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Brandner E, Specht R, Bahri S, Poltinnikov I, Huq M, Heron D. SU-EE-A4-02: Evaluation of Ultrasound Localization Versus MV Portal Images of Fiducial Markers in Prostates. Med Phys 2007. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2760352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Chen H, Smith GJD, Li KS, Wang J, Fan XH, Rayner JM, Vijaykrishna D, Zhang JX, Zhang LJ, Guo CT, Cheung CL, Xu KM, Duan L, Huang K, Qin K, Leung YHC, Wu WL, Lu HR, Chen Y, Xia NS, Naipospos TSP, Yuen KY, Hassan SS, Bahri S, Nguyen TD, Webster RG, Peiris JSM, Guan Y. Establishment of multiple sublineages of H5N1 influenza virus in Asia: implications for pandemic control. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2845-50. [PMID: 16473931 PMCID: PMC1413830 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0511120103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 459] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Preparedness for a possible influenza pandemic caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A subtype H5N1 has become a global priority. The spread of the virus to Europe and continued human infection in Southeast Asia have heightened pandemic concern. It remains unknown from where the pandemic strain may emerge; current attention is directed at Vietnam, Thailand, and, more recently, Indonesia and China. Here, we report that genetically and antigenically distinct sublineages of H5N1 virus have become established in poultry in different geographical regions of Southeast Asia, indicating the long-term endemicity of the virus, and the isolation of H5N1 virus from apparently healthy migratory birds in southern China. Our data show that H5N1 influenza virus, has continued to spread from its established source in southern China to other regions through transport of poultry and bird migration. The identification of regionally distinct sublineages contributes to the understanding of the mechanism for the perpetuation and spread of H5N1, providing information that is directly relevant to control of the source of infection in poultry. It points to the necessity of surveillance that is geographically broader than previously supposed and that includes H5N1 viruses of greater genetic and antigenic diversity.
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Bose S, Huq M, Bahri S, Lalonde R, Selvaraj R, Brandner E, Yue N. TU-EE-A1-03: Comparison of High Dose Rate (HDR) Vs Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) for Prostate Boost Treatment. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1998444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Wang Z, Komanduri K, Wu A, Selvaraj R, Brandner E, Chen A, Bahri S. SU-FF-J-96: The Application of Varian's Markermatch Software in a Retrospective Study of Inter-Fractional Prostate Motion. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1997642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Bose S, Brandner E, Selvaraj R, Bahri S, Wu A. Measurement of neutron dose for IMRT plans using 23MV photon beam. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2004.07.584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Mrad R, Ben Ammar S, Bahlous A, Bahri S, Ferchichi M, Zghal A, Abdelmoula J, Fellah H, Belkahia C. [Epidemiologic data in renal lithiasis in adults]. LA TUNISIE MEDICALE 2001; 79:15-9. [PMID: 11332338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The morpho-costitutional analysis of 574 urinary lithiasis emitted by tunisean adults permitted to define an épidemiology's profile. This resemble to the épidemiology's profile of under-developed conry: Amore raised frequency of the renal lithiasis at the man than at the woman with a sec ratio of 2.4. An average age of +14 years with a peak to 4th decade in 2 sexes. The upper localitation of the calculi is founded in 94% cases. The fréquency of the relapses, the mode of expulsion and the size of calculi are différent of those published in the litérature. Probably because the time of study which last 4 years is too short, so it don't enable us to find a result like the literature. The surgery is the mode of most fréquent élimination (51%). This s dû to the présence great size calculi in our popûlation and to the récent introduction of the lithotritie in our country.
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Bahri S. Lipase activity in germinating sunflower seedlings. Biochem Soc Trans 2000; 28:771-3. [PMID: 11171202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Studying lipase in germinating sunflower seedlings, we looked for an activator of the lipolytic activity. In the presence of 1.25 mM ATP, the enzyme activity increased 2-fold. Lipid-body lipase solubilization was realized using two detergents: Tween 80 and CHAPS. Lipolytic activity was increased 10-fold in the presence of 2% (w/v) CHAPS, showing the probable 'complexity' of the enzyme. Looking for the possible lipolytic activity of the 10000 g pellet we detected the presence of the enzyme. The pellet extract was mixed, in a range of concentrations, with the oil-body fraction. The resulting lipolytic activity was 4-fold higher. These results give clues as to the subcellular distribution of lipase and its intracellular transport.
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Sun Q, Bahri S, Schmid A, Chia W, Zinn K. Receptor tyrosine phosphatases regulate axon guidance across the midline of the Drosophila embryo. Development 2000; 127:801-12. [PMID: 10648238 DOI: 10.1242/dev.127.4.801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Neural receptor-linked protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are required for guidance of motoneuron and photoreceptor growth cones in Drosophila. These phosphatases have not been implicated in growth cone responses to specific guidance cues, however, so it is unknown which aspects of axonal pathfinding are controlled by their activities. Three RPTPs, known as DLAR, DPTP69D, and DPTP99A, have been genetically characterized thus far. Here we report the isolation of mutations in the fourth neural RPTP, DPTP10D. The analysis of double mutant phenotypes shows that DPTP10D and DPTP69D are necessary for repulsion of growth cones from the midline of the embryonic central nervous system. Repulsion is thought to be triggered by binding of the secreted protein Slit, which is expressed by midline glia, to Roundabout (Robo) receptors on growth cones. Robo repulsion is downregulated by the Commissureless (Comm) protein, allowing axons to cross the midline. Here we show that the Rptp mutations genetically interact with robo, slit and comm. The nature of these interactions suggests that DPTP10D and DPTP69D are positive regulators of Slit/Roundabout repulsive signaling. We also show that elimination of all four neural RPTPs converts most noncrossing longitudinal pathways into commissures that cross the midline, indicating that tyrosine phosphorylation controls the manner in which growth cones respond to midline signals.
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Bahri S, Flickinger JC, Kalend AM, Deutsch M, Belani CP, Sciurba FC, Luketich JD, Greenberger JS. Results of multifield conformal radiation therapy of nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma using multileaf collimation beams. RADIATION ONCOLOGY INVESTIGATIONS 1999; 7:297-308. [PMID: 10580899 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6823(1999)7:5<297::aid-roi5>3.0.co;2-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A five-field conformal technique with three-dimensional radiation therapy treatment planning (3-DRTP) has been shown to permit better definition of the target volume for lung cancer, while minimizing the normal tissue volume receiving greater than 50% of the target dose. In an initial study to confirm the safety of conventional doses, we used the five-field conformal 3-DRTP technique. We then used the technique in a second study, enhancing the therapeutic index in a series of 42 patients, as well as to evaluate feasibility, survival outcome, and treatment toxicity. Forty-two consecutive patients with nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) were evaluated during the years 1993-1997. The median age was 60 years (range 34-80). The median radiation therapy (RT) dose to the gross tumor volume was 6,300 cGy (range 5,000-6,840 cGy) delivered over 6 to 6.5 weeks in 180-275 cGy daily fractions, 5 days per week. There were three patients who received a split course treatment of 5,500 cGy in 20 fractions, delivering 275 cGy daily with a 2-week break built into the treatment course after 10 fractions. The stages of disease were II in 2%, IIIA in 40%, IIIB in 42.9%, and recurrent disease in 14.3% of the patients. The mean tumor volume was 324.14 cc (range 88.3-773.7 cc); 57.1% of the patients received combined chemoradiotherapy, while the others were treated with radiation therapy alone. Of the 42 patients, 7 were excluded from the final analysis because of diagnosis of distant metastasis during treatment. Two of the patients had their histology reinterpreted as being other than NSCLC, 2 patients did not complete RT at the time of analysis, and 1 patient voluntarily discontinued treatment because of progressive deterioration. Median follow-up was 11.2 months (range 3-32.5 months). Survival for patients with Stage III disease was 70.2% at 1 year and 51.5% at 2 years, with median survival not yet reached. Local control for the entire series was 23.3+/-11.4% at 2 years. However, for Stage III patients, local control was 50% at 1 year and 30% at 2 years. Patients who received concurrent chemotherapy had significantly improved survival (P = 0.002) and local control (P = 0.004), compared with RT alone. Late esophageal toxicity of > or =Grade 3 occurred in 14.1+/-9.3% of patients (3 of 20) receiving combined chemoradiotherapy, but in none of the 15 patients treated with RT alone. Pulmonary toxicity limited to Grades 1-2 occurred in 6.8% of the patients, and none developed > or =Grade 3 pulmonary toxicity. Patients with locally advanced NSCLC, who commonly have tumor volumes in excess of 200 cc, presenta challenge for adequate dose delivery without significant toxicity. Our five-field conformal 3-DRTP technique, which incorporates treatment planning by dose/volume histogram (DVH) was associated with minimal toxicity and may facilitate dose escalation to the gross tumor.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma/radiotherapy
- Adenocarcinoma/secondary
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma/pathology
- Carcinoma/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma/secondary
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/secondary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/secondary
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
- Disease-Free Survival
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Feasibility Studies
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Lung/radiation effects
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/radiotherapy
- Neoplasm Staging
- Radiotherapy Dosage
- Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/instrumentation
- Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted/methods
- Radiotherapy, Conformal/adverse effects
- Radiotherapy, Conformal/instrumentation
- Radiotherapy, Conformal/methods
- Remission Induction
- Survival Rate
- Treatment Outcome
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Gerszten PC, Moossy JJ, Bahri S, Kalend A, Martínez AJ. Inhibition of peridural fibrosis after laminectomy using low-dose external beam radiation in a rat model. Neurosurgery 1999; 44:597-602; discussion 602-3. [PMID: 10069597 DOI: 10.1097/00006123-199903000-00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Clinical studies have revealed a significant association between the presence of extensive postlumbar discectomy peridural scar formation and the reoccurrence of low back and radicular pain. Low-dose perioperative radiation therapy has been shown to inhibit scar formation. Its effect on peridural fibrosis, however, has not been studied. METHODS Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent L5 laminectomies. Ten rats each received a single fraction of 700-cGy external beam radiation to the lumbar spine 24 hours before surgery; 10 rats each received 700 cGy 24 hours after surgery. The remaining 10 rats served as a control group. All of the rats were killed 30 days after surgery. The spines were harvested, and axial histological sections through the laminectomy defect were evaluated. Each specimen was scored for extent, density, and arachnoidal involvement by fibrosis. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference between the treatment and control groups regarding the extent of fibrosis along the dura (P < 0.001), the density of fibroblasts (P < 0.005), and the arachnoid involvement (P < 0.01). There was no difference in fibrosis reduction between the groups receiving pre- and postlaminectomy radiation. CONCLUSION Low-dose external beam radiation therapy administered before or after laminectomy in a rat model significantly decreases the extent, density, and arachnoidal involvement of peridural fibrosis. This technique may improve the outcome of patients who undergo reoperations for recurrent radicular and/or low back pain after successful lumbar discectomy in whom there is a significant amount of peridural fibrosis.
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Cheah TS, Sani RA, Chandrawathani P, Bahri S, Dahlan I. Epidemiology of Trypanosoma evansi infection in crossbred dairy cattle in Malaysia. Trop Anim Health Prod 1999; 31:25-31. [PMID: 10399814 DOI: 10.1023/a:1005177300345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
An investigation into the epidemiology of Trypansoma evansi infection in crossbred dairy cattle was conducted for a period of 12 months on a dairy cattle farm in Penninsular Malaysia. The prevalence of parasitaemia was highest in lactating animals (13.4%), followed by those in the dry herd (8.8%), late pregnant animals (8.1%), early pregnant animals (4.7%), calves (0.3%) and heifers (0.2%). The prevalence of antigenaemia was highest in the lactating animals (54.7%), followed by that in dry animals (53.7%), heifers (51.1%), late pregnant animals (47.7%), early pregnant animals (46.5%) and calves (24.2%).
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Nesburn AB, Slanina S, Burke RL, Ghiasi H, Bahri S, Wechsler SL. Local periocular vaccination protects against eye disease more effectively than systemic vaccination following primary ocular herpes simplex virus infection in rabbits. J Virol 1998; 72:7715-21. [PMID: 9733807 PMCID: PMC110076 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.72.10.7715-7721.1998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination of experimental animals can provide efficient protection against ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) challenge. Although it is suspected that local immune responses are important in protection against ocular HSV-1 infection, no definitive studies have been done to determine if local ocular vaccination would produce more efficacious protection against HSV-1 ocular challenge than systemic vaccination. To address this question, we vaccinated groups of rabbits either systemically or periocularly with recombinant HSV-2 glycoproteins B (gB2) and D (gD2) in MF59 emulsion or with live KOS (a nonneurovirulent strain of HSV-1). Three weeks after the final vaccination, all eyes were challenged with McKrae (a virulent, eye disease-producing strain of HSV-1). Systemic vaccination with either HSV-1 KOS or gB2/gD2 in MF59 did not provide significant protection against any of the four eye disease parameters measured (conjunctivitis, iritis, epithelial keratitis, and corneal clouding). In contrast, periocular vaccination with gB2/gD2 in MF59 provided significant protection against conjunctivitis and iritis, while ocular vaccination with live HSV-1 KOS provided significant protection against all four parameters. Thus, local ocular vaccination provided better protection than systemic vaccination against eye disease following ocular HSV-1 infection. Since local vaccination should produce a stronger local immune response than systemic vaccination, these results suggest that the local ocular immune response is very important in protecting against eye disease due to primary HSV-1 infection. Thus, for clinical protection against primary HSV-1-induced corneal disease, a local ocular vaccine may prove more effective than systemic vaccination.
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Greenberger JS, Bahri S, Jett J, Belani C, Kalend A, Epperly M. Considerations in optimizing radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Chest 1998; 113:46S-52S. [PMID: 9438690 DOI: 10.1378/chest.113.1_supplement.46s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Irradiation therapy for lung cancer is mostly restricted to conventional methods. To improve therapeutic ratio, we have combined a treatment planning and a gene therapy approach. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy is described as carried out by methods of gene therapy for radiation protection using the manganese-superoxide-dismutase transgene delivered by inhalation gene transfer. These methods may improve therapeutic outcomes in lung cancer.
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Yang X, Bahri S, Klein T, Chia W. Klumpfuss, a putative Drosophila zinc finger transcription factor, acts to differentiate between the identities of two secondary precursor cells within one neuroblast lineage. Genes Dev 1997; 11:1396-408. [PMID: 9192868 DOI: 10.1101/gad.11.11.1396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The approximately 300 distinct neurons comprising each hemineuromere of the Drosophila embryonic central nervous system are derived from a segmentally reiterated array of approximately 30 progenitor cells, neuroblasts (NBs). Each NB has a unique identity and undergoes repeated cell divisions to produce several smaller secondary precursor cells, ganglion mother cells (GMCs); each GMC divides once to produce two neurons and/or glia, thereby generating a specific lineage of neurons/glia. Understanding the generation of neuronal diversity requires not only elucidation of the molecules and mechanisms that specify NB identity but also those that act to differentiate between the cell types produced within one NB lineage. Here we show that the Drosophila Zn finger protein Klumpfuss (Klu), which shows sequence similarities to the mammalian Wilm's tumor suppressor (WT-1), acts to differentiate between the identities of the first two secondary precursor cells produced from one NB lineage. Klu is expressed in the NB4-2 lineage only after two rounds of NB cell division, in the second born GMC (GMC4-2b). In loss-of-function mutant embryos, the first born GMC (GMC4-2a) as well as its progeny neurons are duplicated; we show that this duplication of the GMC4-2a sublineage arises because GMC4-2b adopts the identity of GMC4-2a and divides to produce the GMC4-2a progeny. Moreover, when Klu is ectopically expressed in GMC4-2a, it fails to acquire its normal identity and fails to produce correctly specified progeny. klu therefore acts to specify the identity of GMC4-2b and to make it distinct from GMC4-2a. Our findings further suggest that the determination of GMC cell fate occurs in two steps; the initial GMC identity is the consequence of inheritance from the maternal NB, however, the subsequent stabilization of this identity requires functions like klu in the GMC.
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Belani CP, Aisner J, Bahri S, Jett J, Day R, Capazolli MJ, Hiponia D, Engstrom C. Chemoradiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: paclitaxel/carboplatin/radiotherapy in regionally advanced disease. Semin Oncol 1996; 23:113-6. [PMID: 9007136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Based on superior results observed with combined-modality therapy over radiotherapy alone and on the authors' previous work with carboplatin and standard daily thoracic radiotherapy in patients with advanced, unresectable non-small cell lung cancer, a phase II study was designed to incorporate radiosensitizing doses of paclitaxel (Taxol; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ) into the carboplatin/radiotherapy regimen, to improve the therapeutic index and define the toxicities. Thirty-two patients have been entered. Paclitaxel 45 mg/m2/wk was administered over 3 hours prior to carboplatin (100 mg/m2/wk) and thoracic radiotherapy (1.8 Gy/d 5 days a week; total dose, 60 to 65 Gy). No grade 4 toxicities occurred. Seven patients had chemotherapy doses delayed because of grade 3 neutropenia, and one patient had grade 3 mucositis/esophagitis that required hospitalization. Median survival has not yet been reached, and all patients are being followed. These preliminary data demonstrate the feasibility of combined concurrent chemoradiotherapy, with acceptable toxicities. Further investigation is needed to optimize carboplatin dosage with adaptive control using formulas based on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Full-dose induction chemotherapy regimens to maximize the systemic effects of chemotherapy should precede concurrent chemoradiotherapy in future studies.
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Bahri S, Flickinger J, Kalend A, Deutsch M, Belani C, Jett J, Sciurba F, Brown E, Greenberger J. 2145 Results of multi-field conformal radiation therapy of non-small cell lung cancer using multi-leaf collimator beams. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(97)85719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Daniels PW, Sendow I, Soleha E, Hunt NT, Bahri S. Australian-Indonesian collaboration in veterinary arbovirology--a review. Vet Microbiol 1995; 46:151-74. [PMID: 8545953 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00080-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Australian-Indonesian collaboration in veterinary development programs has led to significant advances in the study of arboviruses. This paper reviews the resulting knowledge of arboviral infections of livestock in Indonesia. The first recognized arboviral disease of animals in Indonesia was bovine ephemeral fever. Serology indicates that the virus is widespread, as are related rhabdoviruses. Local sheep appear resistant to bluetongue disease, but imported sheep have suffered mortalities. Bluetongue viral serotypes 1, 7, 9, 12, 21 and 23 have been isolated from sentinel cattle; 1, 21 and 23 at widely separate locations. Bluetongue serotype 21 has been isolated from Culicoides spp. Serological reactors to Akabane virus are widespread, as are reactors to the flavivirus group. Japanese encephalitis, isolated from sentinel pigs, is the flavivirus of most veterinary importance but the limit of its easterly distribution is unknown. Many of the arboviruses present in Indonesia are also present in Australia and elsewhere in Asia. Their patterns of mobility among countries in the region are largely undescribed, but there are opportunities for further regional collaboration.
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Ghiasi H, Bahri S, Nesburn AB, Wechsler SL. Protection against herpes simplex virus-induced eye disease after vaccination with seven individually expressed herpes simplex virus 1 glycoproteins. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 1995; 36:1352-60. [PMID: 7775113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of each of seven expressed herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) glycoproteins as vaccines to protect against ocular disease after primary ocular HSV-1 infection. METHODS Mice were vaccinated three times with equal amounts of each of seven individually expressed HSV-1 glycoproteins (gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, gH, and gI) and then ocularly challenged with McKrae, a corneal disease-producing strain of HSV-1. Viral clearance from the eye, blepharitis, keratitis, and neovascularization were determined at various times after infection. RESULTS Mice vaccinated with gD or gB had the best protection against eye disease. Vaccination with gI, gC, or gE produced moderate protection against eye disease. Vaccination with gG produced less protection, and vaccination with gH produced no apparent protection against eye disease. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that when used as vaccines, different HSV-1 glycoproteins provide different levels of protection against HSV-1-induced eye disease. Based on comparison with the authors' previously published results, the ability of each glycoprotein to protect against eye disease correlated with the ability of the glycoprotein to induce high serum neutralizing antibody titers and killer cell activity. Results suggest that the effectiveness of these seven glycoproteins in protecting against eye disease can be ranked as follows: gD > gB > gI > (gC = gE) > gG > gH.
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Nesburn AB, Bahri S, Salz J, Rabinowitz YS, Maguen E, Hofbauer J, Berlin M, Macy JI. Keratoconus detected by videokeratography in candidates for photorefractive keratectomy. J Refract Surg 1995; 11:194-201. [PMID: 7553090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with corneal shape abnormalities should be identified prior to photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). We used videokeratography screening to detect subclinical corneal abnormalities, including keratoconus, which might have been missed by conventional clinical evaluation. METHODS One hundred forty-six apparently normal myopic eyes (-1.00 to -7.00 diopters [D] with less than 1.50 D of cylinder) of 91 consecutive patients who were candidates for PRK were screened by videokeratography. RESULTS In 6 of 91 patients (7 of 146 eyes), unsuspected corneal shape abnormalities were detected by videokeratography. Two patients had definite keratoconus and three were classified as keratoconus suspects by inferior corneal steepening (Rabinowitz I-S index ranging from 1.62 to 6.20 D). One patient had early pellucid marginal degeneration. CONCLUSIONS Keratoconus suspects and contact lens-induced changes resembling keratoconus are present in the "normal" myopic population that presents for refractive surgery. Videokeratographic screening is the only effective means of identifying these and other corneal shape abnormalities.
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Brown D, Hamdi H, Bahri S, Kenney MC. Characterization of an endogenous metalloproteinase in human vitreous. Curr Eye Res 1994; 13:639-47. [PMID: 7805394 DOI: 10.3109/02713689408999899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The vitreous is a gel-like connective tissue that undergoes liquefaction during aging and pathological processes. We isolated and characterized a degradative enzyme from the vitreous of different species and identified it to be matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). This enzyme was found in a latent form and may be associated with endogenous inhibitors. Vitreous isolated from both non-diabetic and diabetic patients contained MMP-2 in the same concentrations. However, the diabetic samples had an additional gelatinase activity at 92 kDa which may be associated with a compromised vasculature. These results suggest that the normal human vitreous contains an endogenous MMP and the appearance of an additional activity is associated with pathologic conditions.
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Nesburn AB, Burke RL, Ghiasi H, Slanina S, Bahri S, Wechsler SL. Vaccine therapy for ocular herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection: periocular vaccination reduces spontaneous ocular HSV type 1 shedding in latently infected rabbits. J Virol 1994; 68:5084-92. [PMID: 8035508 PMCID: PMC236451 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.68.8.5084-5092.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Periocular vaccination of rabbits with preexisting herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latent infection with recombinant HSV-2 glycoproteins B and D (gB2 and gD2) plus adjuvant significantly reduced ocular viral shedding. Rabbits were infected in both eyes with HSV-1 strain McKrae. Following HSV-1 infection and the establishment of latency (28 days postinfection), rabbits were given a periocular subconjunctival vaccination three times at 3-week intervals. Beginning 3 weeks after the final vaccination, tear films were collected daily and cultured to detect the presence of HSV-1 and determine the spontaneous HSV-1 ocular shedding rates. Periocular vaccination increased the mean HSV-1 serum neutralizing antibody titer to fivefold above that seen in mock-vaccinated latently infected rabbits. gB enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antibody titers were increased approximately 8-fold, and gD ELISA antibody titers were increased 60-fold. These increases were all statistically significant (P < 0.0001). In two independent experiments, vaccination reduced the spontaneous shedding rate by approximately 2.5-fold (P < 0.0004). In addition, the percentage of eyes that never shed virus during the 6 week postvaccination test period increased threefold (20% in controls versus 60% in vaccinated animals; P < 0.007). These results show that spontaneous ocular shedding of HSV-1 in latently infected rabbits can be significantly reduced by local periocular vaccination. This is the first report in any animal model of a successful therapeutic vaccine against recurrent HSV-1 ocular shedding. These results support the concept that development of a therapeutic vaccine for ocular HSV-1 recurrence in humans is possible.
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Bahri S, Isaksson A, Barthés AM, Saldari L, Westlund G. The role of UNESCO in school-based education for the prevention of AIDS. ACTA PAEDIATRICA (OSLO, NORWAY : 1992). SUPPLEMENT 1994; 400:104-5. [PMID: 7833550 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13347.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Isaksson A, Bahri S, O'Byrne D, Chowdhung S, Reinders J, Fraser K. Developing and implementing school policies to address HIV infection and other health policies. HYGIE 1993; 12:23-4. [PMID: 8253469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Landry JC, Koretz MJ, Wood WC, Bahri S, Smith RG, Costa M, Daneker GW, York MR, Sarma PR, Lynn M. Preoperative irradiation and fluorouracil chemotherapy for locally advanced rectosigmoid carcinoma: phase I-II study. Radiology 1993; 188:423-6. [PMID: 8327689 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.188.2.8327689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
From June 1988 to July 1991, 20 patients with locally advanced rectal or rectosigmoid cancer were treated prospectively with a strategy of combining preoperative irradiation and fluorouracil chemotherapy before surgical resection. The preoperative radiation dose was 5,000 cGy, and fluorouracil chemotherapy was administered on the first and last 3 days of irradiation in an intravenous bolus dose of 500 mg/m2. In a median follow-up of 25 months, the local regional failure rate was 10%. The 3-year actuarial overall survival and disease-free survival were 92% and 82%, respectively. Twenty percent of the surgical specimens showed no residual tumor, and only 10% showed positive lymph nodes. Significant leukopenia occurred in 10% of patients. Preoperative irradiation and fluorouracil chemotherapy increased surgical downstaging and improved local regional control. The overall toxicity was acceptable. The results of this particular multimodality approach was encouraging and warrant further investigation in phase III trials.
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