51
|
Schiessling S, Diener MK, Post S, Büchler MW, Seiler CM. [Clinical trials in surgery - health care research of the future?]. Zentralbl Chir 2011; 136:87-9. [PMID: 21500149 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1276695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
52
|
Schultz JD, Ronellenfitsch U, Hohenberger P, Michaely H, Ströbel P, Post S, Schwarzbach M. [Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava]. Zentralbl Chir 2010; 136:391-3. [PMID: 20945289 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1247467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
53
|
Hasenberg T, Essenbreis M, Herold A, Post S, Shang E. Early supplementation of parenteral nutrition is capable of improving quality of life, chemotherapy-related toxicity and body composition in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma undergoing palliative treatment: results from a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Colorectal Dis 2010; 12:e190-9. [PMID: 19895595 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.02111.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Patients suffering from advanced colorectal cancer can experience unintended weight loss and/or treatment-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. Based on current evidence, the routine use of parenteral nutrition (PN) for patients with colorectal cancer is not recommended. This study evaluates the effect of PN supplementation on body composition, quality of life (QoL), chemotherapy-associated side effects and survival in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. METHOD Eighty-two patients with advanced colorectal cancer receiving a palliative chemotherapy were prospectively randomized to either oral enteral nutrition supplement (PN-) or oral enteral nutrition supplement plus supplemental PN (PN+). Every 6 weeks body weight, body mass index (BMI), chemotherapy-associated side effects and caloric intake were assessed, haemoglobin and serum albumin were measured. Body composition was assessed by body impedance analysis, and QoL was evaluated by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QLQC30 questionnaire. RESULTS No differences were evident at baseline between the groups for age, sex, diagnosis, weight, BMI or QoL. A difference in BMI was observed by week 36, whereas differences of the mean body cell mass could be observed from week 6, albumin dropped significantly in the PN- group in week 36 and QoL showed significant differences from week 18. Chemotherapy-associated side effects were higher in PN-. The survival rate was significantly greater in the PN+ group. CONCLUSION A supplementation with PN slows weight loss, stabilizes body-composition and improves QoL in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Furthermore, it can reduce chemotherapy-related side effects.
Collapse
|
54
|
Rickert A, Willeke F, Kienle P, Post S. Management and outcome of anastomotic leakage after colonic surgery. Colorectal Dis 2010; 12:e216-23. [PMID: 20002697 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2009.02152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Anastomotic leakage remains a key factor for morbidity after colonic surgery. The aim of the study was to analyse the outcome of different therapeutical approaches. METHOD Of 1731 consecutive patients undergoing colonic resection between 1998 and 2005 at our institution, 67 patients with anastomotic leakage were identified from a prospective database. A logistic regression model was used to determine factors which influenced the therapeutic approach and outcome. RESULTS The overall anastomotic leakage rate was 3.5%. All patients were re-operated. The anastomosis was resected without restoration of continuity in 31 but preserved in 36 patients. An ileostomy was constructed in 27 of 36 patients with anastomotic leakage after repair or revision of the anastomosis, the remaining nine cases were treated without ileostomy. Five of these latter nine vs three of the 27 patients with ileostomy experienced re-leakage (P = 0.05). The overall mortality was 25%. The Mannheim Peritonitis Index was 17.44 for survivors vs 25.64 for nonsurvivors (P < 0.001). Restoration of intestinal continuity was performed in 95% of the patients with ileostomy and in 88% after Hartmann's procedure. Multivariate analysis identified multi organ failure as the only factor predictive of a fatal outcome (P < 0.001). An ASA-score of more than 2 (P = 0.02) and peritonitis (P = 0.002) were reasons for not preserving the anastomosis. CONCLUSION Repair or redo of the anastomosis without a protective ileostomy frequently results in failure of the procedure. After Hartmann's operation or split stoma creation a majority of patients undergo restoration of intestinal continuity.
Collapse
|
55
|
Belle S, Collet P, Post S, Kaehler G. Temporary cystogastrostomy with self-expanding metallic stents for pancreatic necrosis. Endoscopy 2010; 42:493-5. [PMID: 20432209 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Conventional endoscopic drainage of symptomatic pancreatic pseudocysts has its limitations when the content of the collection is nonfluid. This leads to obstruction of placed flap stents; it requires the placement of an irrigation catheter and repeated implantation of several stents. Herein we describe the temporary use of a special self-expanding partially covered metal mesh stent, which was designed to keep the pancreaticogastrostomy open for drainage of walled-off necrosis and for further endoscopic necrosectomies. The stent has a diameter of 20-25 mm and a length of 50 mm and was placed following the first transgastric removal of necrotic masses. After a treatment period of 7-11 days involving 2-3 endoscopic procedures we achieved clinical success, defined as complete removal of necrotic masses, in all cases without major complications.
Collapse
|
56
|
Hammes C, Moersdorf G, Refeidi A, Post S, Kaehler G. Endoscopic application of hemostatic thrombin-gelatin matrix (FloSeal®) in anticoagulated pigs. MINIM INVASIV THER 2010; 19:48-51. [DOI: 10.3109/13645700903516585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
57
|
Keese M, Yagublu V, Schwenke K, Post S, Bastiaens P. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis resistance in a syngenic mouse tumor model. Int J Cancer 2009; 126:104-13. [PMID: 19588498 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
During cancer therapy with DNA-damaging drug-agents, the development of secondary resistance to apoptosis can be observed. In the search for novel therapeutic approaches that can be used in these cases, we monitored chemotherapy-induced apoptosis resistance in a syngenic mouse tumor model. For this, syngenic murine colorectal carcinoma cells, which stably expressed a FRET-based caspase-3 activity sensor, were introduced into animals to induce peritoneal carcinomatosis or disseminated hepatic metastases. This syngenic system allowed in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo analysis of chemotherapy induced apoptosis induction by optically monitoring the caspase-3 sensor state in the tumor cells. Tumor tissue analysis of 5-FU treated mice showed the selection of 5-FU-induced apoptosis resistant tumor cells. These and chemo-naive fluorescent tumor cells could be re-isolated from treated and untreated mice and propagated in cell culture. Re-exposure to 5-FU and second line treatment modalities in this ex-vivo setting showed that 5-FU induced apoptosis resistance could be alleviated by imatinib mesylate (Gleevec). We thus show that syngenic mouse systems that stably express a FRET-based caspase-3 sensor can be employed to analyse the therapeutic efficiency of apoptosis inducing chemotherapy.
Collapse
|
58
|
Jakob J, Hinzpeter M, Weiß C, Weiß J, Schlüter M, Post S, Kienle P. Qualität der BQS-Dokumentation. Chirurg 2009; 81:563-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00104-009-1827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
59
|
Palma P, Horisberger K, Joos A, Rothenhoefer S, Willeke F, Post S. Local excision of early rectal cancer: is transanal endoscopic microsurgery an alternative to radical surgery? REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2009; 101:172-8. [PMID: 19388797 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082009000300003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) allows locally complete excision of rectal neoplasms and provides an alternative to conventional surgery for benign tumours. However, its role in the curative treatment of invasive carcinoma is controversial. This paper examines the results of TEM compared with radical surgery (RS) for T1 rectal cancer. METHODS 51 patients with T1 rectal tumours treated by RS, or local excision by means of TEM were included. The following parameters were evaluated: operating time, blood loss, hospital stay and complications, as well as local recurrence rate and survival. RESULTS 17 patients were treated by RS and 34 by TEM. Operative time, blood loss, and duration of hospitalization were significantly lower in the TEM group compared with the RS group. In the RS group there were 4 patients with complications which required an operative revision (23.5%), compared to 1 reintervention (2.9%) in the TEM group. Local recurrence was 5.88% (n = 2) in the TEM group compared with none after RS (p = 0.547). The overall survival and disease-free survival showed not significant statistical differences between both groups (p = 0.59; p = 1.000, resp.). CONCLUSIONS Although local recurrence was only observed after local excision, patients treated with TEM showed no significant differences in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival compared with patients who underwent RS. Inasmuch as local excision represents a minimally invasive technique in terms of morbidity, mortality and functional outcome, TEM should be offered as a valid option for well selected patients with early rectal cancer.
Collapse
|
60
|
Hofheinz R, Wenz F, Post S, Matzdorff A, Laechelt S, Mueller L, Link H, Moehler M, Burkholder I, Hochhaus A. Capecitabine (Cape) versus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based (neo-)adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC): Safety results of a randomized, phase III trial. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.4014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
4014 Background: 5-FU based CRT is regarded standard perioperative treatment in LARC. Here we report safety data of a non-inferiority phase III trial investigating (neo-)adjuvant CRT with Cape in comparison with 5-FU. Methods: Patients (pts) aged ≥18 years with LARC UICC stages II or III were recruited in this two-arm, two-strata randomized phase-III trial (arm A: Cape, arm B: 5-FU; stratum [S] I: adjuvant, S II: neoadjuvant). Regimens: Arm A: CRT: 50.4 Gy + Cape 1,650 mg/m2 days 1–38 plus five cycles of Cape 2,500 mg/m2 d 1–14, rep. d 22 (S I: 2 x Cape, CRT, 3 x Cape; S II: CRT, TME surgery followed by Cape x 5). Arm B: CRT: 50.4 Gy + 5-FU 225 mg/m2 c.i. daily [S I] or 5-FU 1,000 mg/m2 c.i. d 1–5 and 29–33 [S II] plus 4 cycles of bolus 5-FU 500mg/m2 d 1–5, rep. d 29 (S I: 2 x 5-FU, CRT, 2 x 5-FU; S II: CRT, TME surgery followed by 5-FU x 4). Primary endpoint was survival, secondary endpoints comprised safety and disease-free survival. Results: Of 401 randomized pts a total of 392 are evaluable (Arm A n=197, arm B n=195; S I n=231, S II n=161). Both arms were well balanced with respect to age, sex, WHO status, T- and N- stages. Regarding duration of treatment, 78% (Cape) and 80% (5-FU) completed all scheduled treatment cycles in S I, and 46% (Cape) and 40% (5-FU) in neoadjuvant stratum S II. In S II a total of 38% (Cape) and 43% (5-FU) did not continue chemotherapy after tumour resection. Concerning early efficacy endpoints in S II, pts treated with Cape (evaluable thus far n=121) exhibited a higher rate of T-downstaging (defined as ypT0–2; 52 vs 39%; p=0.16) and N0 (71 vs 56%; p=0.09). Regarding overall safety (NCI-CTC), pts receiving Cape experienced significantly less leukopenia (25 vs 35%; p=0.04), but more hand-foot syndrome (31 vs. 2%; p<0.001). Stomatitis/mucositis, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and radiodermatitis were not significantly different between both arms. Conclusions: Given the observed safety profile and the trend in improved downstaging in neoadjuvant stratum, Cape exhibits a potential to replace 5-FU as perioperative treatment of LARC. Efficacy results on the primary endpoint are expected for 2010. [Table: see text]
Collapse
|
61
|
Hasenberg T, Keese M, Längle F, Reibenwein B, Schindler K, Herold A, Beck G, Post S, Jauch KW, Spies C, Schwenk W, Shang E. 'Fast-track' colonic surgery in Austria and Germany--results from the survey on patterns in current perioperative practice. Colorectal Dis 2009; 11:162-7. [PMID: 18462237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1318.2008.01559.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 'Fast-track' rehabilitation has been shown to accelerate recovery, reduce general morbidity and decrease hospital stay after elective colonic surgery. Despite this evidence, there is no information on the acceptance and utilization of these concepts among the entirety of Austrian and German surgeons. METHOD In 2006, a questionnaire concerning perioperative routines in elective, open colonic resection was sent to the chief surgeons of 1270 German and 120 Austrian surgical centres. RESULTS The response rate was 63% in Austria (76 centres) and 30% in Germany (385 centres). Mechanical bowel preparation is used by the majority (Austria, 91%; Germany, 94%); the vertical incision is the standard method of approach to the abdomen in Austria (79%) and Germany (83%), nasogastric decompression tubes are rarely used, one-third of the questioned surgeons in both countries use intra-abdominal drains. Half of the surgical centres allow the intake of clear fluids on the day of surgery and one-fifth offer solid food on that day. Epidural analgesia is used in three-fourths of the institutions. CONCLUSION Although there is an evident benefit of fast-track management, the survey shows that they are not yet widely used as a routine in Austria and Germany.
Collapse
|
62
|
Magdeburg R, Grobholz R, Dornschneider G, Post S, Bussen D. Perianal abscess caused by Actinomyces: report of a case. Tech Coloproctol 2008; 12:347-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10151-008-0446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
63
|
Post S, Abdallah BM, Bentzon JF, Kassem M. Demonstration of the presence of independent pre-osteoblastic and pre-adipocytic cell populations in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bone 2008; 43:32-39. [PMID: 18456590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2008.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2007] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are defined as plastic-adherent, clonal cells that are common progenitors for osteoblasts and adipocytes. An inverse relationship between bone and fat has been observed in several clinical conditions and has been suggested to be caused by re-directing MSC differentiation into one particular lineage. However, this inverse relationship between bone and fat is not consistent and under certain in vivo conditions, bone and fat can change independently suggesting separate precursor cell populations. In order to test for this hypothesis, we extensively characterized two plastic-adherent clonal MSC lines (mMSC1 and mMSC2) derived from murine bone marrow. The two cell lines grew readily in culture and have undergone more than 100 population doublings with no apparent differences in their growth rates. Both cell lines were positive for the murine MSC marker Sca-1 and mMSC1 was also positive for CD13. Both cell lines were exposed to in vitro culture induction of osteogenesis and adipogenesis. mMSC1 and not mMSC2 were only able to differentiate to adipocytes evidenced by the expression of adipocyte markers (aP2, adiponectin, adipsin, PPARgamma2 and C/EBPa) and the presence of mature adipocytes visualized by Oil Red O staining. On the other hand, mMSC2 and not mMSC1 differentiated to osteoblast lineage as demonstrated by up-regulation of osteoblastic makers (CBFA1/RUNX2, Osterix, alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein and osteopontin) and formation of alizarin red stained mineralized matrix in vitro. Consistent with the in vitro results, mMSC2 and not mMSC1, were able to form bone in vivo after subcutaneous implantation in immune-deficient (NOD/SCID) mice. Our data suggest that contrary to the current belief, bone marrow contains clonal subpopulations of cells that are committed to either osteoblast or adipocyte lineage. These cell populations may undergo independent changes during aging and in bone diseases and thus represent important targets for therapy.
Collapse
|
64
|
Neuhaus P, Riess H, Post S, Gellert K, Ridwelski K, Schramm H, Zuelke C, Fahlke J, Langrehr J, Oettle H. CONKO-001: Final results of the randomized, prospective, multicenter phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine versus observation in patients with resected pancreatic cancer (PC). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.lba4504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
65
|
Rößner E, Ronellenfitsch U, Wang Q, Denz C, Huber D, Post S, Hohenberger P, Schwarzbach M. Einfluss von Klinikpfaden auf die perioperative Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität in der Thoraxchirurgie. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
66
|
Rößner E, Ronellenfitsch U, Denz C, Huber D, Wang Q, Post S, Hohenberger P, Schwarzbach M. Einfluss von Klinikpfaden in der Thoraxchirurgie auf die Behandlungskosten unter spezieller Berücksichtigung der Behandlungsqualität. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
67
|
Zoller S, Joos A, Dinter D, Back W, Horisberger K, Post S, Palma P. Retrorectal tumors: excision by transanal endoscopic microsurgery. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2008; 99:547-50. [PMID: 18052651 DOI: 10.4321/s1130-01082007000900011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumours within the retrorectal space are uncommon. Due to their rarity and diverse symptoms they are often misdiagnosed or mistreated. We report three cases of women presenting a variety of symptoms including increased rectal pain, recurrent abscesses/fistulas and constipation. Upon clinical examination and further investigations using MR scan, endorectal ultrasound and endoscopy, a retrorectal mass was suspected in all three cases. In order to achieve a complete excision of the tumor while minimizing trauma, transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) was performed. The histology of the multicystic tumor revealed in all three cases a tailgut cyst. As far as we know this is the first report describing the use of TEM for surgical treatment of tumors located in the retrorectal space.
Collapse
|
68
|
Sold MG, Grobholz R, Post S, Enderle MD, Kaehler GFBA. Submucosal cushioning with water jet before endoscopic mucosal resection : Which fluids are effective? Surg Endosc 2008; 22:443-7. [PMID: 17593436 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-007-9449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several new techniques have recently been described that allow the endoscopic mucosal resection even of broad-based flat lesions in the gastrointestinal tract. The technique recently described by us of using a water jet dissector (Helix HydroJet) for a selective deposition of liquid in the submucosal lamina has now been combined with different substances, and their effects have been compared. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gastroscopies were carried out in 8 pigs under intubation anesthesia, and 2 submucosal cushions each were created in the stomach using one out of 4 test substances (gelatin, glucose 50, hydroxyethyl starch [HES] 10%, dextran 40), as well as one cushion of isotonic saline solution placed in each area via the Helix HydroJet). The height of the submucosal cushions was intermittently measured over a period of 40 or 20 min, respectively, by miniprobe endosonography. In 7 of the animals the stomach was subsequently subjected to mucosal resection. The specimens and the gastric wall were histologically assessed to evaluate the localization of the liquid cushion and the effect on adjacent layers of the gastric wall. RESULTS All test substances produced strictly selective liquid cushions in the submucosa. With HES 10% and dextran the maximum height of the cushions initially increased and then decreased during the further course to an average of 90% of the initial height within 40 min. Isotonic saline solution showed the most rapid decrease in height (72% after 20 min). The histological assessment confirmed the selective nature of the liquid deposit in the submucosa. DISCUSSION Plasma expanders produced cushions that initially increased in height but then remained constant for a longer period than cushions produced using glucose 50, gelatin, or isotonic saline solution. The combination of transmucosal jet application for elevation of the mucosa with plasma expanders is therefore an interesting approach to optimize endoscopic mucosal resections.
Collapse
|
69
|
Horisberger K, Hofheinz RD, Palma P, Volkert AK, Rothenhoefer S, Wenz F, Hochhaus A, Post S, Willeke F. Tumor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal cancer: predictor for surgical morbidity? Int J Colorectal Dis 2008; 23:257-64. [PMID: 18071720 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-007-0408-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2007] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing the rate of pathological complete remissions after neoadjuvant chemoradiation of rectal cancer has become a strategy to further improve the long-term oncological outcome of patients. This report evaluates the influence of preoperative intensified radiochemotherapy on the rate and outcome of surgical complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with primary rectal cancer at stages cT3/4cNx or N+ without metastasis were preoperatively treated either with capecitabine and irinotecan or with capecitabine, irinotecan and ceutximab with a concurrent radiation (50.4 Gy). Surgery was scheduled 4-7 weeks after completion of the chemoradiation. Perioperative complications were prospectively documented during the patient's hospital stay. RESULTS Fifty-nine patients (median age 60; male/female: 46/13) undergoing surgery at a single center were analysed. The median distance of the tumour from the dentate line was 5 cm. The operations performed were low anterior resection (n=45), Hartmann's procedure (n=4) and abdominoperineal resection (n=10). Total mesorectal excision with R0-resection was accomplished in all but one patients. Histopathological regression was described in four grades (0-3) as defined by the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum. Tumors were called major responsive when assigned to the regression grades 3 or 2, and minor or nonresponsive at regression grades 1 or 0. In total, 33 patients (55.9%) had a regression grade 2 or 3. Among them, 12 patients showed a pathological complete response without any residual cancer cell (20.3%). Seven out of 45 patients (15.5%) with sphincter-preserving surgery suffered from suture breakdown; they all had previously shown a major response of the resected tumor. Two of them died during the hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS While in general, patients undergoing neoadjuvant intensified treatment suffer from a slight increase in surgical complications, this is markedly enhanced in patients with good treatment responses. Our results underline the oncological benefit of intensified neoadjuvant chemoradiation, but the severity of complications in low rectal anastomosis of patients with good response after neoadjuvant therapy should alert surgeons and oncologists.
Collapse
|
70
|
Hasenberg T, Rittler P, Post S, Jauch KW, Senkal M, Spies C, Schwenk W, Shang E. [A survey of perioperative therapy for elective colon resection in Germany, 2006]. Chirurg 2008; 78:818-26. [PMID: 17516040 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-007-1354-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the evidence that fast-track concepts in colon surgery lead to an enhanced recovery rate, there is no information on the prevalence and utilization of such programs in Germany. METHODS Based on a conventional sigmoid resection, we asked 1,270 surgical departments in Germany to describe their standard surgical procedures in a questionnaire. RESULTS The response rate was 385 (30.31%). A total of 96% use a bowel preparation, 83% a vertical incision, 10% use a nasogastric decompression for longer then 1 day, 34% avoid intra-abdominal drains, 51% allow clear fluids on the day of surgery, 13% offer solid food on the first day after surgery, 75% use epidural analgesia and 47% discharge the patients by the seventh day after surgery. CONCLUSION Although there is an evident benefit using fast-track concepts, they are not yet in wide use as a standard procedure. Further efforts have to be made to ensure that the majority of patients will benefit from these concepts.
Collapse
|
71
|
Nowak K, Hanusch C, Kölbel HC, Schwarzbach M, Post S, Beck G, Gebhard MM, Metzger R, Hohenberger P. Alterations of tumor and normal tissue of human lung cancer resection specimens after isolation perfusion. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE POLISH PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2007; 58 Suppl 5:501-511. [PMID: 18204164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The isolation perfusion model, including transbronchial ventilation of human lung, offers the possibility to study pharmacological interactions under physiological conditions. In view of the increasing importance of targeted therapy of lung diseases, this model of perfusion might attract major interest, particularly, in lung cancer. Our study investigated physiological, histological, and immunohistochemical alterations of lung and tumor tissue during isolated perfusion of lung lobectomy specimens to explore potential limitations of this model. Right after resection, 16 human lung resection specimens for primary lung cancer were isolated, ventilated, and perfused under physiological conditions with a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution over a period of 10, 60, 90, 120, and 240 min. Perfusion pressure, pH, lung weight gain, and histological edema formation were measured continuously before and during perfusion. After perfusion, lung and tumor tissue was investigated by hematoxylin-and-eosin stained sections. Immunohistochemistry of NADH, PECAM-1, angiotensin-converting-enzyme and NF-kappabeta were performed to determine lung tissue viability and changes at the endothelial layer. We found that perfusion up to 120 min could be performed with completely stable physiological conditions. Beyond that time span, edema formation and weight gain of the resection specimen started and were followed by an increase in inspiratory pressure and pulmonary artery pressure. Perfusion of more than 4 h led to a significant edema formation in lung tissue accompanied by loss of viability and significant histological alterations. We conclude that isolated ventilation and perfusion of human lung resections within the setup chosen is reliable for pharmacological studies up to a period of 120 min. Thereafter, edema formation and endothelial damage develop and limit the interpretation and reliability of drug delivery studies.
Collapse
|
72
|
Nowak K, Weih S, Post S, Gebhard MM, Hohenberger P. Bradykinin in ischemia-reperfusion injury of the rat lung. JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY : AN OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE POLISH PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2007; 58 Suppl 5:513-522. [PMID: 18204165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies described possibilities to reduce lung damage after intestinal ischemia by application of a selective bradykinin-2 receptor antagonist (HOE 140). In contrast, it has been shown that the preischemic application of bradykinin (BK) reduced ischemic damage of the myocardium. In the present study, to evaluate the effects of BK and HOE 140 in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury we used a standardized in vivo ischemia-reperfusion model of the right rat lung. Ischemia of 60 min was induced by cross-clamping of the right hilus followed by 120 min of reperfusion. During reperfusion, the left hilus was ligated. In Group 1 (n=5), the animals were sham operated without induction of ischemia under ligation of the left lung hilus. Group 2 (n=5) was operated as described, Group 3 (n=5) received 100 microg bradykinin (BK) before reperfusion, Group 4 (n=5) was given a B2-agonist before reperfusion, and Group 5 (n=5) was given 100 microg HOE140/kg body weight before reperfusion. Blood pressure and arterial oxygenation were monitored. As a marker of endothelial damage, angiotensin-converting-enzyme activity (ACE) in serum and RT-PCR of ACE and angiotensin-2 in lung tissue were determined in all groups. Two of the HOE140-treated animals died within 30 min of reperfusion. During reperfusion, significantly higher PaO2 values (P<0.01) have been observed in BK treated animals of Group 3 (214+/-22 mmHg) and sham operated controls of Group 1 (233+/-26 mmHg) compared with Groups 2 (132+/-13 mmHg) and Group 5 (125+/-50 mmHg; P<0.01). Serum ACE activity after reperfusion was significantly lower in Group 1 (3.5+/-0.5 IU/l), Group 3 (3.8+/-1.1 IU/l), and Group 4 (2.2+/-0.5 IU/l; P<0.05) vs. Group 2 (4.8+/-0.9 IU/l), whereas Group 5 (6.2+/-5.4 IU/l) did not differ from Group 2. mRNA expressions of ACE was lower in Group 1 and Group 3 compared with Group 2 (P<0.01). AT-2 mRNA expression did not show any differences between the investigated groups. A significantly lower ACE activity and expression and a significantly higher oxygenation after BK application in Group 3 strongly suggest a positive influence of bradykinin on ischemic preconditioning of the pulmonary endothelium. Positive effects of application of bradykinin-receptor antagonists could not be proved in this study.
Collapse
|
73
|
Asangani IA, Rasheed SAK, Nikolova DA, Leupold JH, Colburn NH, Post S, Allgayer H. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) post-transcriptionally downregulates tumor suppressor Pdcd4 and stimulates invasion, intravasation and metastasis in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2007. [PMID: 17968323 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-suppressor Pdcd4 inhibits transformation and invasion and is downregulated in cancers. So far, it has not been studied as to whether miRNAs, suppressing target expression by binding to the 3'-UTR, regulate Pdcd4 or invasion. The present study was conducted to investigate the regulation of Pdcd4, and invasion/intra-vasation, by miRNAs. A bioinformatics search revealed a conserved target-site for miR-21 within the Pdcd4-3'-UTR at 228-249 nt. In 10 colorectal cell lines, an inverse correlation of miR-21 and Pdcd4-protein was observed. Transfection of Colo206f-cells with miR-21 significantly suppressed a luciferase-reporter containing the Pdcd4-3'-UTR, whereas transfection of RKO with anti-miR-21 increased activity of this construct. This was abolished when a construct mutated at the miR-21/nt228-249 target site was used instead. Anti-miR-21-transfected RKO cells showed an increase of Pdcd4-protein and reduced invasion. Moreover, these cells showed reduced intra-vasation and lung metastasis in a chicken-embryo-metastasis assay. In contrast, overexpression of miR-21 in Colo206f significantly reduced Pdcd4-protein amounts and increased invasion, while Pdcd4-mRNA was unaltered. Resected normal/tumor tissues of 22 colorectal cancer patients demonstrated an inverse correlation between miR-21 and Pdcd4-protein. This is the first study to show that Pdcd4 is negatively regulated by miR-21. Furthermore, it is the first report to demonstrate that miR-21 induces invasion/intravasation/metastasis.
Collapse
|
74
|
Hasenberg T, Niedergethmann M, Rittler P, Post S, Jauch KW, Senkal M, Spies C, Schwenk W, Shang E. Elektive Kolonresektionen in Deutschland. Anaesthesist 2007; 56:1223-6, 1228-30. [PMID: 17882388 DOI: 10.1007/s00101-007-1259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fast-track rehabilitation after elective colon resection is an interdisciplinary multimodal procedure, which combines surgical and anesthesiological aspects. This leads to an improved and accelerated recovery and avoids perioperative complications. This survey focuses on the extent and use of such concepts in Germany. METHODS In January 2006, a questionnaire was sent to 1270 anesthesiology departments in Germany in which they were asked to describe the standard anesthesia procedures based on a conventional sigmoid resection. RESULTS The response rate was 385 out of 1270 (30.3%). Preoperative fasting of solid food 12 h before the operation was practiced in 52% and for 6 h in 44% of the clinics. For fluid intake the fasting time was 6 h in 47% and 2 h in 41%. Prophylactic measures for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were administered in 33% of clinics. Propofol (68%) was the leading narcotic, fentanyl (56%) and sufentanil (48%) were the most commonly used intraoperative analgesics and 75% of clinics used epidural analgesia. CONCLUSION In Germany the anesthesiological treatment after elective colon surgery adheres broadly to the evidence-based recommendations for fast-track concepts.
Collapse
|
75
|
Nikolova D, Asangani I, Rasheed S, Harms A, Post S, Manegold C, Allgayer H. 6533 POSTER Cetuximab attenuates EGF induced u-PAR expression in NSCLC. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)71361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
76
|
Kirschner M, Leupold J, Schmidt K, Post S, Manegold C, Allgayer H. 6532 POSTER Zoledronic acid reduces invasion of different lung cancer cell lines. EJC Suppl 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(07)71360-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
|
77
|
Wilhelm TJ, Freudenberg S, Jonas E, Grobholz R, Post S, Kyamanywa P. Sterilized Mosquito Net versus Commercial Mesh for Hernia Repair. Eur Surg Res 2007; 39:312-7. [PMID: 17595545 DOI: 10.1159/000104402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2007] [Accepted: 04/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In industrialized countries alloplastic meshes are routinely used for hernia repair. However, in developing countries they are rarely available or affordable. This study compares textile properties and tissue response of commercial polypropylene mesh (PM) vs. sterilized nylon mosquito net (MN). METHODS Textile properties were examined in vitro. In 12 goats one MN and one PM (5.5 x 8 cm) were implanted onto the posterior layer of the rectus sheath. Wound healing was clinically assessed. Histology was assessed after 4 or 16 weeks. RESULTS MN was thinner and lighter, but weaker than PM. All wounds healed without complications. After 16 weeks foreign body granulomas in the MN group contained a higher proportion of inflammatory tissue (32.7 vs. 22.1%) and more giant cells (3.1 vs. 1.7/10 granulomas) with a significantly lower partial volume of foreign body (23.2 vs. 36.9%). Partial volume of fibrotic tissue was similar. MN was 1,000-fold cheaper than PM. CONCLUSIONS PM was superior concerning strength and extent of inflammatory response. However, the findings indicate that MN might serve as a cheap substitute if an alloplastic mesh is needed but no commercial one is available or affordable. Further studies are justified which should include mosquito nets of different materials and long-term outcome.
Collapse
|
78
|
Horisberger KE, Hofheinz RD, Muessle B, Findeisen P, Hochhaus A, Post S, Willeke F. Topoisomerase I expression in locally advanced rectal cancer as predictive marker for response to preoperative chemoradiation. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.14566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
14566 Background: In locally advanced rectal cancer combined modality treatment has become the standard therapeutical intervention. Preoperative downstaging is known as a predictor concerning lower local recurrence rate and probably better overall-survival. However, efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation is compromised in some patients by so far unknown factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate topoisomerase I expression as a potential parameter for predicting response to irinotecan-based chemoradiation. Methods: 15 patients with rectal cancer clinical stages T3/4 Nx or N+ were recruited to receive weekly neoadjuvant irinotecan (1 hour before radiation) and capecitabine as well as cetuximab with a concurrent RT dose of 50.4 Gy (45+5.4 Gy). Surgery was scheduled 4–6 weeks after the completion of chemoradiation. Samples of normal and tumor tissues of all patients were collected before neoadjuvant treatment. Initially, RNA-oligonucleotid-array of three patients (one good responder and two non-responders) was accomplished to show qualitatively different gene expression. To quantify the differences, real-time PCR of topoisomerase I was performed. Results: The differences of gene expression in the RNA-oligonucletoidarray were correlated to the clinical response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation as topoisomerase I showed a significant higher expression in the tumor tissue of the good responder before treatment (p<0.0001). PCR-analysis showed a relatively higher median expression of topoisomerase I in normal tissue (1.7 vs. 0.9; p=0.85) and in tumor tissue (1.5 vs. 1.3; p=0.36) of the subsequent good responding patients (n=10). Conclusion: Patients respond differentially to chemoradiation in terms of clinical response and gene expression shifts. The oligonucleotidarray results leads us to assume that response may be predictable. The preliminary results of PCR demonstrate that TopoI expression describes a valuable parameter for prediction of efficiency of irinotecan in advanced rectal cancer. The small number of patients may have caused the missing of the statistical significance. We are intending an extension of the PCR analysis to more powerful series based on the achievements of the current investigation results. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Collapse
|
79
|
Willeke F, Horisberger K, Kraus-Tiefenbacher U, Wenz F, Leitner A, Hochhaus A, Grobholz R, Willer A, Kähler G, Post S, Hofheinz RD. A phase II study of capecitabine and irinotecan in combination with concurrent pelvic radiotherapy (CapIri-RT) as neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2007; 96:912-7. [PMID: 17325705 PMCID: PMC2360100 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety data of a combination regimen using weekly irinotecan in combination with capecitabine and concurrent radiotherapy (CapIri-RT) as neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer in a phase-II trial. Patients with rectal cancer clinical stages T3/4 Nx or N+ were recruited to receive irinotecan (50 mg m−2 weekly) and capecitabine (500 mg m−2 bid days 1–38) with a concurrent RT dose of 50.4 Gy. Surgery was scheduled 4–6 weeks after the completion of chemoradiation. A total of 36 patients (median age 62 years; m/f: 27:9) including three patients with local recurrence were enclosed onto the trial. The median distance of the tumour from the anal verge was 5 cm. The main toxicity observed was (NCI-CTC grades 1/2/3/4 (n)): Anaemia 23/9/−/−; leucocytopenia 12/7/7/2, diarrhoea 13/15/4/−, nausea/vomiting 9/10/2/−, and increased activity of transaminases 3/3/1/−. One patient had a reversible episode of ventricular fibrillation during chemoradiation, most probably caused by capecitabine. The relative dose intensity was (median/mean (%)): irinotecan 95/91, capecitabine 100/92). Thirty-four patients underwent surgery (anterior resection n=25; abdomino-perineal resection n=6; Hartmann's procedure n=3). R0-resection was accomplished in all patients. Two patients died in the postoperative course from septic complications. Pathological complete remission was observed in five out of 34 resected patients (15%), and nine patients showed microfoci of residual tumour (26%). After a median follow-up of 28 months one patient had developed a local recurrence, and five patients distant metastases. Three-year overall survival for all patients with surgery (excluding three patients treated for local relapse or with primary metastatic disease) was 80%. In summary, preoperative chemoradiation with CapIri-RT exhibits promising efficacy whereas showing managable toxicity. The local recurrence and distant failure rates observed after a median 28 months are low compared with standard 5-fluorouracil based therapy.
Collapse
|
80
|
Kaehler GFBA, Sold MG, Fischer K, Post S, Enderle M. Selective fluid cushion in the submucosal layer by water jet: advantage for endoscopic mucosal resection. Eur Surg Res 2007; 39:93-7. [PMID: 17299266 DOI: 10.1159/000099597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2006] [Accepted: 11/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Numerous new techniques have recently been reported and described for the endoscopic mucosal resection of large superficial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. We present here for the first time the application of a water jet dissector for mucosa elevation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In an ex vivo study, the effectiveness of a water jet dissector (Helix Hydro-Jet) placed directly on the stomach walls of 8 pigs was examined to create a mucosal elevation. After having determined optimal pressures, angle of application, and application times, 13 submucosal fluid cushions were produced in different areas of the stomach walls of 8 pigs in vivo, and the sizes of the resulting submucosal cushions were measured. RESULTS Using pressures between 30 and 70 bar, it was routinely possible to create submucosal fluid cushions in the stomach wall ex vivo as well as in vivo. Histological examination showed a selective edema in the submucosa without damage to the deeper mucosal layers of the gastric wall. CONCLUSIONS The capacity of a targeted high-pressure water jet to penetrate the mucosa and selectively create a fluid cushion in the submucosa facilitates endoscopic resection of the mucosa. This new method could contribute to ameliorate the endoscopic treatment of mucosal tumors which previously could not be resected endoscopically due to their size, extent, or location.
Collapse
|
81
|
Leupold JH, Yang HS, Colburn NH, Asangani I, Post S, Allgayer H. Tumor suppressor Pdcd4 inhibits invasion/intravasation and regulates urokinase receptor (u-PAR) gene expression via Sp-transcription factors. Oncogene 2007; 26:4550-62. [PMID: 17297470 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor suppressor Pdcd4 has recently been shown to inhibit invasion by activating activator protein-1 (AP-1); however, little is known of the functionally significant Pdcd4-target genes. The urokinase receptor (u-PAR) promotes invasion/metastasis, and is associated with poor cancer-patient survival. The present study was conducted (1) to investigate a role for Pdcd4 in intravasation, invasion and u-PAR regulation, and (2) to describe mechanisms by which this is achieved. Fourteen cell lines showed reciprocal expression of u-PAR/Pdcd4. Resected tumor/normal tissues of 29 colorectal cancer patients demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between Pdcd4/u-PAR. siRNA-Pdcd4-transfected GEO cells significantly increased endogenous u-PAR mRNA/protein. A u-PAR-promoter-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT)-reporter was reduced in activity with increasing Pdcd4 expression in RKO. Deletion of a putative Sp-1-binding site (-402/-350) inhibited u-PAR promoter regulation by Pdcd4, this being paralleled by a reduction of Sp1 binding to this region in pdcd4-transfected cells. Pdcd4-transfected cells showed an increase in Sp3 binding to u-PAR promoter region -152/-135, the deletion of which reduces the ability of Pdcd4 to suppress u-PAR promoter activity. Surprisingly, the u-PAR-AP-1 site was not targeted by Pdcd4. Finally, RKO cells overexpressing Pdcd4 showed an inhibition of invasion/intravasation (chicken embryo metastasis assay). These data suggest Pdcd4 as a new negative regulator of intravasation, and qas the invasion-related gene u-PAR. It is the first study to implicate Pdcd4 regulation of gene expression via Sp1/Sp3.
Collapse
|
82
|
Nowak K, Kölbel H, Metzger RP, Hanusch C, Post S, Beck G, Gebhard MM, Danilov SM, Hohenberger P. Endothelgerichteter Therapieansatz mit Anti-ACE-Antikörpern an der isoliert ventilierten und perfundierten humanen Resektatlunge. Pneumologie 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-958894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
83
|
Willeke F, Horisberger K, Post S. [Neoadjuvant treatment of rectal cancer: towards an individualised therapy]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2006; 44:1053-63. [PMID: 17063435 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-927005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant radiation or chemoradiation followed by oncological resection is the current treatment of choice for locally advanced rectal cancer. Profound diagnostics are mandatory to stratify patients for neoadjuvant treatment or primary surgery. Here, magnetic resonance tomography most probably will become the standard modality due to its ability to predict involvement of the circumferential resection margin during surgery. While the initiation of chemoradiation in T4 rectal cancer and patients with distal tumours potentially undergoing sphincter-preserving surgery is unequivocal, the treatment of choice for the remaining patients is undecided. Here, short-term radiotherapy (5 x 5 Gy) competes with chemoradiation of different intensity. In surgical oncology, minimally invasive surgery of the rectum needs further evidence before it can be accepted as an equivalent. Finally, the increase in multimodality treatment will ultimately increase the incidence of late functional sequelae which, up to now, are underrepresented in most reports due to the priority of oncological results. Since responders to neoadjuvant treatment are the ones who benefit most from these therapies, research related to prediction of treatment response has a fundamental role.
Collapse
|
84
|
Willeke F, Assad A, Findeisen P, Schromm E, Grobholz R, von Gerstenbergk B, Mantovani A, Peri S, Friess HH, Post S, von Knebel Doeberitz M, Schwarzbach MHM. Overexpression of a member of the pentraxin family (PTX3) in human soft tissue liposarcoma. Eur J Cancer 2006; 42:2639-46. [PMID: 16959485 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Revised: 05/05/2006] [Accepted: 05/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A unique feature of human soft tissue liposarcoma is a stable (12;16)(q13;p11) translocation observed mainly in myxoid and roundcell liposarcomas. This translocation results in FUS/CHOP fusion transcripts with a corresponding oncogenic protein. We hypothesised that genes downstream of FUS/CHOP might serve as attractive candidates for novel tumour associated antigens. Among a panel of analysed genes, only pentraxin related gene (PTX3) demonstrated high expression in liposarcomas as compared to normal tissues. The analysis of RNA and protein expression demonstrated concordant results. However, the level of RNA and protein overexpression did not correlate in all cases. Finally, PTX3 expression was not related to presence of a FUS/CHOP fusion transcript within the liposarcoma tissues. PTX3 has been associated with adipocyte differentiation and now, additionally, is characterised by a markedly increased expression in human soft tissue liposarcoma. This finding mandates further research efforts to clarify the exact role of PTX3 in liposarcoma oncogenesis.
Collapse
|
85
|
Magdeburg R, Riester T, Hummel F, Löhr M, Post S, Sturm J. Ileus secondary to wireless capsule enteroscopy. Int J Colorectal Dis 2006; 21:610-3. [PMID: 16411112 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-005-0074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2005] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Wireless capsule enteroscopy, being a novel, painless investigative technique, is reported to be significantly superior to push enteroscopy in its ability to find bleeding abnormalities in the small intestine. Here we report a case of acute jejunal obstruction following wireless capsule endoscopy. The patient had a 1-month history of gastrointestinal bleeding of unknown source. Further evaluation including gastroscopy and colonoscopy, angiography and computed tomography (angio-CT), and radio-labeled erythrocytes scan failed to reveal a source of bleeding. Therefore, wireless capsule enteroscopy was performed. Before capsule endoscopy, there was no clinical or imaging evidence of strictures or stenosis. At readmission it could be shown that there were two inflamed strictures of the small intestine. The capsule was detected at a stricture of the small intestine detected by abdominal ultrasonography and conventional computed tomography. The patient underwent a medical treatment with steroidal and other anti-inflammatory drugs for a total of 23 days and was discharged without complaints. Acute laparotomy after readmission with jejunal ileus proofed the capsule occluding two highly inflamed jejunal stenosis caused by Crohn disease. The present case demonstrates the potential for complications when wireless capsule enteroscopy is performed in the presence of intestinal strictures. Any history of inflammatory bowel disease, abdominal irradiation, cancer, obstruction, and abdominal surgery must be elicited in detail and may exclude the use of wireless capsule enteroscopy.
Collapse
|
86
|
Abstract
Perianal impalement injuries with or without involvement of the anorectum are rare. Apart from a high variety of injury patterns, there is a multiplicity of diagnostic and therapeutic options. Causes of perianal impalement injury are gunshot, accidents, and medical treatment. The diagnostic work-up includes digital rectal examination followed by rectoscopy and flexible endoscopy under anaesthesia. We propose a new classification for primary extraperitoneal perianal impalement injuries in four stages in which the extension of sphincter and/or rectum injury is of crucial importance. Therapeutic aspects such as wound treatment, enterostomy, drains, and antibiotic treatment are discussed. The proposed classification encompasses recommendations for stage-adapted management and prognosis of these rare injuries.
Collapse
|
87
|
Samel S, Keese M, Lux A, Jesnowski R, Prosst R, Saller R, Hafner M, Sturm J, Post S, Löhr M. Peritoneal cancer treatment with CYP2B1 transfected, microencapsulated cells and ifosfamide. Cancer Gene Ther 2006; 13:65-73. [PMID: 16096652 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The prognosis of peritoneal spread from gastrointestinal cancer and subsequent malignant ascites is poor, and current medical treatments available are mostly ineffective. Targeted chemotherapy with intraperitoneal prodrug activation may be a beneficial new approach. L293 cells were genetically modified to express the cytochrome P450 enzyme 2B1 under the control of a cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter. This CYP2B1 enzyme converts ifosfamide to its active cytotoxic compounds. The cells are encapsulated in a cellulose sulfate formulation (Capcell). Adult Balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 x 10(6) colon 26 cancer cells, previously transfected with GFP to emit a stable green fluorescence, by injection into the left lower abdominal quadrant. Two or five day's later animals were randomly subjected to either i.p. treatment with ifosfamide alone or ifosfamide combined with microencapsulated CYP2B1-expressing cells. Peritoneal tumor volume and tumor viability were assessed 10 days after tumor inoculation by means of fluorescence microscopy, spectroscopy and histology. Early i.p. treatment with ifosfamide and CYP2B1 cells resulted in a complete response. Treatment starting on day 5 and single-drug treatment with ifosfamide resulted in a partial response. These results suggest that targeted i.p. chemotherapy using a combination of a prodrug and its converting enzyme may be a successful treatment strategy for peritoneal spread from colorectal cancer.
Collapse
|
88
|
Prosst RL, Willeke F, Schroeter L, Post S, Gahlen J. Fluorescence-guided minimally invasive parathyroidectomy: a novel detection technique for parathyroid glands. Surg Endosc 2006; 20:1488-92. [PMID: 16736312 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-005-0471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 01/18/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of normal and pathologic parathyroid glands often is difficult because of their variability in number and location. The feasibility and efficacy of a fluorescence technique for identifying parathyroids have already been proved in an experimental setting. This is the first report of human fluorescence-guided parathyroidectomy. METHODS A 72-year-old man with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent minimally invasive videoscopically assisted parathyroidectomy after photosensitization with aminolevulinic acid. Under special fluorescence illumination by the D-light, a unilateral directed neck exploration was performed. RESULTS The enlarged adenoma and an atrophic parathyroid gland could be identified rapidly and removed because of their intense red fluorescence. Surrounding structures such as thyroid, muscles, and soft tissue remained nonfluorescent and could easily be distinguished from the parathyroid glands. CONCLUSIONS The aminolevulinic acid-induced fluorescence technique represents a convincing visual detection method for intraoperative identification of parathyroid glands. The technique serves as an additional tool requiring only moderate technical and clinical expenditure for help in guiding dissection down to a preoperatively localized adenoma. When used together with preoperative ultrasonography and sestamibi scan, the fluorescence technique may justify a unilateral, minimally invasive approach for selected patients.
Collapse
|
89
|
Kaehler GFBA, Langner C, Suchan KL, Freudenberg S, Post S. Endoscopic full-thickness resection of the stomach: an experimental approach. Surg Endosc 2006; 20:519-21. [PMID: 16437279 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-005-0147-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoluminal endoscopic resections of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract have had increasing significance in recent years. Except for the extraperitoneal part of the rectum, endoscopic resections are restricted to the mucosal and submucosal layer to preserve the integrity of the GI tract wall. METHODS The SurgAssist is the first flexible stapling device consisting of a 2,000-mm-long flexible shaft and a stapling magazine that can be positioned intraluminally and used with a remote control. To prove the principle, we investigated the endoluminal application of an endoscopically assisted and intraluminally visualized full-thickness resection of the gastric wall in a pilot study of three pigs and a series of three human exenterates. RESULTS Full-thickness resection of the gastric wall in pigs can be performed with the SurgAssist flexible stapling device from an endoluminal access. However, due to the small lumen of the esophagus, the simultaneous transesophageal introduction of the stapler shaft and gastroscope is not possible in pigs. The same procedure in three human exenterates showed that the simultaneous introduction of the flexible stapler and a standard gastroscope could be achieved without damaging the esophageal wall. Full-thickness resections of up to 4 x 4 cm were carried out with the use of two or three stapler magazines. The resulting sutures were found to be airtight upon endoscopic inflation of the stomach. CONCLUSION The clinical use of the SurgAssist intraluminal stapling device for endoscopic full-thickness resection of the gastric wall seems applicable for lesions in suitable locations of the stomach. Gastrointestinal stroma tumors and T1 tumors of the lower gastric corpus and antrum region are possible indications.
Collapse
|
90
|
Wilhelm TJ, Refeidi A, Palma P, Neufang T, Post S. Hand-assisted laparoscopic sigmoid resection for diverticular disease: 100 consecutive cases. Surg Endosc 2006; 20:477-81. [PMID: 16432647 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-005-0522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 11/06/2005] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) has been proposed as a useful alternative to conventional laparoscopic and open surgery. As compared with conventional laparoscopic surgery, it offers the advantages of tactile feedback, better exposure, and a shorter learning curve. There is increasing evidence that HALS retains the advantages of minimal-access surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the feasibility as well as the short- and medium-term outcomes of HALS sigmoid resection for diverticular disease. METHODS The study included 100 consecutive patients between July 1999 and August 2004. Data were prospectively recorded. Follow-up evaluation was performed by standardized telephone interview after a mean postoperative period of 19 months (range, 2-55 months). RESULTS Two major intraoperative complications occurred: splenic laceration requiring splenectomy and ureteral injury requiring suture. There were only three conversions: one case of pararectal incision and two cases of extended lower Pfannestiel incision. There was no single case of conversion to midline laparotomy. One patient died postoperatively of myocardial infarction. The postoperative complications included intraabdominal hematoma (2%), anastomotic leakage (3%), wound infection (11%) and bladder dysfunction (1%). The reoperation rate was 5%. The median hospital stay was 8 days. In terms of satisfaction with the results, 97% of patients would choose HALS again. CONCLUSIONS When used for diverticular disease, HALS sigmoid resection has a low intra- and postoperative complication rate. The satisfaction rate among patients is high. Even in technically difficult cases, conversion to midline laparotomy can be avoided.
Collapse
|
91
|
Post S. Stand der Pankreaschirurgie und Anforderung an die Radiologie. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-940495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
92
|
Kaehler G, Grobholz R, Langner C, Suchan K, Post S. A new technique of endoscopic full-thickness resection using a flexible stapler. Endoscopy 2006; 38:86-9. [PMID: 16429361 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-921181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
There is a significant need for a safe and easy technique for endoluminal endoscopic resection of gastrointestinal lesions, but such procedures are usually restricted to resection of the mucosal layer in order to preserve the integrity of the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. We present two patients, one with early cancer and one with a carcinoid tumor, who were treated by endoscopic full-thickness resection. We used a stapling device, consisting of a flexible shaft, which was positioned intraluminally, and a remote control. After pilot investigations in pigs and in human anatomical preparations, we performed a full-thickness resection of the gastric wall in these patients, using the flexible stapling device under gastroscopic control. Gastric wall specimens up to 4 cm x 4 cm in size were resected with the use of two to three stapler magazines. Both procedures followed an uneventful course and the patients made an uncomplicated recovery. Further studies are necessary to test the applicability of the technique in the management of other gastric neoplastic lesions.
Collapse
|
93
|
Nowak K, Weih S, Hanusch C, Post S, Gebhard MM, Hohenberger P. Bradykinin, eine neue Option zur präischämischen Konditionierung der Lunge? Pneumologie 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-922248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
94
|
Post S, Urukova I, Tsotsas E. Interfacial convection during evaporation of binary mixtures from porous obstacles. AIChE J 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.10557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
95
|
Freudenberg S, Rewerk S, Kaess M, Weiss C, Dorn-Beinecke A, Post S. Biodegradation of absorbable sutures in body fluids and pH buffers. Eur Surg Res 2005; 36:376-85. [PMID: 15591748 DOI: 10.1159/000081648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2004] [Accepted: 08/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study measures the influence of body fluids on the loss of tensile strength of absorbable sutures in vitro. METHODS Nine synthetic absorbable sutures were incubated in different gastrointestinal fluids, as well as in blood and three buffers. Stretch tests were performed after days 0, 7, 14, and 21. RESULTS Tensile strength varied from 18.5 to 32.8 N, and elasticity varied from 9.5 to 51% of the initial length. The influence of pH, blood, and gastric juice was negligible on all sutures except PDS II. Except for Monocryl, all sutures, especially Polysorb and Vicryl, lost tensile strength much faster in bile, jejunal and pancreatic juices than in the corresponding buffers. CONCLUSION The biodegradation of sutures varies greatly in different body fluids independent of differences in pH.
Collapse
|
96
|
Willeke F, Tiefenbacher U, Hochhaus A, Wenz F, von Gerstenbergk B, Gnad-Vogt U, Horisberger K, Post S, Hofheinz R. Phase II trial of capecitabine and irinotecan in combination with concurrent radiotherapy for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
97
|
Neuhaus P, Oettle H, Post S, Gellert K, Ridwelski K, Schramm H, Zülke C, Fahlke G, Langrehr J, Riess H. A randomised, prospective, multicenter, phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine vs. observation in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.lba4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
98
|
Rewerk S, Post S, Willeke F. [Sonographic localisation procedures in hyperparathyroidism -- persistent hyperparathyroidism after removal of four parathyroid glands]. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2005; 26:146-149. [PMID: 15852179 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-812945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This case report will give an example for the necessity of performing an ultrasound examination of the neck before resection of the parathyroid glands. In end-stage renal failure a 38-year-old man developed secondary hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Four glands were removed. Two years later the patient revealed persisting HPT. At this point an ultrasound examination was performed and demonstrated a fifth parathyroid gland located inside the thyroid gland. The case illustrates the benefit of cervical ultrasound, even in cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism, prior to any cervical exploration.
Collapse
|
99
|
Nowak K, Kherad B, Weih S, Metzger R, Hohenberger P, Post S, Gebhard MM, Danilov SM. Immunotargeting am pulmonalen Endothel mit Anti-ACE mAbs Konjugate mit Catalase – Limitierung des Lungen-Ischämie-Reperfusionsschadens in vivo. Pneumologie 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-864281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
100
|
Freudenberg S, Mkony C, Wilhelm T, Nyawawa T, Kuhn C, Grobholz R, Post S. Atraumatic intracutaneous skin closure with self-made fishing line suture compared to commercial thread. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 81:348-52. [PMID: 15490706 DOI: 10.4314/eamj.v81i7.9189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to prove, whether the intracutaneous skin closure with self made fishing line suture is equivalent to commercial sutures. DESIGN It was a randomised blinded animal study. SETTING The study was performed in December 2002 at the Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences in Dar-es-salaam. SUBJECTS Both German surgeons from Mannheim, and Tanzanian surgeons from Dar es salaam operated on nine one year old Tanzanian domestic sheep. INTERVENTIONS 108 standardised cutaneous wounds on the backs of the animals were closed by intracutaneous sutures either with self produced fishing line suture or a commercial nylon suture (Ethilon). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The clinical and histological outcomes, as well as the costs of this self-made fishing line suture, with a commercial nylon thread were evaluated and compared. RESULTS There are no significant differences between the two sutures in histological or clinical findings, or in the reported ease of use by the surgeons. The cost of a self-produced atraumatic thread is US$ 0.12, less than one-twentieth of the cost of the commercial thread. CONCLUSION Self-made fishing nylon suture has characteristics and properties in sheep skin wounds comparable to commercial nylon suture. The advantage of the commercial thread is the guaranteed quality assurance. It is discussed whether this quality assurance justifies the large price difference, and whether the self-produced thread should be recommended to surgeons in countries where the costs of surgical material often remains an obstacle for life saving operations.
Collapse
|