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Duer M, Schmidt A, Pybus JR, Segarra EP, Hrnjic A, Denniston AW, Weiss R, Hen O, Piasetzky E, Weinstein LB, Barnea N, Korover I, Cohen EO, Hakobyan H, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Battaglieri M, Beck A, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Brooks W, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, Crede V, Cruz Torres R, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, De Vita R, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dupre R, Duran B, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Filippi A, Forest TA, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joo K, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Laskaris G, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, McKinnon B, Mey-Tal Beck S, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Mustapha B, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Patsyuk M, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Schmookler BA, Schumacher RA, Sharabian Y, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wang R, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zheng X. Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:172502. [PMID: 31107086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.172502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We measured the triple coincidence A(e,e^{'}np) and A(e,e^{'}pp) reactions on carbon, aluminum, iron, and lead targets at Q^{2}>1.5 (GeV/c)^{2}, x_{B}>1.1 and missing momentum >400 MeV/c. This was the first direct measurement of both proton-proton (pp) and neutron-proton (np) short-range correlated (SRC) pair knockout from heavy asymmetric nuclei. For all measured nuclei, the average proton-proton (pp) to neutron-proton (np) reduced cross-section ratio is about 6%, in agreement with previous indirect measurements. Correcting for single-charge exchange effects decreased the SRC pairs ratio to ∼3%, which is lower than previous results. Comparisons to theoretical generalized contact formalism (GCF) cross-section calculations show good agreement using both phenomenological and chiral nucleon-nucleon potentials, favoring a lower pp to np pair ratio. The ability of the GCF calculation to describe the experimental data using either phenomenological or chiral potentials suggests possible reduction of scale and scheme dependence in cross-section ratios. Our results also support the high-resolution description of high-momentum states being predominantly due to nucleons in SRC pairs.
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Roy P, Park S, Crede V, Anisovich AV, Klempt E, Nikonov VA, Sarantsev AV, Wei NC, Huang F, Nakayama K, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Avakian H, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brock J, Brooks WK, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carlin C, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dugger M, Dupre R, Duran B, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Filippi A, Fradi A, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston S, Joosten S, Kabir ML, Keith CD, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuleshov SV, Kunkel MC, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, McKinnon B, Meekins DG, Meyer CA, Mineeva T, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Payette D, Phelps W, Pierce J, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Raue BA, Ripani M, Riser D, Ritchie BG, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Seely ML, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Torayev B, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. First Measurements of the Double-Polarization Observables F, P, and H in ω Photoproduction off Transversely Polarized Protons in the N^{*} Resonance Region. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:162301. [PMID: 31075002 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
First measurements of double-polarization observables in ω photoproduction off the proton are presented using transverse target polarization and data from the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) FROST experiment at Jefferson Lab. The beam-target asymmetry F has been measured using circularly polarized, tagged photons in the energy range 1200-2700 MeV, and the beam-target asymmetries H and P have been measured using linearly polarized, tagged photons in the energy range 1200-2000 MeV. These measurements significantly increase the database on polarization observables. The results are included in two partial-wave analyses and reveal significant contributions from several nucleon (N^{*}) resonances. In particular, contributions from new N^{*} resonances listed in the Review of Particle Properties are observed, which aid in reaching the goal of mapping out the nucleon resonance spectrum.
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Tonielli F, Fazio R, Diehl S, Marino J. Orthogonality Catastrophe in Dissipative Quantum Many-Body Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:040604. [PMID: 30768302 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.040604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present an analog of the phenomenon of orthogonality catastrophe in quantum many-body systems subject to a local dissipative impurity. We show that the fidelity F(t), giving a measure for distance of the time-evolved state from the initial one, displays a universal scaling form F(t)∝t^{θ}e^{-γt}, when the system supports long-range correlations, in a fashion reminiscent of traditional instances of orthogonality catastrophe in condensed matter. An exponential falloff at rate γ signals the onset of environmental decoherence, which is critically slowed down by the additional algebraic contribution to the fidelity. This picture is derived within a second-order cumulant expansion suited for Liouvillian dynamics, and substantiated for the one-dimensional transverse field quantum Ising model subject to a local dephasing jump operator, as well as for XY and XX quantum spin chains, and for the two-dimensional Bose gas deep in the superfluid phase with local particle heating. Our results hint that local sources of dissipation can be used to inspect real-time correlations and to induce a delay of decoherence in open quantum many-body systems.
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Cohen EO, Hen O, Piasetzky E, Weinstein LB, Duer M, Schmidt A, Korover I, Hakobyan H, Adhikari S, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Avakian H, Ball J, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Beck A, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe W, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary BA, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, Cruz Torres R, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Duer M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fersch R, Filippi A, Ghandilyan Y, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Hafidi K, Harrison N, Hauenstein F, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston S, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Korover I, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, McKinnon B, Mey-Tal Beck S, Meyer CA, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Mustapha B, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Schmookler BA, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zheng X, Zhao ZW. Center of Mass Motion of Short-Range Correlated Nucleon Pairs studied via the A(e,e^{'}pp) Reaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:092501. [PMID: 30230869 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-range correlated (SRC) nucleon pairs are a vital part of the nucleus, accounting for almost all nucleons with momentum greater than the Fermi momentum (k_{F}). A fundamental characteristic of SRC pairs is having large relative momenta as compared to k_{F}, and smaller center of mass (c.m.) which indicates a small separation distance between the nucleons in the pair. Determining the c.m. momentum distribution of SRC pairs is essential for understanding their formation process. We report here on the extraction of the c.m. motion of proton-proton (pp) SRC pairs in carbon and, for the first time in heavier and ansymetric nuclei: aluminum, iron, and lead, from measurements of the A(e,e^{'}pp) reaction. We find that the pair c.m. motion for these nuclei can be described by a three-dimensional Gaussian with a narrow width ranging from 140 to 170 MeV/c, approximately consistent with the sum of two mean-field nucleon momenta. Comparison with calculations appears to show that the SRC pairs are formed from mean-field nucleons in specific quantum states.
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Kretz D, Hesser J, Glatting G, Diehl S, Wenz F, He W, Zheng L. Modeling sphere dynamics in blood vessels for SIRT pre-planning - To fathom the potential and limitations. Z Med Phys 2018; 29:5-15. [PMID: 30049550 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) the calculation of the 3D distribution of spheres based on individual blood flow properties is still an open and relevant research question. The purpose of this work is to develop and analyze a new treatment planning method for SIRT to calculate the absorbed dose distribution. For this intention, flow dynamics of the SIRT-spheres inside the blood vessels was simulated. The challenge is treatment planning solely using high-resolution imaging data available before treatment. The resolution required to reliably predict the sphere distribution and hence the dose was investigated. For this purpose, arteries of the liver were segmented from a contrast-enhanced angiographic CT. Due to the limited resolution of the given CT, smaller vessels were generated via a vessel model. A combined 1D/3D-flow simulation model was implemented to simulate the final 3D distribution of spheres and dose. Results were evaluated against experimental data from Y90-PET. Analysis showed that the resolution of the vessels within the angiographic CT of about 0.5mm should be improved to a limit of about 150μm to reach a reliable prediction.
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Gullans MJ, Diehl S, Rittenhouse ST, Ruzic BP, D'Incao JP, Julienne P, Gorshkov AV, Taylor JM. Efimov States of Strongly Interacting Photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:233601. [PMID: 29286689 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.233601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the emergence of universal Efimov physics for interacting photons in cold gases of Rydberg atoms. We consider the behavior of three photons injected into the gas in their propagating frame, where a paraxial approximation allows us to consider them as massive particles. In contrast to atoms and nuclei, the photons have a large anisotropy between their longitudinal mass, arising from dispersion, and their transverse mass, arising from diffraction. Nevertheless, we show that, in suitably rescaled coordinates, the effective interactions become dominated by s-wave scattering near threshold and, as a result, give rise to an Efimov effect near unitarity. We show that the three-body loss of these Efimov trimers can be strongly suppressed and determine conditions under which these states are observable in current experiments. These effects can be naturally extended to probe few-body universality beyond three bodies, as well as the role of Efimov physics in the nonequilibrium, many-body regime.
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Diehl S. Network session 2: Mannheim Molecular Intervention Environment (M2OLIE) – a physical and technological approach to minimally invasive intervention for oligo-metastasised patients. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2017-5042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hohenberger P, Kostrewa M, Kara K, Rathmann N, Manegold C, Tsagogiorgas C, Schoenberg S, Diehl S, Rößner E. P3.04-008 CATS: Computed Tomography-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery - A Novel Approach in Patients with Deep Intrapulmonary Lesions of Unknown Dignity. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2016.11.2123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wang X, Henzler T, Gawlitza J, Diehl S, Wilhelm T, Schoenberg S, Jin Z, Xue H, Smakic A. Image quality of mean temporal arterial and mean temporal portal venous phase images calculated from low dose dynamic volume perfusion CT datasets in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and pancreatic cancer. Eur J Radiol 2016; 85:2104-2110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Budjan J, Benck U, Lammert A, Ong MM, Mircheva M, Diehl S, Konstandin S, Schad LR, Krämer BK, Schoenberg SO, Haneder S. Renal Denervation in Patients with Resistant Hypertension-Assessment by 3T Renal 23Na-MRI: Preliminary Results. In Vivo 2016; 30:657-662. [PMID: 27566087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Renal denervation (RDN) has been considered a promising therapy option for patients suffering from therapy-resistant hypertension. Besides, in blood-pressure regularization, the kidneys play a fundamental role in sodium ((23)Na) homeostasis. This study assesses the effect of RDN on renal (23)Na concentration using (23)Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). PATIENTS AND METHODS Two patients with therapy-resistant hypertension underwent RDN. (23)Na-MRI, (1)H-MRI, including diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), as well as endothelial dysfunction assessment, were performed 1 day prior, as well as 1, 30 and 90 days after RDN. RESULTS The renal corticomedullary (23)Na gradient did not change after RDN for all time points. Additionally, functional imaging and retinal vessel parameters were not influenced by RDN. Results regarding blood pressure changes and arterial stiffness, as well as patients' clinical outcome, were heterogeneous. CONCLUSION RDN does not seem to alter renal (23)Na concentration gradients, as measured by MRI.
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Buerger C, Richert S, Lang V, Diehl S, Hattinger E, Kaufmann R, Wolf R. 095 Koebnerisin (S100A15) signals via mTOR in keratinocytes to control epidermal maturation in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shirsath N, Lang V, Diehl S, Kaufmann R, Wolf P, Buerger C. 357 Blocking mTOR signaling with rapamycin ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sieberer LM, Buchhold M, Diehl S. Keldysh field theory for driven open quantum systems. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2016; 79:096001. [PMID: 27482736 DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/79/9/096001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental developments in diverse areas-ranging from cold atomic gases to light-driven semiconductors to microcavity arrays-move systems into the focus which are located on the interface of quantum optics, many-body physics and statistical mechanics. They share in common that coherent and driven-dissipative quantum dynamics occur on an equal footing, creating genuine non-equilibrium scenarios without immediate counterpart in equilibrium condensed matter physics. This concerns both their non-thermal stationary states and their many-body time evolution. It is a challenge to theory to identify novel instances of universal emergent macroscopic phenomena, which are tied unambiguously and in an observable way to the microscopic drive conditions. In this review, we discuss some recent results in this direction. Moreover, we provide a systematic introduction to the open system Keldysh functional integral approach, which is the proper technical tool to accomplish a merger of quantum optics and many-body physics, and leverages the power of modern quantum field theory to driven open quantum systems.
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Diehl S. Chronische Ischämie – Interventionen bei femoropoplitealen Läsionen. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1581468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Diehl S, Zambrano J, Carlsson B. Steady-state analysis of activated sludge processes with a settler model including sludge compression. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 88:104-116. [PMID: 26476681 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.09.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A reduced model of a completely stirred-tank bioreactor coupled to a settling tank with recycle is analyzed in its steady states. In the reactor, the concentrations of one dominant particulate biomass and one soluble substrate component are modelled. While the biomass decay rate is assumed to be constant, growth kinetics can depend on both substrate and biomass concentrations, and optionally model substrate inhibition. Compressive and hindered settling phenomena are included using the Bürger-Diehl settler model, which consists of a partial differential equation. Steady-state solutions of this partial differential equation are obtained from an ordinary differential equation, making steady-state analysis of the entire plant difficult. A key result showing that the ordinary differential equation can be replaced with an approximate algebraic equation simplifies model analysis. This algebraic equation takes the location of the sludge-blanket during normal operation into account, allowing for the limiting flux capacity caused by compressive settling to easily be included in the steady-state mass balance equations for the entire plant system. This novel approach grants the possibility of more realistic solutions than other previously published reduced models, comprised of yet simpler settler assumptions. The steady-state concentrations, solids residence time, and the wastage flow ratio are functions of the recycle ratio. Solutions are shown for various growth kinetics; with different values of biomass decay rate, influent volumetric flow, and substrate concentration.
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Bourdon E, Schüller K, Diehl S. The role of clinical evidence in emergent therapies: an empirical study on femoropopliteal stent-angioplasty in Europe. J Eval Clin Pract 2015; 21:1066-75. [PMID: 26446576 DOI: 10.1111/jep.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVE A delayed availability of clinical evidence in rapidly emerging therapies is considered a major problem. In this study, we examined whether evidence from clinical studies has influenced the therapy of a major disease in industrial countries, peripheral arterial disease (PAD), using novel femoropopliteal stent-angioplasty. METHOD This analysis of retrospective time series data uses multivariate linear regression to investigate associations between published clinical evidence on femoropopliteal stent-angioplasty from Q3/2004 to Q4/2010 and the demand for femoropopliteal stents in Germany, France, Italy and the UK between Q1/2005 and Q4/2010, controlling for the prevalence of PAD risk factors, cardiovascular drug demand, reimbursement of health care providers for stent implantation, stent selling prices of manufacturers and economic indicators. RESULTS We did not observe any association of published clinical evidence with femoropopliteal stent demand in Germany, France, Italy and the UK, while we observed such associations for varying control variables at different time lags respectively. CONCLUSION We observed no association between published clinical evidence of femoropopliteal stent-angioplasty and its use in any of the four countries. The country-specific context and practice-related variables at a centre and individual doctor level may have limited the role of published clinical evidence in emerging femoropopliteal stent-angioplasty. More research is needed at this context, centre and individual level.
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Hohenberger P, Rathmann N, Menge F, Sadick M, Schönberg S, Diehl S. Abstract 3598: Selective internal radiation (SIRT) is most effective when comparing local treatment to control progressive liver metastases of gastro-intestinal stromal tumors beyond treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: The liver and the peritoneum are the main area of metastatic spread in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Liver surgery plays a minor role for hepatic metastases in comparison to f.e. colorectal cancer. However, once the metastases are resistant to 1st line TKI, surgery, 2nd line therapy, interventional ablation techniques like RFA or selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) are treatment options. We were interested to analyze the contribution of the different modalities in controlling hepatic progression.
Methods: 731 pts with biopsy proven GIST were followed since 2004 (median follow-up 43.6 months); data were prospectively documented. There were 337 males (46.1%) and 101 (13.8%) pts. presented with M1 disease initially. Of the remaining 630 pts, 358 pts (56.8%) developed tumor recurrence after a median time interval of 22 months. 312/358 pts (87%) developed metastases within the abdomen: liver n = 96, peritoneal n = 97, liver+peritoneal n = 78, locoregional n = 10, locoreg.+hep/per n = 21. Imatinib was the initial treatment in all patients with M1 disease.
Results: Out of 205 patients with liver metastases, 118 remained controlled by drug therapy or showed multi-site progression. In the remaining 87 pts., 26 pts each underwent liver resection or 2nd/3rd line drug therapy (sunitinib, regorafenib), 22 pts had RFA and 13 pts were treated by SIRT. Follow-up was done via dynamic MRI and contrast-enhanced (CE)-CT. The median hepatic-progression free survival (H-PFS) was 15.9 months (4-29) after SIRT (with 3 CR, 6 PR), however, only 5.6 (range, 2 - 13) months after 2nd line drug, 8.2 (3-15) months after surgery, and 7.7 (5-14) months after RFA, p<0.02.
Conclusion: 90Y radiation loaded particles (SIRT) provides the best hepatic progression free survival when compared to 2nd line drugs, RFA or even surgery in imatinib resistant GIST liver metastases. The effect could be mediated by eliminating small (subclinical, micro-) metastases. In patients known to have a GIST resistant to known TKIs, such as wildtype (non-KIT, non-PDGFRA mutated f.e. NF1-associated) lesions, SIRT could be used in earlier treatment lines.
Citation Format: Peter Hohenberger, Nils Rathmann, Franka Menge, Maliha Sadick, Stefan Schönberg, Steffen Diehl. Selective internal radiation (SIRT) is most effective when comparing local treatment to control progressive liver metastases of gastro-intestinal stromal tumors beyond treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3598. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3598
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Torfs E, Maere T, Bürger R, Diehl S, Nopens I. Impact on sludge inventory and control strategies using the benchmark simulation model no. 1 with the Bürger-Diehl settler model. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 71:1524-1535. [PMID: 26442495 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An improved one-dimensional (1-D) model for the secondary clarifier, i.e. the Bürger-Diehl model, was recently presented. The decisive difference to traditional layer models is that every detail of the implementation is in accordance with the theory of partial differential equations. The Bürger-Diehl model allows accounting for hindered and compressive settling as well as inlet dispersion. In this contribution, the impact of specific features of the Bürger-Diehl model on settler underflow concentration predictions, plant sludge inventory and mixed liquor suspended solids based control actions are investigated by using the benchmark simulation model no. 1. The numerical results show that the Bürger-Diehl model allows for more realistic predictions of the underflow sludge concentration, which is essential for more accurate wet weather modelling and sludge waste predictions. The choice of secondary settler model clearly has a profound impact on the operation and control of the entire treatment plant and it is recommended to use the Bürger-Diehl model as of now in any wastewater treatment plant modelling effort.
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Zou LJ, Marcos D, Diehl S, Putz S, Schmiedmayer J, Majer J, Rabl P. Implementation of the Dicke lattice model in hybrid quantum system arrays. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:023603. [PMID: 25062180 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.023603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Generalized Dicke models can be implemented in hybrid quantum systems built from ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond coupled to superconducting microwave cavities. By engineering cavity assisted Raman transitions between two spin states of the NV defect, a fully tunable model for collective light-matter interactions in the ultrastrong coupling limit can be obtained. Our analysis of the resulting nonequilibrium phases for a single cavity and for coupled cavity arrays shows that different superradiant phase transitions can be observed using existing experimental technologies, even in the presence of large inhomogeneous broadening of the spin ensemble. The phase diagram of the Dicke lattice model displays distinct features induced by dissipation, which can serve as a genuine experimental signature for phase transitions in driven open quantum systems.
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Diehl S, Henningsson E, Heyden A, Perna S. A one-dimensional moving-boundary model for tubulin-driven axonal growth. J Theor Biol 2014; 358:194-207. [PMID: 24956328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A one-dimensional continuum-mechanical model of axonal elongation due to assembly of tubulin dimers in the growth cone is presented. The conservation of mass leads to a coupled system of three differential equations. A partial differential equation models the dynamic and the spatial behaviour of the concentration of tubulin that is transported along the axon from the soma to the growth cone. Two ordinary differential equations describe the time-variation of the concentration of free tubulin in the growth cone and the speed of elongation. All steady-state solutions of the model are categorized. Given a set of the biological parameter values, it is shown how one easily can infer whether there exist zero, one or two steady-state solutions and directly determine the possible steady-state lengths of the axon. Explicit expressions are given for each stationary concentration distribution. It is thereby easy to examine the influence of each biological parameter on a steady state. Numerical simulations indicate that when there exist two steady states, the one with shorter axon length is unstable and the longer is stable. Another result is that, for nominal parameter values extracted from the literature, in a large portion of a fully grown axon the concentration of free tubulin is lower than both concentrations in the soma and in the growth cone.
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Budjan J, Appel E, Malkmus C, Nguyen T, Diehl S, Schoenberg S, Reis C, Bartling S. Eine neue Generation multimodal sichtbarer Embolisatpartikel: Automatisiertes Produktionsverfahren und erste Anwendung im Tierversuch. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Diehl S, Riester T, Schönberg S. Akute mesenteriale Ischämie (Zertifizierung: Modul A Spezialkurs). ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1373105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stannigel K, Hauke P, Marcos D, Hafezi M, Diehl S, Dalmonte M, Zoller P. Constrained dynamics via the Zeno effect in quantum simulation: implementing non-Abelian lattice gauge theories with cold atoms. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:120406. [PMID: 24724634 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.120406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We show how engineered classical noise can be used to generate constrained Hamiltonian dynamics in atomic quantum simulators of many-body systems, taking advantage of the continuous Zeno effect. After discussing the general theoretical framework, we focus on applications in the context of lattice gauge theories, where imposing exotic, quasilocal constraints is usually challenging. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme for both Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories, and discuss how engineering dissipative constraints substitutes complicated, nonlocal interaction patterns by global coupling to laser fields.
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Sieberer LM, Huber SD, Altman E, Diehl S. Dynamical critical phenomena in driven-dissipative systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:195301. [PMID: 23705715 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.195301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We explore the nature of the Bose condensation transition in driven open quantum systems, such as exciton-polariton condensates. Using a functional renormalization group approach formulated in the Keldysh framework, we characterize the dynamical critical behavior that governs decoherence and an effective thermalization of the low frequency dynamics. We identify a critical exponent special to the driven system, showing that it defines a new dynamical universality class. Hence critical points in driven systems lie beyond the standard classification of equilibrium dynamical phase transitions. We show how the new critical exponent can be probed in experiments with driven cold atomic systems and exciton-polariton condensates.
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Diehl S, Sadick M, Riester T, Huck K, Schönberg SO. Grafts - bail out oder geplant? ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1345960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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