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Ito M, Kamata M, Shimizu T, Uchida H, Egawa S, Takeshima R, Mizukawa I, Watanabe A, Tada Y. 400 308-nm excimer lamp ameliorates MC-903 induced atopic dermatitis with a reduction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin mRNA levels. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.09.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Asahara M, Ito N, Hoshino Y, Sasaki T, Yokomizo T, Nakamura M, Shimizu T, Yamada Y. Role of leukotriene B4 (LTB4)-LTB4 receptor 1 signaling in post-incisional nociceptive sensitization and local inflammation in mice. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276135. [PMID: 36264904 PMCID: PMC9584502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a potent lipid mediator involved in the recruitment and activation of neutrophils, which is an important feature of tissue injury and inflammation. The biological effects of LTB4 are primarily mediated through the high-affinity LTB4 receptor, BLT1. Postoperative incisional pain is characterized by persistent acute pain at the site of tissue injury and is associated with local inflammation. Here, we compared the role of LTB4-BLT1 signaling in postoperative incisional pain between BLT1-knockout (BLT1KO) and wild-type (BLT1WT) mice. A planter incision model was developed, and mechanical pain hypersensitivity was determined using the von Frey test before and after incision. Local infiltration of neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes was quantified by flow cytometry. Inflammatory cytokine levels in the incised tissue were also determined. Mechanical pain hypersensitivity was significantly reduced in BLT1KO mice compared to BLT1WT mice at 2, 3, and 4 days after incision. LTB4 levels in the tissue at the incision site peaked 3 hours after the incision. Infiltrated neutrophils peaked 1 day after the incision in both BLT1KO and BLT1WT mice. The accumulation of inflammatory monocytes increased 1-3 days after the incision and was significantly more reduced in BLT1KO mice than in BLT1WT mice. In BLT1KO mice, Interleukin-1β and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α levels 1 day after the incision were significantly lower than those of BLT1WT mice. Our data suggest that LTB4 is produced and activates its receptor BLT1 in the very early phase of tissue injury, and that LTB4-BLT1 signaling exacerbates pain responses by promoting local infiltration of inflammatory monocytes and cytokine production. Thus, LTB4-BLT1 signaling is a potential target for therapeutic intervention of acute and persistent pain induced by tissue injury.
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Shiraki A, Oyama J, Shimizu T, Node N. The DPP4 inhibitor linagliptin exacerbated heart failure due to energy deficiency via downregulation of glucose absorption and utilization in mice. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
It was reported that glucagon-like peptide-1 has cardio-protective effects, however, the occurrence of heart failure was increased with DPP4 inhibitor in some large clinical trials.
Purpose
The purpose of the present work was to clarify whether DPP4 inhibitor had any effects on chronic, dilated heart failure and to identify the mechanisms.
Methods
Heart / Muscle-specific Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD)-deficient mice, (H/M-Sod−/−) which exert dilated cardiomyopathy were randomized to receive low dose (1 mg/kg) linagliptin, HF-L group; high dose (10 mg/kg) linagliptin, HF-H group; mixed with food, or normal food, HF group; for eight weeks. Then, evaluation was performed in cardiac function and pathophysiological changes.
Result
Interestingly, the mice treated with linagliptin treatment exhibited shorter life span and greater heart/body weight ratio. Echocardiographic studies showed decreased contractility in the HF-H group with compared to the HF control group. In Sirius Red staining, severer fibrosis was also observed in the linagliptin groups. HbA1c levels did not change among three groups, however, glycogen content in the liver was significantly decreased in the linagliptin groups. Similarly, indirect calorimetry showed decreased carbohydrate consumption in the HF-H group compared to the HF control group, suggesting worsening of heart failure was due to unavailability of carbohydrates as an energy source. Therefore, we fed a diet containing 33 wt% glucose to the HF-H group as complementary experiments. As a result, adequate glucose supplementation reduced cardiac fibrosis and cardiac function, while worsened life span, HbA1c levels and CHO consumption were not changed. Therefore, we hypothesized that there might be a change in the absorption of glucose in intestine or utilization ability of glucose in body another experiments were performed. 13C, which was released from mice after the oral administration of 13C glucose and measured by respiratory gas analysis, was significantly reduced in HF-H mice. The measurements the amount of 13C in feces revealed increased levels of unabsorbed glucose by linagliptin treatment in HF. In addition, GLUT2, a glucose transporter, in small intestine, was downregulated in the HF-H and the HF-HG groups. On the other hand, the cardiac uptake of Deoxy-D-glucose, 2-[1,2-3H(N)] (3H-2DG), which was injected from mice tail vein, was not different between in the HF-H group and in the HF control group. Taken together, linagliptin treatment may inhibit glucose transport in intestine in HF.
Conclusions
Linagliptin treatment exacerbated heart failure, resulting in shortened life span, worsened cardiac function, and fibrosis of the myocardium. DPP4 inhibitor may promote the cardiac cachexia and exacerbate heart failure at least, in part, through modification of glucose absorption and utilization.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Nemoto N, Samejima Y, Takenaka H, Yaguchi T, Kameda Y, Shimizu T, Sahara N, Takenaka H, Nagashima Y, Anzai H. The impact of right atrium and left atrium reverse remodeling for functional regurgitation of atrioventricular valve among patients who were underwent ablation for atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a risk factor of Regurgitation of Atrioventricular Valve and Regurgitation of Atrioventricular Valve is improved after ablation for AF. However, Mechanism of improvement of Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and Mitral regurgitation (MR) after ablation for AF were unclear.
Methods
The one hundred fifty-seven cases consecutive patients who were underwent ablation for persistent AF were examined in this study. These patients were performed Holter ECG and Echocardiography 6 months after ablation for persistent AF. The area of the Right Atrium (RA), Left Atrium (LA), diameter of the tricuspid valve anulus and Mitral valve annulus, were measured by echocardiography at before and 6 months after ablation for AF. The reverse remodeling index (RRI) was defined as divided post area of RA and LA by pre area of RA and LA. The Improved group was defined as one or more than regurgitation grade improvements.
Results
TR improved in 56 cases (35.7%) of 157 cases and MR improved in 25 (16.6%) cases of 157 cases. The ratio of improved TR was significantly higher than ratio of improved MR (p<0.01). The difference in tricuspid annulus diameter before and after ablation for AF was significantly longer in TR improved group than in TR non-improved group. (4.9±5.3 mm vs 1.6±5.4 mm, p<0.01). The RRI of RA in TR improved group was significantly smaller than in TR non-improved group (0.73±0.19 vs 0.89±0.26 p<0.01). The difference in mitral annulus diameter before and after ablation for AF was not significant differences between MR improved group and MR non-improved group. The RRI of LA in MR improved group was significantly smaller than in MR non-improved group (0.79±0.22 vs 0.90±0.25 p<0.01). The RRI of RA was significantly smaller than RRI of LA among patients who were able to maintain sinus rhythm after ablation for persistent AF (0.79±0.23 vs 0.85±0.24 p=0.04).
Conclusion
Reverse remodeling of RA was higher than Reverse remodeling of LA among patients who were able to maintain sinus rhythm after ablation for persistent AF and Reverse remodeling of RA and LA were important factors of improvement of TR and MR after ablation for persistent AF. These results considered to be the cause why the improvement rate of TR was higher than the Improvement rate of MR after persistent AF.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Zhang Y, Li S, Uenaka T, Furuuchi K, Yonemori K, Shimizu T, Nishio S, Yunokawa M, Matsumoto K, Takehara K, Hasegawa K, Hirashima Y, Kato H, Otake Y, Miura T, Matsui J. Phase I Biomarker Analysis Results of MORAb-202 (Farletuzumab Ecteribulin) Effects on Vascular Remodeling and Immune Modulation in Patients With Ovarian Cancer. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01032-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kodera M, Ishihama K, Shimizu T, Funakubo H. Preferential growth of (001)-oriented Bi 2SiO 5 thin films deposited on (101)-oriented rutile substrates and their ferroelectric and dielectric properties. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15204. [PMID: 36076050 PMCID: PMC9458711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroelectric thin films are important because of their great potential for use in various electric devices such as ferroelectric random-access memory. It was expected that Bi2SiO5, a Si-containing ferroelectric material, would show improved ferroelectricity by targeting a film with the (001)-orientation (polar-axis) on the substrate. Although there was a narrow process window for the deposition of the (010)/(001)-oriented Bi2SiO5 thin film, it was successfully prepared on a (101)-oriented TiO2 single substrate using the pulsed layer deposition technique. The optimum film deposition conditions and film thickness were found, and in this material, the volume fraction of the (001)-oriented domain reached about 70%. By controlling film orientation to the polar axis, the remanent polarization value of this film was 4.8 μC cm−2, which is the highest value among reported Bi2SiO5.
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Rotow J, Yoh K, Powderly J, Shimizu T, Perets R, Paz-Ares L, Phillips A, Souers A, Ansell P, Jin J, Badawi M, Saab R, Morrison-Thiele G, Jeffries S, Neagu Aristide M, Carneiro B, Papadopoulos K. 1185TiP First-in-human phase I study of ABBV-637 as monotherapy and in combination in patients with relapsed and refractory solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Hamano F, Kuribayashi H, Iwagawa T, Tsuhako A, Nagata K, Sagara H, Shimizu T, Shindou H, Watanabe S. Correction: Mapping membrane lipids in the developing and adult mouse retina under physiological and pathological conditions using mass spectrometry. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102427. [PMID: 36054952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Kawana H, Ozawa M, Shibata T, Ohnishi H, Sato Y, Kano K, Shindou H, Shimizu T, Kono N, Aoki J. Identification and characterization of LPLAT7 as an sn-1-specific lysophospholipid acyltransferase. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100271. [PMID: 36049524 PMCID: PMC9587406 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The main fatty acids at the sn-1 position of phospholipids (PLs) are saturated or monounsaturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), and oleic acid (C18:1), and are constantly replaced, like unsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying the replacement of fatty acids at the sn-1 position, i.e., the sn-1 remodeling. Previously, we established a method to evaluate the incorporation of fatty acids into the sn-1 position of lysophospholipids (lyso-PLs). Here, we used this method to identify the enzymes capable of incorporating fatty acids into the sn-1 position of lyso-PLs (sn-1 lysophospholipid acyltransferase (LPLAT)). Screenings using siRNA knockdown and recombinant proteins for 14 LPLATs identified LPLAT7/ lysophosphatidylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (LPGAT1) as a candidate. In vitro, we found LPLAT7 mainly incorporated several fatty acids into the sn-1 position of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), with weak activities toward other lyso-PLs. Interestingly, however, only C18:0-containing phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were specifically reduced in the LPLAT7 mutant cells and tissues from knockout mice, with a concomitant increase in the level of C16:0- and C18:1-containing PC and PE. Consistent with this, the incorporation of deuterium-labeled C18:0 into PLs dramatically decreased in the mutant cells, while deuterium-labeled C16:0 and C18:1 showed the opposite dynamic. Identifying LPLAT7 as an sn-1 LPLAT facilitates understanding the biological significance of sn-1 fatty acid remodeling of PLs. We also propose to use the new nomenclature, LPLAT7, for LPGAT1 since the newly assigned enzymatic activities are quite different from the LPGAT1s previously reported.
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Maeno H, Suzuki-Horiuchi Y, Funakoshi A, Shimizu T, Satou Y, Ishii T, Seykora J. LB1004 miR-4521 is over-expressed in human lentigos and downregulates components of the autophagic pathway in keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yamamoto S, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Shimizu T, Shindou H. Profiling of fatty acid metabolism in the dorsal root ganglion after peripheral nerve injury. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:948689. [PMID: 35965594 PMCID: PMC9372306 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.948689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) induces neuronal hyperexcitability, which underlies neuropathic pain. The emergence of RNA sequencing technologies has enabled profiling of transcriptional changes in pathological conditions. However, these approaches do not provide information regarding metabolites such as lipids that are not directly encoded by genes. Fatty acids (FAs) are some of the essential lipids in mammalian organisms and are mainly stored as membrane phospholipids. In response to various biological stimuli, FAs are rapidly released and converted into several mediators, such as eicosanoids and docosanoids. FAs themselves or their metabolites play important roles in physiology and pathology. In this study, using a comprehensive lipidomic analysis of FA metabolites, 152 species were measured in the dorsal root ganglia of mice at multiple time points after PNI. We found that PNI increased the ω-6 FA metabolites produced by cyclooxygenases but not those produced by lipoxygenases or cytochrome P450 enzymes in the dorsal root ganglia. In contrast, ω-3 FA metabolites biosynthesized by any enzyme transiently increased after nerve injury. Overall, these findings provide a new resource and valuable insights into PNI pathologies, including pain and nerve regeneration.
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Matsuzawa N, Nishikawa T, Ohno R, Inoue M, Nishimura Y, Okamoto T, Shimizu T, Shinagawa T, Nishizawa Y, Kazama S. Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder initially diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor requiring combined resection of the rectum: a case report. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:185. [PMID: 35676716 PMCID: PMC9178902 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02662-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder (Pub) is rare and presents with clinical symptoms caused by catecholamine production and release. The typical symptoms of Pub are hypertension, macroscopic hematuria, and a hypertensive crisis during micturition. The average size of detected Pubs is approximately 3 cm. Herein, we report a case of a large Pub in which the symptoms were masked by oral medication, precise preoperative diagnosis was difficult, and intraoperative confirmation of tumoral adhesion to the rectum resulted in hypertensive attacks during surgery. Case presentation A 64-year-old Japanese male with a history of hypertension and arrhythmia controlled with oral medication presented with a large tumor in the pelvic region, detected on examination for weight loss, with no clinical symptoms. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor measuring 77 mm in diameter in the posterior wall of the urinary bladder. The border with the rectum was unclear, and the tumor showed heterogeneous enhancement in the solid part with an enhancing hypodense lesion. Cystoscopy revealed compression of the bladder trigone by external masses; however, no tumor was visible in the lumen. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration revealed CD34-positive spindle-shaped cells in the fibrous tissue, suggestive of a mesenchymal neoplasm. The tumor was suspected to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and surgery was performed. After laparotomy, we suspected that the tumor had invaded the rectum, and total cystectomy and anterior resection of the rectum were performed. Histologically, the tumor cells had granular or clear amphophilic cytoplasm with an oval nucleus and nests of cells delimited by connective tissue and vascular septations. Immunohistochemically, the tumor was positive for chromogranin A, CD56, and synaptophysin, and a diagnosis of paraganglioma of the urinary bladder was confirmed. There was no tumor recurrence at the 7-month follow-up. Conclusion This case highlights the importance of careful examination of pelvic tumors, including endocrine testing, for detecting paraganglioma of the urinary bladder in patients with a history of hypertension or arrhythmia.
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Shimizu T, Kawashiri SY, Morimoto S, Kawazoe Y, Kuroda S, Kawasaki R, Ito Y, Sato S, Yamamoto H, Kawakami A. AB0157 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF FILGOTINIB IN ACTIVE RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS WITH INADEQUATE RESPONSE TO METHOTREXATE: COMPARATIVE STUDY WITH FILGOTINIB AND TOCILIZUMAB EXAMINED BY CLINICAL INDEX AS WELL AS MUSCULOSKELETAL ULTRASOUND ASSESSMENT (TRANSFORM STUDY): STUDY PROTOCOL. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe administration of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors as well as biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs has dramatically improved even the clinical outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX). The dysregulation of JAK- signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways via overproduction of cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in the pathogenesis of RA (1). Filgotinib, a preferential JAK1 inhibitor, is effective in suppressing disease activity and preventing the progression of joint destruction due to inhibition of the JAK-STAT pathway. IL-6 inhibitors such as tocilizumab also inhibit the JAK-STAT pathways due to inhibition of IL-6 signaling. Thus, it should be desirable to investigate whether the effectiveness of filgotinib monotherapy is non-inferior to those of tocilizumab monotherapy in RA patients with inadequate response to MTX. In addition, it is important to accurately evaluate disease activity at the joint level by using musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) and clinical disease activity indices, including subjective parameters (2).ObjectivesThis study’s principal objective is to evaluate the effects of filgotinib monotherapy is non-inferior to those of tocilizumab monotherapy in RA patients with inadequate response to MTX. In addition, we will evaluate changes in patients’ parameters, including clinical disease activity indices, MSUS scores, serum biomarkers, patient-reported outcome (PRO), and modified total Sharp score (mTSS) after the administration of filgotinib or tocilizumab. Herein, we describe the study protocol for this study.MethodsThis study is an interventional, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group and non-inferiority clinical trial with a 52-week follow-up. In total, 400 RA patients with at least moderate disease activity during treatment with MTX will be included. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to administration of filgotinib 200mg/day monotherapy or subcutaneous tocilizumab 162mg/biweekly monotherapy switched from MTX (Figure 1). We will evaluate disease activity by measuring clinical disease activity indices and by using MSUS. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients who achieve an American College of Rheumatology 50 response at week 12. Important secondary endpoints are the changes from the baseline of the MSUS scores, PRO, and mTSS. We will also comprehensively analyze the serum levels of multiple biomarkers such as cytokines and chemokines.Figure 1.ResultsAlthough the study results cannot be shown because the research entry is in progress, they are expected to show the non-inferiority of filgotinib monotherapy to tocilizumab monotherapy in RA patients with inadequate response to MTX.ConclusionThe strength of this study is its prospective evaluation of therapeutic efficacy using not only clinical disease activity indices but also MSUS, which accurately and objectively evaluate disease activity at the joint level among patients drawn from multiple centers with a standardized evaluation by MSUS. In addition, we will evaluate the effectiveness of both drugs by integrating multilateral assessments, i.e., clinical disease activity indices, MSUS findings, and serum biomarkers.References[1]Gadina M, Le MT, Schwartz DM, Silvennoinen O, Nakayamada S, Yamaoka K, et al. Janus kinases to jakinibs: from basic insights to clinical practice. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2019;58(Suppl 1):i4-i16.[2]Colebatch AN, Edwards CJ, Ostergaard M, van der Heijde D, Balint PV, D’Agostino MA, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging of the joints in the clinical management of rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):804-14.Disclosure of InterestsToshimasa Shimizu: None declared, Shin-ya Kawashiri: None declared, Shimpei Morimoto: None declared, Yurika Kawazoe: None declared, Shohei Kuroda: None declared, Rina Kawasaki: None declared, Yasuko Ito: None declared, Shuntaro Sato: None declared, Hiroshi Yamamoto: None declared, Atsushi Kawakami Grant/research support from: Gilead Sciences, Inc.
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Kanaka S, Mizutani S, Yokoyama Y, Matsutani T, Chihara N, Katsuno A, Takata H, Nakata R, Mishima K, Wada Y, Shimizu T, Yamagiwa R, Haruna T, Nakamura Y, Hamaguchi A, Taniai N, Yoshida H. Periappendiceal fluid collection on preoperative computed tomography can be an indication for interval appendectomy: a retrospective study. World J Emerg Surg 2022; 17:30. [PMID: 35637469 PMCID: PMC9153096 DOI: 10.1186/s13017-022-00437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment strategies for acute appendicitis, such as emergency appendectomy (EA), interval appendectomy (IA), and repeating nonoperative management (NOM), are controversial. In this study, we examined the preoperative factors that can be used to distinguish which patients should undergo IA. Methods We retrospectively identified 902 patients who underwent surgery for appendicitis in our hospital from January 2010 to December 2021. Of these patients, 776 were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups: those with a periappendiceal fluid collection (PAFC) on preoperative computed tomography (PAFC-positive group, n = 170) and those without a PAFC (PAFC-negative group, n = 606). In each group, we compared patients who underwent EA and IA. Results In the PAFC-positive group, patients who underwent EA had a significantly higher postoperative complication rate than those who underwent IA (40.5% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.037). In the multivariate analysis, only the presence of PAFC was significantly associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications (odds ratio, 7.11; 95% confidence interval, 2.73–18.60; p < 0.001). The presence of PAFC alone was not significantly associated with an increased risk of IA or NOM failure (odds ratio, 1.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.19–11.7; p = 0.71). The rate of neoplasia on pathologic examination was significantly higher in the PAFC-positive than PAFC-negative group (7.6% vs. 1.5%, p < 0.001); the rate of carcinoma was also higher in the PAFC-positive group (2.4% vs. 0.17%, p = 0.02). Conclusions The presence of PAFC on preoperative computed tomography was found to be a risk factor for postoperative complications but not IA or NOM failure. It was also correlated with neoplasia as the etiology of appendicitis. Therefore, PAFC positivity is useful as an indication for IA.
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Ishizu A, Taniguchi M, Arai S, Nishibata Y, Masuda S, Tomaru U, Shimizu T, Sinko W, Nagakura T, Terada Y. OP0090 PRECLINICAL STUDIES OF A NOVEL CATHEPSIN C INHIBITOR IN MPO-ANCA-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS MODEL. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV) is a systemic small vessel vasculitis with the production of MPO-ANCA in the serum. This disease develops necrotizing and crescent glomerulonephritis (NCGN) and peritubular capillaritis-mediated interstitial damages in the kidneys, and pulmonary hemorrhage due to capillaritis in the lungs. Recent studies have revealed that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induced by MPO-ANCA are critically involved in its pathogenesis,1 and neutrophil elastase (NE) plays an essential role in the formation of NETs.2 Cathepsin C (CatC) functions as a key enzyme in the activation process of several neutrophil serine proteases (NSPs) such as NE, proteinase 3 and cathepthin G by converting the inactive forms of the NSPs to the active forms by digesting dipeptides at the N-terminus of the enzymes.3ObjectivesAlthough glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs used as the standard of cares can lead remission in MPO-AAV patients, there are remaining unmet medical needs such as severe side effects, resistance to the treatment and relapse. Therefore, development of new therapeutic strategies is awaited. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of MOD06051, a novel CatC inhibitor, against MPO-AAV, using an MPO-AAV rat model established previously.4MethodsIn vitro studies: Cathpsins and NE inhibitory activity was measured using recombinant enzymes and fluorescent substrates. Cellular NE activity in the granulocytes differentiated from the primary human bone marrow-derived hematopietic stem cells under the presence or absence of MOD06051 was determined using fluorescent substrates.In vivo studies: 4-week-old Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were immunized with human MPO according to Little’s protocol.4 The rats were divided into three groups (n=8 in each group), and vehicle (0.5% methylcellulose) or MOD06051 (0.3 or 3 mg/kg bid) was orally administered every day for 42 days. All rats were euthanized at the end of the study for serological and histological evaluations.ResultsIn vitro studies: MOD06051 inhibited the enzymatic activity of human recombinant CatC with an IC50 value of 1.5 nM, and no other cathepsins nor NE inhibition was observed at 10 μM. The NE activity in primary human granulocytes was suppressed by MOD06051 with an IC50 value of 18 nM.In vivo studies: MPO-ANCA was induced in all groups at the same level. The percentage of affected glomeruli including those with NCGN, NET-forming neutrophils in the peripheral blood and glomeruli, and glomerular neutrophil counts were significantly suppressed by MOD06051 treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, hematuria score, urinary NGAL (Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin), tubular erythrocyte cast counts, and pulmonary hemorrhage foci were significantly decreased in the 3 mg/kg of MOD06051 treated group with the similar trends in 0.3 mg/kg group.ConclusionMOD06051 showed sepcific inhibition of CatC activity. This compound suppressed the serine proteases activation in primary human neutrophils and NET formation in the MPO-AAV model rats, resulting in amelioration of MPO-ANCA-induced tissue destruction, including NCGN and tubular interstitial damages in the kidneys, and disorder of alveolar septal capillaries in the lungs. MOD06051 appears to be a promising agent for treatment of MPO-AAV patients.References[1]Nakazawa D, et al. Nat Rev Rheumatol 15: 91-101, 2019.[2]Papayannopoulos V, et al. J Cell Biol 191: 677-691, 2010.[3]Korkmaz B, et al. Pharmacol Ther 190: 202-236, 2018.[4]Little MA, et al. Am J Pathol 174: 1212-1220, 2009.Disclosure of InterestsAkihiro Ishizu Grant/research support from: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Mai Taniguchi: None declared, Suishin Arai: None declared, Yuka Nishibata Grant/research support from: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Sakiko Masuda Grant/research support from: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Utano Tomaru: None declared, Takafumi Shimizu Shareholder of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Employee of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., William Sinko Shareholder of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Employee of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Tadashi Nagakura Shareholder of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Employee of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Yoh Terada Shareholder of: Modulus Discovery, Inc., Employee of: Modulus Discovery, Inc.
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Shimizu S, Nagao Y, Shimizu T, Higashi Y, Aratake T, Zou S, Yamamoto M, Saito M. Aging exacerbates hypertension related testicular injury in rats. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shimizu T, Zou S, Shimizu S, Aratake T, Higashi Y, Yamamoto M, Saito M. Hydrogen sulfide has a role as an endogenous relaxation factor in the rat prostate. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Nagata K, Hishikawa D, Sagara H, Saito M, Watanabe S, Shimizu T, Shindou H. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 controls mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and survival of retinal photoreceptor cells. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101958. [PMID: 35452679 PMCID: PMC9136105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their high energy demands and characteristic morphology, retinal photoreceptor cells require a specialized lipid metabolism for survival and function. Accordingly, dysregulation of lipid metabolism leads to the photoreceptor cell death and retinal degeneration. Mice bearing a frameshift mutation in the gene encoding lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 1 (Lpcat1), which produces saturated phosphatidylcholine (PC) composed of two saturated fatty acids, has been reported to cause spontaneous retinal degeneration in mice; however, the mechanism by which this mutation affects degeneration is unclear. In this study, we performed a detailed characterization of LPCAT1 in the retina and found that genetic deletion of Lpcat1 induces light-independent and photoreceptor-specific apoptosis in mice. Lipidomic analyses of the retina and isolated photoreceptor outer segment (OS) suggested that loss of Lpcat1 not only decreased saturated PC production but also affected membrane lipid composition, presumably by altering saturated fatty acyl-CoA availability. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Lpcat1 deletion led to increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels in photoreceptor cells, but not in other retinal cells, and did not affect the OS structure or trafficking of OS-localized proteins. These results suggest that the LPCAT1-dependent production of saturated PC plays critical roles in photoreceptor maturation. Our findings highlight the therapeutic potential of saturated fatty acid metabolism in photoreceptor cell degeneration-related retinal diseases.
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Sakamoto T, Kaburaki M, Shimizu T. Nailfold capillaroscopy findings and systemic sclerosis. QJM 2022; 115:266. [PMID: 34048581 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Kakimoto S, Harada Y, Shimizu T. Oral stings by spermatophores of a squid. QJM 2022; 115:175-176. [PMID: 35135003 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Tokuoka SM, Kita Y, Sato M, Shimizu T, Yatomi Y, Oda Y. Lipid Profiles of Human Serum Fractions Enhanced with CD9 Antibody-Immobilized Magnetic Beads. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030230. [PMID: 35323673 PMCID: PMC8956076 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood samples are minimally invasive and can be collected repeatedly, but they are far from the site of disease and the target molecules are diluted by the large amount of blood. Therefore, we performed lipidomics using immunoprecipitation as a method to enrich specific fractions of serum. In this study, a CD9 antibody was immobilized on magnetic beads to enrich CD9-containing components in the serum for lipidomics. The percentages of phospholipids recovered from serum by methanol and isopropanol extractions were not significantly different, but triglycerides were barely recovered from serum by methanol extraction, requiring the use of isopropanol. However, once the serum was enriched with CD9 magnetic beads, triglycerides, and phospholipids were recovered at similar levels in both methanol and isopropanol extractions. Therefore, it is possible that the triglyceride fraction of the whole serum and the triglyceride fraction were enriched in CD9 magnetic beads differ in localization and properties. In addition, the variation per disease was small in general serum lipidomics; however, the difference per disease appeared larger when CD9 magnetic bead enrichment was employed.
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Hosono Y, Takahashi K, Shigemitsu S, Akatsuka Y, Akiya A, Akimoto S, Ifuku M, Yazaki K, Yaguchi A, Tomita O, Fujimura J, Saito M, Yoneoka D, Shimizu T. Assessment of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with childhood cancer survivor for long-term follow-up. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeab289.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Anthracycline cardiotoxicity is an important prognostic determinant in childhood cancer survivors (CCSs). That has been reported to improve with early therapeutic intervention, and because it is dose-dependent and progressive, early diagnosis and long-term follow-up are important. In adult survivors of cancer, the longitudinal strain (LS) is useful as a sensitive index of cardiac function. In childhood cancer survivors, strain abnormalities are also observed at both short-term and long-term follow-up. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) abnormalities are common during or early after chemotherapy, whereas changes in global circumferential strain (GCS) are more significant and consistent on long-term follow-up.
Purpose
In this study, we aimed to conduct a cross-sectional study using strain analysis in childhood cancer survivors of a wide age range to clarify the mode of progression of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and to identify useful indicators for long-term follow-up.
Methods
In total, 116 patients (median age: 15.5 [range: 4.7-40.2] years) with childhood cancer who had passed at least 1 year after chemotherapy with anthracycline, and 116 control patients of similar age. Strain measurements were assessed for longitudinal strain (LS) and circumferential strain at the apical, papillary and basal levels using speckle tracking imaging. Estimated value at 5, 15, 25 and 35 years old were mathematically calculated.
Results
Results were shown in tables and figures. Most of conventional echocardiographic parameters were not significantly different between CCCs and controls. LS, papillary CS and basal CS in CCCs decreased compared to normal controls at all age. The difference of estimated value between CCCs and normal controls in LS at all age were relatively constant. However, those in basal CS tended to increase with aging. Furthermore, basal CS in CCCs decreased with aging (r = 0.212, p < 0.001) and the duration after completion of anthracycline treatment (r = -0.244, p < 0.008).
Conclusions
In childhood cancer survivors, strain analysis is a more sensitive indicators of cardiac function than conventional parameters. In addition, basal CS may decrease most markedly over time and could be useful indicator in long-term follow-up. Longitudinal studies should be conducted in the future to improve the accuracy of predicting anthracycline cardiotoxicity. These are new findings regarding the decline in cardiac function in childhood cancer survivors. Abstract Figure. Relationship between age and strains Abstract Figure. Estimated values for each age group
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Valentine WJ, Mostafa SA, Tokuoka SM, Hamano F, Inagaki NF, Nordin JZ, Motohashi N, Kita Y, Aoki Y, Shimizu T, Shindou H. Lipidomic Analyses Reveal Specific Alterations of Phosphatidylcholine in Dystrophic Mdx Muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 12:698166. [PMID: 35095541 PMCID: PMC8791236 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.698166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), lack of dystrophin increases the permeability of myofiber plasma membranes to ions and larger macromolecules, disrupting calcium signaling and leading to progressive muscle wasting. Although the biological origin and meaning are unclear, alterations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) are reported in affected skeletal muscles of patients with DMD that may include higher levels of fatty acid (FA) 18:1 chains and lower levels of FA 18:2 chains, possibly reflected in relatively high levels of PC 34:1 (with 16:0_18:1 chain sets) and low levels of PC 34:2 (with 16:0_18:2 chain sets). Similar PC alterations have been reported to occur in the mdx mouse model of DMD. However, altered ratios of PC 34:1 to PC 34:2 have been variably reported, and we also observed that PC 34:2 levels were nearly equally elevated as PC 34:1 in the affected mdx muscles. We hypothesized that experimental factors that often varied between studies; including muscle types sampled, mouse ages, and mouse diets; may strongly impact the PC alterations detected in dystrophic muscle of mdx mice, especially the PC 34:1 to PC 34:2 ratios. In order to test our hypothesis, we performed comprehensive lipidomic analyses of PC and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in several muscles (extensor digitorum longus, gastrocnemius, and soleus) and determined the mdx-specific alterations. The alterations in PC 34:1 and PC 34:2 were closely monitored from the neonate period to the adult, and also in mice raised on several diets that varied in their fats. PC 34:1 was naturally high in neonate’s muscle and decreased until age ∼3-weeks (disease onset age), and thereafter remained low in WT muscles but was higher in regenerated mdx muscles. Among the muscle types, soleus showed a distinctive phospholipid pattern with early and diminished mdx alterations. Diet was a major factor to impact PC 34:1/PC 34:2 ratios because mdx-specific alterations of PC 34:2 but not PC 34:1 were strictly dependent on diet. Our study identifies high PC 34:1 as a consistent biochemical feature of regenerated mdx-muscle and indicates nutritional approaches are also effective to modify the phospholipid compositions.
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Yoshida J, Ohishi T, Abe H, Ohba SI, Inoue H, Usami I, Amemiya M, Oriez R, Sakashita C, Dan S, Sugawara M, Kawaguchi T, Ueno J, Asano Y, Ikeda A, Takamatsu M, Amori G, Kondoh Y, Honda K, Osada H, Noda T, Watanabe T, Shimizu T, Shibasaki M, Kawada M. Mitochondrial complex I inhibitors suppress tumor growth through concomitant acidification of the intra- and extracellular environment. iScience 2021; 24:103497. [PMID: 34934919 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The disruption of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a promising anti-cancer strategy, but its effective targeting for solid tumors remains unknown. Here, we investigated the anti-cancer activity of the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor intervenolin (ITV), which modulates the TME independent of energy depletion. By modulating lactate metabolism, ITV induced the concomitant acidification of the intra- and extracellular environment, which synergistically suppressed S6K1 activity in cancer cells through protein phosphatase-2A-mediated dephosphorylation via G-protein-coupled receptor(s). Other complex I inhibitors including metformin and rotenone were also found to exert the same effect through an energy depletion-independent manner as ITV. In mouse and patient-derived xenograft models, ITV was found to suppress tumor growth and its mode of action was further confirmed. The TME is usually acidic owing to glycolytic cancer cell metabolism, and this condition is more susceptible to complex I inhibitors. Thus, we have demonstrated a potential treatment strategy for solid tumors.
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Shimizu T, Hasegawa M, Ishihama K, Tateyama A, Yamaoka W, Tsurumaru R, Yoshimura S, Sato Y, Funakubo H. Large Piezoelectric Response in Lead-Free (Bi 0.5Na 0.5)TiO 3-Based Perovskite Thin Films by Ferroelastic Domain Switching: Beyond the Morphotropic Phase Boundary Paradigm. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:57532-57539. [PMID: 34813285 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Strong electromechanical coupling is observed in tetragonal Pb-free 0.7(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.3BaTiO3 films, which is far from the morphotropic phase boundary, prepared by pulsed laser deposition on a Si substrate. The tensile strain induced during cooling causes in-plane polarization in an oriented film on a Si substrate, while an epitaxial film grown on a SrTiO3 substrate exhibits out-of-plane polarization. S-E curve analysis reveals that the obtained piezoelectric coefficient for the film on the Si substrate (d33,f ≈ 275 pm/V) is approximately eight times higher than that for the epitaxial film on the SrTiO3 substrate (d33,f ≈ 34 pm/V). In situ X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the occurrence of domain switching under an electric field from in-plane to out-of-plane polarization. An effective piezoelectric stress coefficient, e31,eff, of ∼19 C/m2 is obtained from a Si cantilever sample, which is the highest among the reported values for Pb-free piezoelectric films and is comparable to those for Pb-based films. The significant piezoelectric response produced by domain switching in the Pb-free materials with the composition far from the morphotropic phase boundary will expand future applications due to their both outstanding properties and environmental sustainability.
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