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Wei Y, Xu P, Wei T, Chen L, Wang X, Li S, Guo T, Li W. Role of Manganese Doping TiO2 Hollow Spheres under Vacuum Ultraviolet Irradiation. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158421010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Dharmasena M, Wang H, Wei T, Bridges WC, Jiang X. Survival of Clostridioides difficile in finished dairy compost under controlled conditions. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:996-1006. [PMID: 33450103 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM The survival of Clostridioides difficile (previously Clostridium difficile) vegetative cells and endospores was compared at different levels of indigenous microflora using autoclaved and unautoclaved dairy composts with different moisture contents (MCs). METHODS AND RESULTS Both types of composts adjusted to 20, 30 and 40% MCs were inoculated with a suspension of C. difficile that contained both vegetative cells (c. 5-6 log CFU per gram) and endospores (c. 5·0 CFU per gram), and then stored aerobically inside a humidity-controlled chamber at room temperature 22·5 ± 0·8°C for 1 year. The level of indigenous microflora was very stable during the storage after day 7 in both types of compost. The greatest reductions of C. difficile vegetative cell counts occurred during the first 24 h of storage in autoclaved and unautoclaved composts, which had 4·7 and 5·5 log CFU per gram with 20% MC, 1·8 and 2·1 log CFU per gram with 30% MC, and 2·3 and 1·3 log CFU per gram with 40% MC, respectively. Both MC and the duration of storage have significant (P < 0·05) effects on the survival of vegetative cells for first 120 days of storage. The slow inactivation of C. difficile vegetative cells at higher MCs during aerobic storage was confirmed by exponentially decaying modelling data during the early stage of aerobic exposure. The reduction of endospore counts (<1·0 log CFU per gram) during the storage for both types of compost at all MCs was not significant (P > 0·05) except for the autoclaved compost with 30% MC. CONCLUSION The highly resistant C. difficile endospores to the unfavourable environmental conditions survived for more than a year while vegetative cells died off exponentially upon the initial aerobic exposure. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The long-term survival of C. difficile endospores in contaminated compost may transmit the pathogen to fresh produce, animals or water in pre-harvest conditions.
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Li X, Yang Z, Wang S, Xu P, Wei T, Zhao X, Li X, Zhang Y, Li Y, Mei N, Wu Q. Impact of shoulder subluxation on peripheral nerve conduction and function of hemiplegic upper extremity in stroke patients: A retrospective, matched-pair study. Neurol Res 2021; 43:511-519. [PMID: 33402052 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1870360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the impact of shoulder subluxation (SS) on peripheral nerve conduction and function of the hemiplegic upper extremity (HUE) in poststroke patients.Methods: Thirty post-stroke patients were selected (SS group: 15 patients, non-SS group: 15 patients, respectively). Evaluation of nerve conduction in upper limbs: the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and latency of suprascapular, axillary, musculocutaneous, radial, median, and ulnar nerves; the motor and sensory conduction velocity and the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude of median, ulnar, and radial nerves. The Brunnstrom stage scale was used to evaluate the HUE motor function.Results: Compared with the healthy side, the CMAP and SNAP amplitudes of tested nerves on the HUE in both groups were lower, and the CMAP latency of the suprascapular, axillary and musculocutaneous nerves on the HUE in the SS group was longer (P < 0.05). Compared with the HUE in non-SS group, the CMAP amplitude of tested nerves (except ulnar) was decreased more (P < 0.05), the motor conduction velocity of the median nerve was lower (P < 0.05), and the Brunnstrom stage of the HUE was lower in SS group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Stroke may lead to extensive abnormal nerve conduction on the HUE, and SS may aggravate the abnormality, which may disturb the recovery of upper limb function.
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Ye P, Wei T, Gao Y, Zhang W, Peng X. Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma arising from an odontogenic keratocyst: case series and literature review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2021; 26:e49-e55. [PMID: 33037806 PMCID: PMC7806341 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma arising from an odontogenic keratocyst (PIOSCC ex OKC) and comprehensively improve the understanding of this disease.
Material and Methods We retrospectively investigated five cases of PIOSCC ex OKC at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology. We also conducted a systematic review of studies on PIOSCC ex OKC by using online databases from their inception until February 2020.
Results In our series of five cases, all lesions were located in the mandible. Three cases (60%) showed recurrent OKCs and two cases (40%) showed primary OKCs. During the follow-up period, one patient died of local relapse. No patients developed metastasis. On the basis of our literature survey, we selected 22 articles reporting 29 patients with PIOSCC ex OKC. Seven of these patients (24.1%) showed local recurrence, three patients (10.3%) developed cervical metastasis, three patients (10.3%) developed distant metastasis (in the pleura in one case and in the lung in two cases), and seven patients died from the disease during the follow-up period. The disease-specific 5-year survival rate in the study group was 53.2%. Through univariate and multivariate analysis, local recurrence was identified as the only significant independent prognostic factor for survival (P < 0.05).
Conclusions The results suggest that PIOSCC ex OKC is a rare intermediate-grade malignancy. Although elective neck dissection is typically unnecessary, adequate therapy should be applied to achieve the lowest local recurrence rate possible to ensure a favorable survival rate. Key words:Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma, odontogenic keratocyst, prognosis.
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Huang JJ, Wei T, Lin JF, Guo LQ, Han WF, Han PY, Ye AQ. High-effective biosynthesis of baccatin Ⅲ by using the alternative acetyl substrate, N-acetyl-d-glucosamine. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 129:345-355. [PMID: 32091657 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Paclitaxel is a type of broad-spectrum anticancer drug in short supply. The price of acetyl-CoA (17 709 677·4 USD mol-1 ), which is the acetyl group donor for the enzymatic synthesis of the intermediate, baccatin Ⅲ, is still the bottleneck of the mass production of paclitaxel. This study reports a novel acetyl group donor, which could substantially reduce the cost of production. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, a substrate spectrum with 14 kinds of representative acetyl-donor substitutes predicted by computer-aided methods was tested in a 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ-10-O-acetyltransferase (DBAT) heterogeneous-expressed open-whole-cell catalytic system. The results of computer prediction and experimental analysis revealed the rule of the acetyl-donor compounds based on this substrate spectrum. N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (30·95 USD mol-1 , about 572 202-fold cheaper than acetyl-CoA) is selected as a suitable substitute under the rule. The yield when using N-acetyl-d-glucosamine as acetyl donor in open-whole-cell catalytic system was 2·13-fold of that when using acetyl-CoA. In the in vivo system, the yield increased 24·17%, which may indicate its cooperation with acetyl-CoA. CONCLUSION The success of open-whole-cell synthesis and in vivo synthesis of baccatin Ⅲ by adding N-acetyl-d-glucosamine as acetyl substrate demonstrates that it is a useful substrate to improve the yield of baccatin Ⅲ. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY All these findings provided a potential acetyl-donor substitute for acetyl-CoA, as well as a low cost and efficient method of preparing paclitaxel through baccatin Ⅲ semi-synthesis.
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Qi H, Wei T, Zhao W, Zhu B, Liu G, Wang P, Lin Z, Wang X, Li X, Zhang X, Zhu J. An Interfacial Solar-Driven Atmospheric Water Generator Based on a Liquid Sorbent with Simultaneous Adsorption-Desorption. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903378. [PMID: 31523873 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity is one of the greatest challenges facing human society. Because of the abundant amount of water present in the atmosphere, there are significant efforts to harvest water from air. Particularly, solar-driven atmospheric water generators based on sequential adsorption-desorption processes are attracting much attention. However, incomplete daytime desorption is the limiting factor for final water production, as the rate of water desorption typically decreases very quickly with decreased water content in the sorbents. Hereby combining tailored interfacial solar absorbers with an ionic-liquid-based sorbent, an atmospheric water generator with a simultaneous adsorption-desorption process is generated. With enhanced desorption capability and stabilized water content in the sorbent, this interfacial solar-driven atmospheric water generator enables a high rate of water production (≈0.5 L m-2 h-1 ) and 2.8 L m-2 d-1 for the outdoor environment. It is expected that this interfacial solar-driven atmospheric water generator, based on the liquid sorbent with a simultaneous adsorption-desorption process opens up a promising pathway to effectively harvest water from air.
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Tolaney S, Blum J, Bondarenko I, Chan A, DaCosta N, Feng YH, Izarzugaza Y, Kim SB, Liu MC, Oliveira M, Ow S, Pavic M, Peréz Lopéz M, Rugo H, Schwartzberg L, Stradella A, Kroll S, O’Connell J, Wei T, Mittendorf E. CONTESSA TRIO: A multinational, multicenter, phase II study of tesetaxel plus 3 different PD-(L)1 inhibitors in patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and tesetaxel monotherapy in elderly patients with her2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz242.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ma Y, Qiu FL, Wei T, Lin FF, Yan L, Wu H, Zhang Y, Pei LZ, Fan CG. Facile Synthesis of Polyaniline/Bismuth Nickelate Nanorod Composites for Sensitive Tartaric Acid Detection. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.3103/s106837551903013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shen C, Zhao YQ, Liu RB, Morgan D, Wei T. Enhancing wastewater remediation by drinking water treatment residual-augmented floating treatment wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 673:230-236. [PMID: 30991314 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the involvement of aluminum-based drinking water treatment residual (DWTR) as substrate in floating treatment wetland (FTW) to enhance its treatment performance was firstly proposed and trialed. A laboratory scale DWTR-FTW fed with synthetic wastewater containing COD, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and mineral salts was operated in three stages of unplanted (1-30 days), planted (31-60 days) and aerated (61-135 days) modes. The results showed that the average removal rates of COD, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) in stage 3 were 88%, 85%, and 90.2%, respectively, indicating the outstanding purification performance of DWTR-FTW in comparison of traditional FTWs. The embedded DWTR enriches the biomass and robustly adsorbs P, while aeration supplies sufficient dissolved oxygen for the microorganism. The results revealed that 7.022 g P was accumulated in DWTR, which is 400 times higher than that in sediment and plants during the experimental period, reflecting that DWTR adsorption is the major P removal pathway in DWTR-FTW. Overall, DWTR-FTW could significantly remove pollutants, especially P, and provide an alternative pathway to enhance purification performance of FTW.
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Sun AL, Li GJ, Wei T. [Effects of smoking cessation on the risk of hypertension: a meta-analysis]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2019; 99:2068-2072. [PMID: 31315379 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.26.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the effect of smoking cessation on the risk of hypertension. Methods: Literature search of PubMed, Embase, Vip and CNKI between 2001 and 2016 was performed to retrieve prospective cohort studies assessing the relative risks (RR) of smoking cessation and current smoking on hypertension. The pooled RR with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random effects models, and subgroup analyses were employed based on participants and study characteristics. Results: A total of 8 eligible prospective cohort studies with 70 130 participants and 21 238 incident cases of hypertension were retrieved. The individuals aged 25-84 years, among them, 53.64% (37 618/70 130) were men and the follow-up period were 4-14.5 years. The pooled RR of hypertension was 1.08 (95%CI: 0.94-1.20) for comparing smoking cessation with current smoking and the pooled adjusted RR was 0.91 (95%CI: 0.33-2.50) (both P>0.05). Conclusions: Smoking cessation did not increased risks of hypertension. Therefore, effective strategies are needed to encourage smokers to quit.
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Li J, Tyler C, Samson L, Wei T. Everolimus assay* with automated pretreatment for the dimension chemistry systems. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dharmasena M, Wei T, Bridges WC, Jiang X. Thermal resistance of Clostridium difficile endospores in dairy compost upon exposure to wet and dry heat treatments. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:274-283. [PMID: 31034124 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Thermal resistance of Clostridium difficile endospores in finished dairy compost was compared at 55 and 65°C under wet and dry heat conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS A three-strain cocktail of C. difficile endospores was inoculated into dairy compost to a final concentration of c. 5·5 log CFU per gram and the moisture content (MC) of the compost was adjusted to be 20, 30 and 40%. For the dry heat treatment at 55 and 65°C, the compost samples were placed in an environmental chamber, whereas for the wet heat treatment, the inoculated compost samples were placed in a tray submerged in a water bath. The MCs of composts were maintained well throughout the wet heat treatment while the dry heat treatment reduced the MCs of composts to <10% by the end of come-up time. During the come-up time, the log endospore reductions at a selected temperature were not significantly different in compost with three selected MCs, in each heat treatment. During the holding time, endospore counts reduced by <0·5 log CFU per gram at 55 and 65°C of dry heat treatment, whereas 0·7-0·8 and 0·6-3·0 log CFU per gram reductions were observed at 55 and 65°C in wet heat treatment respectively. CONCLUSION The recommended minimum composting guidelines were not sufficient to reduce C. difficile endospore counts to an undetectable level (five endospores per gram). Increasing the temperature of thermophilic phase to 65°C, and maintaining higher MCs of composting feedstocks have significant (P < 0·05) effects on the endospore inactivation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our study identified factors that significantly affecting the thermal resistance of C. difficile endospores during composting, and the results suggest the current composting guidelines need to be amended in order to reduce the dissemination of C. difficile endospores in agricultural environment.
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Wei T, Yang CJ, Chen M, Jia MH, Ma YL, Luo HB, Lu L. [HIV-1 gene subtypes among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in two border areas of Yunnan province]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 39:1617-1620. [PMID: 30572388 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the features of distribution on HIV-1 gene subtypes among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in the border areas of Yunnan province. Methods: A total of 233 newly reported HIV/AIDS cases aged 18 or more were consecutively included in the border counties of Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture (Dehong prefecture), Honghe Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture (Honghe prefecture) of Yunnan province from November 2015 to October 2016. HIV-1 RNA was extracted with pol and env genes amplified. HIV-1 gene subtypes were determined through phylogenetic analysis. Results: A total of 146 out of 233 specimens were genotyped successfully. HIV-1 was found to have had 8 gene subtypes in Dehong prefecture, with the unique recombinant forms (URFs) as the predominant (52.8%, 57/108) type, including 56.8% (21/37) of the cases with Chinese ethnicity and another 50.7% (36/71) were Myanmar citizens. Four HIV-1 gene subtypes were detected in Honghe prefecture, with CRF01_AE as predominant (71.1%, 27/38), including 81.0% (17/21) Vietnamese and 58.8% (10/17) Chinese. Differences on the distribution of HIV-1 gene subtypes were seen statistically significant between Dehong prefecture and Honghe prefecture (χ(2)=61.072, P<0.001). Conclusions: The distribution of HIV-1 gene subtypes showed big difference in the two border areas of Yunnan province, suggesting that both Chinese or non- Chinese citizens living in the area should be taken good care of, in terms of HIV/AIDS prevention and control.
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Fields C, Sheng P, Miller B, Wei T, Xie M. Northern Blot with IR Fluorescent Probes: Strategies for Probe Preparation. Bio Protoc 2019; 9:e3219. [PMID: 31428663 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Northern blot is a molecular biology technique that can detect, quantify, and determine the molecular weight of RNA. Recently, we published a protocol utilizing near-infrared (IR) fluorescent probes in Northern blot (irNorthern). Our method is as sensitive as other non-radioactive methods but is more straightforward and versatile. Additionally, we found that IR-labeled probes can be used to multiplex or detect different species of RNA at the same time. Here we describe three methods for generating an IR-labeled probe as well as how to perform irNorthern blot. In conclusion, our irNorthern protocol offers a convenient method for RNA detection.
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Miller BR, Wei T, Fields CJ, Sheng P, Xie M. Near-infrared fluorescent northern blot. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 24:1871-1877. [PMID: 30201850 PMCID: PMC6239192 DOI: 10.1261/rna.068213.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Northern blot analysis detects RNA molecules immobilized on nylon membranes through hybridization with radioactive 32P-labeled DNA or RNA oligonucleotide probes. Alternatively, nonradioactive northern blot relies on chemiluminescent reactions triggered by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated probes. The use of regulated radioactive material and the complexity of chemiluminescent reactions and detection have hampered the adoption of northern blot techniques by the wider biomedical research community. Here, we describe a sensitive and straightforward nonradioactive northern blot method, which utilizes near-infrared (IR) fluorescent dye-labeled probes (irNorthern). We found that irNorthern has a detection limit of ∼0.05 femtomoles (fmol), which is slightly less sensitive than 32P-Northern. However, we found that the IR dye-labeled probe maintains the sensitivity after multiple usages as well as long-term storage. We also present alternative irNorthern methods using a biotinylated DNA probe, a DNA probe labeled by terminal transferase, or an RNA probe labeled during in vitro transcription. Furthermore, utilization of different IR dyes allows multiplex detection of different RNA species. Therefore, irNorthern represents a more convenient and versatile tool for RNA detection compared to traditional northern blot analysis.
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Gong Y, Yang J, Liu F, Li Z, Gong R, Wei T. Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 is a potential therapeutic target in papillary thyroid carcinoma. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1361-1368. [PMID: 30574740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Given the pathological incidence of metastases or radioiodine-refractory papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is increasing worldwide, patients have little alternatives when choosing effective drugs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new therapeutic targets for PTC treatment. CDK7 is a member of the cyclindependent protein kinase (CDK) family, which plays an important role in various types of cancers. In this study, we found CDK7 were upregulated in PTC cell lines compared to normal thyroid cells using qRT-PCR and Western blot. Furthermore, using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay, we discovered cell growth ratio was positively correlated to the expression level of CDK7. Cell cycle analysis showed that the cells with higher CDK7 expression levels were prone to be in S phase. More importantly, we tested the inhibitory effects of BS-181 on CDK7 both in vitro and in vivo. Results obtained from this study indicated that BS-181 not only suppressed the cell proliferation in vitro, but also inhibited the tumor growth in nude mouse without changing mRNA and protein levels of CDK7. In conclusion, our study might provide a novel potential target for PTC therapy.
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Lambert LM, Pipinos II, Baxter BT, Chatzizisis YS, Ryu SJ, Leighton RI, Wei T. In vitro measurements of hemodynamic forces and their effects on endothelial cell mechanics at the sub-cellular level. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:064101. [PMID: 30473738 PMCID: PMC6226388 DOI: 10.1063/1.5028122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents micro-particle tracking velocimetry measurements over cultured bovine aortic endothelial cell monolayers in microchannels. The objective was to quantify fluid forces and cell morphology at the sub-cellular scale for monolayers subjected to steady shear rates of 5, 10, and 20 dyn/cm2. The ultimate goal of this study was to develop an experimental methodology for in vitro detailed study of physiologically realistic healthy and diseased conditions. Cell topography, shear stress, and pressure distributions were calculated from sets of velocity fields made in planes parallel to the microchannel wall. For each experiment, measurements were made in 3 h intervals for 18 h. It was found that there is a three-dimensional change in cell morphology as a result of applied shear stress. That is, cells flatten and become more wedge shaped in the stream direction while conserving volume by spreading laterally, i.e., in the cross-stream direction. These changes in cell morphology are directly related to local variations in fluid loading, i.e., shear stress and pressure. This paper describes the first flow measurements over a confluent layer of endothelial cells that are spatially resolved at the sub-cellular scale with a simultaneous temporal resolution to quantify the response of cells to fluid loading.
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Zhao H, Wei T, Li X, Ba T. Early life adversity induced third ventricular enlargement in young adult male patients suffered from major depressive disorder: a study of brain morphology. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 77:428-433. [DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2017.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wei T, Webb B. A model of operant learning based on chaotically varying synaptic strength. Neural Netw 2018; 108:114-127. [PMID: 30176514 DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Operant learning is learning based on reinforcement of behaviours. We propose a new hypothesis for operant learning at the single neuron level based on spontaneous fluctuations of synaptic strength caused by receptor dynamics. These fluctuations allow the neural system to explore a space of outputs. If the receptor dynamics are altered by a reinforcement signal the neural system settles to better states, i.e., to match the environmental dynamics that determine reward. Simulations show that this mechanism can support operant learning in a feed-forward neural circuit, a recurrent neural circuit, and a spiking neural circuit controlling an agent learning in a dynamic reward and punishment situation. We discuss how the new principle relates to existing learning rules and observed phenomena of short and long-term potentiation.
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Sheng P, Fields C, Aadland K, Wei T, Kolaczkowski O, Gu T, Kolaczkowski B, Xie M. Dicer cleaves 5'-extended microRNA precursors originating from RNA polymerase II transcription start sites. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 46:5737-5752. [PMID: 29746670 PMCID: PMC6009592 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22 nucleotide (nt) long and play important roles in post-transcriptional regulation in both plants and animals. In animals, precursor (pre-) miRNAs are ∼70 nt hairpins produced by Drosha cleavage of long primary (pri-) miRNAs in the nucleus. Exportin-5 (XPO5) transports pre-miRNAs into the cytoplasm for Dicer processing. Alternatively, pre-miRNAs containing a 5' 7-methylguanine (m7G-) cap can be generated independently of Drosha and XPO5. Here we identify a class of m7G-capped pre-miRNAs with 5' extensions up to 39 nt long. The 5'-extended pre-miRNAs are transported by Exportin-1 (XPO1). Unexpectedly, a long 5' extension does not block Dicer processing. Rather, Dicer directly cleaves 5'-extended pre-miRNAs by recognizing its 3' end to produce mature 3p miRNA and extended 5p miRNA both in vivo and in vitro. The recognition of 5'-extended pre-miRNAs by the Dicer Platform-PAZ-Connector (PPC) domain can be traced back to ancestral animal Dicers, suggesting that this previously unrecognized Dicer reaction mode is evolutionarily conserved. Our work reveals additional genetic sources for small regulatory RNAs and substantiates Dicer's essential role in RNAi-based gene regulation.
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Wang X, Ma T, Wang X, Zhuang Y, Wang X, Ning H, Shi H, Yu R, Yan D, Huang H, Bai Y, Shan G, Zhang B, Song Q, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Jia D, Liu X, Kang Z, Yan W, Yang B, Bao X, Sun S, Zhang F, Yu W, Bai C, Wei T, Yang T, Ma T, Wu X, Liu J, Du H, Zhang L, Yan Y, Wang D. Prevalence of pollen-induced allergic rhinitis with high pollen exposure in grasslands of northern China. Allergy 2018; 73:1232-1243. [PMID: 29322523 PMCID: PMC6033040 DOI: 10.1111/all.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of epidemiologic and physician-diagnosed pollen-induced AR (PiAR) in the grasslands of northern China and to study the impact of the intensity and time of pollen exposure on PiAR prevalence. METHODS A multistage, clustered and proportionately stratified random sampling with a field interviewer-administered survey study was performed together with skin prick tests (SPT) and measurements of the daily pollen count. RESULTS A total of 6043 subjects completed the study, with a proportion of 32.4% epidemiologic AR and 18.5% PiAR. The prevalence was higher in males than females (19.6% vs 17.4%, P = .024), but no difference between the two major residential and ethnic groups (Han and Mongolian) was observed. Subjects from urban areas showed higher prevalence of PiAR than rural areas (23.1% vs 14.0%, P < .001). Most PiAR patients were sensitized to two or more pollens (79.4%) with artemisia, chenopodium, and humulus scandens being the most common pollen types, which were similarly found as the top three sensitizing pollen allergens by SPT. There were significant regional differences in the prevalence of epidemiologic AR (from 18.6% to 52.9%) and PiAR (from 10.5% to 31.4%) among the six areas investigated. PiAR symptoms were positively associated with pollen counts, temperature, and precipitation (P < .05), but negatively with wind speed and pressure P < .05). CONCLUSION Pollen-induced AR (PiAR) prevalence in the investigated region is extremely high due to high seasonal pollen exposure, which was influenced by local environmental and climate conditions.
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Wei T, Li X, Li J, Zhou L, Zhu S, Zhu J. Interfacial solar vapor generation. CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN-CHINESE 2018. [DOI: 10.1360/n972018-00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pei LZ, Wei T, Lin N, Zhang H, Fan CG. Bismuth Tellurate Nanospheres and Electrochemical Behaviors of L-Cysteine at the Nanospheres Modified Electrode. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s102319351711012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Feng X, Weng C, Wei T, Sun J, Huang F, Yu P, Qi M. Two EDA gene mutations in chinese patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:e324-e326. [PMID: 29444360 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lin FF, Wei T, An DH, Wang WL, Pei LZ. Li Doped Bismuth Oxide Nanorods for Electrochemical Detection of Tartaric Acid. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375518020096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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