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Saigusa M, Sakurai S, Akamatsu T, Yamamoto A, Shishido Y, Akita T, Morita S, Asada K, Shirai T, Eto T. 184P: The efficacy and safety of amrubicin in non-small-cell lung cancer patients beyond third-line therapy. J Thorac Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(16)30294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Suthabanditpong W, Takai C, Fuji M, Buntem R, Shirai T. Studies of optical properties of UV-cured acrylate films modified with spherical silica nanoparticles. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Suthabanditpong W, Tani M, Takai C, Fuji M, Buntem R, Shirai T. Facile fabrication of light diffuser films based on hollow silica nanoparticles as fillers. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Thompson RL, Patra PK, Chevallier F, Maksyutov S, Law RM, Ziehn T, van der Laan-Luijkx IT, Peters W, Ganshin A, Zhuravlev R, Maki T, Nakamura T, Shirai T, Ishizawa M, Saeki T, Machida T, Poulter B, Canadell JG, Ciais P. Top-down assessment of the Asian carbon budget since the mid 1990s. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10724. [PMID: 26911442 PMCID: PMC4773423 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is the principal driver of anthropogenic climate change. Asia is an important region for the global carbon budget, with 4 of the world's 10 largest national emitters of CO2. Using an ensemble of seven atmospheric inverse systems, we estimated land biosphere fluxes (natural, land-use change and fires) based on atmospheric observations of CO2 concentration. The Asian land biosphere was a net sink of −0.46 (−0.70–0.24) PgC per year (median and range) for 1996–2012 and was mostly located in East Asia, while in South and Southeast Asia the land biosphere was close to carbon neutral. In East Asia, the annual CO2 sink increased between 1996–2001 and 2008–2012 by 0.56 (0.30–0.81) PgC, accounting for ∼35% of the increase in the global land biosphere sink. Uncertainty in the fossil fuel emissions contributes significantly (32%) to the uncertainty in land biosphere sink change. Land biosphere uptake of carbon is important in mitigating the anthropogenic increase in atmospheric CO2 and its climate forcing. Here, the authors show that land biosphere uptake of carbon in Asia has increased substantially since the mid 1990s, likely owing to reforestation and regional climate change.
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Teramura H, Sasaki K, Oshima T, Matsuda F, Okamoto M, Shirai T, Kawaguchi H, Ogino C, Hirano K, Sazuka T, Kitano H, Kikuchi J, Kondo A. Organosolv pretreatment of sorghum bagasse using a low concentration of hydrophobic solvents such as 1-butanol or 1-pentanol. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2016; 9:27. [PMID: 26839590 PMCID: PMC4736640 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary components of lignocellulosic biomass such as sorghum bagasse are cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Each component can be utilized as a sustainable resource for producing biofuels and bio-based products. However, due to their complicated structures, fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass components is required. Organosolv pretreatment is an attractive method for this purpose. However, as organosolv pretreatment uses high concentrations of organic solvents (>50 %), decreasing the concentration necessary for fractionation would help reduce processing costs. In this study, we sought to identify organic solvents capable of efficiently fractionating sorghum bagasse components at low concentrations. RESULTS Five alcohols (ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, and 1-pentanol) were used for organosolv pretreatment of sorghum bagasse at a concentration of 12.5 %. Sulfuric acid (1 %) was used as a catalyst. With 1-butanol and 1-pentanol, three fractions (black liquor, liquid fraction containing xylose, and cellulose-enriched solid fraction) were obtained after pretreatment. Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis revealed that the lignin aromatic components of raw sorghum bagasse were concentrated in the black liquor fraction, although the major lignin side-chain (β-O-4 linkage) was lost. Pretreatment with 1-butanol or 1-pentanol effectively removed p-coumarate, some guaiacyl, and syringyl. Compared with using no solvent, pretreatment with 1-butanol or 1-pentanol resulted in two-fold greater ethanol production from the solid fraction by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that a low concentration (12.5 %) of a highly hydrophobic solvent such as 1-butanol or 1-pentanol can be used to separate the black liquor from the solid and liquid fractions. The efficient delignification and visible separation of the lignin-rich fraction possible with this method simplify the fractionation of sorghum bagasse.
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Shirai T, Osanai T, Kondo A. Designing intracellular metabolism for production of target compounds by introducing a heterologous metabolic reaction based on a Synechosystis sp. 6803 genome-scale model. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:13. [PMID: 26783098 PMCID: PMC4717628 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Designing optimal intracellular metabolism is essential for using microorganisms to produce useful compounds. Computerized calculations for flux balance analysis utilizing a genome-scale model have been performed for such designs. Many genome-scale models have been developed for different microorganisms. However, optimal designs of intracellular metabolism aimed at producing a useful compound often utilize metabolic reactions of only the host microbial cells. In the present study, we added reactions other than the metabolic reactions with Synechosystis sp. 6803 as a host to its genome-scale model, and constructed a metabolic model of hybrid cells (SyHyMeP) using computerized analysis. Using this model provided a metabolic design that improves the theoretical yield of succinic acid, which is a useful compound. Results Constructing the SyHyMeP model enabled new metabolic designs for producing useful compounds. In the present study, we developed a metabolic design that allowed for improved theoretical yield in the production of succinic acid during glycogen metabolism by Synechosystis sp. 6803. The theoretical yield of succinic acid production using a genome-scale model of these cells was 1.00 mol/mol-glucose, but use of the SyHyMeP model enabled a metabolic design with which a 33 % increase in theoretical yield is expected due to the introduction of isocitrate lyase, adding activations of endogenous tree reactions via D-glycerate in Synechosystis sp. 6803. Conclusions The SyHyMeP model developed in this study has provided a new metabolic design that is not restricted only to the metabolic reactions of individual microbial cells. The concept of construction of this model requires only replacement of the genome-scale model of the host microbial cells and can thus be applied to various useful microorganisms for metabolic design to produce compounds. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0416-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Suthabanditpong W, Takai C, Fuji M, Buntem R, Shirai T. Improved optical properties of silica/UV-cured polymer composite films made of hollow silica nanoparticles with a hierarchical structure for light diffuser film applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:16293-301. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01005a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study successfully improved the optical properties of silica/UV-cured polymer composite films made of hollow silica nanoparticles having a hierarchical structure.
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Noda S, Shirai T, Oyama S, Kondo A. Metabolic design of a platform Escherichia coli strain producing various chorismate derivatives. Metab Eng 2015; 33:119-129. [PMID: 26654797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic metabolic pathway suitable for the production of chorismate derivatives was designed in Escherichia coli. An L-phenylalanine-overproducing E. coli strain was engineered to enhance the availability of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), which is a key precursor in the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds in microbes. Two major reactions converting PEP to pyruvate were inactivated. Using this modified E.coli as a base strain, we tested our system by carrying out the production of salicylate, a high-demand aromatic chemical. The titer of salicylate reached 11.5 g/L in batch culture after 48 h cultivation in a 2-liter jar fermentor, and the yield from glucose as the sole carbon source exceeded 40% (mol/mol). In this test case, we found that pyruvate was synthesized primarily via salicylate formation and the reaction converting oxaloacetate to pyruvate. In order to demonstrate the generality of our designed strain, we employed this platform for the production of each of 7 different chorismate derivatives. Each of these industrially important chemicals was successfully produced to levels of 1-3g/L in test tube-scale culture.
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Osanai T, Shirai T, Iijima H, Nakaya Y, Okamoto M, Kondo A, Hirai MY. Genetic manipulation of a metabolic enzyme and a transcriptional regulator increasing succinate excretion from unicellular cyanobacterium. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1064. [PMID: 26500619 PMCID: PMC4594341 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate is a building block compound that the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has declared as important in biorefineries, and it is widely used as a commodity chemical. Here, we identified the two genes increasing succinate production of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Succinate was excreted under dark, anaerobic conditions, and its production level increased by knocking out ackA, which encodes an acetate kinase, and by overexpressing sigE, which encodes an RNA polymerase sigma factor. Glycogen catabolism and organic acid biosynthesis were enhanced in the mutant lacking ackA and overexpressing sigE, leading to an increase in succinate production reaching five times of the wild-type levels. Our genetic and metabolomic analyses thus demonstrated the effect of genetic manipulation of a metabolic enzyme and a transcriptional regulator on succinate excretion from this cyanobacterium with the data based on metabolomic technique.
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Hirahara T, Shirai T, Hajiri T, Matsunami M, Tanaka K, Kimura S, Hasegawa S, Kobayashi K. Role of Quantum and Surface-State Effects in the Bulk Fermi-Level Position of Ultrathin Bi Films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:106803. [PMID: 26382694 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.106803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We performed high-resolution photon-energy and polarization-dependent ARPES measurements on ultrathin Bi(111) films [6-180 bilayers (BL), 2.5-70 nm thick] formed on Si(111). In addition to the extensively studied surface states (SSs), the edge of the bulk valence band was clearly measured by using S-polarized light. We found direct evidence that this valence band edge, which forms a hole pocket in the bulk Bi crystal, does not cross the Fermi level for the 180 BL thick film. This is consistent with the predicted semimetal-to-semiconductor transition due to the quantum-size effect [V.B. Sandomirskii, Sov. Phys. JETP 25, 101 (1967)]. However, it became metallic again when the film thickness was decreased (below 30 BL). A plausible explanation for this phenomenon is the modification of the charge neutrality condition due to the size effect of the SSs.
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Iijima H, Shirai T, Okamoto M, Kondo A, Hirai MY, Osanai T. Changes in primary metabolism under light and dark conditions in response to overproduction of a response regulator RpaA in the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:888. [PMID: 26379657 PMCID: PMC4549654 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the primary metabolism of cyanobacteria in response to light conditions is important for environmental biology because cyanobacteria are widely distributed among various ecological niches. Cyanobacteria uniquely possess circadian rhythms, with central oscillators consisting from three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. The two-component histidine kinase SasA/Hik8 and response regulator RpaA transduce the circadian signal from KaiABC to control gene expression. Here, we generated a strain overexpressing rpaA in a unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The rpaA-overexpressing strain showed pleiotropic phenotypes, including slower growth, aberrant degradation of an RNA polymerase sigma factor SigE after the light-to-dark transition, and higher accumulation of sugar catabolic enzyme transcripts under dark conditions. Metabolome analysis revealed delayed glycogen degradation, decreased sugar phosphates and organic acids in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and increased amino acids under dark conditions. The current results demonstrate that in this cyanobacterium, RpaA is a regulator of primary metabolism and involved in adaptation to changes in light conditions.
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Sasaki K, Okamoto M, Shirai T, Tsuge Y, Teramura H, Sasaki D, Kawaguchi H, Hasunuma T, Ogino C, Matsuda F, Kikuchi J, Kondo A. Precipitate obtained following membrane separation of hydrothermally pretreated rice straw liquid revealed by 2D NMR to have high lignin content. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:88. [PMID: 26101546 PMCID: PMC4476084 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydrothermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass such as rice straw can dissolve part of the lignin and hemicellulose into a liquid fraction, thus facilitating enzyme accessibility to cellulose in bioethanol production process. Lignin is awaited to be recovered after hydrothermal pretreatment for utilization as value-added chemical, and lignin recovery also means removal of fermentation inhibitors. To recover lignin with high content from the liquid fraction, it is necessary to separate lignin and hemicellulose-derived polysaccharide. Therefore, the following processes were applied: membrane separation with nanofiltration (NF) and enzymatic hydrolysis by hemicellulase. To clarify lignin-concentrated fraction obtained during these processes, the fates of lignin and polysaccharide components were pursued by a solution NMR method and confirmed by compositional analysis of each fraction. RESULTS After hydrothermal pretreatment of rice straw, the NF concentrate of the supernatant of liquid fraction was hydrolyzed by hemicellulase and the resulting black precipitate was recovered. In this black precipitate, the intensity of NMR spectra related to lignin aromatic regions increased and those related to polysaccharides decreased, compared to rice straw, the solid fraction after hydrothermal pretreatment, and the NF concentrate. The lignin content of the black precipitate was 65.8 %. Lignin in the black precipitate included 52.9 % of the acid-insoluble lignin and 19.4 % of the soluble lignin in the NF concentrate of supernatant of liquid fraction. CONCLUSION A precipitate with high lignin content was obtained from supernatants of the liquid fraction. These results suggested that precipitation of lignin was enhanced from concentrated mixtures of lignin and hemicellulosic polysaccharides by hydrolyzing the polysaccharides. Precipitation of lignin can contribute to lignin recovery from lignocellulosic biomass and, at the same time, allow more efficient ethanol production in the subsequent fermentation process.
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Teramura H, Sasaki K, Oshima T, Aikawa S, Matsuda F, Okamoto M, Shirai T, Kawaguchi H, Ogino C, Yamasaki M, Kikuchi J, Kondo A. Changes in Lignin and Polysaccharide Components in 13 Cultivars of Rice Straw following Dilute Acid Pretreatment as Studied by Solution-State 2D 1H-13C NMR. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128417. [PMID: 26083431 PMCID: PMC4470627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A renewable raw material, rice straw is pretreated for biorefinery usage. Solution-state two-dimensional (2D) 1H-13 C hetero-nuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, was used to analyze 13 cultivars of rice straw before and after dilute acid pretreatment, to characterize general changes in the lignin and polysaccharide components. Intensities of most (15 of 16) peaks related to lignin aromatic regions, such as p-coumarate, guaiacyl, syringyl, p-hydroxyphenyl, and cinnamyl alcohol, and methoxyl, increased or remained unchanged after pretreatment. In contrast, intensities of most (11 of 13) peaks related to lignin aliphatic linkages or ferulate decreased. Decreased heterogeneity in the intensities of three peaks related to cellulose components in acid-insoluble residues resulted in similar glucose yield (0.45-0.59 g/g-dry biomass). Starch-derived components showed positive correlations (r = 0.71 to 0.96) with glucose, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and formate concentrations in the liquid hydrolysates, and negative correlations (r = -0.95 to -0.97) with xylose concentration and acid-insoluble residue yield. These results showed the fate of lignin and polysaccharide components by pretreatment, suggesting that lignin aromatic regions and cellulose components were retained in the acid insoluble residues and starch-derived components were transformed into glucose, 5-HMF, and formate in the liquid hydrolysate.
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Saotome N, Hara Y, Tansho R, Saraya Y, Mizushima K, Furukawa T, Shirai T, Noda K. TH-CD-BRA-07: Range Verification System Using Scintillator and CCD Camera for the Scanning Irradiation System. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Nishikawa K, Lin Q, Tsurui H, Kawano S, Kojo K, Amano H, Shirai T, Hirose S. THU0379 Dichotomy in FC Gamma Receptor IIB Deficiency and Autoimmune-Prone Slam Haplotype Reveals the Role of Slam Haplotype in Monocytosis and the Significant Effect of FC Gamma Receptor IIB Deficiency in Yaa-Related Lupus Nephritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.2659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kawano S, Amano H, Lin Q, Nishikawa K, Tsurui H, Shirai T, Hirose S, Takasaki Y. FRI0376 Mechanism of Phenotype Conversion from Rheumatoid Arthritis to Lupus in FCᴦRIIB-Deficient C57BL/6 YAA Mice. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Noda S, Shirai T, Mochida K, Matsuda F, Oyama S, Okamoto M, Kondo A. Evaluation of Brachypodium distachyon L-Tyrosine Decarboxylase Using L-Tyrosine Over-Producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125488. [PMID: 25996877 PMCID: PMC4440718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To demonstrate that herbaceous biomass is a versatile gene resource, we focused on the model plant Brachypodium distachyon, and screened the B. distachyon for homologs of tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC), which is involved in the modification of aromatic compounds. A total of 5 candidate genes were identified in cDNA libraries of B. distachyon and were introduced into Saccharomyces cerevisiae to evaluate TDC expression and tyramine production. It is suggested that two TDCs encoded in the transcripts Bradi2g51120.1 and Bradi2g51170.1 have L-tyrosine decarboxylation activity. Bradi2g51170.1 was introduced into the L-tyrosine over-producing strain of S. cerevisiae that was constructed by the introduction of mutant genes that promote deregulated feedback inhibition. The amount of tyramine produced by the resulting transformant was 6.6-fold higher (approximately 200 mg/L) than the control strain, indicating that B. distachyon TDC effectively converts L-tyrosine to tyramine. Our results suggest that B. distachyon possesses enzymes that are capable of modifying aromatic residues, and that S. cerevisiae is a suitable host for the production of L-tyrosine derivatives.
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Shirai T, Tomino Y, Sato M, Yoshiki T, Itoh T. IgA nephropathy: clinicopathology and immunopathology. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 9:88-100. [PMID: 668392 DOI: 10.1159/000401436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In a total of 283 biopsies, 100 (35%) were found to be IgA nephropathy. The incidence reached 40% among primary glomerulonephropathies. On the basis of histopathologic changes in glomeruli, these biopsies were classified into 3 groups. The criteria employed correlated well with clinical, laboratory and immunofluorescent findings. Immune complex pathogenesis was discussed in relation to our findings.
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Ito N, Shirai T, Fukushima S. Medium-term bioassay for carcinogens using multiorgan models. PROGRESS IN EXPERIMENTAL TUMOR RESEARCH 2015; 33:41-57. [PMID: 2028025 DOI: 10.1159/000419245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Osanai T, Shirai T, Iijima H, Kuwahara A, Suzuki I, Kondo A, Hirai MY. Alteration of cyanobacterial sugar and amino acid metabolism by overexpression hik8, encoding a KaiC-associated histidine kinase. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:2430-40. [PMID: 25403325 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria possess circadian clocks consisting of KaiABC proteins, and circadian rhythm must closely relate to the primary metabolism. A histidine kinase, SasA, interacts with KaiC to transduce circadian signals and widely regulates transcription in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942, although the involvement of SasA in primary metabolism has not been demonstrated at metabolite levels. Here, we generated a strain overexpressing hik8 (HOX80), an orthologue of SasA in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. HOX80 grew slowly under light conditions and lost viability under continuous dark conditions. Transcript levels of genes related to sugar catabolism remained higher in HOX80 under dark conditions. Metabolomic analysis revealed that under light conditions, glycogen was undetectable in HOX80, and there were decreased levels of metabolites of sugar catabolism and increased levels of amino acids, compared with those in the wild-type strain. HOX80 exhibited aberrant degradation of SigE proteins after a light-to-dark transition and immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that Hik8 directly interacts with KaiC1. The results of this study demonstrate that overexpression of hik8 widely alters sugar and amino acid metabolism, revealing the involvement of Hik8 in primary metabolism under both light and dark conditions in this cyanobacterium.
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Mori S, Amano S, Furukawa T, Shirai T, Noda K. Effect of secondary particles on image quality of dynamic flat panels in carbon ion scanning beam treatment. Br J Radiol 2014; 88:20140567. [PMID: 25536444 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Real-time markerless tumour tracking using radiographic fluoroscopic imaging is one of the better solutions to improving respiratory-gated radiotherapy. However, particle beams cause secondary particles from patients, which could affect radiographs. Here, we evaluated the quality of radiographs during carbon ion pencil beam scanning (CPBS) irradiation for respiratory gating. METHODS A water phantom and chest phantom were used. The phantoms were irradiated with CPBS at 290 MeV n(-1) from orthogonal directions. Dose rates were 3.4 × 10(8), 1.14 × 10(8) and 3.79 × 10(7) particles per second. A dynamic flat panel detector (DFPD) was installed on the upstream (DFPD1) or downstream (DFPD2) side of the vertical irradiation port. DFPD images were acquired during CPBS at 15.00, 7.50 and 3.75 frames per second (fps). Charge on the DFPD was cleaned using fast readout technique every 30 fps. DFPD images were acquired during CPBS with radiographic exposure, and results with and without fast readout technique were compared. RESULTS Secondary particles were visualized as spots or streak-like shapes. Capture of secondary particles from the horizontal beam direction was lower with fast readout technique than without it. With regard to beam irradiation direction dependency, CPBS from the horizontal direction resulted in a greater magnitude of secondary particles reaching DFPD2 than reaching DFPD1. When CPBS was delivered from the vertical direction, however, the magnitude of secondary particles on both DFPDs was very similar. CONCLUSION Fast readout technique minimized the effect of secondary particles on DFPD images during CPBS. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This technique may be useful for markerless tumour tracking for respiratory gating.
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Inaniwa T, Kanematsu N, Hara Y, Furukawa T, Fukahori M, Nakao M, Shirai T. Erratum: Implementation of a triple Gaussian beam model with subdivision and redefinition against density heterogeneities in treatment planning for scanned carbon-ion radiotherapy (Phys. Med. Biol. 59 5361). Phys Med Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/20/6305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Hirose T, Fujita K, Kusumoto S, Oki Y, Murata Y, Sugiyama T, Ishida H, Shirai T, Nakashima M, Yamaoka T, Okuda K, Ohnishi T, Ohmori T, Sasaki Y, Tamura A, Ohta K. Association of Pharmacokinetics or Pharmacogenomics with Toxicity of Erlotinib in Patients with Recurrent Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu349.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Sai S, Wakai T, Shirai T. Effects of Carbon Ion Beam Alone or in Combination With Gemcitabine and/or Cisplatin on Cholangiocarcinoma Stem-Like Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Noda S, Shirai T, Mochida K, Oyama S, Okamoto M, Matsuda F, Akihiko K. Tyramine biosynthesis from glucose using Brachypodium distachyon tyrosine decarboxylase expressing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.07.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mori S, Inaniwa T, Miki K, Shirai T, Noda K. Implementation of a target volume design function for intrafractional range variation in a particle beam treatment planning system. Br J Radiol 2014; 87:20140233. [PMID: 25168286 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Treatment planning for charged particle therapy in the thoracic and abdominal regions should take account of range uncertainty due to intrafractional motion. Here, we developed a design tool (4Dtool) for the target volume [field-specific target volume (FTV)], which accounts for this uncertainty using four-dimensional CT (4DCT). METHODS Target and normal tissue contours were input manually into a treatment planning system (TPS). These data were transferred to the 4Dtool via the picture archiving and communication system (PACS). Contours at the reference phase were propagated to other phases by deformable image registration. FTV was calculated using 4DCT on the 4Dtool. The TPS displays FTV contours using digital imaging and communications in medicine files imported from the PACS. These treatment parameters on the CT image at the reference phase were then used for dose calculation on the TPS. The tool was tested in single clinical case randomly selected from patients treated at our centre for lung cancer. RESULTS In this clinical case, calculation of dose distribution with the 4Dtool resulted in the successful delivery of carbon-ion beam at the reference phase of 95% of the prescribed dose to the clinical target volume (CTV). Application to the other phases also provided sufficient dose to the CTV. CONCLUSION The 4Dtool software allows the design of the target volume with consideration to intrafractional range variation and is now in routine clinical use at our institution. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Our alternative technique represents a practical approach to four-dimensional treatment planning within the current state of charged particle therapy.
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Inaniwa T, Kanematsu N, Hara Y, Furukawa T, Fukahori M, Nakao M, Shirai T. Implementation of a triple Gaussian beam model with subdivision and redefinition against density heterogeneities in treatment planning for scanned carbon-ion radiotherapy. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:5361-86. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/18/5361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Saito S, Kamogawa Y, Nakamura K, Watanabe R, Fujita Y, Shirai T, Shirota Y, Fujii H, Ishii T, Ito K, Shimokawa H, Takemori H, Konta T, Komatsuda A, Izumiyama T, Hirabayashi Y, Sato Y, Urata Y, Kawaguchi Y, Harigae H. FRI0501 Fate of Collagen Disease Related Digital Skin Ulcers Treated Only under Currently Approved Therapies: A Control Study Comparing with the New Shockwave Therapy toward Digital Ulcers of Scleroderma. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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79
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Igarashi K, Yamamoto N, Shirai T, Hayashi K, Nishida H, Kimura H, Takeuchi A, Tsuchiya H. The long-term outcome following the use of frozen autograft treated with liquid nitrogen in the management of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. Bone Joint J 2014; 96-B:555-61. [DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.96b4.32629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In 1999, we developed a technique for biological reconstruction after excision of a bone tumour, which involved using autografts of the bone containing the tumour treated with liquid nitrogen. We have previously reported the use of this technique in 28 patients at a mean follow up of 27 months (10 to 54). In this study, we included 72 patients who underwent reconstruction using this technique. A total of 33 patients died and three were lost to follow-up, at a mean of 23 months (2 to 56) post-operatively, leaving 36 patients available for a assessment at a mean of 101 months 16 to 163) post-operatively. The methods of reconstruction included an osteo-articular graft in 16, an intercalary in 13 and, a composite graft with prosthesis in seven. Post-operative function was excellent in 26 patients (72.2%), good in seven (19.4%), and fair in three (8.3%) according to the functional evaluation system of Enneking. No recurrent tumour occurred within the grafts. The autografts survived in 29 patients (80.6%), and the rates of survival at five and ten years were 86.1% and 80.6 %, respectively. Seven of 16 osteo-articular grafts (44%) failed because of fracture or infection, but all the composite and intercalary grafts survived. The long-term outcomes of frozen autografting, particularly using composite and intercalary grafts, are satisfactory and thus represent a good method of treatment for patients with a sarcoma of bone or soft tissue. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2014;96-B:555–61.
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Shirai T, Mori K, Mikamo M, Shishido Y, Akita T, Morita S, Asada K, Fujii M, Suda T, Chida K. Respiratory mechanics and peripheral airway inflammation and dysfunction in asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2013; 43:521-6. [PMID: 23600542 DOI: 10.1111/cea.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical application of the forced oscillation technique (FOT) has progressed with the spread of commercially available FOT devices. The correlation between respiratory impedance and spirometry has been reported; however, the association with airway inflammation and pulmonary function, in the lung periphery in particular, is unclear. OBJECTIVE To assess whether respiratory impedance is associated with peripheral airway inflammation and dysfunction in asthma. METHODS Subjects included 78 patients with overall controlled asthma. We measured whole-breath or within-breath respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) using a commercially available multi-frequency FOT device (MostGraph-01), and assessed the correlation with the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), alveolar nitric oxide concentration (CANO), maximal NO flux in the conductive airways (J'awNO), and the N2 phase III slope of single breath N2 washout (delta N2 ). RESULTS The differences between inspiratory and expiratory phases of Xrs at 5 Hz (X5), resonant frequency (Fres), and a low-frequency reactance area (ALX) were significantly correlated with CANO; however, there was no correlation between respiratory impedance and FeNO or J'awNO. The delta N2 values were significantly correlated with whole-breath, inspiratory, and expiratory Rrs and Xrs, except for R20. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE We conclude that respiratory impedance reflects peripheral airway inflammation and ventilation inhomogeneity.
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Shirai T, Imada S, Higashiya A, Sekiyama A, Suga S, Muro T, Tanaka Y, Tamasaku K, Yabashi M, Ishikawa T, Miyasaka S, Tokura Y. Ce electronic states in Nd(0.45-x)Ce(x)Sr0.55MnO3 probed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy and photoemission. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2013; 25:415601. [PMID: 24047823 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/41/415601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the Ce 4f electronic states in the Ce-doped manganites Nd(0.45-x)Ce(x)Sr0.55MnO3 (NCSMO) by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES). The Ce 3d XAS shows that the Ce ions exist in the form of the Ce(3+) and Ce(4+) mixed-valent states, and we have found that the XAS spectral features change with temperature. The Ce 3d XAS and HAXPES spectra for NCSMO agree reasonably well with calculated results based on the single-impurity Anderson model, which takes into account the atomic multiplets and two valence bands. The estimated Ce bulk valence of Nd0.15Ce0.3Sr0.55MnO3 decreases from 3.44 to 3.30 with cooling.
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Takahashi W, Mori S, Furukawa T, Inaniwa T, Nakajima M, Shirai T, Noda K, Yamamoto N, Kamada T. Carbon Ion Scanning Lung Therapy (With Respiratory-Gated Phase Controlled Rescanning): Simulation Study for 4D Treatment Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Amenomori M, Bi XJ, Chen D, Chen TL, Chen WY, Cui SW, Ding LK, Feng CF, Feng Z, Feng ZY, Gou QB, Guo YQ, Hakamada K, He HH, He ZT, Hibino K, Hotta N, Hu H, Hu HB, Huang J, Jia HY, Jiang L, Kajino F, Kasahara K, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawata K, Le GM, Li AF, Li HJ, Li WJ, Liu C, Liu JS, Liu MY, Lu H, Meng XR, Mizutani K, Munakata K, Nanjo H, Nishizawa M, Ohnishi M, Ohta I, Onuma H, Ozawa S, Qian XL, Qu XB, Saito T, Saito TY, Sakata M, Sako TK, Shao J, Shibata M, Shiomi A, Shirai T, Sugimoto H, Takita M, Tan YH, Tateyama N, Torii S, Tsuchiya H, Udo S, Wang H, Wu HR, Xue L, Yamamoto Y, Yang Z, Yasue S, Yuan AF, Yuda T, Zhai LM, Zhang HM, Zhang JL, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou XX. Probe of the solar magnetic field using the "cosmic-ray shadow" of the sun. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:011101. [PMID: 24027782 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.011101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on a clear solar-cycle variation of the Sun’s shadow in the 10 TeV cosmic-ray flux observed by the Tibet air shower array during a full solar cycle from 1996 to 2009. In order to clarify the physical implications of the observed solar cycle variation, we develop numerical simulations of the Sun’s shadow, using the potential field source surface model and the current sheet source surface (CSSS) model for the coronal magnetic field. We find that the intensity deficit in the simulated Sun’s shadow is very sensitive to the coronal magnetic field structure, and the observed variation of the Sun’s shadow is better reproduced by the CSSS model. This is the first successful attempt to evaluate the coronal magnetic field models by using the Sun’s shadow observed in the TeV cosmic-ray flux.
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Mori S, Inaniwa T, Furukawa T, Zenklusen S, Shirai T, Noda K. Effects of a difference in respiratory cycle between treatment planning and irradiation for phase-controlled rescanning and carbon pencil beam scanning. Br J Radiol 2013; 86:20130163. [PMID: 23833034 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of variation in respiratory cycle between treatment planning and irradiation for pencil beam scanning and phase-controlled rescanning (PCR) on the resulting dose distribution, we conducted a simulation study based on four-dimensional CT (4DCT) data for lung cancer patients. METHODS 4DCT data were acquired for seven patients with lung tumours. Treatment planning was designed to ensure the delivery of 95% of the prescribed dose to the clinical target volume in respective phases of the 4DCT by taking account of intrafractional beam range variations. Carbon ion pencil beam scanning dose distributions were calculated for various respiratory cycles that differed from the reference respiration (=4.4 s) but which stayed regular during irradiation. The number of rescannings was changed to 1, 4 or 8 times. PCR was correlated with the gating window in treatment planning to calculate the beam weighting map. RESULTS 8×PCR improved dose conformation to the target for all irradiation respiratory cycles. Minimum dose (Dmin) and lowest dose encompassing 95% of the target (D95) values with 4×PCR were decreased from 94.1% and 98.1% to 88.4% and 93.5% with an altered irradiation respiratory cycle of 2.4 s. However, these values were improved with 8×PCR to over 94.9% for Dmin and 98.6% for D95 for respective irradiation respiratory cycles. CONCLUSION Pencil beam scanning treatment with eight or more PCRs consistently improved dose conformation for moving lung targets even when different respiratory cycles were used for treatment planning and irradiation. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Scanning treatment with eight or more rescannings consistently improved dose homogeneity to a moving target even though respiratory cycles varied during treatment.
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Osanai T, Oikawa A, Shirai T, Kuwahara A, Iijima H, Tanaka K, Ikeuchi M, Kondo A, Saito K, Hirai MY. Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry reveals the distribution of carbon metabolites during nitrogen starvation in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Environ Microbiol 2013; 16:512-24. [PMID: 23796428 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen availability is one of the most important factors for the survival of cyanobacteria. Previous studies on Synechocystis revealed a contradictory situation with regard to metabolism during nitrogen starvation; that is, glycogen accumulated even though the expressions of sugar catabolic genes were widely upregulated. Here, we conducted transcript and metabolomic analyses using capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry on Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under nitrogen starvation. The levels of some tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (succinate, malate and fumarate) were greatly increased by nitrogen deprivation. Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides were markedly downregulated under nitrogen depletion. The levels of 19 amino acids changed under nitrogen deprivation, especially those of amino acids synthesized from pyruvate and phosphoenolpyruvate, which showed marked increases. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that the amount of NADPH and the NADPH/NADH ratio decreased under nitrogen depletion. These data demonstrate that there are increases in not only glycogen but also in metabolites downstream of sugar catabolism in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under nitrogen starvation, resolving the contradiction between glycogen accumulation and induction of sugar catabolic gene expression in this unicellular cyanobacterium.
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Kato H, Matsuda F, Yamada R, Nagata K, Shirai T, Hasunuma T, Kondo A. Cocktail δ-integration of xylose assimilation genes for efficient ethanol production from xylose in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:333-6. [PMID: 23651809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cocktail δ-integration was applied to improve ethanol production from xylose in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Two hundred of recombinant S. cerevisiae strains possessing various copies of XYL1, XYL2, and XKS1 genes were constructed by cocktail δ-integration. Efficient strains with efficient ethanol production from xylose were successfully obtained by the fermentation test.
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Matsuda F, Shirai T, Ishii J, Kondo A. Regulation of central carbon metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by metabolic inhibitors. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:59-64. [PMID: 23453202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic inhibitors were applied for chemical regulation of central carbon metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae was treated with 10 metabolic inhibitors with various modes of action, and their activities were evaluated using a growth inhibition assay. Among the 6 active inhibitors, the effects of pyrazole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) and TTA (2-thenoyltrifluoloacetone, succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor) were analyzed in detail. The flask-scale batch-fermentation test showed that ethanol yield was reduced to 0.10 ± 0.01 g g⁻¹ and glycerol yield increased to 0.26 ± 0.01 g g⁻¹ on treatment with pyrazole at 5.0 g L⁻¹, indicating that multiple isozymes of alcohol dehydrogenase were simultaneously inhibited. The multi-targeted metabolic profiling analysis revealed that, although the TTA and pyrazole treatments affected the profiles of all central carbon metabolites in distinct manners, the level of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate commonly increased in the TTA- and pyrazole-treated S. cerevisiae by an unknown mechanism. These results demonstrate that chemical regulation of the central carbon metabolism could be used as an alternative tool to control microbial cell factories for bioproduction, or as a chemical probe to investigate the metabolic systems of useful microorganisms.
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Rivera-Virtudazo RV, Fuji M, Takai C, Shirai T. Fabrication of unique hollow silicate nanoparticles with hierarchically micro/mesoporous shell structure by a simple double template approach. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:485608. [PMID: 23138674 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
An innovative type of hollow silicate nanoparticle with a micro/mesoporous shell wall (NSHPMS) was synthesized at room temperature via an eco-friendly double template approach, followed by simple acid reflux. TEM observations of NSHPMSs showed hollow interior nanoparticles (<100 nm) with a wormhole-like shell structure. The nitrogen gas (N(2)) adsorption/desorption isotherm exhibited a unique two-step pattern: the first step (0.2 < P/P(o) < 0.35) signifies the presence of the micro/mesoporous shell wall while the second step (0.85 < P/P(o) < 0.99) represents the void space in between the NSHPMSs. This resulted to an improved specific surface area up to ~2055.5 m(2) g(-1) and a total pore volume as high as ~6.59 cm(3) g(-1) which is better compared with the usual reported data for hollow particles with a mesoporous shell wall. The stable wormhole mesoporous shell wall provided sufficient spaces that contribute to high adsorption capacities and faster adsorption rates. One can envision that larger quantities of framework composition can be obtained using our NSHPMSs.
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Shirai T, Matsuda F, Okamoto M, Kondo A. Evaluation of control mechanisms for Saccharomyces cerevisiae central metabolic reactions using metabolome data of eight single-gene deletion mutants. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:3569-77. [PMID: 23224404 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We performed metabolome and metabolite-metabolite correlation analyses for eight single-gene deletion mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to evaluate the physiology of glucose metabolism. The irreversible enzyme reactions can become bottlenecks when intracellular metabolism is perturbed by direct interference from the central metabolic pathway by gene deletions or by a deletion of transcriptional regulator. Metabolome data reveal that transcriptional factor, gcr2, regulates the reaction that converts 3-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate. Metabolome data also suggest that the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate kinase makes one of the rate-limiting reactions throughout the glycolytic pathway.
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Hirose T, Noda H, Okuda K, Abe S, Oto Y, Kusumoto S, Sugiyama T, Ishida H, Shirai T, Nakashima M, Yamaoka T, Ohmori T, Yoshida K, Nakamura Y, Adachi M. Cancer Vaccination Trial with Novel Multiple Peptides in Previously Treated Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)32300-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Charinpanitkul T, Suthabanditpong W, Watanabe H, Shirai T, Faungnawakij K, Viriya-empikul N, Fuji M. Improved hydrophilicity of zinc oxide-incorporated layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte film fabricated by dip coating method. J IND ENG CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sugiyama T, Hirose T, Nakashima M, Ishida K, Oki Y, Murata Y, Kusumoto S, Shirai T, Yamaoka T, Okuda K, Ohnishi T, Ohmori T, Adachi M. Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the combination of gemcitabine and nedaplatin for elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncology 2011; 81:273-80. [PMID: 22122886 DOI: 10.1159/000334430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to retrospectively assess the safety and efficacy of the combination of gemcitabine and nedaplatin in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Patients ≥75 years with previously untreated NSCLC who underwent chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine (800 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8) and nedaplatin (80 mg/m(2) on day 1) every 3 weeks were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS Of the 35 patients, 28 were men and 7 were women, with a mean age of 78 years (range 75-87); 10 patients had stage IIIB disease and 25 patients had stage IV disease. The overall response rate was 45.7% (95% confidence interval 28.8-63.4). The median survival time was 14 months (range 3-44). Grade 3-4 toxicities included neutropenia in 74.3%, thrombocytopenia in 48.6%, anemia in 34.3%, hepatic dysfunction in 11.4%, and infection in 2.9%. There were no treatment-related deaths. There were no differences in response rate and survival between patients aged 75-79 years and patients ≥80 years, although grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia and anemia were significantly more frequent in patients ≥80 years. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the combination of gemcitabine and nedaplatin is effective and well tolerated for selected elderly patients with advanced NSCLC.
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Suzuki S, Konnai S, Okagawa T, Githaka NW, Kariuki E, Gakuya F, Kanduma E, Shirai T, Ikebuchi R, Ikenaka Y, Ishizuka M, Murata S, Ohashi K. Molecular cloning and characterization of Th1 and Th2 cytokines of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer). Int J Immunogenet 2011; 39:170-82. [PMID: 22117600 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) has been implicated as the reservoir of several bovine infectious agents. However, there is insufficient information on the protective immune responses in the African buffalo, particularly in infected animals. In this study, we analysed Th1 cytokines IL-2 and IFN-γ, and Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10. The cloned cDNA of IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ contained an open reading frame of 468, 501, 408 and 540 nucleotides, encoding polypeptides of 155, 166, 135 and 179 amino acids, respectively. Nucleotide sequence homology of IL-2, IFN-γ and IL-4 was more than 98% between the African buffalo and cattle, which resulted in identical polypeptides. Meanwhile, IL-10 gene of African buffalo and cattle had 95% homology in nucleotide sequence, corresponding to thirteen amino acid residues substitution. Cysteine residues and potential glycosylation sites were conserved within the family Bovinae. Phylogenetic analyses including cytokines of the African buffalo placed them within a cluster comprised mainly of species belonging to the order Artiodactyla, including cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goat, pig and artiodactyl wildlife. A deeper understanding of the structure of these cytokines will shed light on their protective role in the disease-resistant African buffalo in comparison with other closely related species.
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Mori E, Furusawa C, Kajihata S, Shirai T, Shimizu H. Evaluating 13C enrichment data of free amino acids for precise metabolic flux analysis. Biotechnol J 2011; 6:1377-87. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Virtudazo RVR, Watanabe H, Shirai T, Fuji M, Takahashi M. Direct Template Approach for the Formation of (Anisotropic shape) Hollow Silicate Microparticles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/18/6/062014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hirose T, Oki Y, Kusumoto S, Sugiyama T, Shirai T, Nakashima M, Yamaoka T, Okuda K, Ohnishi T, Ohmori T, Adachi M. Circulating tumor cells as a predictive marker for chemotherapy and prognostic marker in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e21020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Miwa S, Shirai T, Taki J, Yamamoto N, Nishida H, Hayashi K, Kimura H, Takeuchi A, Igarashi K, Tsuchiya H. A novel combined radiologic method for evaluation of the response to chemotherapy for primary bone sarcoma. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.10035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Shirai T, Shimizu T, Ohtani K, Zen Y, Takaya M, Tsuchiya H. Antibacterial iodine-supported titanium implants. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:1928-33. [PMID: 21115142 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Deep infection remains a serious complication in orthopedic implant surgery. In order to reduce the incidence of implant-associated infections, several biomaterial surface treatments have been proposed. This study focused on evaluating the antibacterial activity of iodine-supported titanium (Ti-I(2)) and its impact on post-implant infection, as well as determining the potential suitability of Ti-I(2) as a biomaterial. External fixation pins were used in this experiment as trial implants because of the ease of making the septic models. The antibacterial activity of the metal was measured using a modification of the Japanese Industrial Standards method. Activity was evaluated by exposing the implants to Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli and comparing reaction of pathogens to Ti-I(2) vs. stainless steel and titanium controls. Ti-I(2) clearly inhibited bacterial colonization more than the control metals. In addition, cytocompatibility was assessed by counting the number of colonies that formed on the metals. The three metals showed the same amount of fibroblast colony formation. Japanese white rabbits were used as an in vivo model. Three pins were inserted into both femora of six rabbits for histological analysis. Pin sites were inspected and graded for infection and inflammation. Fewer signs of infection and inflammatory changes were observed in conjunction with the Ti-I(2) pins. Furthermore, osteoconductivity of the implant was evaluated with osteoid formation surface of the pin. Consecutive bone formation was observed around the Ti-I(2) and titanium pins, while little osteoid formation was found around the stainless steel pins. These findings suggest that Ti-I(2) has antimicrobial activity and exhibits cytocompatibility. Therefore, Ti-I(2) substantially reduces the incidence of implant infection and shows particular promise as a biomaterial.
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Watanabe T, Oshima N, Shirai T, Someya T. [Papillary fibroelastoma of the tricuspid valve with mitral regurgitation]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2010; 63:1053-1056. [PMID: 21066847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a 64-year-old male patient with papillary fibroelastoma of the tricuspid valve associated with moderate mitral regurgitation. Echocardiography had revealed a 10 x 10 mm tumor attaching to the anterior tricuspid leaflet 3 years before. Because the tumor was enlarged to 19 x 15 mm, we excised it with a part of the anterior tricuspid leaflet, and performed tricuspid and mitral valvoplasty. The histological findings suggested papillary fibroelastoma. The postoperative course was uneventful.
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Inamasu J, Miyatake S, Tomioka H, Shirai T, Ishiyama M, Komagamine J, Kase K, Kobayashi K. Prognostic significance of acute pain preceding out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Emerg Med J 2010; 28:613-7. [DOI: 10.1136/emj.2009.084269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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