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Sakamoto T, Yao Y, Hida Y, Honda Y, Watanabe T, Hashigaya W, Suzuki K, Irie T. A calmodulin inhibitor, W-7 influences the effect of cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate signaling on ligninolytic enzyme gene expression in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. AMB Express 2012; 2:7. [PMID: 22273182 PMCID: PMC3275468 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity of white-rot fungi to degrade wood lignin may be highly applicable to the development of novel bioreactor systems, but the mechanisms underlying this function are not yet fully understood. Lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP), which are thought to be very important for the ligninolytic property, demonstrated increased activity in Phanerochaete chrysosporium RP-78 (FGSC #9002, ATCC MYA-4764™) cultures following exposure to 5 mM cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) and 500 μM 3'-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that transcription of most LiP and MnP isozyme genes was statistically significantly upregulated in the presence of the cAMP and IBMX compared to the untreated condition. However, 100 μM calmodulin (CaM) inhibitor N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7), which had insignificant effects on fungal growth and intracellular cAMP concentration, not only offset the increased activity and transcription induced by the drugs, but also decreased them to below basal levels. Like the isozyme genes, transcription of the CaM gene (cam) was also upregulated by cAMP and IBMX. These results suggest that cAMP signaling functions to increase the transcription of LiP and MnP through the induction of cam transcription.
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Shimada H, Hirano S, Shinotoh H, Aotsuka A, Sato K, Tanaka N, Ota T, Asahina M, Fukushi K, Kuwabara S, Irie T, Ito H, Suhara T. 2.021 DEMENTIA WITH LEWY BODIES CAN BE WELL-DIFFERENTIATED FROM ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BY MEASUREMENT OF BRAIN ACETYLCHOLIN ESTERASE ACTIVITY BY PET. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Miyagawa T, Ishikawa S, Ichioka D, Emura M, Kojima T, Tsutsumi M, Irie T, Kondou M, Mitake T. UP-02.133 Real-time Virtual Sonography for Prostate-Targeted Biopsy Based on MRI Data: Evaluation of Accuracy with Resected Specimens. Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Uekama K, Adachi H, Irie T, Yano T, Saita M, Noda K. Improved transdermal delivery of prostaglandin E1 through hairless mouse skin: combined use of carboxymethyl-ethyl-β-cyclodextrin and penetration enhancers. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 44:119-21. [PMID: 1352811 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb03574.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The optimal prescription of transdermal preparations of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) for treatment of peripheral vascular diseases has been investigated. The chemical stability of PGE1 in fatty alcohol/propylene glycol (FAPG) ointment was markedly improved by carboxymethyl-ethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CME-β-CyD). Application of a PGE1 ointment containing the penetration enhancer, 1-dodecylazacycloheptane-2-one (Azone) or 1-[2-(decylthio)ethyl]azacyclopentane-2-one (HPE-101), onto the skin of hairless mice showed the increase of blood flow in the skin due to the vasodilating action of PGE1. In particular, the ointment containing a PGE1-CME-β-CyD complex supplemented with HPE-101 showed the most prominent increase of the blood flow. Compared with other ointments, this ointment was found to show significantly greater transfer of HPE-101 into in-vitro preparations of the skin of hairless mice. Transfer of PGE1 into the skin was thought to be facilitated by this increased transfer of HPE-101. These results suggest that a combination of CME-β-CyD and HPE-101 is useful for designing PGE1 ointments for topical application with good chemical stability and percutaneous permeability.
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Toru S, Matumura K, Kawaguchi R, Kobayashi T, Irie T. Widespread cortical lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging in acute portal systemic shunt encephalopathy caused by primary biliary cirrhosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:E55-6. [PMID: 21233224 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Okamura T, Kikuchi T, Irie T. PET imaging of MRP1 function in the living brain: method development and future perspectives. Curr Top Med Chem 2011; 10:1810-9. [PMID: 20645911 DOI: 10.2174/156802610792927988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) functions as a primary active transporter utilizing energy from ATP hydrolysis. In the central nervous system (CNS), MRP1 plays an important role in limiting the permeation of xenobiotic and endogenous substrates across the blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barriers, and across brain parenchymal cells. While MRP1 contributes to minimizing the neurotoxic effects of drugs, it may also restrict the distribution of drugs for the treatment of CNS diseases. Moreover, neurodegenerative disease may be associated with abnormal expression of efflux transporters in the brain. Noninvasive measurement of MRP1 function will therefore be useful for directly evaluating the effect of modulators on enhancing the penetration of drugs into the brain and for examining the pathophysiological role of MRP1 in the brain. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful molecular imaging technique. While several PET probes have been proposed for imaging function of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein, few reports discuss the probes for imaging MRP1 function in the brain. Ideally, brain radioactivity should consist of a single radioactive compound that is selectively transported by the efflux transporter of interest, without other efflux routes. However, most PET probes for MRP1 or P-glycoprotein are eliminated by both a transporter and simple diffusion, resulting in inaccurate measurement of pump function. This review addresses a new strategy to avoid this problem, and suggests the design of a PET probe based on this strategy, particularly for MRP1 imaging. Several published reports on imaging MRP1 function with PET are also discussed.
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Sakamoto T, Kitaura H, Minami M, Honda Y, Watanabe T, Ueda A, Suzuki K, Irie T. Transcriptional effect of a calmodulin inhibitor, W-7, on the ligninolytic enzyme genes in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Curr Genet 2010; 56:401-10. [PMID: 20532887 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-010-0309-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2010] [Revised: 05/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of a calmodulin (CaM) inhibitor, W-7, on the expression of lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP) genes in Phanerochaete chrysosporium to consider the role of cam gene, which was upregulated in parallel with the total activities of LiP and MnP in our previous transcriptomic analysis. The addition of 100 μM W-7 to the fungal cultures repressed the total activities of LiP and MnP, whereas the addition of 100 μM W-5, which is a control drug of W-7, retained approximately half of them, indicating that the effect of W-7 was attributable to CaM inhibition. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that most of lip and mnp isozyme genes predicted from whole-genome data were significantly inhibited by W-7 at the transcription level (P ≤ 0.05). These results suggest that CaM has an important role for the expression of isozyme genes of LiP and MnP at the transcription level.
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Arii S, Tanaka S, Mitsunori Y, Nakamura N, Kudo A, Noguchi N, Irie T. Surgical Strategies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Special Reference to Anatomical Hepatic Resection and Intraoperative Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography. Oncology 2010; 78 Suppl 1:125-30. [DOI: 10.1159/000315240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Suzuki M, Yasui K, Ishikawa H, Nomura M, Watanabe T, Mikami H, Yamazaki T, Irie T, Yamano T, Ono S. FP57-FR-06 Increased neurotrophin-3 of skin in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an immunohistochemical study. J Neurol Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(09)70574-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shimada H, Hirano S, Shinotoh H, Aotsuka A, Sato K, Tanaka N, Ota T, Asahina M, Fukushi K, Kuwabara S, Hattori T, Suhara T, Irie T. Mapping of brain acetylcholinesterase alterations in Lewy body disease by PET. Neurology 2009; 73:273-8. [PMID: 19474411 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181ab2b58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize brain cholinergic deficits in Parkinson disease (PD), PD with dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHODS Participants included 18 patients with PD, 21 patients with PDD/DLB, and 26 healthy controls. The PD group consisted of nine patients with early PD, each with a disease duration of less than 3 years, five of whom were de novo PD patients, and nine patients with advanced PD, each with a disease duration greater than or equal to 3 years. The PDD/DLB group consisted of 10 patients with PDD and 11 patients with DLB. All subjects underwent PET scans with N-[11C]-methyl-4-piperidyl acetate to measure brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Brain AChE activity levels were estimated voxel-by-voxel in a three-compartment analysis using the arterial input function, and compared among our subject groups through both voxel-based analysis using the statistical parametric mapping software SPM5 and volume-of-interest analysis. RESULTS Among patients with PD, AChE activity was significantly decreased in the cerebral cortex and especially in the medial occipital cortex (% reduction compared with the normal mean = -12%) (false discovery rate-corrected p value <0.01). Patients with PDD/DLB, however, had even lower AChE activity in the cerebral cortex (% reduction = -27%) (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between early PD and advanced PD groups or between DLB and PDD groups in the amount by which regional AChE activity in the brain was reduced. CONCLUSIONS Brain cholinergic dysfunction occurs in the cerebral cortex, especially in the medial occipital cortex. It begins in early Parkinson disease, and is more widespread and profound in both Parkinson disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies.
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Ishikawa S, Miyagawa T, Kimura T, Suetomi T, Tsutsumi M, Irie T, Kondoh M, Arai O, Mitake T. POD-5.05: Prostate-Targeted Biopsy Navigated by Real-time Virtual Sonography Acquired from MRI Volume Data. Urology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2008.08.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hashino S, Morioka M, Irie T, Shiroshita N, Kawamura T, Suzuki S, Iwasaki H, Umehara S, Kakinoki Y, Kurosawa M, Kahata K, Izumiyama K, Kobayashi H, Onozawa M, Takahata M, Fujisawa F, Kondo T, Asaka M. Cost benefit and clinical efficacy of low-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor after standard chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Int J Lab Hematol 2008; 30:292-9. [PMID: 18665826 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553x.2007.00955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
High costs of molecule-targeted drugs, such as rituximab, ibritumomab, and tositumomab have given rise to an economical issue for treating patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs), which are also expensive, are widely used for treating neutropenia after chemotherapy. In Japan, lenograstim at 2 microg/kg (about 100 microg/body) or filgrastim at 50 microg/m(2) (about 75 microg/body) is commonly administered for patients with NHL after chemotherapy. Therefore, cost-effectiveness is an important issue in treatment for NHL. Patients with advanced-stage NHL who needed chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) or a CHOP-like regimen with or without rituximab were enrolled in this randomized cross-over trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose G-CSF. Half of the patients were administered 75 microg filgrastim in the first course after neutropenia and 50 microg lenograstim in the second course, and the other half were crossed over. Forty-seven patients were enrolled in this cross-over trial, and 24 patients completed the trial. Frequencies and durations of grade 4 leukocytopenia and neutropenia were similar in the two groups. Severe infection was rare and was observed at similar frequency. Frequencies of antibiotics use were also similar. The total cost of G-CSF (cost/drug x duration of administration) was significantly lower in patients who received 50 microg lenograstim. Hence, a low dose of lenograstim might be safe, effective and pharmaco-economically beneficial in patients with advanced-stage NHL.
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Sakamoto Y, Nakade K, Yano A, Nakagawa Y, Hirano T, Irie T, Watanabe H, Nagai M, Sato T. Heterologous expression of lcc1 from Lentinula edodes in tobacco BY-2 cells results in the production an active, secreted form of fungal laccase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 79:971-80. [PMID: 18488166 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2008] [Revised: 04/04/2008] [Accepted: 04/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Laccase (Lcc) is a lignin-degrading enzyme produced by white-rot fungi and has been the subject of much interest in the field of bioremediation due to its ability to oxidize phenolic compounds. In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of lcc1, a novel gene of Lentinula edodes that encodes Lcc1, and demonstrate that recombinant Lcc1 is expressed in an active, secreted form in tobacco BY-2 cells in culture. The open reading frame of lcc1 was 1,557 base pairs in length and encoded a putative protein of 518 amino acids. We introduced a chimeric form of lcc1 (CaMV35Sp:clcc1) into tobacco BY-2 cells and obtained several stable clcc1 transformants that expressed active Lcc1. Lcc1 activity in BY-2 culture media was higher than in cellular extracts, which indicated that recombinant Lcc1 was produced in a secreted form. Recombinant Lcc1 had a smaller apparent molecular weight and exhibited a different pattern of posttranslational modification than Lcc1 purified from L. edodes. The substrate specificity of purified recombinant Lcc1 was similar to L. edodes Lcc1, and both enzymes were able to decolorize the same set of dyes. These results suggest that heterologous expression of fungal Lcc1 in BY-2 cells will be a valuable tool for the production of sufficient quantities of active laccase for bioremediation.
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Kambayashi T, Irie T, Nakatsukasa H, Takaki Y. [Lung abscess which ruptured during the medical treatment of lung abscess; report of a case]. KYOBU GEKA. THE JAPANESE JOURNAL OF THORACIC SURGERY 2008; 61:254-257. [PMID: 18323196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with fever and cough for about 2 months. Laboratory data showed marked inflammatory changes, and chest computed tomography (CT) scans revealed right-sided hydrothorax, atelectasis of the right middle lobe, and a cystic mass in the right middle lobe. We diagnosed the patients as having lung abscess and empyema. Following the intravenous antibiotic chemotherapy, symptoms and laboratory data showed the improvement, however, on the 11th hospital day, he developed high fever again. A chest CT showed pneumopyothorax suggesting the rupture of lung abscess. Since the chest tube drainage was ineffective, open chest surgery was performed. Curettage of both thoracic and abscess cavity with closure of air leakage successfully cured the pyothorax.
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Seki C, Tokunaga M, Hattori S, Shidahara M, Nakao R, Maeda J, Toyama H, Irie T, Higuchi M, Suhara T, Kanno I, Kimura Y. Quantification of 11C-PIB kinetics in mouse brain using metabolite-corrected arterial input function. Neuroimage 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.04.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Majima T, Irie T, Sawaguchi N, Funakoshi T, Iwasaki N, Harada K, Minami A, Nishimura SI. Chitosan-based hyaluronan hybrid polymer fibre scaffold for ligament and tendon tissue engineering. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2007; 221:537-46. [PMID: 17822155 DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To establish medical use of tissue engineering technology for ligament and tendon injuries, a scaffold was developed which has sufficient ability for cell growth, cell differentiation, and mechanical properties. The scaffold made from chitosan and 0.1 per cent hyaluronic acid has adequate biodegradability and biocompatibility. An animal experiment showed that the scaffold has less toxicity and less inflammation induction. Furthermore, in-vivo animal experiments showed that the mechanical properties of the engineered ligament or tendon had the possibility to stabilize the joint. It was shown that newly developed hybrid-polymer fibre scaffold has feasibility for joint tissue engineering.
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Minami M, Kureha O, Mori M, Kamitsuji H, Suzuki K, Irie T. Long serial analysis of gene expression for transcriptome profiling during the initiation of ligninolytic enzymes production in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 75:609-18. [PMID: 17308906 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-0850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2006] [Revised: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 01/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To analyze the transcriptome profile during the initiation of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) production in Phanerochaete chrysosporium, we constructed long serial analysis of gene expression (LongSAGE) libraries. A total of 13,666 tags (the number of cumulative counted tags) that included 6,945 unique tags (the number of distinct tags) were isolated from the day-3 culture, which just started the enzymes production and was 24 h after veratryl alcohol addition and oxygen-purge into the culture (day-2 culture). A total of 12,402 tags that included 6,396 unique tags were isolated from the day-2 culture, in which the activity of enzymes is not detected. The comparison of the two libraries suggested that 38 genes showed significant (p < or = 0.01) fourfold or greater upregulation; this included the MnP gene (mnp2, mnp3) and LiP H8 gene. On the other hand, 43 genes showed significant (p < or = 0.01) fourfold or greater downregulation. This LongSAGE analysis found many new candidate genes regulating the enzymes production.
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Kato K, Uruga T, Tanida H, Yokota S, Okumura K, Imai Y, Irie T, Yamakata Y. Time-Resolved Energy-Dispersive XAFS Station for Wide-Energy Range at SPring-8. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2436282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Uruga T, Tanida H, Inoue K, Yamazaki H, Irie T. Quick XAFS System using Quasimonochromatic Undulator Radiation at SPring-8. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2644703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Crouzel C, Venet M, Irie T, Sanz G, Boullais C. Labeling of a serotoninergic ligand with 18F : [18F] setoperone. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580250407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Hirano S, Shinotoh H, Kobayashi T, Tsuboi Y, Wszolek ZK, Aotsuka A, Tanaka N, Ota T, Fukushi K, Tanada S, Irie T. Brain acetylcholinesterase activity in FTDP-17 studied by PET. Neurology 2006; 66:1276-7. [PMID: 16636254 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000208515.50924.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Yanagida N, Irie T, Tanaka E, Teramoto C, Kuwabara K, Tajimi A. New choke diseases and their molecular phylogenetic analysis in Agropyron ciliare var. minus and Agropyron tsukushiense var. transiens. Mycologia 2005; 97:1287-91. [PMID: 16722220 DOI: 10.3852/mycologia.97.6.1287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Choke diseases were surveyed in two closely related grass species, Agropyron ciliare var. minus and Agropyron tsukushiense var. transiens, in Shiga Prefecture, Japan. Perithecia and ascospores were not observed in either case. Stromata on A. ciliare var. minus enclosed and sterilized young inflorescences, as in the typical choke symptoms by Epichloë typhina. On the other hand stromata on A. tsukusiense var. transiens thinly covered mature spikes with white epiphyllous hyphae, as in stromata of Ephelis spp. The fungal isolates produced typical Neotyphodium-type conidia. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using the beta-tubulin gene (tubB) indicated that the two Agropyron species are infected with the species grouping into a novel single clade among Epichloë species and they are closely related to a haploid of hybrid Neotyphodium species. The host plant features may be the cause of the differences between stromata of A. ciliare var. minus and A. tsukushiense var.
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Irie T, Aizawa T, Kokubun S. The role of sex hormones in the kinetics of chondrocytes in the growth plate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 87:1278-84. [PMID: 16129759 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.87b9.15583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sex hormones play important roles in the regulation of the proliferation, maturation and death of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal growth plate. We have investigated the effects of male castration on the cell kinetics of chondrocytes as defined by the numbers of proliferating and dying cells. The growth plates of normal rabbits and animals castrated at eight weeks of age were obtained at 10, 15, 20 and 25 weeks of age. Our study suggested that castration led to an increase in apoptosis and a decrease in the proliferation of chondrocytes in the growth plate. In addition, the number of chondrocytes in the castrated rabbits was less than that of normal animals of the same age.
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Sakamoto Y, Irie T, Sato T. Isolation and characterization of a fruiting body-specific exo-beta-1,3-glucanase-encoding gene, exg1, from Lentinula edodes. Curr Genet 2005; 47:244-52. [PMID: 15724214 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-005-0563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2004] [Revised: 12/21/2004] [Accepted: 01/03/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
An exo-beta-1,3-glucanase-encoding gene was isolated from Lentinula edodes to investigate the relationship between the cell wall lytic enzyme and mushroom morphogenesis. The deduced amino acid sequence of the protein corresponding to the exg1 gene displayed 67% identity to AbEXG1 of Agaricus bisporus and approximately 40% identity to yeast exo-beta-1,3-glucanases. Two conserved glutamic acids within the catalytic active site in yeast exo-beta-1,3-glucanases were conserved in exg1 of L. edodes. The exg1 gene was expressed in fruiting bodies, but not in vegetative mycelia. Expression was higher in the stipe than in the pileus of young fruiting bodies. The gene was additionally expressed in the gills of mature fruiting bodies. We purified a glucanase from the stipes of young fruiting bodies that had an N-terminus identical to that of the putative exg1 product. These results collectively indicate that exg1 is involved in L. edodes fruiting body development, including stipe elongation.
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Irie T, Sato T, Saito K, Honda Y, Watanabe T, Kuwahara M, Enei H. Construction of a homologous selectable marker gene for Lentinula edodes transformation. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2004; 67:2006-9. [PMID: 14519992 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.67.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We cloned a gene for the iron sulfur protein (Ip) subunit from an edible mushroom, Lentinula edodes, and introduced a point mutation that confers carboxin resistance into it. The mutant gene successfully transformed L. edodes with high efficiency (9 transformants/2.5 microg vector DNA). Restriction enzyme-mediated integration (REMI) increased the transformation efficiency by about two-fold.
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