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Burger JR, Allen CD, Brown JH, Burnside WR, Davidson AD, Fristoe TS, Hamilton MJ, Mercado-Silva N, Nekola JC, Okie JG, Zuo W. The macroecology of sustainability. PLoS Biol 2012; 10:e1001345. [PMID: 22723741 PMCID: PMC3378595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Global consumption rates of vital resources suggest that we have surpassed the capacity of the Earth to sustain current levels, much less future trajectories of growth in human population and economy. The discipline of sustainability science has emerged in response to concerns of natural and social scientists, policymakers, and lay people about whether the Earth can continue to support human population growth and economic prosperity. Yet, sustainability science has developed largely independently from and with little reference to key ecological principles that govern life on Earth. A macroecological perspective highlights three principles that should be integral to sustainability science: 1) physical conservation laws govern the flows of energy and materials between human systems and the environment, 2) smaller systems are connected by these flows to larger systems in which they are embedded, and 3) global constraints ultimately limit flows at smaller scales. Over the past few decades, decreasing per capita rates of consumption of petroleum, phosphate, agricultural land, fresh water, fish, and wood indicate that the growing human population has surpassed the capacity of the Earth to supply enough of these essential resources to sustain even the current population and level of socioeconomic development.
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Sibly RM, Zuo W, Kodric-Brown A, Brown JH. Rensch’s Rule in Large Herbivorous Mammals Derived from Metabolic Scaling. Am Nat 2012; 179:169-77. [DOI: 10.1086/663686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zuo W, Moses ME, West GB, Hou C, Brown JH. A general model for effects of temperature on ectotherm ontogenetic growth and development. Proc Biol Sci 2011; 279:1840-6. [PMID: 22130604 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2011.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The temperature size rule (TSR) is the tendency for ectotherms to develop faster but mature at smaller body sizes at higher temperatures. It can be explained by a simple model in which the rate of growth or biomass accumulation and the rate of development have different temperature dependence. The model accounts for both TSR and the less frequently observed reverse-TSR, predicts the fraction of energy allocated to maintenance and synthesis over the course of development, and also predicts that less total energy is expended when developing at warmer temperatures for TSR and vice versa for reverse-TSR. It has important implications for effects of climate change on ectothermic animals.
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Horikawa Y, Tsuchiya N, Yuasa K, Narita S, Saito M, Takayama K, Nara T, Tsuruta H, Obara T, Numakura K, Satoh S, Habuchi T, Hu X, Guo J, Lin Z, Sun L, Xu Z, Cang C, Wang G, Kanda T, Sakamoto K, Matsuki A, Ohashi R, Hirota S, Fujimori Y, Matsuda Y, Yajima K, Kosugi S, Hatakeyama K, Kitahara K, Watanabe M, Nakazono S, Wada N, Kakizaki H, Li J, Gong FJ, Sun PN, Shen L, Li Q, Li N, Qiu M, Liu J, Yi C, Luo D, Li Z, Gou H, Yang Y, Cao D, Shen Y, Wang X, Xu F, Bi F, Li Q, Zhang X, Li N, Wei W, Luo HY, Wang ZQ, Wang FH, Qiu MZ, Teng KY, Ruan DY, He YJ, Li YH, Xu RH, Matsusaka S, Mizunuma N, Suenaga M, Shinozaki E, Mishima Y, Terui Y, Hatake K, Nara E, Kodaira M, Mishima Y, Yokoyama M, Saotome T, Terui Y, Takahashi S, Hatake K, Nishimura N, Nakano K, Kodaira M, Ueda K, Yamada S, Mishima Y, Yokoyama M, Saotome T, Takahashi S, Terui Y, Hatake K, Nozawa M, Mochida Y, Nishigaki K, Nagae S, Uemura H, Oh SY, Jeong CY, Hong SC, Lee WS, Kim HG, Lee GW, Hwang IG, Jang JS, Kwon HC, Kang JH, Ozaka M, Ogura M, Matsusaka S, Shinozaki E, Suenaga M, Chin K, Mizunuma N, Hatake K, Pua PF, Ganzon D, Chan V, Sailaja K, Vishnupriya S, Raghunadharao D, Markandeya G, Reddy PRK, Reddanna P, Praveen D, Sakamoto K, Kanda T, Matsuki A, Takano T, Hanyu T, Yajima K, Kosugi S, Hirota S, Hatakeyama K, Shigekawa T, Ijichi N, Takayama S, Tsuda H, Ikeda K, Horie K, Osaki A, Saeki T, Inoue S, Subhashini J, Rajesh B, Rajesh I, Ravindran P, Takagi K, Chin K, Oba M, Kuboki Y, Ichimura T, Oto M, Kawazoe Y, Watanabe T, Ozaka M, Ogura M, Suenaga M, Shinozaki E, Matsusaka S, Mizunuma N, Hatake K, Ueda K, Saotome T, Yamada S, Nishimura N, Nara E, Nakano K, Kodaira M, Katsube A, Mishima Y, Terui Y, Yokoyama M, Takahashi S, Hatake K, Yao X, Yang Q, Li C, Diao L, Chen X, Yu Z, Zuo W, Wang Y, He Y, Zhang X, Cai S, Wang Z, Xu J, Zhan W, Zhang YF, Misumi M, Takeuchi H, Nakamiya N, Shigekawa T, Matsuura K, Fujiuchi N, Osaki A, Saeki T. CLINICAL OUTCOMES. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyq254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Brown JH, Burnside WR, Davidson AD, DeLong JP, Dunn WC, Hamilton MJ, Mercado-Silva N, Nekola JC, Okie JG, Woodruff WH, Zuo W. Energetic Limits to Economic Growth. Bioscience 2011. [DOI: 10.1525/bio.2011.61.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Mao H, Zhang L, Yang Y, Zuo W, Bi Y, Gao W, Deng B, Sun J, Shao Q, Qu X. New Insights of CTLA-4 into Its Biological Function in Breast Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2010; 10:728-36. [DOI: 10.2174/156800910793605811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Zhang L, Ma H, Greyner HJ, Zuo W, Mummert ME. Inhibition of cell proliferation by CD44: Akt is inactivated and EGR-1 is down-regulated. Cell Prolif 2010; 43:385-95. [PMID: 20590664 PMCID: PMC6496187 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2010.00689.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CD44 is a transmembrane glycoprotein and can facilitate signal transduction by serving as a platform for molecular recruitment and assembly. A number of studies have suggested that CD44 can either positively or negatively regulate cell proliferation. The purpose of this study was to investigate how CD44 can inhibit cell proliferation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We engineered E6.1 Jurkat cells to express CD44. Importantly, these cells lack endogenous CD44 expression. Molecular pathways involved with cell proliferation were studied using RT(2)-PCR array, siRNA, Western blotting and by employing pharmacological inhibitors of ERK1/2, p38 and the PI3K/Akt pathways. RESULTS We found that CD44 expression significantly inhibited cell proliferation and down-regulated EGR-1 expression and EGR-1 targets cyclin D1 and cyclin D2. Transfection of control E6.1 Jurkat cells with EGR-1 siRNA also inhibited cell proliferation, confirming its role. Disruption of the PI3K/Akt pathway with pharmacological inhibitors reduced both EGR-1 expression and cell proliferation, recapitulating the properties of CD44 expressing cells. Akt was hypophosphorylated in cells expressing CD44 showing its potential role in negatively regulating Akt activation. Strikingly, constitutively active Akt rescued the proliferation defect showing requirement for active Akt, in our system. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a novel pathway by which CD44 inactivates Akt, down-regulates EGR-1 expression and inhibits cell proliferation.
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Zuo W, Moses ME, Hou C, Woodruff WH, West GB, Brown JH. Response to Comments on “Energy Uptake and Allocation During Ontogeny”. Science 2009. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1171949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Abstract
UNLABELLED Real-time flow simulation is crucial for emergency management in buildings, such as fire and accidental or intentional release of chemical/biological agents (contaminants). The simulation results can then be used to impose proper measures to minimize casualties. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is accurate, but too time-consuming. Nodal models are fast, but not informative. To obtain a quick and informative solution, this study proposes an intermediate approach between nodal models and CFD by introducing a fast fluid dynamics (FFD) method. This investigation used the FFD methods with and without turbulence treatments to study systematically four basic flows in buildings, and compared the numerical results with the corresponding CFD results and the data from the literature. The results show that, on one hand, the FFD can offer much richer flow information than nodal models, but less accurate results than CFD. On the other hand, the FFD is 50 times faster than the CFD. The results also show that the FFD with the laminar assumption has the best overall performance as regards both accuracy and speed. It is possible to conduct faster-than-real-time flow simulations with detailed flow information by using the FFD method. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The paper introduces a fast fluid dynamics (FFD) method, which can simulate airflow and contaminant dispersion in buildings with real-time or faster-than-real-time speed and provide informative solutions. As an intermediate approach between nodal models and the computational fluid dynamics (CFD), the FFD can be a very useful tool for emergency management in case of fire and accidental or intentional release of chemical or biological agents in a building or around the buildings. The FFD can also be used as a preliminary test tool for quick assessment of indoor airflows before a detailed CFD analysis.
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Hou C, Zuo W, Moses ME, Woodruff WH, Brown JH, West GB. Energy uptake and allocation during ontogeny. Science 2008; 322:736-9. [PMID: 18974352 DOI: 10.1126/science.1162302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
All organisms face the problem of how to fuel ontogenetic growth. We present a model, empirically grounded in data from birds and mammals, that correctly predicts how growing animals allocate food energy between synthesis of new biomass and maintenance of existing biomass. Previous energy budget models have typically had their bases in rates of either food consumption or metabolic energy expenditure. Our model provides a framework that reconciles these two approaches and highlights the fundamental principles that determine rates of food assimilation and rates of energy allocation to maintenance, biosynthesis, activity, and storage. The model predicts that growth and assimilation rates for all animals should cluster closely around two universal curves. Data for mammals and birds of diverse body sizes and taxa support these predictions.
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Chen M, Du J, Jiang W, Zuo W, Wang F, Li M, Wu Z, Chan H, Zhou W. Functional expression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in rat oviduct epithelium. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/abbs/40.10.864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Moses M, Hou C, Woodruff W, West G, Nekola J, Zuo W, Brown J. Revisiting a Model of Ontogenetic Growth: Estimating Model Parameters from Theory and Data. Am Nat 2008; 171:632-45. [DOI: 10.1086/587073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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He JS, Wang Z, Wang X, Schmid B, Zuo W, Zhou M, Zheng C, Wang M, Fang J. A test of the generality of leaf trait relationships on the Tibetan Plateau. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2006; 170:835-48. [PMID: 16684242 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Leaf mass per area (LMA), nitrogen concentration (on mass and area bases, N(mass) and N(area), respectively), photosynthetic capacity (A(mass) and A(area)) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) are key foliar traits, but few data are available from cold, high-altitude environments. Here, we systematically measured these leaf traits in 74 species at 49 research sites on the Tibetan Plateau to examine how these traits, measured near the extremes of plant tolerance, compare with global patterns. Overall, Tibetan species had higher leaf nitrogen concentrations and photosynthetic capacities compared with a global dataset, but they had a slightly lower A(mass) at a given N(mass). These leaf trait relationships were consistent with those reported from the global dataset, with slopes of the standardized major axes A(mass)-LMA, N(mass)-LMA and A(mass)-N(mass) identical to those from the global dataset. Climate only weakly modulated leaf traits. Our data indicate that covarying sets of leaf traits are consistent across environments and biogeographic regions. Our results demonstrate functional convergence of leaf trait relationships in an extreme environment.
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Chen X, Zuo Y, Zuo W. [Observation on the clinical symptoms and sporocyst excretion in human volunteers experimentally infected with Sarcocystis hominis]. ZHONGGUO JI SHENG CHONG XUE YU JI SHENG CHONG BING ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY & PARASITIC DISEASES 2003; 17:25-7. [PMID: 12563811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the excretion of sporocysts and clinical manifestations in humans experimentally infected of Sarcocystis hominis. METHODS Three volunteers were infected by eating raw beef containing cysts of S. hominis. One ingested about 1,567 cysts in skeletal muscles of a naturally infected cattle; two volunteers each ingested about 14,740 cysts from an experimentally infected water buffalo meat. Fecal examination by zinc sulfate flotation method was conducted daily since d4 postinfection (pi). RESULTS Free sporocysts and oocysts were found in their faeces from d11-40, d12-23, d10-30 pi, and peaked at d18, d14, d14. All of them presented clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain, distension, watery diarrhea and eosinophilia 1 wk approximately 4 wk pi and were spontaneously cured within 29 days pi without taking any medicine. CONCLUSION All the experimentally infected persons had gastrointestinal symptoms and passed sporocysts and oocysts in faeces 10-12 days after infection and persisted for 11-29 days.
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Hoffmann B, Zuo W, Liu A, Morris NR. The LIS1-related protein NUDF of Aspergillus nidulans and its interaction partner NUDE bind directly to specific subunits of dynein and dynactin and to alpha- and gamma-tubulin. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:38877-84. [PMID: 11509576 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106610200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The NUDF protein of Aspergillus nidulans, which is required for nuclear migration through the fungal mycelium, closely resembles the LIS1 protein required for migration of neurons to the cerebral cortex in humans. Genetic experiments suggested that NUDF influences nuclear migration by affecting cytoplasmic dynein. NUDF interacts with another protein, NUDE, which also affects nuclear migration in A. nidulans. Interactions among LIS1, NUDE, dynein, and gamma-tubulin have been demonstrated in animal cells. In this paper we examine the interactions of the A. nidulans NUDF and NUDE proteins with components of dynein, dynactin, and with alpha- and gamma-tubulin. We show that NUDF binds directly to alpha- and gamma-tubulin and to the first P-loop of the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain, whereas NUDE binds directly to alpha- and gamma-tubulin, to NUDK (actin-related protein 1), and to the NUDG dynein LC8 light chain. The data suggest a direct role for NUDF in regulation of the dynein heavy chain and an effect on other dynein/dynactin subunits via NUDE. The interactions between NUDE, NUDF, and gamma-tubulin suggest that this protein may also be involved in the regulation of dynein function. Additive interactions between NUDE and dynein and dynactin subunits suggest that NUDE acts as a scaffolding factor between components.
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Han G, Liu B, Zhang J, Zuo W, Morris NR, Xiang X. The Aspergillus cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain and NUDF localize to microtubule ends and affect microtubule dynamics. Curr Biol 2001; 11:719-24. [PMID: 11369237 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein is a multisubunit, minus end-directed microtubule motor that uses dynactin as an accessory complex to perform various in vivo functions including vesicle transport, spindle assembly, and nuclear distribution [1]. We previously showed that in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, a GFP-tagged cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain (NUDA) forms comet-like structures that exhibited microtubule-dependent movement toward and back from the hyphal tip [2]. Here we demonstrate that another protein in the NUDA pathway, NUDF, which is homologous to the human LIS1 protein involved in brain development [3, 4], also exhibits such dynamic behavior. Both NUDA and NUDF are located at the ends of microtubules, and this observation suggests that the observed dynamic behavior is due to their association with the dynamic microtubule ends. To address whether NUDA and NUDF play a role in regulating microtubule dynamics in vivo, we constructed a GFP-labeled alpha-tubulin strain and used it to compare microtubule dynamics in vivo in wild-type A. nidulans versus temperature-sensitive loss-of-function mutants of nudA and nudF. The mutants showed a lower frequency of microtubule catastrophe, a lower rate of shrinkage during catastrophe, and a lower frequency of rescue. The microtubules in the mutant cells also paused longer at the hyphal tip than wild-type microtubules. These results indicate that cytoplasmic dynein and the LIS1 homolog NUDF affect microtubule dynamics in vivo.
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Zuo W, Wang Y, Li M. [Clinical significance of sentinel lymph node biopsy for breast cancer]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2001; 23:247-50. [PMID: 11783099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the significance of sentinel lymph node(SLN) biopsy (SLNB) in determining the extent of axillary dessection for cN0 breast cancer patients. METHODS In 96 patients with cN0 breast cancer, sentinel lymph nodes identified by patent blue-V or methylene blue staining were excised for biopsy. patients then received operations for breast cancer including axillary dessection. RESULTS SLN was identified in 91 patients. The total number of SLN identified was one in 54 cases(59.3%), 2 in 23 cases(25.3%) and > or = 3 in 14 cases(15.4%). In 24 of the 91 patients, SLN was positive for metastasis. In 13 the 24 patients, only SLN provided evidence of lymph node metastasis. The sensitivity of SLN biopsy was 87.5%, the specificity was 100%. It had 100% positive predictability and 95.7% negative predictability of lymph node metastasis. The accuracy rate of intraoperative imprint cytology examination of SLN was 92.1%, with a false negative rate of 10.0% and a false positive rate of 7.1%. The accuracy rate of frozen-section examination of SLN was 98.7% during operation, with a false negative rate of 5.0% but without false positive result. Immunohistochemical assay did not help demonstrate metastasis in SLN negative on routine pathologic examination. CONCLUSION The SLN status can generally be a representation of axillary metastasis, SLNB is useful to determine the extent of axillary dessection in cN0 breast cancer patients. Methylene blue is as effective as patent blue-V in the identification of SLN.
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Liu JY, Guo WJ, Wang SJ, Zuo W, Zhao Q, Yang YF. Nuclear stopping as a probe for in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross sections in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2001; 86:975-978. [PMID: 11177988 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.86.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2000] [Revised: 09/27/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Using an isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics, nuclear stopping in intermediate heavy ion collisions has been studied. The calculation has been done for colliding systems with different neutron-proton ratios in beam energy ranging from 15 MeV/ u to 150 MeV/ u. It is found that, in the energy region from above Fermi energy to 150 MeV/ u, nuclear stopping is very sensitive to the isospin dependence of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section, but insensitive to symmetry potential. From this investigation, we propose that nuclear stopping can be used as a new probe to extract the information on the isospin dependence of in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions.
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Yan W, Zuo W, Lin Q. [Evaluation of autonomic nervous function with heart rate variability and cardiovascular reflex tests in type II diabetes mellitus patients]. ZHONGHUA NEI KE ZA ZHI 2000; 39:670-3. [PMID: 11374173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate autonomic nervous function in simple diabetes mellitus patients, diabetic nephropathy(DN) patients and diabetes mellitus patients with accompanying coronary heart disease(DC) by studying heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiovascular reflex tests. METHODS 57 type II diabetes mellitus patients were divided into 3 groups: 29 of simple diabetes mellitus, 17 of DC, and 11 of DN. The three groups were matched to 15 healthy controls for age, HRV and three cardiovascular reflex tests were performed in all the patients. RESULTS The overall frequency of abnormal autonomic nervous function in 57 diabetes mellitus patients was 45.6%. All the diabetes mellitus groups especially the DN group were lower than a normal control group in time domain indexes and nonlinear dynamics indexes. As the patterns of R-R interval Poincare plots were concerned, the control group was mainly of comet-shaped pattern, the simple diabetes mellitus group was mainly of torpedo-shaped pattern, while the DN group and the DC group had more irregular patterns. CONCLUSION Decrease in HRV is an early clinical marker for evolving diabetic autonomic neuropathy. This method may be helpful for evaluating organ dysfunction in diabetes mellitus patients.
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Zuo W. [Progress in the prevention and control of whooping cough]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2000; 21:309-10. [PMID: 15468509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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Dai L, Shen H, Yu Y, Wang Y, Zuo W, Kan X. [Endometrial nuclear progesterone receptors in infertile women]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2000; 29:184-7. [PMID: 11866909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the endometrial nuclear progesterone receptors (PgR) as well as its relationship with retarded endometrial development (RED) in infertile women. METHODS The progesterone profile, endometrial nuclear progesterone receptors (PgR) and endometrial biopsies were studied by using (125)I radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemical technique in 53 infertile women during median luteal phase. When the endometrial dating lagged 2 days behind the dating as determined by luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, diagnosis of luteal phase defect (LPD) was made. According to progesterone profile and endometrial morphology, the patients were divided into three groups: normal, luteal phase defect (LPD) and pseudocorpus luteum insufficiency (PLI). RESULTS During median luteal phase, RED were found in all of 24 cases with LPD and PLI, but PgR contents were different in them. Mean progesterone profile of 9 cases of PLI cycles was normal (60.2 nmol/L) but the endometrial nuclear PgR appeared to be prominently lower than in normal cycles during the median luteal phase (P < 0.01). Average progesterone level of 15 cases of LPD cycles were significantly lower (29.9 nmol/L) but endometrial nuclear PgR were similar to normal group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Retarded endometrial development may have different causes. Measurement of endometrial nuclear PgR is of assistance in differential diagnosis.
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Xiang X, Han G, Winkelmann DA, Zuo W, Morris NR. Dynamics of cytoplasmic dynein in living cells and the effect of a mutation in the dynactin complex actin-related protein Arp1. Curr Biol 2000; 10:603-6. [PMID: 10837229 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(00)00488-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic dynein is a minus-end-directed microtubule motor that participates in multiple cellular activities such as organelle transport and mitotic spindle assembly [1]. To study the dynamic behavior of cytoplasmic dynein in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, we replaced the gene for the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain, nudA, with a gene encoding a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged chimera, GFP-nudA. The GFP-NUDA fusion protein is fully functional in vivo: strains expressing only the GFP-tagged nudA grow as well as wild-type strains. Fluorescence microscopy showed GFP-NUDA to be in comet-like structures that moved in the hyphae toward the growing tip. Retrograde movement of some GFP-NUDA comets after they arrived at the tip was also observed. These dynamics of GFP-NUDA were not observed in cells treated with a microtubule-destabilizing drug, benomyl, suggesting they are microtubule-dependent. The rate of GFP-NUDA tip-ward movement is similar to the rate of cytoplasmic microtubule polymerization toward the hyphal tip, suggesting that GFP-NUDA is associated and moving with the polymerizing ends of microtubules. A mutation in actin-related protein Arp1 of the dynactin complex abolishes the presence of these dynamic GFP-NUDA structures near the hyphal tip, suggesting a targeting role of the dynactin complex.
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Ma DC, Sun YH, Zuo W, Chang KZ, Chu JJ, Liu YG. CD34+ cells derived from fetal liver contained a high proportion of immature megakaryocytic progenitor cells. Eur J Haematol 2000; 64:304-14. [PMID: 10863976 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0609.2000.90038.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Endoreplication and maturation of the megakaryocyte (MK) may be retarded or delayed during ontogenesis. In this study, CD34+ cells were isolated from both human fetal liver and adult bone marrow and incubated with thrombopoietin (TPO). The cell number, morphological characteristics, platelet-associated antigen phenotype, maturation stage and DNA ploidy of CD41+ cells were examined from day 0 to day 12 in culture. 1) TPO stimulated the proliferation of fetal liver (FL)-derived CD34+ cells with a mean 73.14-fold increase of CD41+ cells after 12 d in culture. Adult BM-derived CD34+ cells increased only slightly, with a mean 8.18-fold increase of CD41+ cells. 2) Although the membrane phenotype of both FL CD34+-derived MKs and BM CD34+ -derived MKs analyzed with CD41a, CD42a, CD61 and CD34 were similar, all FL CD34+-derived MKs were in maturation stage I and II and in low ploidy (<4N) class. By comparison, BM CD34+ MKs possessed 15% MKs in maturation stage III and IV and with 23% MKs in high ploidy class ( > 4N). 3) Most of cultured FL-derived CD34+ cells did not have a well developed demarcation system (DM) and numerous alpha-granules after 12 d incubation. von Willebrand factor (vWF) appeared earlier on the cultured BM-derived CD34+ cells than on FL-derived CD34+ cells. 4) The expression of both cyclin E and cyclin B1 progressively increased in FL CD34+ cells induced by TPO during 12 d in culture. 5) The expression of cyclin D1 gradually decreased in FL CD34+ cells induced by TPO over 12 d incubation. 6) Immunocytochemical analysis showed that cyclin D3 was detected only in cytoplasm of cultured FL-derived CD34+ cells, whereas in both cytoplasm and nuclei of cultured BM-derived CD34+ cells. These data suggest that FL-derived CD34+ cells contain a high proportion of immature megakaryocytic progenitor cells. It further suggests that TPO can push these progenitor cells into proliferation by upregulating the expression of cyclins B1 and E, and drive a high proportion of cells into megakaryocytic lineage.
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Dai L, Wang Y, Shen H, Zuo W, Kan X. [The significance of endometrial biopsy during luteal median phase in diagnosis of luteal function]. ZHONGHUA BING LI XUE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1999; 28:344-7. [PMID: 11869546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the significance of progesterone profile and endometrial biopsy during luteal median phase in diagnosis of luteal function. METHODS The progesterone profile during median luteal phase and endometrial histology during median and late luteal phase of 53 infertile women with infertile and recurrent abortion for unknown reasons were studied. RESULTS Retarded endometrial development occurred in the median luteal phase in 24 of the 53 cases, 9 of which lasted into the late phase. The average progesterone profile of these patients was markedly lower compared with the control group (P < 0.05). However, the average progesterone profile remained normal in the other 13 cases, in whom, RED got normalized in the late luteal phase. Endometrial biopsies taken during the median and late luteal phase from the rest of 29 cases were normal. CONCLUSIONS In patients with retarded endometrial development during the full luteal phase, luteal function was decreased, but in patients with retarded endometrial development only during the median luteal phase, luteal function appeared to be normal.
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Xiang X, Zuo W, Efimov VP, Morris NR. Isolation of a new set of Aspergillus nidulans mutants defective in nuclear migration. Curr Genet 1999; 35:626-30. [PMID: 10467007 DOI: 10.1007/s002940050461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans, nuclear migration in the germ tube is mediated by cytoplasmic dynein. We have previously reported the characterization of four nud (nuclear distribution) genes, nudA, nudC, nudF and nudG, involved in this process. The nudA and nudG genes respectively encode for the heavy chain and the 8-kDa light chain of cytoplasmic dynein. In this work, we describe an improved method for the isolation of nud mutants that has led to the identification of at least ten additional nud loci. We have cloned one of the genes, nudK, and determined that it encodes the actin-related protein Arp1, which is a component of the dynactin complex. This provides the first evidence that dynactin is involved in nuclear migration in A. nidulans.
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