The high pressure gas capabilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory's neutron facilities

The study of samples subjected to high pressure gas is an important asset in materials research and has consequently been a priority of the sample environment development at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's (ORNL) neutron program. Such effort has resulted in the availability of an extensive combination of pressure cells and gas intensifiers (both commercially available and custom made). These resources are available across both neutron facilities at ORNL: the Spallation Neutron Source and the High Flux Isotope Reactor. Current capabilities include, for example, in situ measurements up to 6 kbar and a 3 kbar hydrogen-capable intensifier with a gas recovery feature. In this communication, we will review the existing suite of high pressure gas capabilities, with special emphasis on recent in-house developments. A number of examples will be presented to illustrate how such capabilities are being deployed on neutron beamlines to enable frontier science.

Time filtering of event based neutron scattering data: A pathway to study the dynamic structural responses of materials

Time-resolved diffraction has become a vital tool for probing dynamic responses to an applied stimulus. Such experiments traditionally use hardware solutions to histogram measured data into their respective bin. We will show that a major advantage of event-based data acquisition, which time-stamps measured diffraction data with 100 ns accuracy, is much preferred over hardware histogramming of the data by enabling postprocessing for advanced custom binning using a software solution. This approach is made even more powerful by coupling measured diffraction data with metadata about the applied stimuli and material response. In this work, we present a time-filter approach that leverages the power of event-based diffraction collection to reduce stroboscopic data measured over many hours into equally weighted segments that represent subsets of the response to a single cycle of the applied stimulus. We demonstrate this approach by observing ferroelectric/ferroelastic domain wall motion during electric field cycling of BaTiO₃. The developed approach can readily be expanded to investigate other dynamic phenomena using complex sample environments.

A suite-level review of the neutron single-crystal diffraction instruments at Oak Ridge National Laboratory

The nascent suite of single-crystal neutron diffractometers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory has no equal at any other neutron scattering facility worldwide and offers the potential to re-assert single-crystal diffraction using neutrons as a significant tool to study nuclear and magnetic structures of small unit cell crystals, nuclear structures of macromolecules, and diffuse scattering. Signature applications and features of single-crystal neutron diffraction are high resolution nuclear structure analysis, magnetic structure and spin density determinations, contrast variation (particularly D₂O/H₂O) for nuclear structural studies, lack of radiation damage when using crystals of biological molecules such as proteins, and the fidelity to measure nuclear and magnetic diffuse scattering with elastic discrimination.

Association between Ca/Mg/P status and suppurative tonsillitis in children

Suppurative tonsillitis (ST) is a common respiratory disease in children. This study aims to investigate the association between calcium (Ca)/magnesium (Mg)/phosphorus (P) and the risk of onset of suppuration in tonsillitis in children. Seventy children with ST and 61 age- and sex-matched children with non-ST were enrolled in this study. The association between Ca/Mg/P and suppuration risk in tonsillitis was investigated. The relationship between Ca/Mg/P and the potential risk factors for ST were also studied. White blood cell (WBC), platelet (PLT), c-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels were significantly higher in the ST group than those in the non-ST group (p less than 0.05). Mg and P levels were significantly lower in the ST group than those in the non-ST group (p less than 0.05). There was no obvious difference in Ca level between the ST group and the non-ST group (p=0.762). A significantly negative association between P and PCT was noted (r=-0.236, p=0.035). The results indicated that Mg/P disorder may be associated with the susceptibility to suppuration in children with tonsillitis, inflammatory indexes may reflect this risk.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Incidence of Early Allograft Dysfunction Following Liver Transplantation

OBJECTIVE

Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) is frequent complication post-liver transplantation and is closely related to recipient's mortality and morbidity. We sought to develop a nomogram for predicting incidence of EAD.

METHODS

Based on multivariate analysis of donor, recipient, and operation data of 199 liver transplants from deceased donors between 2013 and 2015, we identified 5 significant risk factors for EAD to build a nomogram. The model was subjected to prospective validation with a cohort of 42 patients who was recruited between January and June 2016. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation was showed by the calibration curve.

RESULTS

Incidence rate of EAD in the training set and validation cohort were 55.91% (104/199) and 54.76% (23/42), respectively. In the training set, according to the results of univariable and multivariable analysis, 5 independent risk factors including donor gender, donor serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level, donor serum urea level, donor comorbidities (respiratory, cardiac, and renal dysfunction), and recipient Model for End-stage Liver Disease score were identified and assembled into the nomogram. The AUC of internal validation using bootstrap resampling and prospective validation using the external cohort of 42 patients was 0.74 and 0.60, respectively. The calibration curves for probability of EAD showed acceptable agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation. According to the score table, the probability of EAD was under 30% when the total point tally was under 72. But when the total was up to 139, the risk of EAD increased to 60%.

CONCLUSION

We've established and validated a nomogram that can provide individual prediction of EAD for liver transplant recipients. The practical prognostic model may help clinicians to qualify the liver graft accurately, making a more reasonable allocation of organs.

[Association between the ApoB/A1 ratio and the vulnerability of LMCA plaque in the patients with stable angina pectoris]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between ApoB/A1 ratio and the characteristics of tissue components of their left main coronary artery(LMCA)plaque. Methods: A total of 98 patients with stable angina pectoris who received chronic statin treatment underwentpercutaneous coronary intervention in the People's Hospital of Henan Province from June 2010 to June 2016 were included.We prospectively performed intravascular ultrasound virtualhistology (IVUS-VH) to their LMCA and evaluated the tissue characteristics, and the blood level of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), triglyceride(TG), LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, ApoB, ApoA1, ApoB/A1 ratio were measured, then the association of the tissue characteristics with the aboved lipids values were analyzed. Results: According to the median value of their ApoB/A1ratios (0.80), they were divided into 2 groups [high ApoB/A1 ratio (>0.80) (n=49) and low ApoB/A1 ratio (≤0.80) (n=49)]. The patients with a high ApoB/A1 ratio had alarger fibrolipid volume and a smaller fibrous volume compared to patients with a low ApoB/A1 ratio ( 17.5%±1.2% vs 9.0%±1.0%, P=0.03 and 55.1%±2.1% vs 63.9%±1.8%, P<0.01). Using multivariate linear regression analysis after adjustment for the above-mentioned confounding factors, the ApoB/A1 ratio had a significantly positive correlation with fibrolipid volume (r=0.445, β=0.29, P=0.010)and had a negative correlation with fibrous volume (r=-0.567, β=-0.32, P=0.011), suggesting that the ApoB/A1 ratio was associated with the vulnerability of the LMCA plaque. Conclusion: For the patients with stable angina pectoris and chronic treatment of statins, a high ApoB/A1 ratio is associated with a high percentage of fibrolipid volume and a low percentage of fibrous volume in LMCA lesions, suggesting that the ApoB/A1 ratios could predict the vulnerability of the LMCA plaque.

Screening and comparison of polychromatic and monochromatic image reconstruction of abdominal arterial energy spectrum CT

We screened the suitable image reconstruction to observe the abdominal artery and compare the quality between the polychromatic and the monochromatic reconstruction images of the abdominal artery spectrum CT. Eighty patients underwent Gemstone CT energy spectrum imaging to obtain an abdominal artery polychromatic image (140 kVp) and a monochromatic image from 40 ~ 140 keV. The CT value of region of interest (ROI) was measured on the polychromatic image and the single energy image. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the abdominal aorta and hepatic artery were determined. The images in each group underwent image quality subjective scoring by three experienced radiologists using a blinded method. Finally, comprehensive comparisons and image quality subjective scorings were performed on the CT, SNR, and CNR values of the abdominal aorta. The obtained data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. When the keV value was reduced, the CT value of the abdominal artery gradually increased, and the image noise also changed. The comprehensive comparisons and subjective scorings were finalized for each single energy image based on the abdominal artery image quality objective indicators (CT value, SNR, and CNR). Results revealed that the abdominal artery image quality in the 50 ~ 60 keV monochromatic group was better compared to the polychromatic group. Furthermore, onochromatic imaging had different impacts on the abdominal aorta and hepatic artery image qualities. In different types of abdominal arterial reconstruction images obtained using abdominal energy spectrum CT conventional enhanced scanning, the image quality of the 50 ~ 60keV monochromatic reconstruction was higher when compared with the polychromatic reconstruction. Thus, it is recommended to apply the conventional reconstruction for abdominal artery energy spectrum CT scanning.

Self-assembly of molecular ions via like-charge ion interactions and through-space defined organic domains

Select tertiary ammonium bicarbonates self-assemble assisted by the first bicarbonate like-charge hydrogen-bonded ion pairs documented in an aqueous solution.

[Effect of lumbar dorsal muscle injuries on lumbar vertebral bone quality of rat]

Objective: To explored the effects of lumbar dorsal muscle damage on local lumbar vertebral bone quality. Methods: Thirty SD female rats, at age of 20 weeks, were randomly divided into three groups: control group, or say pseudo surgery group, an incision in the back were performed as CNT; bilateral erector spinal muscle group in which group bilateral lumbar erector spinal muscle were removed as RESM; castration group in which bilateral ovaries were resected as OVX.After three months, bone mineral density, microscopic CT and vertebral compression test were taken in lumbar vertebral (L4-6) in turn. Results: After three months bone mineral density in RESM group was obviously lower than the control group [(0.211±0.028) g/cm² vs(0.253±0.021) g/cm², P<0.01], however, there was no significant difference between OVX and RESM[(0.197±0.015) g/cm² vs(0.211±0.028) g/cm², P>0.05]. In microscopic CT three-dimensional reconstruction and bone histomorphometry analysis, compared with control group CNT , in the experimental groups OVX and RESM, bone trabecula of vertebral bodies were more sparse, the overall number and interconnection of trabecula were less.Especially in the OVX, osteoporotic trend of trabecular network trend is more obvious.In vertebral compression test, the maximum load, energy absorption, the maximum stress and elastic modulus in both OVX and RESM were significantly reduced (P<0.01). In the RESM the above four biomechanical parameters were significantly higher than those of OVX (P<0.05). Conclusion: Integrity and vigor of paravertebral muscles would be of great significance to maintain adjacent vertebral bone quality.Resection of lumbar dorsal muscles could lead to a significant decrease of local vertebral bone quality.Damage and atrophy of lumbar dorsal muscle could cause osteoporosis of vertebral bodies.

[Efficacy of thrombolytic therapy using reteplase in cases with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results from a multicenter clinical trial]

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous thrombolytic therapy using reteplase in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Method: A total of 73 hospitals from Henan province took part in this clinical trials during October 2012 to October 2014, 1 226 cases (1 014 male (82.7%), mean age 59.0 (51.0, 66.0) years) with acute STEMI received reteplase as thrombolytic agent.Reperfusion rate was judged according to the clinical symptoms, electrocardiogram, myocardial enzymes and heart rhythm, and the rate of cardiovascular events and bleeding events during hospitalization was also observed.Bleeding events were evaluated with global utilization of streptokinase and tissues plasminogen activator for occluded coronary arteries (GUSTO) criteria.Subgroup analysis was performed to compare the effects of various thrombolysis timing (time from onset to thrombolysis≤6 h or 6-12 h) on reperfusion rate, cardiovascular events and bleeding events rate. Results: The reperfusion rate was 89.3% (1 089/1 219) at 120 minutes after the thrombolysis, average recanalization time was (59.96±26.86) minutes.The reperfusion rate of ≤6 h thrombolysis group was significantly higher than in 6-12 hours group (90.3% (988/1094) vs. 80.8% (101/125), P=0.001), while in-hospital mortality (2.6%(28/1 094) and 0.8% (1/125), P=0.352) and rate of bleeding (5.9%(64/1 094) and 5.6%(7/125), P=0.910) were similar between the two groups. The total in-hospital mortality after thrombolysis was 2.4% (29/1219), which was significantly higher in failed recanalization group than in recanalization group (10.8%(14/130) vs. 1.4%(15/1089), P< 0.001). The total rate of bleeding after thrombolysis was 5.8% (71/1219), there were 3 severe bleeding cases according to GUSTO classification (0.2%), all of them were cerebral hemorrhage, and 2 out of 3 cases died. Conclusions: Reteplase use is related to high recanalization rate and low cardiovascular events and bleeding rate and our results thus show that reteplase is a safe and effective thrombolytic agent for STEMI patients.

[Efficacy and survival analysis of DICE regimen for 97 patients with relapsed or refractory Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma]

目的

观察DICE方案（顺铂＋异环磷酰胺＋依托泊苷＋地塞米松）治疗复发／难治非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）患者的疗效和安全性。

方法

回顾性分析2008年9月1日至2013年12月31日在北京大学肿瘤医院接受DICE方案治疗的97例复发／难治NHL患者的临床资料。

结果

①97例患者中男64例（65.08%），女33例（34.02%），中位年龄49(13~84）岁。T细胞淋巴瘤9例，B细胞淋巴瘤88例[其中弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（DLBCL）71例（73.20%）]。难治（原发耐药）60例（61.86%），一线治疗后复发37例。35例B细胞淋巴瘤患者联合应用利妥昔单抗。26例患者在挽救化疗结束后行自体造血干细胞移植（auto-HSCT）。②治疗后达到完全缓解（CR）、部分缓解（PR）患者分别为22、24例，总有效率（ORR）为47.42%（46/97）。复发组ORR高于难治组[67.57%（25/37）对35.00%（21/60），χ²=9.736，P= 0.002]。③全部97例患者中位随访时间为15.0 (1.5~80.0）个月，预期中位无进展生存（PFS）、总生存（OS）时间分别为12.0（95%CI 5.0~19.0）、26.0 (95%CI 6.0~45.9）个月。④auto-HSCT组（26例）与非auto-HSCT组（71例）中位OS时间差异无统计学意义[41.0 (95%CI 8.9~73.1）对22.0（95%CI 8.5~35.5）个月，P=0.361]。DICE方案获得CR/PR患者（46例）中位OS时间长于疾病稳定／进展患者（51例）（56.0个月对18.5个月，P<0.001）。利妥昔单抗组的中位OS时间长于非利妥昔单抗组（51.5个月对28.5个月，P=0.041）。多因素分析结果显示DICE方案近期疗效是OS的独立预后因素[HR=4.24 (95%CI 2.12~8.50），P<0.001]。⑤82例（84.54%）患者出现粒细胞减少，43例（41.24%）患者出现血小板减少，66例（68.04%）出现贫血，14例（14.43%）出现肝功能损伤，1例出现急性肾功能损伤，64例（65.98%）出现不同程度的消化道反应。无治疗相关死亡。

结论

DICE方案治疗复发／难治NHL患者有效，安全性良好；DICE方案治疗有效（CR/PR）的患者预期生存较好；DICE联合利妥昔单抗可延长B细胞淋巴瘤患者OS时间。

Extraordinary high ductility/strength of the interface designed bulk W-ZrC alloy plate at relatively low temperature

The refractory tungsten alloys with high ductility/strength/plasticity are highly desirable for a wide range of critical applications. Here we report an interface design strategy that achieves 8.5 mm thick W-0.5 wt. %ZrC alloy plates with a flexural strength of 2.5 GPa and a strain of 3% at room temperature (RT) and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature of about 100 °C. The tensile strength is about 991 MPa at RT and 582 MPa at 500 °C, as well as total elongation is about 1.1% at RT and as large as 41% at 500 °C, respectively. In addition, the W-ZrC alloy plate can sustain 3.3 MJ/m² thermal load without any cracks. This processing route offers the special coherent interfaces of grain/phase boundaries (GB/PBs) and the diminishing O impurity at GBs, which significantly strengthens GB/PBs and thereby enhances the ductility/strength/plasticity of W alloy. The design thought can be used in the future to prepare new alloys with higher ductility/strength.

Highly spectrum-selective ultraviolet photodetector based on p-NiO/n-IGZO thin film heterojunction structure

Ultraviolet photodetector with p-n heterojunction is fabricated by magnetron sputtering deposition of n-type indium gallium zinc oxide (n-IGZO) and p-type nickel oxide (p-NiO) thin films on ITO glass. The performance of the photodetector is largely affected by the conductivity of the p-NiO thin film, which can be controlled by varying the oxygen partial pressure during the deposition of the p-NiO thin film. A highly spectrum-selective ultraviolet photodetector has been achieved with the p-NiO layer with a high conductivity. The results can be explained in terms of the "optically-filtering" function of the NiO layer.

Effects of dietary electrolyte balance on growth performance, nitrogen metabolism and some blood biochemical parameters of growing rabbits

The effects of different dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) on growth performance, nitrogen (N) metabolism and some blood biochemical parameters were investigated in 2 to 3 months old growing rabbits. A total of 150 growing rabbits of 2 months age were randomly divided into five groups according to average body weight, with 30 rabbits in each group. The DEB levels of the five experimental diets were −154, −3.16, +201, +347, and +500 meq/kg of dry matter (DM), respectively. There was a 7-d adaptation period and a 23-d experimental period. The results showed that the DEB levels had a quadratic affect on the average daily feed intake (ADFI) (p<0.001). The greatest ADFI was achieved when the DEB level was +201 meq/kg DM. Fecal N (FN) content linearly decreased (0.047), while digestible N (DN), retained N (RN), efficiency of intake N converted into digestible N (DN/IN) and the efficiency of intake N converted into retained N (RN/IN) linearly increased with the DEB increase (0.020, 0.004, 0.021, and 0.049, respectively). Serum phosphorus (P) ion content linearly increased with the DEB increase (p = 0.036). The DEB had a quadratic relationship with serum anion gap (AG) (p = 0.002) and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) content (p = 0.016). The DEB levels quadratically affected base excess (BE) in the plasma (p<0.001). In conclusion, the DEB unaffected growth performance but affected feed intake, N metabolism and some blood biochemical parameters of growing rabbits.

Growth performance, meat quality and Fatty Acid metabolism response of growing meat rabbits to dietary linoleic Acid

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of different amounts of dietary linoleic acid (LA) on growth performance, serum biochemical traits, meat quality, fatty acids composition of muscle and liver, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT 1) mRNA expression in the liver of 9 wks old to 13 wks old growing meat rabbits. One hundred and fifty 9 wks old meat rabbits were allocated to individual cages and randomly divided into five groups. Animals in each group were fed with a diet with the following LA addition concentrations: 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g/kg diet (as-fed basis) and LA concentrations were 0.84, 1.21, 1.34, 1.61 and 1.80% in the diet, respectively. The results showed as follows: the dietary LA levels significantly affected muscle color of LL included a* and b* of experimental rabbits (p<0.05). The linear effect of LA on serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol was obtained (p = 0.0119). The saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) contents of LL decreased and the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) content of LL increased with dietary LA increase (p<0.0001). The PUFA n-6 content and PUFA n-3 content in the LL was significantly affected by the dietary LA levels (p<0.01, p<0.05). The MUFAs content in the liver decreased and the PUFAs contents in the liver increased with dietary LA increase (p<0.0001). The PUFA n-6 content and the PUFA n-6/n-3 ratio in the liver increased and PUFA n-3 content in the liver decreased with dietary LA increase (p<0.01). The linear effect of LA on CPT 1 mRNA expression in the liver was obtained (p = 0.0081). In summary, dietary LA addition had significant effects on liver and muscle fatty acid composition (increased PUFAs) of 9 wks old to 13 wks old growing meat rabbits, but had little effects on growth performance, meat physical traits and mRNA expression of liver relative enzyme of experimental rabbits.

Correlation and the mechanism of lithium ion diffusion with the crystal structure of Li7La3Zr2O12 revealed by an internal friction technique

The correlation and transport mechanism of lithium ions with the crystal structure of a fast lithium ion conductor Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ are mainly investigated by internal friction (IF) and AC impedance spectroscopy techniques.

Characteristics of unrecognised bipolar disorder in patients treated for major depressive disorder in China: general versus psychiatric hospitals

OBJECTIVES

Bipolar disorder is often misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder. Such misdiagnosis partly depends on the type of treatment setting. This study compared general hospital psychiatric units with psychiatric hospitals in China with respect to basic demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with unrecognised bipolar disorder who are treated for major depressive disorder.

METHODS

Patients treated for major depressive disorder were consecutively examined in 13 health centres (6 general hospital psychiatric units and 7 psychiatric hospitals) in China. Their socio-demographic and clinical features were recorded using a standardised protocol and data collection procedure. The DSM-IV diagnoses were established using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview.

RESULTS

Of the 1487 patients included in the study, 309 (20.8%) were diagnosed with bipolar disorder. There was no significant difference between general hospital psychiatric units and psychiatric hospitals in the ratio of all types of unrecognised bipolar disorders (χ2 = 0.008, degrees of freedom = 1, p = 0.9) and bipolar II disorders (χ2 = 3.1, degrees of freedom = 1, p = 0.08). The proportions of unrecognised bipolar I disorders (χ2 = 4.1, degrees of freedom = 1, p = 0.04) differed significantly between the 2 types of study site. Multivariate analyses showed that patients with bipolar I disorders with more seasonal depressive episodes were more likely to receive treatment in general hospital psychiatric units (odds ratio = 3.3, 95% confidence interval = 1.1-9.8).

CONCLUSION

Patients with bipolar I disorders receiving treatment in general hospital psychiatric units had different clinical characteristics compared to their counterparts treated in psychiatric hospitals in China.

Expression of a GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase-like gene in a Chinese wild Vitis species induces responses to Erysiphe necator and defense signaling molecules

Using rapid amplification of cDNA ends, a full-length cDNA sequence of a GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase-like gene was isolated from leaves infected by Erysiphe necator in the Chinese wild (Vitis pseudoreticulata) clone, 'Baihe-35-1', an E. necator-resistant genotype. The full-length cDNA, designated as VpVTC, comprised 1943 bp and putatively encodes a 453-amino acid polypeptide containing an HIT motif. The deduced amino acid sequence showed high similarity with that of VTC genes from other plants. The expression of VpVTC, determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, was induced by E. necator and defense signaling molecules, including salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethephon, in 'Baihe-35-1', the V. quinquangularis genotype 'Shang-24', and the E. necator-susceptible V. pseudoreticulata genotype, 'Hunan-1'. Transcript levels of VpVTC correlated well with the degree of disease resistance in the 3 genotypes. Maximum induction of VpVTC by E. necator (>7-fold at 96 h post-inoculation) occurred in 'Baihe-35-1', which also showed the fastest response to signaling molecules. Upregulating the expression of VpVTC in 'Baihe-35-1' resulted in a gradual increase in the ascorbic acid concentration of leaves inoculated with E. necator. Furthermore, VpVTC was expressed in leaves, stems, inflorescence, tendrils, and fruit at all developmental stages, with the highest level occurring in fruit 35 days after flowering.

Analysis of genetic diversity among Chinese wild Vitis species revealed with SSR and SRAP markers

The genetic diversity among 80 Vitis materials including 62 indigenous accessions of 17 wild Vitis species in China and 7 interspecific hybrids, 10 V. vinifera L. cultivars, and 1 V. riparia Michaux were evaluated by simple sequence repeat and sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers. A total of 10 simple sequence repeat primers and 11 sequence-related amplified polymorphism primer combinations were amplified, and 260 bands were generated, of which 252 were polymorphic with an average polymorphism rate of 97.02%. Genetic relationships among the different Vitis species indicated that V. ficifolia and V. yeshanensis could be considered a separate species. As for the 4 major ecogeographic regions of Chinese wild Vitis species, the genetic diversities of Chinese wild Vitis species from the Qinling Mountain region (H = 0.1947, I = 0.3067) and the mid-downstream Yangtze River region (H = 0.1834, I = 0.2925) were higher, with results suggesting that these regions may be one of the major centers of Vitis origin. An understanding of the genetic diversity of these Chinese wild Vitis species could provide the theoretical foundation for further protection and reasonable utilization in grape breeding.