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Tang L, Xu XF, Li HY, Zhao J. [Septal perforation repair with the pedicle mucosal flap of the floor of nasal cavity combining inferior turbinate pedicle mucosa flap]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 52:106-108. [PMID: 28219169 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Xu XF, Zhang J, Cui L, Wang YH, Yue Y, Chi L, Bai J, Li HM, Lu XX. [The value of different antibodies detection in diagnosis of rheumatism with uveitis]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2017; 97:285-290. [PMID: 28162159 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of HLA-B27 antigen, antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-dsDNA and Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) detection in diagnosis of rheumatism with uveitis. Methods: Seven hundred and twenty four newly diagnosed patients with non-infection uveitis in Beijing Tongren Hospital from March 2012 to March 2016 who long-term lived in Beijing and its surrounding areas were continuously enrolled. HLA-B27 antigen expressions in peripheral blood lymphocytes and ANA, anti-dsDNA and ANCA levels in serum were tested. The detailed clinical data, imaging examinations and pathological examinations were recorded to define whether the patients had rheumatism and the types of rheumatism. Results: There were 285 patients were diagnosed with rheumatism in 724 patients (39.4%), with 135 male (47.4%) and 150 female (52.6%). The mean age of male (41±14) was lower than that of female (44±14), with statistically significant (t=2.18, P<0.05). There were 176 patients with Spondyloarthropathies, 48 patients with primary systemic vasculitis, 22 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 18 patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome, 16 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 5 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in 285 rheumatism patients. The positive rate of HLA-B27(57.2%), ANA(15.8%), anti-dsDNA (5.3%) and ANCA(9.1%) in rheumatic uveitis patients were obviously higher than those of non-rheumatic uveitis patients [HLA-B27(1.1%), ANA(1.6%), anti-dsDNA (0.0%) and ANCA(0.9%)], with statistically significant (Fisher's exact test, P<0.01). The HLA-B27 positive antigen were mainly in patients with Spondyloarthropathies, rate was 92.1%; the positive ANA were mainly in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rate was 95.5%; the positive anti-dsDNA were mainly in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rate was 59.1%; the positive ANCA were mainly in patients with primary systemic vasculitis (besides Behcet disease), rate was 57.1%. Conclusions: The detections of HLA-B27 antigen, ANA, anti-dsDNA and ANCA are valuable for primary screening of some rheumatic uveitis. There fore, clinicians should select targeted laboratory examination combine with the patients' clinical manifestations. This will be helpful in the auxiliary diagnosis of some types of rheumatic uveitis.
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Liu HD, Yu H, Zhao JG, Xu XF, Wang NF, Wang W, He XY. [Value of MRI in prenatal diagnosis of abnormal fetal kidneys]. ZHONGHUA FU CHAN KE ZA ZHI 2016; 51:895-900. [PMID: 28057124 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the value of MRI in the prenatal diagnosis of abnormal fetal kidneys. Methods: From December 2014 to March 2016, 51 women underwent MRI and were confirmed as having fetuses with abnormal fetal kidneys when follow up. Their clinical and MRI profiles were analyzed retrospectively, including MRI manifestation, the fetal kidney signal intensity of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The signal intensity of DWI and ADC of the abnormal kidney and the normal opposite kidney, and those of the normal and abnormal kidneys in different individuals were compared. The accuracies of MRI and ultrasound in evaluating abnormal fetal kidneys were also compared. Results: MRI could accurately demonstrate the morphological features of abnormal fetal kidneys. There was no statistically significant difference between DWI signal intensity and ADC value of the abnormal kidney[368 ± 125, (1.516 ± 0.420) × 10-3 mm2/s] and the normal opposite one[410 ± 125, (1.362 ± 0.251) × 10-3 mm2/s], P values were 0.165 and 0.184, respectively. The DWI signal intensity of normal kidneys (401 ± 124) was higher than that of renal cysts (182 ± 40, P <0.01), and the ADC value of normal kidneys[(1.306 ± 0.252) × 10-3 mm2/s] was lower than that of renal cysts[(2.912 ± 0.235) × 10-3 mm2/s] and multicystic dysplastic kidneys[(1.870±0.654) ×10-3 mm2/s], P values were <0.01 and 0.045, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI and prenatal ultrasound for abnormal fetal kidneys were 94% (63/67) and 85% (57/67), respectively. However, there was no statistical difference between the two methods (P=0.070). Conclusion: MRI have an important role in the prenatal diagnosis and evaluation of abnormal fetal kidneys.
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Wu BH, Xu XF, Wang CR. Active gratings tuned by thermoplasmonics-induced phase transition in vanadium dioxide thin films. OPTICS LETTERS 2016; 41:5768-5771. [PMID: 27973497 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.005768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We propose and investigate an active grating of gold metallic structure on vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin film illuminated by an intense light. Nonuniform phase transition in VO2 film is expected due to the thermoplasmonics effect where the plasmonic-induced light absorption features an enhanced local heat generation at nanometer-scale. The spatial profiles of the electric field, the heat generation, and the temperature distribution, as well as the temperature-dependent dielectric parameters in VO2 film, are solved numerically in a self-consistent manner. Our results show that the evolution of the metallic and semiconducting phases of VO2 changes the effective dielectric environment of the grating and modifies its optical response in a controlled way. The interplay of the thermoplasmonics effect and the phase transition processes can thus provide another degree of freedom in designing optical modulators or switches which are remotely tunable via incident light.
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Xu XF, Yang W, Zhang XJ, Xie WJ. [Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma-induced linitis plastica and literatures review]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2016; 37:257. [PMID: 27033770 PMCID: PMC7342945 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2016.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hu JP, Cheng X, Xu XF, Yu GJ, Luo F, Zhang GS, Yang N, Shen P, Yan XY. Reactivity of patients with maintenance hemodialysis to erythropoietin in the treatment of renal anemia. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2016; 30:535-540. [PMID: 27358145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To explore the reactivity of patients with renal anemia (MHD) to erythropoietin (EPO) in maintenance hemodialysis (HD), 31 patients were enrolled in this study. According to the level of serum ferritin (SF), they were divided into two groups; one group received treatment using recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and the other group was given iron sucrose. Taking terminal EPO dosage, terminal erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) and rate of change of ERI (ΔERII) as target indexes, the influence of SF level on dosage of EPO was evaluated after usage conditions of relevant substances in a 3-month period. The results revealed that differences of dialysis age, albumin (ALB), blood calcium, initial and terminal SF, variable quantity of hemoglobin (Hb), terminal EPO and ERI between two groups had statistical significance. Furthermore, SF level and terminal EPO (r = -0.37, P < 0. 05) as well as SF level and terminal ERI (r = - 0.39, P <0.05) were negatively correlated. Difference of terminal ERI between the two groups had statistical significance. It can therefore be summarized that supplementing an iron agent intravenously to maintain SF level between 500 ng/ml and 1200 ng/ml may improve reactivity of patients with MHD to EPO. In addition, rHuEPO therapy in treating anemia of patients with MHD has the same effect with intravenous drug delivery, less side effects and is easy to administer.
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Xu XF, Hu JP, Cheng X, Yu GJ, Luo F, Zhang GS, Yang N, Shen P. Effects of sodium ferrous chlorophyll treatment on anemia of hemodialysis patients and relevant biochemical parameters. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2016; 30:135-140. [PMID: 27049084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the effects of sodium ferrous chlorophyll treatment on the anemia of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, as well as the relevant biochemical parameters. We selected 72 patients who had received regular MHD treatment two or three times a week for more than 3 months in the Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhengzhou City of Henan Province from March 2014 to March 2016. They were equally divided into a treatment group and a control group. Haemoglobin (HB) and hematocrit (HCT) of the treatment group increased significantly after treatment (p < 0.01), but less in the control group (p < 0.05); Also serum ferritin (SF) and transferrin saturation (TAST) of the treatment group increased significantly after treatment (p < 0.01); SF of the control group also increased significantly (p < 0.01) and TAST of the control group increased (p < 0.05) but less than in the treatment group. No obvious changes of serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), C-reactive protein (CRP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were found in either groups after treatment (p>0.05). Albumin (ALB) dosage of the treatment group increased after treatment (p < 0.05) while hemopoietin (EPO) decreased significantly (p < 0.01). ALB and EPO of the control group had no obvious changes after treatment (p>0.05). ALB level of the treatment group increased more significantly than in the control group (p < 0.05), while EPO dosage decreased more significantly than in the control group (p <0.05). Therefore, the combination of conventional western medicine and sodium ferrous chlorophyll can effectively improve anemia conditions of MHD patients and their quality of life.
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Xu XF, Cheng XL, Lin QH, Li SS, Jia Z, Han T, Lin RC, Wang D, Wei F, Li XR. Identification of mountain-cultivated ginseng and cultivated ginseng using UPLC/oa-TOF MSE with a multivariate statistical sample-profiling strategy. J Ginseng Res 2015; 40:344-350. [PMID: 27746686 PMCID: PMC5052403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) and cultivated ginseng (CG) both belong to Panax ginseng and have similar ingredients. However, their pharmacological activities are different due to their significantly different growth environments. Methods An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)-based approach was developed to distinguish MCG and CG. Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal component analysis and supervised orthogonal partial-least-squares discrimination analysis were used to select the influential components. Results Under optimized UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS conditions, 40 ginsenosides in both MCG and CG were unambiguously identified and tentatively assigned. The results showed that the characteristic components of CG and MCG included ginsenoside Ra3/isomer, gypenoside XVII, quinquenoside R1, ginsenoside Ra7, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Ra2, ginsenoside Rs6/Rs7, malonyl ginsenoside Rc, malonyl ginsenoside Rb1, malonyl ginsenoside Rb2, palmitoleic acid, and ethyl linoleate. The malony ginsenosides are abundant in CG, but higher levels of the minor ginsenosides were detected in MCG. Conclusion This is the first time that the differences between CG and MCG have been observed systematically at the chemical level. Our results suggested that using the identified characteristic components as chemical markers to identify different ginseng products is effective and viable.
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Guo YQ, Zou Y, Cao ZJ, Xu XF, Yang ZS, Li SL. Evaluation of coarsely ground wheat as a replacement for ground corn in the diets of lactating dairy cows. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 26:961-70. [PMID: 25049874 PMCID: PMC4093492 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Eight multiparous Holstein cows (569±47 kg of BW; 84±17 DIM) were used to evaluate the effects of different levels of coarsely ground wheat (CGW) as replacements for ground corn (GC) in diets on feed intake and digestion, ruminal fermentation, lactation performance, and plasma metabolites profiles in dairy cows. The cows were settled in a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with 3-wk treatment periods; four cows in one of the replicates were fitted with rumen cannulas. The four diets contained 0, 9.6, 19.2, and 28.8% CGW and 27.9, 19.2, 9.6, and 0% GC on dry matter (DM) basis, respectively. Increasing dietary levels of CGW, daily DM intake tended to increase quadratically (p = 0.07); however, apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were significantly decreased (p<0.01) in cows fed the 28.8% CGW diets. Ruminal pH remained in the normal physiological range for all dietary treatments at all times, except for the 28.8% CGW diets at 6 h after feeding; moreover, increasing dietary levels of CGW, the daily mean ruminal pH decreased linearly (p = 0.01). Increasing the dietary levels of CGW resulted in a linear increase in ruminal propionate (p<0.01) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) (p = 0.06) concentration, while ruminal acetate: propionate decreased linearly (p = 0.03) in cows fed the 28.8% CGW diets. Milk production was not affected by diets; however, percentage and yield of milk fat decreased linearly (p = 0.02) when the level of CGW was increased. With increasing levels of dietary CGW, concentrations of plasma beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) (p = 0.07) and cholesterol (p<0.01) decreased linearly, whereas plasma glucose (p = 0.08), insulin (p = 0.02) and urea nitrogen (p = 0.02) increased linearly at 6 h after the morning feeding. Our results indicate that CGW is a suitable substitute for GC in the diets of dairy cows and that it may be included up to a level of 19.2% of DM without adverse effects on feed intake and digestion, ruminal fermentation, lactation performance, and plasma metabolites if the cows are fed fiber-sufficient diets.
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Xu J, Cheng YQ, Chen B, Bai R, Li S, Xu XF, Xu L, Wen JF, Lu ZP, Zeng XF. Depression in systemic lupus erythematosus patients is associated with link-polymorphism but not methylation status of the 5HTT promoter region. Lupus 2013; 22:1001-10. [PMID: 23893825 DOI: 10.1177/0961203313498793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A higher prevalence of depression in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients has been reported, though the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. The present study was conducted to explore whether the polymorphism and methylation status of the serotonin transporter gene (5HTT) promoter region (PR-5HTT) contribute to depression in SLE patients from both genetic and epigenetic perspectives. In this study, 96 SLE patients and 96 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. Depression levels of all subjects were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The serotonin transporter-linked polymorphism (5HTTLPR) and the DNA methylation status of PR-5HTT were detected in peripheral lymphocytes of SLE patients and HCs. The differences in 5HTTLPR and DNA methylation of PR-5HTT between SLEs and HCs were compared. In SLE patients, the frequencies of short allele (S) and SS genotype of 5HTTLPR were higher in depressive SLE (SLE-D) patients than in non-depressive SLE (SLE-ND) patients. The mean HDRS score of SS homozygote patients was higher than that of patients with SL/LL genotypes. Conversely, PR-5HTT was hypomethylated in HCs as well as SLE patients. There was no difference in the methylation status between HCs and SLEs. Thus, the functional expression of PR-5HTT may be primarily regulated by gene polymorphism and not by DNA methylation. The risk allele of 5HTTLPR appears to be a major contributor to depression in SLE patients.
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Xu J, Zhang GL, Cheng YQ, Chen B, Dong Y, Li LQ, Xu L, Xu XF, Lu ZP, Wen JF. Hypomethylation of the HTR1A promoter region and high expression of HTR1A in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2011; 20:678-89. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203310394892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Beyerlein IJ, Porwal PK, Zhu YT, Hu K, Xu XF. Scale and twist effects on the strength of nanostructured yarns and reinforced composites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:485702. [PMID: 19880980 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/48/485702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this work we investigate the effects of yarn diameter and gauge length on the statistical strength of yarns spun from carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Tensile tests are conducted on a large sample set of nanostructured CNT yarns. The data show that strength varies substantially and both strength and statistical dispersion in strength decreases as yarn diameter increases. To explain these phenomena and forecast their effects on larger-scale structures, a hierarchical set of Monte Carlo simulation models is developed: the lower-scale model aims to predict the relationship between yarn nanostructure and tensile strength and the higher-scale model aims to relate the strength of CNT yarns to the strength of composites reinforced with unidirectionally aligned CNT yarns. Predictions indicate that, for both structures, the mean and statistical variation in strength will decrease as the surface twist angle, number of CNTs in cross section and gauge length of the yarn increases. The predicted reductions in variability due to yarn nanostructure will be important for determining ways to minimize the detrimental effects of increasing length scale on strength.
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Xu XF, Kahan A, Zilberg S, Haas Y. Photoreactivity of a push-pull merocyanine in static electric fields: a three-state model of isomerization reactions involving conical intersections. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:9779-91. [PMID: 19725583 DOI: 10.1021/jp904097k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photochemistry of a prototype push-pull merocyanine is discussed using a simple three-state model. As a derivative of butadiene, the model focuses on two isomerization reactions around the two double bonds of the butadiene backbone. As a molecule substituted by an electron donor and electron acceptor at opposite ends, its structure as well as its photochemistry are expected to be strongly affected by the environment. In polar solvents, a zwitterion transition state for each of the isomerization reactions is stabilized, and its energy is on the same order as that of the biradical one; this leads to the symmetry allowed crossing (S(0)/S(1) conical intersection). It is shown that applying an external electric field or varying the solvent polarity changes the relative energies of the different transition states as well as that of the conical intersection, and thus different photochemical products can be obtained. In particular, the very existence of conical intersections is found to depend on these external parameters. This work provides a theoretical foundation for ideas expressed by Squillacote et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2004, 126, 1940) concerning the electrostatic control of photochemical reactions.
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Wang CP, Ma SJ, Xu XF, Wang JF, Mei CZ, Yang GH. The prevalence of household second-hand smoke exposure and its correlated factors in six counties of China. Tob Control 2009; 18:121-6. [PMID: 19131456 PMCID: PMC2655043 DOI: 10.1136/tc.2008.024836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the prevalence of, and discuss factors contributing to, household second-hand smoke exposure in six counties in China, providing scientific support for the need to establish tobacco control measures in these areas. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed. Investigators conducted face-to-face interviews using a standardised questionnaire to collect information on demographics, passive smoking behaviours and knowledge, and attitudes towards tobacco control. The setting was six counties from the three provinces: Mianzhu and Xichong counties in Sichuan Province; Anyi and Hukou counties in Jiangxi Province; and Xinan and Yanshi counties in Henan Province. A total of 8142 non-smokers (aged 18–69) in 2004 were included in the data analysis. Household second-hand smoke exposure rate as defined as the proportion of household passive smokers in the non-smoker population was used as the measure of household second-hand smoke exposure. Results: The analysis of 8142 non-smokers revealed that, in these selected counties, the household second-hand smoke exposure rate was 48.3%. Respondents had positive attitudes towards tobacco control. Of 6972 respondents, 84.4% supported all the three tobacco control policies (banning smoking in public places, banning the selling of cigarettes to minors, banning all cigarette advertisements). In 3165 families with smokers, 87.2% of respondents reported that smokers would smoke in front of them. In 2124 families with smokers and children, 76.5% of respondents reported that smokers would smoke in front of children. As many as 42.1% of non-smokers would offer cigarettes to their guests, and only 46.8% of respondents would ask smokers to smoke outdoors. Only 6.3% of families completely forbade smoking at home. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed high second-hand smoke exposure for the following demographic groups: Jiangxi Province inhabitants, females, those with low education level, farmers and married respondents. Conclusions: Household second-hand smoke exposure rates in the selected counties were high. A high percentage of respondents reported that smokers would smoke in front of them and children. The pressure from non-smokers against smoking was relatively low, although offering cigarette was prevalent. Households that were completely smoking-free were rare, Further studies on these correlated factors could help us establish effective measures to reduce household second-hand smoke exposure.
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Cao Y, Chen CH, Wu YF, Xu XF, Xie RG, Tang JB. Digital oedema, adhesion formation and resistance to digital motion after primary flexor tendon repair. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2008; 33:745-52. [PMID: 18936126 DOI: 10.1177/1753193408096022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of digital oedema, adhesion formation, and resistance to digital motion at days 0, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 14 after primary flexor tendon repairs using 102 long toes of 51 Leghorn chickens was studied. Oedema presented as tissue swelling from days 3 to 7, which peaked at day 3. After day 7, oedema was manifest as hardening of subcutaneous tissue. The degree of digital swelling correlated with the resistance to tendon motion between days 3 and 7. At day 9, granulation tissues were observed around the tendon and loose adhesions were observed at day 14. Resistance to digital motion increased significantly from day 0 to day 3, but did not increase between days 3 and 9. The early postoperative changes appear to have three stages: initial (days 0-3, increasing resistance with development of oedema), delayed (days 4-7, higher resistance with continuing oedema) and late (after day 7-9, hardening of subcutaneous tissue with development of adhesions).
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Xu XF, Cai LZ, Wang YR, Meng XF, Cheng XC, Zhang H, Dong GY, Shen XX. Correction of wavefront reconstruction errors caused by light source intensity instability in phase-shifting interferometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4258/10/8/085008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Xu XF, Xu ZA, Liu TJ, Fobes D, Mao ZQ, Luo JL, Liu Y. Band-dependent normal-state coherence in Sr2RuO4: evidence from Nernst effect and thermopower measurements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 101:057002. [PMID: 18764419 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.057002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement on the Nernst effect in the normal state of the odd-parity, spin-triplet superconductor Sr2RuO4. Below 100 K, the Nernst signal was found to be negative, large, and, as a function of magnetic field, nonlinear. Its magnitude increases with the decreasing temperature until reaching a maximum around T* approximately equal to 20-25 K, below which it starts to decrease linearly as a function of temperature. The large value of the Nernst signal appears to be related to the multiband nature of the normal state and the nonlinearity to band-dependent magnetic fluctuation in Sr2RuO4. We argue that the sharp decrease in the Nernst signal below T* is due to the suppression of quasiparticle scattering and the emergence of band-dependent coherence in the normal state.
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Cheng XC, Cai LZ, Wang YR, Meng XF, Zhang H, Xu XF, Shen XX, Dong GY. Security enhancement of double-random phase encryption by amplitude modulation. OPTICS LETTERS 2008; 33:1575-1577. [PMID: 18628802 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.001575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Conventional double-random phase encoding is vulnerable to a chosen or known plaintext attack owing to the linearity of the system. We introduce a technique to break down this linearity with an undercover amplitude modulation in the encryption scheme. As an additional key, this operation can significantly enhance the security of the system. A series of computer simulations have shown the effectiveness of this method and its resistance against the known plaintext attack. The design and parameter choice of the amplitude modulator is also discussed.
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Xu XF, Cai LZ, Wang YR, Meng XF, Sun WJ, Zhang H, Cheng XC, Dong GY, Shen XX. Simple direct extraction of unknown phase shift and wavefront reconstruction in generalized phase-shifting interferometry: algorithm and experiments. OPTICS LETTERS 2008; 33:776-778. [PMID: 18414529 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An algorithm to extract the arbitrary unknown phase shift and then reconstruct the complex object wave in generalized phase-shifting interferometry (GPSI) without the iteration process and measurement of object wave intensity is proposed. This method can be used for GPSI of any frame number >or=2. Both computer simulations with smooth and diffusing object surfaces and optical experiments have verified the effectiveness of this method over a wide range of phase shifts with very satisfactory results.
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Xie RG, Cao Y, Xu XF, Zhu B. The gliding force and work of flexion in the early days after primary repair of lacerated flexor tendons: an experimental study. J Hand Surg Eur Vol 2008; 33:192-6. [PMID: 18443062 DOI: 10.1177/1753193408087035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We measured the resistance to tendon mobilisation within the first 5 days after primary repair of digital flexor tendons of chickens. Forty-six long toes of 23 chickens were assigned to six surgical groups and one unoperated control group. The tendons were partially lacerated and surgically repaired. The resistance to simulated active digital flexion was assessed in six operated groups at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days postoperatively. The force of tendon motion and work of flexion increased gradually from day 0 to day 5. The force and work at days 4 and 5 were significantly higher than those at days 0 and 1. No statistical difference was found in the resistance at days 0, 1, 2 and 3. Our results indicate that the gliding resistance gradually increases over the first 5 days after surgery and suggest that tendon motion may be started after the first 3 days, to avoid moving during this period of increased resistance with increased risk of tendon rupture.
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Meng XF, Cai LZ, Wang YR, Yang XL, Xu XF, Dong GY, Shen XX, Zhang H, Cheng XC. Hierarchical image encryption based on cascaded iterative phase retrieval algorithm in the Fresnel domain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1088/1464-4258/9/11/017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Shen XX, Yang XL, Cai LZ, Dong GY, Meng XF, Xu XF, Wang YR. Negative refractions in two-dimensional photonic crystals formed by holographic lithography. OPTICS EXPRESS 2007; 15:8003-8009. [PMID: 19547128 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.008003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We present a study on negative refractions in the four lowest bands of two-dimensional (2D) square lattices formed by holographic lithography (HL) and compare these features with those of a lattice of the same kind but with regular dielectric columns. The plane wave calculations and FDTD simulations have shown that in some bands or for some interfaces the negative refraction can only happen in holographic structures, and generally the rightness of holographic structures and regular structures of the same kind may be different.
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Dong GY, Cai LZ, Yang XL, Shen XX, Meng XF, Xu XF, Wang YR. Holographic design and band gap evolution of photonic crystals formed with five-beam symmetric umbrella configuration. OPTICS EXPRESS 2006; 14:8096-8102. [PMID: 19529181 DOI: 10.1364/oe.14.008096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We propose a holographic design of five-beam symmetric umbrella configuration, where there are a central beam and four ambient beams symmetrically scattered around the central one with the same apex angle, for fabrication of three-dimensional photonic crystals with tetragonal or cubic symmetries, and systematically analyzed the band gap properties of resultant photonic crystals when the apex angle is continuously increased. Our calculations reveal that large complete photonic band gaps exist in a wide range of apex angle for a relatively low refractive index contrast. Specifically, the face-centered cubic structure with a relative band gap of 25.1% for epsilon = 11.9 can be obtained with this recording geometry conveniently where all the beams are incident from the same half-space. These results will provide us with more understanding of this important recording geometry and give guidelines to its use in experiments.
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Xu XF, Cai LZ, Meng XF, Dong GY, Shen XX. Fast blind extraction of arbitrary unknown phase shifts by an iterative tangent approach in generalized phase-shifting interferometry. OPTICS LETTERS 2006; 31:1966-8. [PMID: 16770400 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.001966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel fast convergent algorithm to extract arbitrary unknown phase shifts in generalized phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) is proposed and verified by a series of computer simulations. In this algorithm an error function is introduced and then the unknown phase shifts are found by an iterative tangent approach. In combination with the statistical method, this algorithm can give the most exact results in the fewest iteration steps. It can be used for generalized PSI of arbitrary frames for both smooth and diffusing objects and can usually reach the exact phase shifts with only four or five iterations for three- or four-frame PSI.
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Meng XF, Cai LZ, Xu XF, Yang XL, Shen XX, Dong GY, Wang YR. Two-step phase-shifting interferometry and its application in image encryption. OPTICS LETTERS 2006; 31:1414-6. [PMID: 16642123 DOI: 10.1364/ol.31.001414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) needs at least three interferograms. A novel algorithm of two-step PSI, with an arbitrary known phase step, by which a complex object field can be reconstructed with only two interferograms is proposed. This algorithm is then applied to an information security system based on double random-phase encoding in the Fresnel domain. The feasibility of this method and its robustness against occlusion and additional noise attacks are verified by computer simulations. This approach can considerably improve the efficiency of data transmission and is very suitable for Internet use.
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