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Huo JT, Wang XN, Duan YS, Fu QY, Chen BY. [First Long-Term Study of Atmospheric New Particle Formation in the Suburb of Shanghai from 2015 to 2017]. HUAN JING KE XUE= HUANJING KEXUE 2019; 40:4791-4800. [PMID: 31854544 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201903090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, long-term continuous monitoring of atmospheric new particle formation was conducted from 2015 to 2017 in the Shanghai suburbs using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Combined with meteorological parameters, gaseous pollutants, and PM2.5 chemical composition data, the characterization of new particle formation was analyzed. The results of data analysis showed there were 172 new particle formation (NPF) days in the Shanghai suburbs, accounting for 18.3% of the total effective days (942 d). Typical new particle formation days (Event) and new particle growth-shrinkage (Shrinkage) days were 150 d and 32 d, respectively. The frequency of NPF occurrence was the highest in spring and summer, followed by autumn and winter. Compared with non-new particle formation (Non-NPF) days, Event and Shrinkage days had higher temperature and wind speed, lower humidity, less rainfall, and stronger solar radiation. The ratio of Event days was the highest when the prevailing wind was southerly, southwesterly, or westerly, and when the air masses were mainly from the vegetation cover and agricultural planting areas in the Taihu Lake Basin. The prevailing wind directions for Non-NPF and Shrinkage days were northeasterly and easterly to southeasterly. On the Event days, SO2 and O3 were higher than that on the Non-NPF days, indicating gaseous sulfuric acid and photochemical reactions were key contributors to new particle formation. Higher PM10 concentration was detected on the Event days than on the Non-NPF days, which may be attributed to the photocatalytic reaction. All the pollutant concentrations were the lowest on Shrinkage days, except that of O3. The average concentrations of inorganic components of PM2.5, such as NH4+, SO42-, and NO3- were higher on Event than on Non-NPF days in fall, whereas the opposite results were observed in other seasons. The average concentration of organic carbon on Event days was higher than that on Non-NPF days in each season. The concentrations of PM2.5 components on Shrinkage days were the lowest. However, the ratio of organic carbon on Shrinkage days was higher than that on Non-NPF days in spring, summer, and winter. The higher ratio of organic carbon on the NPF days than on the Non-NPF days suggested an important role of organic matter in the formation and growth of new particles in the suburbs of Shanghai.
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Xu H, Zhang GX, Zou XF, Wang XN, Wu GQ, Xia W, Yuan YH, Xiao RH, Wu YT, Liao YF, Jiang B, Chen HM, Liu QL, Xie TP. [Suprapubic-assisted laparoendoscopic single-site surgery in nephroureterectomy A case series of 4 patients]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2019; 99:2840-2843. [PMID: 31550813 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.36.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and clinical value of suprapubic-assisted laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (SA-LESS) in nephroureterectomy using method of transvaginal natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) (SA-LESS+TV-NOSE NU). Methods: Four patients (three cases of renal pelvic carcinoma and one case of ureteral carcinoma) undergoing SA-LESS+TV-NOSE NU were enrolled between April 2015 and January 2016. After general anesthesia, the patients were placed in the lithotomy position with the affected side elevated by 60°. Two trocars were inserted at the medial margin of umbilicus, and the third one was inserted into abdominal cavity at the superior margin of pubic symphysis. The operation was performed under a direct vision with a 5.4 mm 0° flexible-tip laparoscope. Firstly, the distal ureter was isolated completely and blocked by a Hem-O-lok clip. Then, the laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed according to the standard method. Finally, the bladder cuff excision was executed and the incision was sutured. The intact specimen was placed inside a homemade bag and removed through the incision at posterior vaginal fornix. Results: All the procedures were successfully performed. The median operative time was 150 (range: 120 to 210) minutes, and the median estimated blood loss was 180 (range: 80 to 350) ml. No major perioperative complications occurred. The mean visual analogue score (VAS) of 24 hours and 48 hours after operation were 3.25 (range: 2 to 5) and 2.25 (range: 2 to 3). All the patients resumed ambulation on postoperative day 1. Pelvic drainage tube was removed on postoperative day 2-4. On postoperative day 7, urethral catheter was removed. The patients were discharged on postoperative day 7-9. During the follow-up of 20-29 months, the patient recovered well with no case of incisional hernia and pelvic, abdominal infections. The vaginal fornix incision healed well, and the umbilical and suprapubic puncture scars were not obvious. All the patients completed the patient-assessed acromegaly symptom questionnaire PASQ. The average PSAQ score of 3 months after surgery was 34.5. Three of them restarted their sex lives, with an average female sexual function index score of 16.0, which was not significantly different with that of preoperation (15.6). There was no tumor recurrence, metastasis and implantation in all cases. Conclusion: SA-LESS+TV-NOSE NU is safe and feasible for upper tract urothelial carcinoma with faster postoperative recovery, less pain, shorter hospitalization time, better cosmetic results, and does not cause negative effect on the female sexual function.
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Tan GX, Wang XN, Tang YY, Cen WJ, Li ZH, Wang GC, Jiang JW, Wang XC. PP-22 promotes autophagy and apoptosis in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, downregulating STAT3 signaling, and modulating the MAPK pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:2618-2630. [PMID: 30191969 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, named Chong Lou, is considered an antitumor substance. In this study, we investigated the effect of PP-22, a monomer purified from P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, on the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 in vitro. The results showed that PP-22 could inhibit the proliferation of CNE-2 cells via the induction of apoptosis, with evidence of the characteristic morphological changes in the apoptosis in the nucleus and an increase in Annexin V-positive cells. In addition, we found that PP-22 could activate the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and that this activation was reversed by SB203580, a specific inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway. In contrast, PP-22 promoted apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway, including the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, in a caspase-dependent manner. A further study showed that PP-22 also induced apoptosis by downregulating the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, and the inhibitory effect was also confirmed by STAT3 small interfering RNA. In addition, PP-22 could promote autophagy by inhibiting the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) pathway. And autophagy plays a protective role against apoptosis. Together, these data show that PP-22 promotes autophagy and apoptosis in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cell line.
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Liu MY, Zhang YJ, Ma Y, Li QH, Liu Y, Feng W, Wang XN, Li WM, Guo XH. [Series study on the relationship between air quality index and tuberculosis incidence in Beijing]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2019; 39:1565-1569. [PMID: 30572379 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the effect of air quality index (AQI) on the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Beijing, and to provide evidence for setting up a better program regarding prevention and control of tuberculosis. Methods: Generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the association between AQI and the incidence of tuberculosis in Beijing, from January 1, 2014 to November 9, 2016. Confounding factors as meteorological conditions and time trends were under control. Results: In Beijing, a total of 14 533 TB cases with definite dates of onset were collected during the study period, with 36 children excluded from the study. Finally, 14 497 cases were included in the study, including 9 513 men and 4 984 women, with 11 290 adults (15-59 years old) and 3 207 elderly (≥60 years old). Data from the optimal single-day lag effect of GAM showed that,with every 10 increase of AQI, the percent of increase on the onsets of overall, male, female and adult; tuberculosis cases were 0.85% (95%CI: 0.26%-1.44%), 0.83% (95%CI: 0.24%-1.42%), 0.93% (95%CI: 0.24%-1.62%) and 0.88% (95%CI: 0.29%-1.46%), respectively. The optimal lag time of the single-day effects were 15 days (lag15), but 16 days (lag16) for male. The optimal cumulative lag effect showed that with every 10 AQI increase, the percent of increase on the onsets of overall, male, female and adult tuberculosis cases were 1.92% (95%CI: 0.23%-3.16%), 1.94% (95%CI:0.15%-3.72%), 2.04% (95%CI: 0.10%-3.97%) and 2.00% (95%CI: 0.30%-3.69%), respectively, with the optimal lag time of cumulative delayed effects as 17 days (lag0_17), 18 days (lag0_18), 16 days (lag0_16) and 17 days (lag0_17), respectively. However, there were no statistical significances noticed in the elderly cases. Conclusion: There was a positive correlation between AQI and the number of TB cases in Beijing, and the effects of AQI on the number of TB cases in different genders and age groups were different.
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Ahmed SS, Whritenour J, Ahmed MM, Bibby L, Darby L, Wang XN, Watson J, Dickinson AM. Evaluation of a human in vitro skin test for predicting drug hypersensitivity reactions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 369:39-48. [PMID: 30768973 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) following administration of low molecular weight (LMW) drugs is an important health concern. However, in vivo animal models which could be used as tools for the prediction of DHRs are lacking. As a result, research has focused on development of in vitro tools for predicting DHRs. In this study a novel human in vitro pre-clinical skin explant test was used to predict T cell-mediated hypersensitivity responses induced by LMW drugs. Responses in the skin explant test for 12 LMW drugs associated with T cell-mediated hypersensitivity in the clinic (abacavir, amoxicillin, carbamazepine, diclofenac, lamotrigine, lapatinib, lumiracoxib, nevirapine, ofloxacin, phenytoin, propranolol, sulfamethoxazole) were compared with responses for 5 drugs with few/no reports of T cell-mediated hypersensitivity reactions (acetaminophen, cimetidine, flecainide, metformin, verapamil). Changes in skin histology following in vitro exposure to the drugs as well as T cell proliferation and interferon gamma (IFNγ) production were studied. The results of the skin explant assays showed a good positive correlation (r = 0.77, p < .001) between the test outcome (prediction of positive or negative) and the clinical classification of the tested drugs. The T cell proliferation assay showed a correlation of r = 0.60 (p < .01) and the IFNγ assay r = 0.51 (p < .04). The data suggest that the skin explant model could be a useful tool to predict the potential of LMW drugs to induce DHRs.
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Hong C, Li JY, Chen RK, Liu CL, Wang XN, Qing SM, Su XF, Zhang NF. [Correlation between peripheral venous oxygen saturation and hemodynamic parameters in patients with pulmonary hypertension]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2019; 41:37-40. [PMID: 29343014 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the correlation of peripheral venous oxygen saturation (SpvO(2)) with mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO(2)), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and cardiac index (CI) in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH), in order to predict these parameters using SpvO(2) and assess the prognosis of patients. Methods: Hospitalized patients diagnosed with PH by right heart catheterization in the Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Diseases from July 2015 to October 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Parameters during the right heart catheterization, including SvO(2,)SpvO(2,)cardiac output (CO) and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) were recorded, while CI, PVR and other parameters were indirectly calculated. The correlation between SpvO(2) and SvO(2,)CO, CI, mPAP, PVR and other parameters were respectively analyzed and compared between groups. Results: A total of 77 PH patients were selected, which comprised of 39 males and 38 females. The results revealed that SpvO(2) was correlated positively with SvO(2,)CI and PaO(2) (P<0.05), but negatively with PVR, total pulmonary resistance (TPR), systemic vascular resistance, right atrial diameter and right ventricular diameter (P<0.05). In the group with SpvO(2) <65%, the dilation of the right atrium and right ventricle was more significant, the WHO heart function grade was worse, CI, systemic systolic pressure and mean systemic pressure were lower, and PVR and TPR were higher, as compared to those in the group with SpvO(2) ≥65%. (P<0.05). Conclusions: There was good consistency between SpvO(2) and SvO(2). Furthermore, SpvO(2) could indirectly reflect the CI, PVR and changes in right heart structure of PH patients, providing reference for the clinical prediction of CI and PVR, as well as the prognosis of PH patients, through the use of SpvO(2). Low SpvO(2) indicated a severe condition and poor prognosis.
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Xu CS, Ip M, Leung AW, Wang XN, Yang ZR, Zhang BT, Ip SP. Sonodynamic bactericidal activity of curcumin against foodborne bacteria. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24 Suppl 6:43-44. [PMID: 30229738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
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Liu XG, Li JY, Liu CL, Wang XN, Cui JY, Zhang NF, Hong C. [Analysis of the characteristics of electrocardiogram in patients of different genders with pulmonary hypertension]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2018; 41:728-733. [PMID: 30196608 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics of ECG in patients with pulmonary hypertension(PH) and explore their correlation with pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR), mean pulmonary arterial hypertension(mPAP) and cardiac index(CI). Methods: A total of 186 patients with right heart catheterization were enrolled in the Department of Respiratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from August 2015 to October 2017. Patients with normal pulmonary artery pressure, incomplete clinical data and repeated examinations were excluded and there were 101 patients with pulmonary hypertension included. The results of ECG parameters and right heart catheterization were collected to analyze the ECG characteristics of patients with different genders and their correlation with PVR, mPAP and CI. Results: Among all PH patients, the duration of QRS axial in male group was significantly longer than that of the female group [(110.38±15.829) vs. (98.63±18.041) ms, P<0.001], and the S wave amplitude in V5 was significantly higher compared to female group [(1.304±1.356) vs. (0.648±0.663) mv, P<0.001]. Their heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc), QRS axis, S wave amplitude in Ⅰ, S and R wave amplitude in V1, R/S ratio in V1, S wave amplitude V5, all had a correlation with their PVR and the S wave amplitude in V1 was negatively correlated with PVR (r=-0.441, P<0.001). In the male group, PVR was not correlated with R/S ratio in V1 and S wave amplitude in V5. While PVR in the female group was significantly correlated with QTc, R wave amplitude in V1, R / S ratio in V1. In all PH patients, their P wave duration in Ⅱ, QRS axis and S wave amplitude in Ⅰ, S wave and R wave amplitude in V1, S wave amplitude in V5, QTc, R/S ratio in V1, all had correlations with mPAP (P<0.05). In male group, mPAP was not correlated with QTc, P wave duration in Ⅱ, and the S wave amplitude in V5 (P>0.05). The mPAP in the female group was only related to the S wave and R wave amplitude in V1, and S amplitude in Ⅰ and S wave amplitude in V5 (P<0.05). The CI was positively correlated with the S wave amplitude in V1 (r=0.34, P<0.001), and negatively correlated with the QRS axis (r=-0.219, P=0.04); CI in male group was not correlated with QRS axis(P=0.073), but correlated with QTc (r=-0.296, P=0.044). Conclusion: There were gender differences in QRS duration and S wave amplitude in V5 in patients with pulmonary hypertension. The QRS axis and the S wave amplitude in V1 were related to the heart index. There was a difference in the correlation between ECG and PVR, mPAP and CI in patients of different genders with pulmonary hypertension.
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Shen L, Wang XN, Li DJ, Wang ZY, Chen W, Zhao Q, Li YF, Cui R, Yang WL. [Comparison of swept source anterior segment optical coherence tomography and ultrasound biomicroscopy in measurement of anterior chamber depth and anterior chamber angle data in age-related cataract patients]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2018; 54:678-682. [PMID: 30220183 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the difference and agreement in the measurement of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and anterior chamber angle data in age-related cataract patients between swept source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-AS-OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). Methods: A prospective study. Forty-five eyes from 45 age-related cataract patients were selected at Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University from November to December 2016. There were 23 males and 22 females aged (51±19) years. SS-AS-OCT and UBM were used to measure the ACD, angle opening distance (AOD 500) and trabecular-iris angle (TIA 500). The paired samples t-test and Pearson linear correlation were used for statistical analysis, and the Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate the measurement consistency of the two tools. Results: The ACD measured by SS-AS-OCT and UBM was (2.750±0.544) mm and (2.775±0.531) mm, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.109, P=0.040), and the measurement results were positively correlated (r=0.989, P<0.001). In the nasal, temporal, upper and lower positions, the AOD 500 and TIA 500 values measured by SS-AS-OCT and UBM had a significant difference [AOD 500: (0.451±0.201) mm vs.(0.421±0.194) mm, (0.499±0.229) mm vs. (0.465±0.207) mm, (0.390±0.215) mm vs. (0.355±0.208) mm, (0.441±0.226) mm vs. (0.423±0.215) mm, t=4.262, 4.350, 5.355, 4.415; TIA 500: 39.587°±14.698°vs. 36.944°±13.790°, 42.149°±14.138°vs. 40.289°±13.041°, 36.482°±15.887°vs. 35.600°±15.215°, 38.504°±14.805°vs. 36.818°±14.931°, t=5.131, 4.658, 4.174, 5.731; all P<0.001] and a significant linear correlation (AOD 500: r=0.971, 0.975, 0.979, 0.973; TIA 500: r=0.972, 0.957, 0.956, 0.970; all P<0.001). The Bland-Altman method showed that the two modalities had comparable results for the ACD, AOD 500 and TIA 500 (2.22%-6.67% of the measured value outside the 95% consistency boundaries). Conclusion: SS-OCT and UBM show a good agreement in the measurement of ACD and anterior chamber angle data in age-related cataract patients, though there is difference between them in measurement results. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 678-682).
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Dong AX, Xin HB, Li ZJ, Liu H, Sun YQ, Nie S, Zhao ZN, Cui RF, Zhang RG, Yun QZ, Wang XN, Maghuly F, Porth I, Cong RC, Mao JF. High-quality assembly of the reference genome for scarlet sage, Salvia splendens, an economically important ornamental plant. Gigascience 2018; 7:5040257. [PMID: 29931210 PMCID: PMC6030905 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Salvia splendens Ker-Gawler, scarlet or tropical sage, is a tender herbaceous perennial widely introduced and seen in public gardens all over the world. With few molecular resources, breeding is still restricted to traditional phenotypic selection, and the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation remain unknown. Hence, a high-quality reference genome will be very valuable for marker-assisted breeding, genome editing, and molecular genetics. Findings We generated 66 Gb and 37 Gb of raw DNA sequences, respectively, from whole-genome sequencing of a largely homozygous scarlet sage inbred line using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) single-molecule real-time and Illumina HiSeq sequencing platforms. The PacBio de novo assembly yielded a final genome with a scaffold N50 size of 3.12 Mb and a total length of 808 Mb. The repetitive sequences identified accounted for 57.52% of the genome sequence, and 54,008 protein-coding genes were predicted collectively with ab initio and homology-based gene prediction from the masked genome. The divergence time between S. splendens and Salvia miltiorrhiza was estimated at 28.21 million years ago (Mya). Moreover, 3,797 species-specific genes and 1,187 expanded gene families were identified for the scarlet sage genome. Conclusions We provide the first genome sequence and gene annotation for the scarlet sage. The availability of these resources will be of great importance for further breeding strategies, genome editing, and comparative genomics among related species.
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Wang XN, Wang L, Zheng DZ, Chen S, Shi W, Qiao XY, Jiang YP, Tang LJ, Xu YG, Li YJ. Oral immunization with a Lactobacillus casei-based anti-porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) vaccine expressing microfold cell-targeting peptide Co1 fused with the COE antigen of PEDV. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:368-378. [PMID: 29178509 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of this study were to develop an effective M cell-targeting oral vaccine, involving Lactobacillus casei to deliver the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) core neutralizing epitope (COE) antigen conjugated with M cell-targeting peptide Co1 as an adjuvant, against PEDV infection. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetically engineered L. casei 393 (L393) strains expressing PEDV COE antigen only (pPG-COE/L393) or fused-expressing COE and M cell-targeting peptide Co1 (pPG-COE-Co1/L393) were constructed, and the immunogenicity upon administration as an oral vaccine was evaluated. The results showed that higher anti-PEDV serum IgG and mucosal SIgA antibody responses were induced in mice orally immunized with strain pPG-COE-Co1/L393 as compared to the mice immunized with strain L393 expressing COE alone or carrying the empty plasmid. In addition, the use of the Co1 ligand elicited a splenocyte proliferative response more effectively in comparison with the COE antigen alone and supported a skewed T helper 2 type of immune response against PEDV. CONCLUSIONS pPG-COE-Co1/L393 can effectively induce mucosal, humoural and Th2-type cellular immune responses against PEDV infection via oral administration. Furthermore, M cell-targeting peptide ligand Co1 is a good mucosal adjuvant. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Lactobacillus casei delivering the COE antigen of PEDV conjugated with a M cell-targeting peptide Co1 as an immune adjuvant is a promising oral vaccine candidate for PEDV.
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Li Q, Peng XY, Wang XN, Li Y, Tian L. [Analysis on the clinical and retinal imaging characteristics of autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy]. [ZHONGHUA YAN KE ZA ZHI] CHINESE JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2018; 54:263-269. [PMID: 29747355 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical and imaging features of autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB). Methods: Retrospective study. The clinical and imaging data of 14 participants were analyzed in using autofluorescence (AF), fluorescein angiography (FA) and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Ten patients were screened for mutations in BEST1 gene. Results: Retinopathy of ARB were shown as bilaterally and circularly distributed yellow subretinal deposits in the mid-peripheral and posterior retina, which was observed more clearly by AF and FA. The abnormalities were observed as hyperreflection between the sub-retinal pigment epithelium space as well as the subretinal space by SD-OCT imaging. All of the patients showed serous retinal detachment, and 4 of them were found to have intraretinal schisis. Other ocular complications include choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and angle closure glaucoma (ACG) were also found in the patients. Genetic examinations showed that the mutations are compound heterozygous in five patients, homozygous in one patient and heterozygous in only one of the rest 4 patients. Conclusions: The combination of clinical and retinal imaging data may facilitate the diagnosis of ARB. Physicians should be cautious of the vision-threatening complications of the disease. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 263-269).
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Lai JM, Wu FQ, Zhou ZX, Kang M, Huang XL, Su GX, Li SN, Zhu J, Wang XN. [Tocilizumab for refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2018; 55:830-834. [PMID: 29141313 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and side effects of tocilizumab for the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Method: In this prospective self case-control study, the children diagnosed with refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis admitted to Department of Rheumatism and Immunology of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 2013 to June 2016 were enrolled and information before and after treatment of tocilizumab was analyzed. The tocilizumab was introvenously guttae in a dose of 8-12 mg/kg every 2 weeks. Complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were tested before and after the application of tocilizumab. Detailed clinical manifestations were recorded. All results were analyzed by χ(2) test and t test. Result: Forty patients with a median age of (6.6±3.7) years were enrolled, including 15 males and 25 females. All of the patients presented with fever and 38 patients got normal temperature 24-48 hours after treatment with tocilizumab. Symptoms disappeared in 13 and improved in 4 patients after treatment among the 17 patients who presented with arthritis. Within the 10 patients who manifested with rashes, 9 patients' rashes disappeared without relapse accompanied by the normalization of temperature after the treatment of tocilizumab. One patient got normal temperature but intermittently emerged rashes after symptoms of arthritis improved. In the 40 patients, 38 well tolerated tocilizumab while 2 showed rashes and chill which disappeared shortly after antianaphylaxis treatment. No severe treatment-related infection was found in any patients. According to the study, the white blood cell counts(×10(9)/L), CRP(mg/L) and ESR(mm/1h) tested 2 weeks after the treatment with tocilizumab were significantly lower than that before treatment(12.1±1.2 vs. 16.5±1.8, 47±8 vs. 67±9, 21±5 vs. 57±6, t=2.75, 3.98, 5.22, P=0.009, 0, 0, respectively). No significant changes were found in concentration of IL-6 and TNF-α (65(207) vs. 45(137) ng/L, and 14(6) vs. 17(19)ng/L, Z=-1.247 and-1.285, P=0.212 and 0.199 respectively). Conclusion: Tocilizumab is a treatment with good efficacy and safety for refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Adverse effects would be found in some patients.
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Leung AW, Ip M, Xu CS, Wang XN, Yung PT, Hua HY. Sonodynamic bactericidal efficacy of hypocrellin A and B against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Hong Kong Med J 2017; 23 Suppl 5:36-37. [PMID: 28943524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
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Guo HW, Li C, Wang XN, Li ZJ, Sun GR, Li GX, Liu XJ, Kang XT, Han RL. Genetic diversity of mtDNA D-loop sequences in four native Chinese chicken breeds. Br Poult Sci 2017; 58:490-497. [PMID: 28541756 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2017.1332403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
1. To explore the genetic diversity of Chinese indigenous chicken breeds, a 585 bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) region was sequenced in 102 birds from the Xichuan black-bone chicken, Yunyang black-bone chicken and Lushi chicken. In addition, 30 mtDNA D-loop sequences of Silkie fowls were downloaded from NCBI. The mtDNA D-loop sequence polymorphism and maternal origin of 4 chicken breeds were analysed in this study. 2. The results showed that a total of 33 mutation sites and 28 haplotypes were detected in the 4 chicken breeds. The haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity of these 4 native breeds were 0.916 ± 0.014 and 0.012 ± 0.002, respectively. Three clusters were formed in 4 Chinese native chickens and 12 reference breeds. Both the Xichuan black-bone chicken and Yunyang black-bone chicken were grouped into one cluster. Four haplogroups (A, B, C and E) emerged in the median-joining network in these breeds. 3. It was concluded that these 4 Chinese chicken breeds had high genetic diversity. The phylogenetic tree and median network profiles showed that Chinese native chickens and its neighbouring countries had at least two maternal origins, one from Yunnan, China and another from Southeast Asia or its surrounding area.
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Su T, Bai JX, Chen YJ, Wang XN, Fu XQ, Li T, Guo H, Zhu PL, Wang Y, Yu ZL. An Ethanolic Extract of Ampelopsis Radix Exerts Anti-colorectal Cancer Effects and Potently Inhibits STAT3 Signaling In Vitro. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:227. [PMID: 28503147 PMCID: PMC5408070 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is constantly activated in CRC, and has been proposed as a pathogenic factor and a therapeutic target of CRC. Ampelopsis Radix (AR), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, possesses low toxicity and has long been used clinically for the treatment of cancers including CRC. Some constituents of AR have been reported to exert anti-cancer properties by targeting STAT3. However, the anti-CRC mode and mechanism of action of AR have not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigated the involvement of STAT3 signaling in the anti-CRC effects of AR. Results showed that AR reduced cell viability, induced cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell migration and invasion in human HCT-116 and SW480 CRC cells. Mechanistic studies showed that AR potently suppressed STAT3 and Src phosphorylation, and inhibited STAT3 nuclear localization in cultured CRC cells. AR also downregulated the expression of STAT3 target genes Mcl-1, Bcl-xL, and MMP-2 that are involved in cell survival and mobility. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of AR was diminished by overexpressing STAT3C, a persistent active variant of STAT3. In conclusion, AR exerted anti-CRC effects in vitro and these effects are at least in part attributed to the inhibition of STAT3 signaling. Our findings provide a molecular justification for the traditional use of AR in treating CRC, and a pharmacological basis for developing AR-derived modern anti-CRC agent(s).
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Qin PY, Li LP, Wang HX, Liu J, Wang XN, Song L, Zhang J, Sun ZC, Hu NN, Li J, Li SR, Yin CL, Wang YP. [Clinical features and scalp video electroencephalogram analysis of patients with insular epilepsy]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2016; 96:3797-3799. [PMID: 28057093 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.47.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical and scalp video electroencephalographic(EEG) characteristics of insula lobe epilepsy identified by intracranial electrode, and to provide some references for early diagnosis and clinical evaluation in patients with insula lobe epilepsy. Methods: A total of 12 patients diagnosed with insula lobe epilepsy identified by intracranial electrode were included from Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2013 to December 2015.Their clinical and EEG data were analyzed. Results: 91.7% of patients had sensory aura before seizure, and had clear consciousness at onset initial time.Visceral motor and visceral sensation were the most common symptoms, and the epilepsy was always ended with somatic movement.There was no prominent characteristic changes in scalp EEG. Conclusions: Clinical features are important for insula lobe epilepsy diagnosis.When patients present symtoms aforementioned, insula lobe epilepsy should be considered.
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Hu JY, Zheng ZG, Lu HN, Liu N, Wu WL, Li YX, Xiong Y, Wang XN, Chen RC. [The influence of condensate in the piezometric tube on patient ventilator interaction during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation]. ZHONGHUA JIE HE HE HU XI ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA JIEHE HE HUXI ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND RESPIRATORY DISEASES 2016; 39:704-708. [PMID: 27600420 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of condensate in the piezometric tube on patient ventilator interaction during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. METHODS Eleven healthy adults volunteered to receive noninvasive positive pressure ventilation. Different capacity of physiological saline was injected gradually into the piezometric tube until the volunteers could not trigger the ventilator or the total volume of the water reached 1.5 ml. The dynamic changes of the pressure of mask(Pmask), piezometric tube near mask (Ppro), piezometric tube near breathing machine(Pdis), and the flow were observed. RESULTS With increasing volume of saline injected, the trigger time TItri(Pmask) increased from 0.09(0.07-0.11) to 0.31(0.22-0.39)s, the trigger pressure TPtri(Pmask) increased from 0.26(0.15-0.33) to 2.29(1.76-3.09)cmH2O, and the pressure-time product PTP (Pmask) increased from 0.02(0.01-0.03) to 0.55(0.41-0.68) cmH2O·s. Ineffective triggering rate increased from 0 up to 9 times/min, and spurious triggering rate increased from 0 up to 33 times/min. The plateau pressure of Pmask and Ppro exceeded the preset parameters, increased significantly as compared with 0 ml, from (9.74±0.34)to (15.79±3.10) cmH2O and from(9.80±0.31) to(15.44±3.47) cmH2O. The change of plateau pressure of Pdis was not significant [from (9.85±0.29)to (12.58±2.64)cmH2O]. The baseline pressure of Pmask, Ppro and Pdis changed from (3.67±0.36) to (8.40±3.22) cmH2O, from (3.71±0.32) to (8.13±3.55) cmH2O and from( 3.77±0.32) to (5.36±1.25) cmH2O, respectively. The pressure fluctuation of platform of Pmask increased significantly compare with 0 ml, from 0.60(0.48-0.71) to 7.94(7.11-8.63)cmH2O. The frequency of fluctuation of platform increased as many as 7 times during a single respiratory period. The time when the pressure of the Pdis began to change was delayed to Pmask and Ppro, 0.11(0.08-0.12)s compared with 0 ml. CONCLUSION Condensate in the piezometric tube during noninvasive positive pressure ventilation could influence patient-ventilator synchrony. To improve patient ventilator interaction in noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, condensate in the piezometric tube should be avoided.
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Ahmed SS, Wang XN, Norden J, Pearce K, El-Gezawy E, Atarod S, Hromadnikova I, Collin M, Holler E, Dickinson AM. Erratum: Identification and validation of biomarkers associated with acute and chronic graft versus host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 2016; 51:890. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2016.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Wang XN, Yang QW, Du ZW, Yu T, Qin YG, Song Y, Xu M, Wang JC. Evaluation of the stability of reference genes in bone mesenchymal stem cells from patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr7926. [PMID: 27323096 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate 12 genes (18S, GAPDH, B2M, ACTB, ALAS1, GUSB, HPRT1, PBGD, PPIA, PUM1, RPL29, and TBP) for their reliability and stability as reference sequences for real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) isolated from patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH). BMSCs were isolated from 20 ANFH patients divided into four groups according to etiology, and four donors with femoral neck fractures. Total RNA was isolated from BMSCs and reverse transcribed into complementary DNA, which served as a template for RT-qPCR. Three commonly used programs were then used to analyze the results. Reference gene expression varied within each group, between specific groups, and among all five groups. Based on comparisons of all five groups, two of the programs used suggested that HPRT1 was the most stable reference gene, while 18S and ACTB were the most variable. Among the 12 candidate reference genes, HPRT1 exhibited the greatest reliability, followed by PPIA. Thus, these sequences could be used as references for the normalization of RT-qPCR results.
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Ahmed SS, Wang XN, Fielding M, Kerry A, Dickinson I, Munuswamy R, Kimber I, Dickinson AM. An in vitro human skin test for assessing sensitization potential. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 36:669-84. [PMID: 26251951 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensitization to chemicals resulting in an allergy is an important health issue. The current gold-standard method for identification and characterization of skin-sensitizing chemicals was the mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA). However, for a number of reasons there has been an increasing imperative to develop alternative approaches to hazard identification that do not require the use of animals. Here we describe a human in-vitro skin explant test for identification of sensitization hazards and the assessment of relative skin sensitizing potency. This method measures histological damage in human skin as a readout of the immune response induced by the test material. Using this approach we have measured responses to 44 chemicals including skin sensitizers, pre/pro-haptens, respiratory sensitizers, non-sensitizing chemicals (including skin-irritants) and previously misclassified compounds. Based on comparisons with the LLNA, the skin explant test gave 95% specificity, 95% sensitivity, 95% concordance with a correlation coefficient of 0.9. The same specificity and sensitivity were achieved for comparison of results with published human sensitization data with a correlation coefficient of 0.91. The test also successfully identified nickel sulphate as a human skin sensitizer, which was misclassified as negative in the LLNA. In addition, sensitizers and non-sensitizers identified as positive or negative by the skin explant test have induced high/low T cell proliferation and IFNγ production, respectively. Collectively, the data suggests the human in-vitro skin explant test could provide the basis for a novel approach for characterization of the sensitizing activity as a first step in the risk assessment process.
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Ahmed SS, Wang XN, Norden J, Pearce K, El-Gezawy E, Atarod S, Hromadnikova I, Collin M, Holler E, Dickinson AM. Identification and validation of biomarkers associated with acute and chronic graft versus host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50:1563-71. [DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2015.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Xie DW, Wang XN, Fu LS, Sun J, Zheng W, Li ZF. Identification of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene family in winter wheat and expression analysis under conditions of freezing stress. J Genet 2015; 94:55-65. [PMID: 25846877 DOI: 10.1007/s12041-015-0495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Trehalose plays an important role in metabolic regulation and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Trehalose contents are potentially modulated by trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS), which is a key enzyme in the trehalose biosynthetic pathway. Using available wheat expressed sequence tag sequence information from NCBI and two wheat genome databases, we identified 12 wheat TPS genes and performed a comprehensive study on their structural, evolutionary and functional properties. The estimated divergence time of wheat TPS gene pairs and wheat-rice orthologues suggested that wheat and rice have a common ancestor. The number of TPS genes in the wheat genome was estimated to be at least 12, which is close to the number found in rice, Arabidopsis and soybean. Moreover, it has been reported earlier in other plants that TPS genes respond to abiotic stress, however, our study mainly analysed the TPS gene family under freezing conditions in winter wheat, and determined that most of the TPS gene expression in winter wheat was induced by freezing conditions, which further suggested that wheat TPS genes were involved in winter wheat freeze-resistance signal transduction pathways. Taken together, the current study represents the first comprehensive study of TPS genes in winter wheat and provides a foundation for future functional studies of this important gene family in Triticeae.
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Cui GF, Wu LF, Wang XN, Jia WJ, Duan Q, Ma LL, Jiang YL, Wang JH. Analysis of genetic relationships and identification of lily cultivars based on inter-simple sequence repeat markers. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:5778-86. [PMID: 25117336 DOI: 10.4238/2014.july.29.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to discriminate 62 lily cultivars of 5 hybrid series. Eight ISSR primers generated 104 bands in total, which all showed 100% polymorphism, and an average of 13 bands were amplified by each primer. Two software packages, POPGENE 1.32 and NTSYSpc 2.1, were used to analyze the data matrix. Our results showed that the observed number of alleles (NA), effective number of alleles (NE), Nei's genetic diversity (H), and Shannon's information index (I) were 1.9630, 1.4179, 0.2606, and 0.4080, respectively. The highest genetic similarity (0.9601) was observed between the Oriental x Trumpet and Oriental lilies, which indicated that the two hybrids had a close genetic relationship. An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means dendrogram showed that the 62 lily cultivars clustered into two discrete groups. The first group included the Oriental and OT cultivars, while the Asiatic, LA, and Longiflorum lilies were placed in the second cluster. The distribution of individuals in the principal component analysis was consistent with the clustering of the dendrogram. Fingerprints of all lily cultivars built from 8 primers could be separated completely. This study confirmed the effect and efficiency of ISSR identification in lily cultivars.
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Wang XN, Choy YS, Cheng L. Hybrid noise control in a duct using a light micro-perforated plate. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 132:3778-3787. [PMID: 23231108 DOI: 10.1121/1.4763550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A plate silencer consists of an expansion chamber with two side-branch cavities covered by light but extremely stiff plates. It works effectively with a wide stopband from low-to-medium frequencies only if the plate is extremely stiff, to ensure a strong reflection of acoustic wave to the upstream in the duct. However, a plate with a slightly weak bending stiffness will result in non-uniform transmission loss (TL) spectra with narrowed stopband. In this study, a hybrid silencer is proposed by introducing micro-perforations into the plate to elicit the sound absorption in order to compensate for the deficiency in the passband caused by the insufficient sound reflection in a certain frequency range due to weaker plate stiffness. A theoretical model, capable of dealing with the strong coupling between the vibrating micro-perforated plate and sound fields inside the cavity and the duct, is developed. Through proper balancing between the sound absorption and reflection, the proposed hybrid silencer provides a more flattened and uniform TL and a widened stopband by more than 20% while relaxing the harsh requirement on the bending stiffness of the plate. Theoretical predictions are validated by experimental data, with phenomenon explained through numerical analyses.
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