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Mima M, Demizu Y, Jin D, Hashimoto N, Takagi M, Terashima K, Fujii O, Niwa Y, Akagi T, Daimon T, Hishikawa Y, Abe M, Murakami M, Sasaki R, Fuwa N. Particle therapy using carbon ions or protons as a definitive therapy for patients with primary sacral chordoma. Br J Radiol 2013; 87:20130512. [PMID: 24288399 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20130512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of particle therapy using carbon ions or protons for primary sacral chordomas. METHODS We evaluated 23 patients with primary sacral chordoma treated with carbon ion therapy (CIT) or proton therapy (PT) between July 2005 and June 2011 at the Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan. The median patient age was 72 years. 14 patients were treated with 70.4 Gy equivalents (GyE) in 16 fractions and 9 were treated with 70.4 GyE in 32 fractions. CIT was used for 16 patients, and PT was used for 7 patients. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 38 months. At 3 years, local control (LC), overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for all patients were 94%, 83% and 68%, respectively. The log-rank test revealed that male sex was significantly related to better PFS (p=0.029). No other factors, including dose fractionation and ion type, were significant for LC, OS or PFS. In nine patients, ≥ Grade 3 acute dermatitis was observed, and ≥ Grade 3 late toxicities were observed in nine patients. The 32-fraction protocol reduced severe toxicities in both the acute and late phases compared with the 16-fraction protocol. CONCLUSION Particle therapy for patients with sacral chordoma showed favourable LC and OS. Severe toxicities were successfully reduced by modifying the dose fractionation and treatment planning in the later treatment era. Thus, this therapeutic modality should be considered useful and safe. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE This is the first study including both CIT and PT for sacral chordomas.
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Oya H, Kanda M, Takami H, Hibino S, Shimizu D, Niwa Y, Koike M, Nomoto S, Yamada S, Nishikawa Y, Asai M, Fujii T, Nakayama G, Sugimoto H, Fujiwara M, Kodera Y. Overexpression of melanoma-associated antigen D4 is an independent prognostic factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Dis Esophagus 2013; 28:188-95. [PMID: 24147998 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To pursue an urgently needed treatment target for esophageal cancer (EC), we investigated the function of the recently discovered melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE)-D4 in squamous cell EC. MAGE-D4 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was analyzed in nine EC cell lines using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In 65 surgical specimens of squamous cell EC with no prior neoadjuvant therapy, MAGE-D4 mRNA expression in EC tissues and corresponding normal tissues was analyzed and compared, and evaluated in terms of clinicopathological factors. In representative cases, MAGE-D4 protein distribution was analyzed immunohistochemically. The heterogeneity of MAGE-D4 mRNA expression was confirmed in EC cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In surgical specimens, MAGE-D4 mRNA expression was significantly higher in EC tissues than in corresponding normal tissues (P < 0.001). Patients with the highest MAGE-D4 mRNA expression in EC tissues (top quartile, n = 17) had significantly shorter overall survival than patients with low expression (2-year survival: 44% and 73%, respectively, P = 0.006). Univariate analysis identified age (≥65 years), lymphatic involvement, and high MAGE-D4 mRNA expression as significant prognostic factors; high MAGE-D4 mRNA expression was also an independent prognostic factor in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio: 2.194; P = 0.039) and was significantly associated with Brinkman index (P = 0.008) and preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level (P = 0.002). Immunohistochemical MAGE-D4b expression was consistent with MAGE-D4 mRNA profiling. Our results suggest that MAGE-D4 overexpression influences tumor progression, and MADE-D4 can be a prognostic marker and a potential molecular target in squamous cell EC.
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Igarashi N, Shimizu N, Koyama A, Mori T, Ohta H, Niwa Y, Nitani H, Abe H, Nomura M, Shioya T, Tsuchiya K, Ito K. New high-brilliance beamline BL-15A of the Photon Factory. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/425/7/072016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Niwa Y, Murakami M, Demizu Y, Fujii O, Terashima K, Mima M, Ooe Y, Fuwa N, Kamikonya N, Hirota S. PD-0187: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for late adverse events after particle radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)32493-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fujii O, Hashimoto N, Terashima K, Mima M, Demizu Y, Niwa Y, Sasaki R, Hishikawa Y, Abe M, Murakami M. Involved-Field Radiation Therapy Using Protons or Carbon Ions for N1-2M0 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ogura T, Tajika M, Hijioka S, Hara K, Haba S, Hosoda W, Yatabe Y, Asano S, Higuchi K, Yamao K, Niwa Y. First report of a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of the esophagus diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Endoscopy 2012; 44 Suppl 2 UCTN:E167-8. [PMID: 22622725 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Shiina S, Niwa Y, Shiratori Y, Terano A, Omata M. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for hepatocellular-carcinoma (review). Int J Oncol 2012; 2:669-75. [PMID: 21573610 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2.4.669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) has been widely performed in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Histopathologic examinations after the therapy have revealed that PEIT can destroy the tumor completely in most cases. Findings in imaging modalities and serum tumor marker levels have also shown a remarkable anticancer effect of this procedure. In addition, PEIT has achieved considerably high long-term survival rates. PEIT is a generally safe procedure and serious complications are rare. PEIT seems to be a valuable therapy and could even be an alternative to surgery in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. This paper reviews the pertinent literature on this new therapy.
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Demizu Y, Terashima K, Mima M, Fujii O, Niwa Y, Morimoto K, Sasaki R, Hishikawa Y, Abe M, Murakami M. Treatment Outcomes of Particle Radiotherapy using Protons or Carbon Ions as a Single-modality Therapy for Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Iwata H, Demizu Y, Terashima K, Mima M, Fujii O, Niwa Y, Miyawaki D, Sasaki R, Shibamoto Y, Murakami M. Proton Beam Therapy and Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for T2a-T2bN0M0 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Niwa Y, Demizu Y, Mima M, Fujii O, Terashima K, Hashimoto N, Sasaki S, Abe M, Murakami M. 2040 POSTER Adequacy Evaluation of GyE Using the Incidence of Late Skin Damage After Proton or Carbon Ion Radiotherapy for Patients Received With Total Prescribed Doses of 52.8 GyE/4fr or 64 GyE/8fr. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)70998-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Murakami M, Demizu Y, Niwa Y, Terashima K, Fujii O, Mima M, Hashimoto N, Hishikawa Y, Abe M. 8517 POSTER DISCUSSION Comparison of Clinical Outcome Between Proton and Carbon-ion Radiotherapy in the Same Treatment Protocols. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)72159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Hijioka S, Matsuo K, Mizuno N, Hara K, Mekky MA, Vikram B, Hosoda W, Yatabe Y, Shimizu Y, Kondo S, Tajika M, Niwa Y, Tamada K, Yamao K. Role of endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in diagnosing metastasis to the pancreas: a tertiary center experience. Pancreatology 2011; 11:390-8. [PMID: 21894056 DOI: 10.1159/000330536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis to the pancreas (MP) is a rare entity that is difficult to identify by imaging alone. Few reports have described endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings. Herein, we try to describe the EUS and EUS-FNA characteristics of MP. METHODS This retrospective study compared 28 patients with MP (13 males; mean age: 60.1 ± 12.6 years) and 60 control patients (30 males; 62.7 ± 11.5 years) with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). All lesions were characterized by EUS, and MP was diagnosed by EUS-FNA (n = 16), surgery (n = 6) or both (n = 6). RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression revealed that the presence of regular borders (p = 0.004; OR: 8.81, 95% CI: 1.97-39.4), the absence of retention cysts (p = 0.045; OR: 12.5, 95% CI: 1.06-147.0), and the absence of main pancreatic duct (MPD) dilation (p = 0.003; OR: 8.18, 95% CI: 2.04-32.8) were predictors of MP rather than PDAC. The EUS-FNA sampling adequacy was 95.4% (21/22), and the correct diagnosis was obtained in 95.2% (20/21) of cases when K-ras mutation analysis and/or immunostaining were added. CONCLUSION The presence of regular borders, the absence of retention cysts and the presence of nondilated MPD on EUS indicate MP rather than PDAC. This diagnosis can be accurately confirmed by EUS-FNA with immunostaining and/or K-ras analysis.
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Hijioka S, Sawaki A, Mizuno N, Hara K, Mekky MA, Bhatia V, Hosoda W, Yatabe Y, Shimizu Y, Tamada K, Niwa Y, Yamao K. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for the diagnosis of retroperitoneal schwannoma. Endoscopy 2011; 42 Suppl 2:E296. [PMID: 21113878 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1255786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Niwa Y, Sasaki S, Mima M, Terashima K, Fujii O, Demizu Y, Murakami M. LATE SKIN DAMAGE AFTER PARTICLE RADIOTHERAPYA COMPARISON BETWEEN PROTON AND CARBO N ION BEAM. Radiother Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(11)71753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Matsumoto Y, Marusawa H, Kinoshita K, Niwa Y, Sakai Y, Chiba T. Up-regulation of activation-induced cytidine deaminase causes genetic aberrations at the CDKN2b-CDKN2a in gastric cancer. Gastroenterology 2010; 139:1984-94. [PMID: 20637757 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The DNA/RNA editing enzyme activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is mutagenic and has been implicated in human tumorigenesis. Helicobacter pylori infection of gastric epithelial cells leads to aberrant expression of AID and somatic gene mutations. We investigated whether AID induces genetic aberrations at specific chromosomal loci that encode tumor-related proteins in gastric epithelial cells. METHODS Human gastric epithelial cell lines that express activated AID and gastric cells from AID transgenic mice were examined for DNA copy number changes and nucleotide alterations. Copy number aberrations in stomach cells of H pylori-infected mice and gastric tissues (normal and tumor) from H pylori-positive patients were also analyzed. RESULTS In human gastric cells, aberrant AID activity induced copy number changes at various chromosomal loci. In AID-expressing cells and gastric mucosa of AID transgenic mice, point mutations and reductions in copy number were observed frequently in the tumor suppressor genes CDKN2A and CDKN2B. Oral infection of wild-type mice with H pylori reduced the copy number of the Cdkn2b-Cdkn2a locus, whereas no such changes were observed in the gastric mucosa of H pylori-infected AID-deficient mice. In human samples, the relative copy numbers of CDKN2A and CDKN2B were reduced in a subset of gastric cancer tissues compared with the surrounding noncancerous region. CONCLUSIONS H pylori infection leads to aberrant expression of AID and might be a mechanism of the accumulation of submicroscopic deletions and somatic mutations in gastric epithelial cells. AID-mediated genotoxic effects appear to occur frequently at the CDKN2b-CDKN2a locus and contribute to malignant transformation of the gastric mucosa.
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Demizu Y, Terashima K, Mima M, Fujii O, Niwa Y, Morimoto K, Hishikawa Y, Abe M, Murakami M. Particle Radiotherapy using Protons or Carbon Ions for Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Miyawaki D, Demizu Y, Terashima K, Mima M, Fujii O, Niwa Y, Yoshida K, Nishimura H, Sasaki R, Murakami M. Particle-Beam Radiation Therapy for Skull Base Chordomas: A Retrospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Matsumoto K, Sawaki A, Mizuno N, Hara K, Hijioka S, Niwa Y, Tajika M, Kawai H, Kondo S, Yamao K. Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Sunitinib After Imatinib Failure in Japanese Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2010; 41:57-62. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyq164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Matsumoto K, Hara K, Sawaki A, Mizuno N, Hijioka S, Imamura H, Niwa Y, Tajika M, Kawai H, Kondo S, Inaba Y, Yamao K. Ruptured pseudoaneurysm of the splenic artery complicating endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy for pancreatic cancer. Endoscopy 2010; 42 Suppl 2:E27-8. [PMID: 20073006 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1215323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Niwa Y, Potaczek DP, Kanada S, Takagi A, Shimokawa N, Ito T, Mitsuishi K, Okubo Y, Tajima M, Hobo A, Ng W, Tsuboi R, Ikeda S, Ogawa H, Okumura K, Nishiyama C. FcεRIα gene (FCER1A) promoter polymorphisms and total serum IgE levels in Japanese atopic dermatitis patients. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 37:139-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2010.00901.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ando T, Nobata K, Watanabe O, Kusugami K, Maeda O, Ishiguro K, Ohmiya N, Niwa Y, Goto H. Abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammopharmacology 2009; 15:101-4. [PMID: 17464554 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-006-0735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The predominant histopathologic feature of inflammatory bowel disease is the infiltration of acute and chronic inflammatory cells, including polymorphonuclear neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes, in the affected intestine. Helicobacter pylori is recognized as the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal lesions, and Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis is characterized by increased numbers of acute and chronic inflammatory cells. The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease or Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis involves immunological abnormalities, including the deficient or excessive expression of cytokines. The chronic inflammatory process in patients with Crohn's disease may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, whereas ulcerative colitis affects mainly the colon and rectum. Here, we discuss abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract in inflammatory bowel disease. Although the prevalence rate of Helicobacter pylori infection is low in Crohn's disease, these patients often have abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
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Demizu Y, Murakami M, Miyawaki D, Mima M, Terashima K, Arimura T, Niwa Y, Hishikawa Y. Particle Therapy for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Retrospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Arimura T, Demizu Y, Murakami M, Miyawaki D, Terashima K, Niwa Y, Mima M, Hishikawa Y. Particle Therapy for Sacrococcygeal Chordomas: A Retrospective Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Iwata H, Murakmi M, Miyawaki D, Terashima T, Niwa Y, Demizu Y, Akagi T, Hishikawa Y, Shibamoto Y. High-dose Proton Beam Therapy and Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Stage I Non–small-cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Watanabe O, Ando T, El-Omar EM, Shimada M, Ina K, Ishiguro K, Hasegawa M, Miyake N, Nakamura M, Miyahara R, Ohmiya N, Niwa Y, Goto H. Role of endoscopic ultrasonography in predicting the response to cyclosporin A in ulcerative colitis refractory to steroids. Dig Liver Dis 2009; 41:735-9. [PMID: 19403349 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 03/18/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although cyclosporin A has been reported to be effective in the treatment of severe ulcerative colitis, factors predicting its therapeutic efficacy remain unclear. Technical progress in endoscopic ultrasonography has improved visualisation of the structure of the colon wall. Here, to assess the value of endoscopic ultrasonography in predicting the response to cyclosporin A treatment, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of cyclosporin A by determining the pre- and post-cyclosporin A thickness of the mucosal layer in the rectum using endoscopic ultrasonography with an ultrasonic catheter probe. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifteen ulcerative colitis patients who did not respond to high-doses of corticosteroids were treated with cyclosporin A by continuous intravenous infusion at 4mg/kg/day for 20 days. Before and 20 days after cyclosporin A therapy, clinical disease activity was assessed using clinical activity index scores. Colonoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography were undertaken before and 20 days after cyclosporin A therapy. RESULTS Following treatment with cyclosporin A, nine patients showed a decrease in clinical activity index score by six points or more and were defined as responders, while the other six were defined as non-responders. Endoscopic ultrasonography measurement using an ultrasonic catheter probe showed that thickness of the rectal mucosal layer before cyclosporin A was significantly greater in responders than in non-responders (p<0.05). Further, thickness after cyclosporin A was statistically decreased (p<0.01) in the responders but not in the non-responders. CONCLUSIONS The ultrasonic catheter probe may represent a useful means of predicting and evaluating the efficacy of cyclosporin A treatment in severely ill ulcerative colitis patients.
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