501
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Sehm B, Perez MA, Xu B, Hidler J, Cohen LG. Functional neuroanatomy of mirroring during a unimanual force generation task. Cereb Cortex 2010; 20:34-45. [PMID: 19435709 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhp075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Performance of a unimanual motor task often induces involuntary mirror electromyographic (EMG) activity in the opposite, resting hand. In spite of the ubiquitous presence of mirroring, little is known regarding the underlying cortical contributions. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study brain regions activated in association with parametric increases in right isometric wrist flexion force (10%, 20%, 30%, and 70%) in 12 healthy volunteers. During scanning, EMG activity was recorded bilaterally from flexor carpi radialis (FCR), extensor carpi radialis (ECR), biceps brachii (BB), and triceps brachii (TB). Mirror EMG was observed in left FCR during 20%, 30%, and 70% of force. Left ECR, BB, and TB showed mirror EMG only at 70% of force. Increasing force was associated with a linear increase of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal in bilateral primary motor cortex (M1), supplementary motor area (SMA), caudal cingulate, and cerebellum. Mirroring in the left FCR correlated with activity in bilateral M1, SMA, and the cerebellum. Overall, our results suggest that activity in these regions might reflect sensorimotor processes operating in association with mirroring and suggest caution when interpreting fMRI activity in studies that involve unilateral force generation tasks in the absence of simultaneous bilateral EMG/kinematics measurements.
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502
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Nagai T, Tanaka M, Hasui K, Shirahama H, Kitajima S, Yonezawa S, Xu B, Matsuyama T. Effect of an immunotoxin to folate receptor beta on bleomycin-induced experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 161:348-56. [PMID: 20550546 PMCID: PMC2909418 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that alveolar and interstitial macrophages play a key role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by producing proinflammatory and/or fibrogenic cytokines. We showed that inflammatory macrophages expressed folate receptor beta (FRbeta) while resident macrophages in normal tissues expressed no or low levels of FRbeta. In the present study, we examined the distribution of FRbeta-expressing macrophages in the lungs of patients with usual idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (UIP) and mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and tested whether the depletion of FRbeta-expressing macrophages could suppress bleomycin-induced PF in mice. Immunostaining with anti-human or -mouse FRbeta monoclonal antibody (mAb) revealed that FRbeta-expressing macrophages were present predominantly in fibrotic areas of the lungs of patients with UIP and mice with bleomycin-induced PF. Intranasal administration of a recombinant immunotoxin, consisting of immunoglobulin heavy and light chain Fv portions of an anti-mouse FRbeta mAb and truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin A, increased survival significantly and reduced levels of total hydroxyproline and fibrosis in bleomycin-induced PF. In immunohistochemical analysis, decreased numbers of tumour necrosis factor-alpha-, chemokines CCL2- and CCL12-producing cells were observed in the immunotoxin-treated group. These findings suggest a pathogenic role of FRbeta-expressing macrophages in IPF. Thus, targeting FRbeta-expressing macrophages may be a promising treatment of IPF.
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MESH Headings
- ADP Ribose Transferases/administration & dosage
- ADP Ribose Transferases/genetics
- ADP Ribose Transferases/pharmacology
- ADP Ribose Transferases/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/metabolism
- Bacterial Toxins/administration & dosage
- Bacterial Toxins/genetics
- Bacterial Toxins/pharmacology
- Bacterial Toxins/therapeutic use
- Bleomycin/pharmacology
- Carrier Proteins/immunology
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Chemokine CCL2/metabolism
- Exotoxins/administration & dosage
- Exotoxins/genetics
- Exotoxins/pharmacology
- Exotoxins/therapeutic use
- Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored
- Humans
- Hydroxyproline/metabolism
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology
- Immunoglobulin Fragments/genetics
- Immunotoxins/administration & dosage
- Immunotoxins/pharmacology
- Immunotoxins/therapeutic use
- Lung/metabolism
- Lung/pathology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Macrophages, Alveolar/drug effects
- Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism
- Macrophages, Alveolar/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins/metabolism
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/chemically induced
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy
- Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use
- Survival Analysis
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
- Virulence Factors/administration & dosage
- Virulence Factors/genetics
- Virulence Factors/pharmacology
- Virulence Factors/therapeutic use
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A
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503
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Chiu A, Shi XL, Lee WKP, Hill R, Wakeman TP, Katz A, Xu B, Dalal NS, Robertson JD, Chen C, Chiu N, Donehower L. Review of chromium (VI) apoptosis, cell-cycle-arrest, and carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART C, ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS 2010; 28:188-230. [PMID: 20859824 PMCID: PMC4330561 DOI: 10.1080/10590501.2010.504980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium combines with glutathione in chloride intracellular channel carrier to form tetravalent and pentavalent chromium in plasma and organelle membranes. It also combines with NADH/NADPH to form pentavalent chromium in mitochondria. Tetravalent- and pentavalent- chromium (directly and indirectly) mediated DNA double strand breaks activate DNA damage signaling sensors: DNA-dependent-protein-kinase signals p53-dependent intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis, and ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated and ataxia-telangiectasia-Rad3-related signal cell-arrest for DNA repair. Tetravalent chromium may be the most potent species since it causes DNA breaks and somatic recombination, but not apoptosis. Upon further failure of apoptosis and senescence/DNA-repair, damaged cells may become immortal with loss-of-heterozygosity and genetic plasticity.
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504
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Xiong H, Lin H, Xvi H, Shi C, Xie H, Ren X, Huang G, Wang A, Cui Z, Cheng J, Yi L, Wu Y, Zhao Y, Xu B, Zu C, Zhang Y, Xu R, Bian Y, Ma X, Zhang L, Ren Q, Cheng L. Post-earthquake outbreak of insecticide-associated conjunctivitis in a primary school of Lixian district, China: An epidemiological investigation. Public Health 2010; 124:332-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2009] [Revised: 01/28/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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505
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Zhang L, Xu B, Jiang B, Liu Y. Effect of Electric Double Layer Repulsion on Oil Droplet Coalescence Process. Chem Eng Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201000001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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506
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Ma F, Liao Y, Zi-Ping W, Xu B. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in FAS and FASL and sensitivity to gefitinib in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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507
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Xu B, Shen L, Ye D, Jappe A, Wang H, Yuan R, Wu Y. Phase I study of the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of everolimus in Chinese patients with advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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508
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Zhang L, Yu S, Xie G, Xu B, Jiang Z, Lu S, Wang H, Sun Y. A large, multicenter, retrospective epidemiological survey: The incidence and treatment of bone metastatic disease in Chinese cancer patients. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e19612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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509
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Fu YQ, Shearwood C, Xu B, Yu LG, Khor KA. Characterization of spark plasma sintered Ag nanopowders. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 21:115707. [PMID: 20173250 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/21/11/115707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The low temperature sintering behaviour of nanocrystalline Ag powder (with an average size of 70 nm) was characterized. Using spark plasma sintering (SPS), the Ag nanopowders can be successfully sintered at low pressure for only 5 min without external heating, and the sintering density increases and porosity decreases significantly with increase in the sintering temperature. Nanoindentation has been used to characterize the SPS sintered Ag samples. The mechanisms of the low sintering temperature behaviour of the nano-Ag powder and the nanoscale mechanical performance have been discussed. Compression tests were also used to characterize the mechanical properties of the sintered Ag sample with a maximum strain up to 15%.
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510
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Xu B, Tong N, Li JM, Zhang ZD, Wu HF. ELAC2 polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk: a meta-analysis based on 18 case-control studies. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2010; 13:270-7. [PMID: 20231859 PMCID: PMC2922791 DOI: 10.1038/pcan.2010.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in the elaC homolog-2 (ELAC2)/HPC2 gene have been hypothesized to alter the risk of prostate cancer. However, the results of the related published studies remained conflicting. We performed a meta-analysis of 18 studies evaluating the association between ELAC2 Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk. Overall, ELAC2 Leu217 allele was associated with increased prostate cancer risk as compared with the Ser217 allele (odds ratio (OR)=1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.24, P=0.019 for heterogeneity), as well as in the heterozygote comparison (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.07–1.36, P=0.034 for heterogeneity) and the dominant genetic model (OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.07–1.35, P=0.025 for heterogeneity). Furthermore, the ELAC2 Thr541 allele was associated with increased prostate cancer risk as compared with the Ala541 allele (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.00–0.48, P=0.131 for heterogeneity). In the stratified analyses for Ser217Leu polymorphism, there was significantly increased prostate cancer risk in Asian and Caucasian populations, and studies using sporadic and familial prostate cancer cases. Similar result was found in the Asian population in the stratified analyses for Ala541Thr polymorphism. This meta-analysis showed evidence that ELAC2 Ser217Leu and Ala541Thr polymorphisms were associated with prostate cancer risk, and might be low-penetrance susceptibility markers of prostate cancer.
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511
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Eiermann W, Miles D, Gilewski T, Trudeau M, Xu B, Barrios C, Pendergrass K, Eggleton S, Kashala O, Shulman L. 101 STRIDE: phase III study of therapeutic cancer vaccine L-BLP25 with hormonal treatment as first-line therapy for women with hormone receptor-positive, inoperable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic breast cancer. EJC Suppl 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(10)70132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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512
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Hu Y, Jiang W, Wang W, Xu B. Transmission of drug resistant tuberculosis and its implication for TB control in rural China. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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513
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Hu Y, Hoffner S, Jiang W, Wang W, Xu B. Genetic characterisation of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in rural China: a population-based study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14:210-216. [PMID: 20074413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A population-based study was performed to characterise the genotype and phenotype of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in the year 2004-2005 in two Chinese rural counties with different durations of DOTS implementation, Deqing and Guanyun. METHODS Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were isolated from respectively 164 and 187 patients registered at local TB dispensaries of Deqing and Guanyun. Drug susceptibility profiling and DNA sequencing were performed on the isolates. RESULTS A total of 223 isolates from 223 patients were identified as resistant to first-line drugs, of which 53 were multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB, i.e., resistant to isoniazid [INH] and rifampicin [RMP]). Mutations in katG were identified in 81 of 131 INH-resistant isolates (61.8%), all of which harboured the mutation in codon 315. Mutations related to RMP resistance occurred mostly in codon 531, 526 and 516 of the rpoB gene. Seventy-eight of the 115 streptomycin-resistant isolates carried a mutation in the rpsL gene at codon 43 or 88. A mutation in codon 306 of embB occurred in 21 ethambutol (EMB) resistant and 19 EMB-susceptible isolates. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that DNA sequencing of specific codons of the rpoB gene should be effective for predicting RMP resistance and MDR-TB in rural China.
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514
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Han Y, Li WY, Cao LX, Wang XY, Xu B, Zhao BR, Guo YQ, Yang JL. Superconductivity in iron telluride thin films under tensile stress. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:017003. [PMID: 20366386 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.017003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
By realizing in thin films a tensile stress state, superconductivity of 13 K was introduced into FeTe, a nonsuperconducting parent compound of the iron pnictides and chalcogenides, with a transition temperature higher than that of its superconducting isostructural counterpart FeSe. For these tensile stressed films, superconductivity is accompanied by a softening of the first-order magnetic and structural phase transition, and also, the in-plane extension and out-of-plane contraction are universal in all FeTe films independent of the sign of the lattice mismatch, either positive or negative. Moreover, the correlations were found to exist between the transition temperatures and the tetrahedra bond angles in these thin films.
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515
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Xu B, Fu YQ, Ahmad M, Luo JK, Huang WM, Kraft A, Reuben R, Pei YT, Chen ZG, De Hosson JTM. Thermo-mechanical properties of polystyrene-based shape memory nanocomposites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b923238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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516
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Xu B, Liu P, Li J, Lu H. c-MYC depletion potentiates cisplatin-induced apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: involvement of TSP-1 up-regulation. Ann Oncol 2009; 21:670-672. [PMID: 20008890 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdp567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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517
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Xu B, Zefei J, Chua D, Shao Z, Luo R, Wang X, Yuan P, Newstat B, Liu Y, Gagnon R, Chi H, Martin A, Stein S, Wang L. Frequency of PIK
3CA Mutations in Chinese HER2+ Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients and Association with Clinical Benefit to Lapatinib and Capecitabine Treatment. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Activating mutations in PIK3CA are frequent in breast cancer (Campbell et al. Cancer Res 2004;64:7678-7681). Previous analyses suggest that the presence of PIK3CA activating mutations were associated with poor clinical outcome (Li et al. Breast Can Res Treat 2006;96:91-95) and could confer resistance to treatment with trastuzumab (T) (Berns et al. Cancer Cell 2007;12:395-402). Lapatinib (L) is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting EGFR and HER2 pathways. L plus capecitabine (C) has demonstrated efficacy in women with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) previously treated with T (Geyer et al. N Engl J Med 2006;355(26):2733-2743). EGF109491 evaluated the efficacy of L+C in 52 Chinese HER2+ MBC patients. The clinical benefit rate (CBR) was 57.7% (PR 44% and SD 44%) and median progression free survival (PFS) was 6.3 months. The purpose of this analysis was to establish the frequency of PIK3CA mutations in this small cohort of Chinese patients and to determine if the presence of a PIK3CA mutation has any impact on clinical benefit to L+C.Methods: 38/52 patients provided tumor samples for biomarker analysis. Briefly, DNA was extracted from these tumor samples, amplified by PCR and sequenced by Pyrosequencing methods to identify the presence of frequent activating mutations in exons 9 and 20 in PIK3CA. Mutation status was tested for association with CBR and PFS using contingency table analysis and proportional hazards analysis respectively.Results:11/38 (29%) patients harbored a mutation in the PIK3CA gene, consistent with published frequencies. 9/11 mutations reside in the catalytic domain and 2/11 mutations reside in the accessory domain of the gene. There was no statistical association with CBR (p=0.639) or PFS (HR=1.01, p=0.989) in PIK3CA wildtype patients vs. PIK3CA mutant patients. PIK3CA wildtype n=27 (%)PIK3CA Mutation n=11 (%)CR0 (0)0 (0)PR12 (44%)4 (36%)SD13 (48%)5 (45%)PD1 (4%)1 (9%)Unknown1 (4%)1 (9%)HR1.01 (p=0.989) Conclusion: The frequency of PIK3CA mutations in this small cohort of Chinese HER2+ MBC patients is consistent with published frequencies. There was no statistically significant association between the presence of a PIK3CA mutation and clinical benefit to L+C in these patients. These results are in agreement with previous reports that mutations in PIK3CA do not seem to impact clinical outcome following L-containing treatment regimens.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1140.
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518
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Zhong MK, Gao J, Zhang F, Xu B, Fan ZD, Wang W, Zhu GQ. Reactive oxygen species in rostral ventrolateral medulla modulate cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2009; 197:297-304. [PMID: 19645750 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.02026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate whether reactive oxygen species (ROS) in rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) modulate cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) and the enhanced CSAR response caused by microinjection of angiotensin II (Ang II) into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). METHODS Under urethane and alpha-chloralose anaesthesia, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded in sinoaortic-denervated and cervical-vagotomized rats. The CSAR was evaluated by the RSNA response to epicardial application of capsaicin (1.0 nmol). RESULTS Bilateral RVLM microinjection of tempol (a superoxide anion scavenger) or polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD, an analogue of endogenous superoxide dismutase) attenuated the CSAR, but did not cause significant change in baseline RSNA and MAP. NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors apocynin or phenylarsine oxide (PAO) also showed similar effects, but SOD inhibitor diethyldithio-carbamic acid (DETC) enhanced the CSAR and baseline RSNA, and increased the baseline MAP. Bilateral PVN microinjection of Ang II (0.3 nmol) enhanced the CSAR and increased RSNA and MAP, which was inhibited by the pre-treatment with RVLM administration of tempol, PEG-SOD, apocynin or PAO. The pre-treatment with DETC in the RVLM only showed a tendency in potentiating the CSAR response of Ang II in the PVN, but significantly potentiated the RSNA and MAP responses of Ang II. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the NAD(P)H oxidase-derived ROS in the RVLM modulate the CSAR. The ROS in the RVLM is necessary for the enhanced CSAR response caused by Ang II in the PVN.
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519
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Xu B, Zhang J, Brewer E, Tu Q, Yu L, Tang J, Krebsbach P, Wieland M, Chen J. Osterix enhances BMSC-associated osseointegration of implants. J Dent Res 2009; 88:1003-7. [PMID: 19828887 DOI: 10.1177/0022034509346928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular and molecular events in osseointegration at the dental implant surface remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) participate in this process, and that osterix (Osx) promotes implant osseointegration. To prove this hypothesis, we tracked double-labeled BMSCs in implantation sites created in nude mice transplanted with these cells. We also inserted implants into the femurs of our established transgenic mice after local administration of viruses encoding Osx, to determine the osteogenic effects of Osx. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that BMSCs can recruit from peripheral circulation and participate in wound healing and osseointegration after implantation. Microcomputed tomography (microCT) analysis revealed an increased bone density at the bone-to-implant interface in the Osx group, and histomorphometric analysis indicated an elevated level of bone-to-implant contact in the Osx group. We concluded that exogenous BMSCs participate in the osseointegration after implantation, and that Osx overexpression accelerates osseointegration.
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520
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Gao SB, Feng ZJ, Xu B, Wu Y, Yin P, Yang Y, Hua X, Jin GH. Suppression of lung adenocarcinoma through menin and polycomb gene-mediated repression of growth factor pleiotrophin. Oncogene 2009; 28:4095-104. [PMID: 19749796 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Menin upregulates transcription of cell-cycle inhibitors to suppress endocrine tumors, but it is poorly understood how menin suppresses non-endocrine tumors such as lung cancer. Here, we show that menin inhibits proliferation of human lung cancer cells and growth of lung cancer in mice. The menin-mediated tumor suppression requires repression of growth factor pleiotrophin (PTN), which binds to its cell surface receptor, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) that is activated in certain lung adenocarcinomas. Menin represses PTN transcription and PTN-induced proliferation of human lung cancer cells, and menin expression is substantially reduced in primary human lung adenocarcinomas. Notably, menin binds the PTN locus and enhances Polycomb gene Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2)-mediated histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27m3), a negative mark for gene transcription but does not affect histone H3K4 methylation that is usually upregulated by menin in endocrine cells. Together, our findings indicate that menin suppresses lung cancer partly through increasing Polycomb gene-mediated H3K27 methylation and repressing PTN transcription, unraveling a novel, epigenetically regulated PTN-ALK signaling pathway in suppressing lung cancer.
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521
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Xu B, Jiang Z, Chua D, Shao Z, Luo R, Wang X, Newstat B, Chi H, Chen G, Wang L. 5052 An open-label, single arm study of lapatinib and capecitabine in Chinese women with advanced or metastatic breast cancer (MBC). EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70944-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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522
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Xu B, Fan Y, Tian L, Li Q. 5076 A prospective study of vinorelbine and capecitabine combination therapy in patients with metastatic breast cancer pretreated with anthracyclines and taxanes. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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523
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Xu LG, Xu HM, Zhu XF, Jin LM, Xu B, Wu Y, Lu NQ. Examination of the semen quality of patients with uraemia and renal transplant recipients in comparison with a control group. Andrologia 2009; 41:235-40. [PMID: 19601935 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.00924.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the semen quality of patients with uraemia and renal transplant recipients, 40 patients with uraemia and 40 renal transplant recipients were included. According to their interval of post-transplantation, renal transplant recipients were subdivided into group A (22) < or =2 years and group B (18) >2 years. A total of 40 healthy men with normal fertility were included as the controls. Semen samples from all subjects were collected and analysed. The fertility index (FI) value was calculated. The FI value of the normal fertility men was 13.02 (14.26), that of the renal transplant recipient groups A and B were 5.53 (8.30) and 9.27 (22.49) respectively, while the FI of the patients with uraemia was 0.23 (0.76). Compared with the uraemia group, the FI values of renal transplant recipient group either group A or group B were significantly better (P < 0.01). However, compared with the normal control group, the FI values of renal transplant recipient group A were lower (P < 0.01), while there was no significant difference between group B and the control group (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the FI of renal transplant recipients was recovered close to the level of healthy men with normal fertility 2 years after transplantation.
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524
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Dai J, Han Y, Xu B, Li Y, Liu J, Zhao Y, Zhang F. Ultrastructural changes of nucleoli in common wheat induced by actinomycin DPeople's Republic of China. Biotech Histochem 2009; 80:223-5. [PMID: 16720523 DOI: 10.1080/10520290600602285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Common wheat root tip meristematic cells were treated with low concentrations of actinomycin D (ActD), then stained whole by silver nitrate. We showed by transmission electron microscopy that the typical nucleolar structure did not form, but a granular and fibrillar network was exhibited in the nucleolar region. Our results support a correlation between nucleolar organization/assembly and the activation of RNA Polymerase I transcription. Furthermore, we speculate that the fibrillar network present in the nucleolar region of ActD treated cells may represent the basic skeletal structure required to support the nucleolus.
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525
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Dong H, Li L, Song Z, Tang J, Xu B, Zhai X, Sun L, Zhang P, Li Z, Pan Q, Shi Q, Shen W. Premeiotic fetal murine germ cells cultured in vitro form typical oocyte-like cells but do not progress through meiosis. Theriogenology 2009; 72:219-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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