501
|
Badea CT, Guo X, Clark D, Johnston SM, Marshall CD, Piantadosi CA. Dual-energy micro-CT of the rodent lung. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 302:L1088-97. [PMID: 22427526 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00359.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to investigate the use of dual-energy micro-computed tomography (CT) for the estimation of vascular, tissue, and air fractions in rodent lungs using a postreconstruction three material decomposition method. Using simulations, we have estimated the accuracy limits of the decomposition for realistic micro-CT noise levels. Next, we performed experiments involving ex vivo lung imaging in which intact rat lungs were carefully removed from the thorax, injected with an iodine-based contrast agent, and then inflated with different volumes of air (n = 2). Finally, we performed in vivo imaging studies in C57BL/6 mice (n = 5) using fast prospective respiratory gating in end inspiration and end expiration for three different levels of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). Before imaging, mice were injected with a liposomal blood pool contrast agent. The three-dimensional air, tissue, and blood fraction maps were computed and analyzed. The results indicate that separation and volume estimation of the three material components of the lungs are possible. The mean accuracy values for air, blood, and tissue were 93, 93, and 90%, respectively. The absolute accuracy in determining all fraction materials was 91.6%. The coefficient of variation was small (2.5%) indicating good repeatability. The minimum difference that we could detect in material fractions was 15%. As expected, an increase in PEEP levels for the living mouse resulted in statistically significant increases in air fractions at end expiration but no significant changes at end inspiration. Our method has applicability in preclinical pulmonary studies where changes in lung structure and gas volume as a result of lung injury, environmental exposures, or drug bioactivity would have important physiological implications.
Collapse
|
502
|
Pan Y, Zhao L, Liu Z, Zhang R, Hui N, Fan D, Guo X. Use of a pre-positioned guide wire to aid in the removal of a pancreatic duct stent that had migrated further into the duct. Endoscopy 2012; 43 Suppl 2 UCTN:E315-6. [PMID: 22020703 DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1256590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
|
503
|
Wu L, Guo X, Fang Y. Effect of diet dilution ratio at early age on growth performance, carcass characteristics and hepatic lipogenesis of Pekin ducks. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2012000100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
504
|
Yang S, Bo J, Hu H, Guo X, Tian R, Sun C, Zhu Y, Li P, Liu P, Zou S, Huang Y, Li Z. Derivation of male germ cells from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro and in reconstituted seminiferous tubules. Cell Prolif 2012; 45:91-100. [PMID: 22324506 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00811.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have demonstrated that mouse- and human-induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can differentiate into primordial germ cells in vitro. However, up to now it is not known whether iPS cells would be able to differentiate into male germ cells in vivo. The aim of this study was to explore differentiation potential of iPS cells to male germ cells in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, approaches using in vitro retinoic acid induction and in vivo ectopic transplantation were combined to induce iPS cells to become male germ cells. RESULTS RT-PCR showed that expression of pre-meiotic and meiotic germ cell-specific genes was enhanced in iPS cell-derived embryoid bodies (EBs) compared to mRNA transcripts of iPS cells. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that iPS cell-derived EBs positively expressed germ-cell markers VASA, c-Kit and SCP3. Furthermore, iPS cell-derived cells dissociated from EBs were injected with testicular cells into dorsal skin of mice. Histological examination showed that iPS cell-derived cells could reconstitute seminiferous tubules, and meanwhile, iPS cell-derived germ cells could settle at basement membranes of reconstituted tubules. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that iPS cells are able to differentiate into male germ cells in vitro and that reconstituted seminiferous tubules may provide a functional niche for exogenous iPS cell-derived male germ cells. Derivation of male germ cells from iPS cells has potential application for treating male infertility and provides an ideal platform for elucidating molecular mechanisms of male germ-cell development.
Collapse
|
505
|
Ding X, Guo X, Yan P, Liang C, Bao P, Chu M. Seasonal and nutrients intake regulation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in grazing yak (Bos grunniens) in the Alpine Regions around Qinghai Lake. Livest Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2011.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
506
|
Cui Q, Wang X, Li D, Guo X. An ecosystem health assessment method integrating geochemical indicators of soil in Zoige wetland, southwest China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2012.01.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
507
|
Taylor-Harding B, Agadjanian H, Nassanian H, Kwon S, Guo X, Miller C, Karlan BY, Orsulic S, Walsh CS. Indole-3-carbinol synergistically sensitises ovarian cancer cells to bortezomib treatment. Br J Cancer 2011; 106:333-43. [PMID: 22166800 PMCID: PMC3261668 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with minimal clinical activity as a monotherapy in solid tumours, but its combination with other targeted therapies is being actively investigated as a way to increase its anticarcinogenic properties. Here, we evaluate the therapeutic potential of co-treatment with bortezomib and indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a natural compound found in cruciferous vegetables, in human ovarian cancer. METHODS We examined the effects of I3C, bortezomib and cisplatin in several human ovarian cancer cell lines. Synergy was determined using proliferation assays and isobologram analysis. Cell cycle and apoptotic effects were assessed by flow cytometry. The mechanism of I3C and bortezomib action was determined by RNA microarray studies, quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting. Antitumour activity of I3C and bortezomib was evaluated using an OVCAR5 xenograft mouse model. RESULTS I3C sensitised ovarian cancer cell lines to bortezomib treatment through potent synergistic mechanisms. Combination treatment with bortezomib and I3C led to profound cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as well as disruptions to multiple pathways, including those regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress, cytoskeleton, chemoresistance and carcinogen metabolism. Moreover, I3C and bortezomib co-treatment sensitised ovarian cancer cells to the standard chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin and carboplatin. Importantly, in vivo studies demonstrated that co-treatment with I3C and bortezomib significantly inhibited tumour growth and reduced tumour weight compared with either drug alone. CONCLUSION Together, these data provide a novel rationale for the clinical application of I3C and bortezomib in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Collapse
|
508
|
Song N, Ding W, Guo X, Li K, Yu Z. Metformin may inhibit cardiovascular remodeling through suppressing urotensin II and angiotensin II system. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300867.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
509
|
Wang Y, Li J, Guo X, Zhao D, Hu D, Wei Y, Hou L, Xu Y, Ma Y. A U-shaped relationship between ankle-brachial index and carotid intima-media thickness in a Chinese population of Inner Mongolia. INT ANGIOL 2011; 30:451-457. [PMID: 21804484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study was designed to investigate the relationship between ankle-brachial index (ABI) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), and provide scientific basis for primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic diseases. METHODS Participants were recruited for this investigation from Inner Mongolia in China through cluster multistage and random sampling. ABI and carotid-IMT were measured for each subject. Periphery arterial disease (PAD) was defined as an ABI≤0.9 in either leg. ABI values were divided into eight groups at every 0.05, and three carotid-IMT measures were compared among groups separately using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate linear regression analyses. RESULTS The results indicated that the prevalence of PAD among 1236 participants was 1.9%. The average common carotid IMT was 0.70±0.21 mm, internal carotid IMT 0.77±0.24 mm, and carotid artery bifurcation IMT 0.78±0.25 mm. A U-shaped relationship was observed that the values of common carotid, carotid artery bifurcation, and internal carotid arteries IMT were decreased at first then increased as ABI values increased. The U-shaped relationship between ABI and three carotid-IMT measures were remained after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSION The data suggests that carotid IMT values are correlated with ABI values in a U-shaped curve. Increased carotid IMT is correlated with the high prevalence of PAD in population of Inner Mongolia in China.
Collapse
|
510
|
Yu X, Chen J, Guo X, Zhang Z, Pan Z, Feng Y, Hu S, Zhang Y. Delineation of the Cardiac Substructures Based on PET-CT and Contrast Enhanced CT in Patients with Left Breast Cancer Treated with Postoperative Radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.1746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
511
|
Guo X, Wu X, Ren L, Liu G, Li L. Epigenetic mechanisms of amyloid-β production in anisomycin-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Neuroscience 2011; 194:272-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
512
|
Wang F, Shen X, Guo X, Peng Y. Oral contraceptives and risk of gallbladder disease. CMAJ 2011; 183:1517; author reply 1517. [DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.111-2065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
513
|
Guo X, Wang J, Xiao X, Liu F, Xu⁎ J, Liu F. Effect of four Chinese herbal polysaccharides on proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.09.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
514
|
Gao S, Zhu YY, Guo X, Cui C, Wang BW, Wang ZM. An enantiopure Fe III4single molecule magnet. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311083747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
515
|
Guo X, Xia R, Han N, Xu H. Genetic diversity analyses of class 1 integrons and their associated antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae strains recovered from aquatic habitats in China. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 52:667-75. [PMID: 21496063 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize the molecular diversity of class 1 integrons and antibiotic resistance (AR) genes of Enterobacteriaceae strains recovered from aquatic habitats in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. METHODS AND RESULTS Six hundred and thirty-eight antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from wastewater were examined for class 1 integron. Of these, 293 were positive for the class 1 integrase gene intI1; among these, 34 gene cassettes and 29 AR genes were detected. Twenty-nine distinct gene cassette arrays were identified by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Seven strains harboring novel gene cassette arrays were subjected to further study, in which antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined, and the presence of other AR genes outside of the integrons was assayed. Several of the resistance determinants were found to be transferable by conjugation or transformation. CONCLUSIONS This study established the assessment of class 1 integron and antimicrobial resistance gene patterns among environmental Enterobacteriaceae. Also, a restriction enzyme EcoRII was employed to develop a rapid and simple method for characterizing gene cassette arrays by RFLP analysis, which facilitated further study of novel gene cassette arrays. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY These data not only illustrated the diversity of class 1 integron gene cassettes but also provided direct evidence that integrons mobilized gene cassettes, generating new linkages of resistance genes, and they could be integrated in gene transfer units such as conjugative plasmids to contribute to the dissemination of AR genes by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in aquatic environments.
Collapse
|
516
|
Guo X, Shi M, Sun L, Wang Y, Gui Y, Cai Z, Duan X. The expression of histone demethylase JMJD1A in renal cell carcinoma. Neoplasma 2011; 58:153-7. [PMID: 21275466 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2011_02_153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α has been shown to play a central role in RCC tumorigenesis by acting as a transcription factor. Histone demethylase JMJD1A is an iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase which catalyze the demethylation of mono- and dimethylated H3K9. JMJD1A can be upregulated by hypoxia via HIF-1 and associated with cancer. The expression of JMJD1A was determined in 10 kidney cancer tissue and adjacent tissue by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the expression of JMJD1A was investigated in cell line 786-0 through adding nickle or cobalt ion to mimic hypoxic environment. The expression of JMJD1A was higher in cancer tissue than adjacent tissue, and in hypoxic environment than normal environment. In cancer tissue, the JMJD1A mainly located around blood vessels which indicated that JMJD1A is involved tumor angiogenesis. CONCLUSION the increased expression of JMJD1A might be associated with the progression of kidney cancer. KEYWORDS renal cell carcinoma, histone demethylase, JMJD1A, hypoxia-inducible factor, iron.
Collapse
|
517
|
Yu F, Kang M, Meng F, Guo X, Xu B. Molecular cloning and characterization of a thioredoxin peroxidase gene from Apis cerana cerana. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 20:367-378. [PMID: 21382109 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01071.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Thioredoxin peroxidases (Tpxs) play important roles in protecting organisms against the toxicity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulating intracellular signal transduction. In the present study, we cloned the full cDNA of Tpx1 encoding a 195-amino acid protein from Apis cerana cerana (Acc). Based on the genomic DNA sequence, a 1442-bp 5'-flanking region was obtained, and the putative transcription factor binding sites were predicted. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that AccTpx1 was highly expressed in thorax and that the AccTpx1 transcript reached its highest level in two-week-old adult worker honeybees. Moreover, expression of the AccTpx1 transcript was increased by various abiotic stresses, such as ultraviolet light, HgCl(2) , and insecticide treatments. In addition, the recombinant AccTpx1 protein exhibited antioxidant activity; it removed hydrogen peroxide and protected DNA. These results suggest that AccTpx1 plays an important role in protecting honeybees from oxidative injury and may act in extending the lifespan of them.
Collapse
|
518
|
Guo X, Loibl S, Untch M, Möbus V, Schwedler K, Fasching PA, Barinoff J, Holms F, Thomssen C, Zahm DM, Kreienberg R, Hauschild M, Eidtmann H, Tauchert S, Mehta K, Von Minckwitz G. Rechallenging taxanes in recurrent breast cancer in patients treated with (neo-) adjuvant taxane-based therapy. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
519
|
Olesen PJ, Guo X, Gustafson D, Börjesson-Hanson A, Sacuíu S, Eckerström C, Bigler ED, Skoog I. A population-based study on the influence of brain atrophy on 20-year survival after age 85. Neurology 2011; 76:879-86. [PMID: 21383324 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31820f2e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals aged 80 years and older is the fastest growing segment of the population worldwide. To understand the biology behind increasing longevity, it is important to examine factors related to survival in this age group. The relationship between brain atrophy and survival after age 85 remains unclear. METHODS A population-based sample (n = 239) had head CT scans at age 85 and was then followed until death. Cortical atrophy and ventricular size were assessed. Statistical analyses included Cox proportional hazards models with time to death as the outcome and considering a large number of possible confounders, including baseline cognitive function, incident dementia, and somatic disorders. RESULTS Mean survival time (±SD) was 5.0 ± 3.6 years (range 0.10-19.8 years). Decreased survival was associated with temporal, and frontal atrophy, sylvian fissure width and a number of ventricular measures after adjustment for potential confounders. In participants without dementia at baseline (n = 135), decreased survival was associated with temporal lobe atrophy and bifrontal ratio. In those with dementia (n = 104), decreased survival was associated with third ventricle width, cella media ratio, and ventricle-to-brain and ventricle-to-cranial ratio. CONCLUSIONS Several indices of brain atrophy were related to decreased survival after age 85, regardless of dementia status. Brain atrophy is rarely mentioned as a significant indicator of survival in the elderly, independent of traditional predictors such as cardiovascular disease or cancer. The biology behind the influence of brain atrophy on survival needs to be further scrutinized.
Collapse
|
520
|
Liu X, Gu W, Guo X, Ge X, Chen Y, Yang H. Prevalence of torque teno virus infection in pig herds in China. Vet Rec 2011; 168:410. [PMID: 21493453 DOI: 10.1136/vr.c6864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
521
|
Lin L, Guo X, Zhang MZ, Qu CJ, Sun Y, Bai J. Pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in Chinese post-surgical intensive care unit patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2011; 55:359-67. [PMID: 21288220 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2010.02392.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexmedetomidine is a rather new drug in China. We sought to describe the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine in patients requiring post-operative sedation and ventilation in our surgical intensive care unit. METHODS Twenty-two patients received post-operative infusions of dexmedetomidine at 6 μg/kg/h for 10 min, followed by 0.4 μg/kg/h for 350 min. Venous blood samples were drawn and assayed for plasma concentration. The pharmacokinetics were analysed using a nonlinear mixed-effect model with an interindividual and intraindividual error model. An initial estimation was performed to determine which of the one-, two- or three-compartment models is best to describe the concentration-time data. The covariates age, gender, weight, height, lean body mass (LBM), body surface area (BSA) and body mass index (BMI) were tested for significant effects on parameters using a stepwise forward addition and backward elimination approach. Covariate effects were judged based on changes in the objective function value (OFV). RESULTS The pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine were best described by a three-compartment model. The model was further improved when height was a covariate of systemic clearance (Cl1), with a decrease in OFV by -13.56 (P<0.01). From the heights of 155-178 cm, Cl1 increased by approximately 143%. The final pharmacokinetic parameter values were as follows: V1 =63.4 l, V2=41.3 l, V3 =284.3 l, Cl1=0.47×(height/160 cm)(6.42) l/min, Cl2=2.43 l/min and Cl3=0.086 l/min. CONCLUSIONS This study identified (i) the effect of height on the pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine; (ii) that there is no influence of age, gender, weight, LBM, BSA and BMI on pharmacokinetic parameters; and (iii) it established a preliminary population pharmacokinetic model for Chinese patients.
Collapse
|
522
|
Ai T, Zhang L, Gao Z, Zhu CX, Guo X. Highly efficient virus resistance mediated by artificial microRNAs that target the suppressor of PVX and PVY in plants. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2011; 13:304-16. [PMID: 21309977 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) processed from nuclear-encoded transcripts control expression of target transcripts by directing cleavage or translational inhibition. Artificial miRNAs (amiRNAs) that exploit this endogenous gene silencing mechanism can be designed to target any gene of interest and provide a highly specific approach for effective post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants. Here, using Arabidopsis thaliana miR159a, miR167b and miR171a precursors as backbones, we designed two types of amiRNA targeting sequence that encode the silencing suppressor HC-Pro of Potato virus Y (PVY) and the TGBp1/p25 (p25) of Potato virus X (PVX). The detected amiRNAs efficiently inhibited HC-Pro and p25 gene expression and conferred highly specific resistance against PVY or PVX infection in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum; this resistance was also maintained under conditions of increased viral pressure. Moreover, resistance was strongly influenced by the complementarity between the target sequence and amiRNA, and was well correlated to amiRNA expression level; the expression level of amiRNAs was also well related to the precursor backbones. We further showed that transgenic N. tabacum developed highly effective resistance to both PVY and PVX through expression of a dimeric amiRNA precursor. Together, our findings indicate that transgenic plants with multiple virus-specific resistance can be obtained through co-expression of several amiRNAs targeting multiple viruses.
Collapse
|
523
|
Guo L, Li L, Zhang S, Guo X, Zhang G. Novel polymorphisms in the myostatin gene and their association with growth traits in a variety of bay scallop, Argopecten irradians. Anim Genet 2011; 42:339-40. [PMID: 21554355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
524
|
Tian L, Li W, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Qi H, Guo X, Zhang Y, Ma D, Shen H, Wang Y. The CKLF1-C19 peptide attenuates allergic lung inflammation by inhibiting CCR3- and CCR4-mediated chemotaxis in a mouse model of asthma. Allergy 2011; 66:287-97. [PMID: 21208220 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) is a functional ligand for human CCR4, which is highly expressed on Th2 lymphocytes and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. The expression and function of CKLF1 are associated with asthma. The CKLF1 C-terminal peptides C19 and C27 also interact with human CCR4. Albeit with weaker chemotactic activity, C19 can inhibit chemotaxis induced by both CKLF1 and CCL17. Here, we explore whether C19 can act as an antagonist in the development of asthma. METHODS A mouse model of asthma and in vitro and in vivo chemotaxis assays were used. RESULTS Using a mouse model of asthma, we demonstrate here that C19 reduces airway eosinophilia, lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness; in contrast, C27 has little effect on these parameters. The inhibitory effects of C19 on CCR4-mediated chemotaxis could be observed in human Th2 lymphocytes and in the splenocytes from ovalbumin-sensitized mice. Furthermore, we show that C19 can inhibit CCL11-induced chemotaxis of mouse eosinophils and human CCR3-transfected or mouse Ccr3-transfected HEK293 cells. In vivo chemotaxis assays revealed that C19 and C27 can reduce CCL11-mediated recruitment of eosinophils into the peritoneal cavity and that this inhibitory effect is stronger for C19 than for C27. CONCLUSIONS Thus, C19 can attenuate airway eosinophilia and lung inflammation by inhibiting CCR3- and CCR4-mediated chemotaxis in a mouse model of asthma. Given its ability to inhibit human CCR3- and CCR4-meditated chemotaxis, C19 has great therapeutic potential for use in the treatment and control of allergic asthma.
Collapse
|
525
|
Rao Q, Luo C, Zhang H, Guo X, Devine GJ. Distribution and dynamics of Bemisia tabaci invasive biotypes in central China. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2011; 101:81-88. [PMID: 20822556 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485310000428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), causes severe crop losses in many agricultural systems. The worst of these losses are often associated with the invasion and establishment of specific whitefly biotypes. In a comprehensive survey of biotypes present in central China between 2005 and 2007, we obtained 191 samples of B. tabaci from 19 districts in Hubei province and its surrounds. Biotypes were identified by RAPD-PCR and by sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene (mtCO1). We determined that these central Chinese haplotypes included the world's two most invasive B. tabaci biotypes (B and Q) and two indigenous biotypes (ZHJ1 and ZHJ3). The B biotype shared >99.7% identity with other Chinese B biotypes and the Q biotype shared >99.5% of its identity with Q samples from the Mediterranean, USA, Africa and East Asia. By 2007, the Q biotype was dominant over much of Hubei province and appeared to be supplanting all other biotypes, although both the invasive and indigenous biotypes existed in sympatry in some regions. The invasion and rapid establishment of the Q biotype in China mirrors events elsewhere in the world, and we suggest that this is a consequence of its reproductive isolation, its polyphagous nature and its broad-spectrum resistance to insecticides. Its dominance has severe implications for the sustainability of some insecticide groups and for the production of a number of crops.
Collapse
|