501
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Xie J, Cao J, Chen W, Cui Y, Galvin J, Yu Y, Xiao Y. Breast Tangential Treatment Plan Using Flattening Filter-free Beams: A Planning Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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502
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Xia E, Guo Y, Xiao Y. Analysis on the Pelvic Lesions and Fertility Outcome of 294 Cases Infertile Women Treated by Laparoscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2012.08.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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503
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Chen W, Cui Y, Kong F, Machtay M, Videtic G, Loo B, Gore E, Galvin J, Yu Y, Xiao Y. Is Recontouring Organs-at-Risk (OAR) for Adaptive Radiation Therapy Plans for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer Necessary? A Preactivation Analysis From Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 1106. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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504
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Bar Ad V, Witek M, Leiby B, Xiao Y, Cui Y, Dai Y, Cao J, Axelrod R, Campling B, Werner-Wasik M. Treatment-related Esophagitis for Patients With Locoregionally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Involved-Field Radiation Therapy and Concurrent Chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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505
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Chen W, Cui Y, Kong F, Machtay M, Videtic G, Loo B, Gore E, Galvin J, Yan Y, Xiao Y. Quantitative Evaluation of Impact Upon Tumor Control Probability (TCP) From Quality Assurance Criteria for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer From RTOG 1106 Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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506
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Matuszak M, Xiao Y, Presley J, Bosch W, Ten Haken R, Galvin J, Werner-Wasik M, Machtay M, Bradley J, Kong F. The Importance of Dry Run Credentialing for RTOG 1106/ACRIN 6697: A Trial of Individualized Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Patients with Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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507
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Li J, Harrison A, Chen H, Yu Y, Xiao Y. Dosimetric Evaluation of RTOG 0815 Compliance Criteria for Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Treatment Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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508
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Guckenberger M, Klement R, Belderbos J, Sonke J, Hope A, Kestin L, Yan D, Werner-Wasik M, Xiao Y, Grills I. Is There a Dose Response Relationship for Pulmonary Function Changes After Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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509
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Cheng S, Li F, Guo J, Pei J, Ma Y, Wei Y, Yang B, Xiao Y. Developmental changes of <i>GHR</i> and <i>IGF-I</i> mRNA expression in lamb rumen. Arch Anim Breed 2012. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-55-72-2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. Lambs from birth (0-day-old) to 56-day-old were selected in present study to investigate developmental changes of growth hormone receptor (GHR) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) mRNA expression in their rumen tissue. Forty-five lambs (5 lambs per group) were slaughtered at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 days of age respectively for sampling the tissue of the rumen dorsal sac. The abundance of GHR and IGF-I mRNA were detected through real-time quantitative PCR method. The results indicated that the expression levels of GHR and IGF-I mRNA had similar change tendency in rumen tissue that the GHR and IGF-I mRNA abundance decreased with age from birth to 56-day-old. There was significant positive correlation between the two gene mRNA expression levels. The results suggested that GHR and IGF-I gene expression levels had the specific developmental pattern in rumen tissue.
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510
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Yang Y, Dong D, Peng L, Ling J, Xiao Y, Zhuang H. [A study on the relationship between HPV infection and the oncogenesis of primary squamous carcinoma of the lung.]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2012; 1:35-6. [PMID: 20863461 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.1998.01.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To research the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the oncogenesis of primary squamous carcinoma of the lung. METHODS 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung , 30 samples of areas of squamous epithelium metaplasia near tumors , and 30 samples of normal bronchial mucosa were detected for the presence of HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . RESULTS In these samples , the positive detection rate of HPV DNA was 26%, 36.7% and 10% respectively. Of the detected HPV DNA , HPV16 was of the highest ratio. The positive rate of HPV6/11 and HPV16 in squamous cell carcinoma and squamous epithelium metaplasia had no significant difference by Chi-Square test ( P > 0. 05) . CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that HPV infection might play an important role in the oncogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung , and squamous epithelium metaplasia of the bronchus could be regarded as a precancer lesion. Compared with biotinylated DNA probes and hybridization technique , PCR has a higher sensitivity.
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511
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Chen G, Fan W, Mishra S, El-Atem A, Schuetz M, Xiao Y. Tooth fracture risk analysis based on a new finite element dental structure models using micro-CT data. Comput Biol Med 2012; 42:957-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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512
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Bie L, Zhao G, McClland M, Ju Y, Li PY, Zhou DJ, Jin Z, Bie L, Jenkins RB, Xiao Y, Sicotte H, Decker PA, Kollmeyer TM, Hansen HM, Kosel ML, Zheng S, Walsh KM, Rice T, Bracci P, Smirnov I, Patoka JF, Hsuang G, Wiemels JL, Tehan T, Pico AR, Prados MD, Berger MS, Caron AA, Fink SR, Halder C, Rynearson AL, Fridley BL, O'Neill BP, Giannini C, Lachance DH, Wienke JK, Eckel-Passow JE, Wrensch MR, Aref D, Perry A, Taylor M, Eberhardt C, Olson J, Moffatt C, Croul S, Maurice C, Belanger K, Berthelet F, Weng X, Amirian ES, Liu Y, Okada H, Sarkar SN, Bondy ML, Scheurer ME, Verhaak R, Liu Y, Amirian ES, Okada H, Sarkar S, Scheurer M, Bondy M, Liu Y, Melin B, Wang Z, Rajaraman P, Chanock S, Bondy M, Consortium G, Smith A, Accomando WP, Houseman EA, Marsit CJ, Weincke JK, Kelsey KT. LAB-MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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513
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Cady-Pereira KE, Shephard MW, Millet DB, Luo M, Wells KC, Xiao Y, Payne VH, Worden J. Methanol from TES global observations: retrieval algorithm and seasonal and spatial variability. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2012; 12:8189-8203. [PMID: 33688333 PMCID: PMC7939070 DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-8189-2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We present a detailed description of the TES methanol (CH3OH) retrieval algorithm, along with initial global results showing the seasonal and spatial distribution of methanol in the lower troposphere. The full development of the TES methanol retrieval is described, including microwindow selection, error analysis, and the utilization of a priori and initial guess information provided by the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model. Retrieval simulations and a sensitivity analysis using the developed retrieval strategy show that TES: (i) generally provides less than 1.0 piece of information, (ii) is sensitive in the lower troposphere with peak sensitivity typically occurring between ~900-700 hPa (~1-3 km) at a vertical resolution of ~5 km, (iii) has a limit of detectability between 0.5 and 1.0 ppbv Representative Volume Mixing Ratio (RVMR) depending on the atmospheric conditions, corresponding roughly to a profile with a maximum concentration of at least 1 to 2 ppbv, and (iv) in a simulation environment has a mean bias of 0.16 ppbv with a standard deviation of 0.34 ppbv. Applying the newly derived TES retrieval globally and comparing the results with corresponding GEOS-Chem output, we find generally consistent large-scale patterns between the two. However, TES often reveals higher methanol concentrations than simulated in the Northern Hemisphere spring, summer and fall. In the Southern Hemisphere, the TES methanol observations indicate a model overestimate over the bulk of South America from December through July, and a model underestimate during the biomass burning season.
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514
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Lambert L, Xiao Y, Rinfret S, L'Allier P, Maire S, Kouz S, Ross D, Segal E, Vanasse A, Nasmith J, Bogaty P. 728 Short Term Mortality in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients Treated With Primary Angioplasty (PPCI): A Province-Wide, Systematic Field Evaluation. Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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515
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Lambert L, Xiao Y, Rinfret S, L'Allier P, Segal E, Maire S, Kouz S, Ross D, Vanasse A, Nasmith J, Bogaty P. 727 A Comparison of Outcomes of Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction by Type of Hospital and Choice of Treatment: Results of a Québec-Wide, Systematic Field Evaluation (2008-2009). Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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516
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Bogaty P, Xiao Y, Rinfret S, L'Allier P, Segal E, Maire S, Kouz S, Ross D, Vanasse A, Nasmith J, Lambert L. 725 Clinical Profiles Associated With Timing of Death in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Results of a Province-Wide Field Evaluation. Can J Cardiol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2012.07.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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517
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Doan N, Du Z, Crawford R, Reher P, Xiao Y. Is flapless implant surgery a viable option in posterior maxilla? A review. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 41:1064-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2012.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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518
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Ahmad S, Xiao Y, Han L, Hua H, Riaz H, Liang A, Yang LG. Isolation, Identification and Enrichment of Type A Spermatogonia from the Testis of Chinese Cross-Bred Buffaloes (Swamp × River). Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 48:373-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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519
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Sun Y, Shi W, Yang JY, Zhou DH, Chen YQ, Zhang Y, Yang Y, He BX, Zhong MH, Li YM, Cao Y, Xiao Y, Li W, Yu J, Li YH, Fan MW, Yan HM. Flagellin-PAc fusion protein is a high-efficacy anti-caries mucosal vaccine. J Dent Res 2012; 91:941-7. [PMID: 22895510 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512457684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that an anti-caries DNA vaccine intranasally administered with recombinant flagellin protein as a mucosal adjuvant enhanced salivary IgA response and conferred better protection against caries. However, the relatively weak immunogenicity of DNA vaccines and the necessity for a large quantity of antigens remain significant challenges. Here, we fused the flagellin derived from E. coli (KF) and target antigen PAc containing the A-P fragment of PAc from S. mutans (rPAc) to produce a single recombinant protein (KF-rPAc). The abilities of KF-rPAc to induce rPAc-specific mucosal and systemic responses and protective efficiency against caries following intranasal immunization were compared with those of rPAc alone or a mixture of rPAc and KF (KF + rPAc) in rats. Results showed that KF-rPAc promoted significantly higher rPAc-specific antibodies in serum as well as in saliva than did an equivalent dose of rPAc alone or a mixture of KF + rPAc. Intranasal immunization of 8.5 µg KF-rPAc could achieve 64.2% reduction of dental caries in rats. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that flagellin and PAc fusion strategy is promising for anti-caries vaccine development, and KF-rPAc could be used as an anti-caries mucosal vaccine.
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520
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Zheng Y, Xiao Y, Wu H, Wang Q, Xiao J, Zhang Y, Liu Q. Different approaches to expressing Edwardsiella tarda antigen GAPDH in attenuated Vibrio anguillarum for multivalent fish vaccines. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2012; 35:569-577. [PMID: 22724428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2012.01381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
With the development of gene technology, expressing heterologous antigens in attenuated bacteria has become an important strategy to design multivalent vaccines. In our previous work, an attenuated Vibrio anguillarum named MVAV6203 was developed and proven to be an efficient live vaccine candidate. In this research, we aimed to express protective antigen glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) of Edwardsiella tarda in attenuated Vibrio anguillarum to establish a multivalent V. anguillarum vector vaccine. Several strategies were compared between low- vs. high-copy plasmid-mediated antigen expression, in vivo-inducible vs. constitutive antigen expression and intracellular vs. surface-displaying antigen expression. Zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton), was applied as the fish model to evaluate the immune protection of the V. anguillarum vector vaccine candidates. Our results demonstrated that V. anguillarum MVAV6203 (pUTatLNG40), which harbours a low-copy plasmid-loaded antigen surface display system under the control of a constitutive promoter, presented the best protective efficacy against the infection of Vibrio anguillarum (relative per cent survival, RPS = 85%) and Edwardsiella tarda (RPS = 70%).
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521
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Gong Y, Li J, Li C, Mu Y, Xiao Y, Tian H, Pan C, Liu Y. The Adipose Tissue Endocrine Mechanism of the Prophylactic Protective Effect of Pioglitazone in High-Fat Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance. J Int Med Res 2012; 40:1304-16. [PMID: 22971482 DOI: 10.1177/147323001204000409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To explore the adipose tissue endocrine mechanism of pioglitazone and its possible prophylactic role in insulin resistance. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomized to receive a normal diet (N group), a high-fat insulin resistance-inducing diet (IR group), or a high-fat diet plus treatment with pioglitazone (P group). Glucose tolerance and insulin resistance were tested at weeks 10 and 11 after starting the diet and, at week 12, adipose, liver and skeletal muscle tissue samples were taken. HepG2 cells were cultured with palmitic acid (PA), pioglitazone and PA plus pioglitazone, and RNA interference was used to downregulate adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) 2 in these cells. The mRNA and protein levels of adipokines (resistin and adiponectin), AdipoR1 and 2 and uptake of [3H]-labelled glucose were measured in the HepG2 cells. RESULTS: Resistin and adiponectin in adipose tissue and AdipoR2 in liver tissue were significantly decreased in the IR group compared with the N group. Adiponectin and AdipoR2 were significantly increased and insulin resistance significantly decreased in the P group versus the IR group. In HepG2 cells, AdipoR2 levels and glucose uptake decreased significantly when PA was ≥ 200 μM, but were elevated by pioglitazone. Small interfering RNA-AdipoR2 confirmed glucose uptake in liver was regulated by AdipoR2. CONCLUSIONS: Pioglitazone prevented insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat diet. Liver AdipoR2-mediated glucose uptake is important in the prophylactic effect of pioglitazone on insulin resistance.
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522
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Hao L, Mattevi C, Gallop J, Goniszewski S, Xiao Y, Cohen L, Klein N. Microwave surface impedance measurements on reduced graphene oxide. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:285706. [PMID: 22728562 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/28/285706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Here we report a non-contact method for microwave surface impedance measurements of reduced graphene oxide samples using a high Q dielectric resonator perturbation technique, with the aim of studying the water content of graphene oxide flakes. Measurements are made before, during and after heating and cooling cycles. We have modelled plane wave propagation of microwaves perpendicular to the surface of graphene on quartz substrates, capacitively coupled to a dielectric resonator. Analytical solutions are derived for both changes in resonant frequency and microwave loss for a range of water layer thicknesses. In this way we have measured the presence of adsorbed water layers in reduced graphene oxide films. The water can be removed by low temperature annealing on both single and multilayer samples. The results indicate that water is intercalated between the layers in a multilayer sample, rather than only being adsorbed on the outer surfaces, and it can be released by applying a mild heating.
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523
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Xiao Y, Wang Q, Erb M, Turlings TCJ, Ge L, Hu L, Li J, Han X, Zhang T, Lu J, Zhang G, Lou Y. Specific herbivore-induced volatiles defend plants and determine insect community composition in the field. Ecol Lett 2012; 15:1130-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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524
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Wells KC, Millet DB, Hu L, Cady-Pereira KE, Xiao Y, Shephard M, Clerbaux CL, Clarisse L, Coheur PF, Apel EC, de Gouw J, Warneke C, Singh HB, Goldstein AH, Sive BC. Tropospheric methanol observations from space: retrieval evaluation and constraints on the seasonality of biogenic emissions. ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS 2012; 12:5897-5912. [PMID: 33719354 PMCID: PMC7954041 DOI: 10.5194/acp-12-5897-2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Methanol retrievals from nadir-viewing space-based sensors offer powerful new information for quantifying methanol emissions on a global scale. Here we apply an ensemble of aircraft observations over North America to evaluate new methanol measurements from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) on the Aura satellite, and combine the TES data with observations from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) on the MetOp-A satellite to investigate the seasonality of methanol emissions from northern midlatitude ecosystems. Using the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model as an intercomparison platform, we find that the TES retrieval performs well when the degrees of freedom for signal (DOFS) are above 0.5, in which case the model:TES regressions are generally consistent with the model:aircraft comparisons. Including retrievals with DOFS below 0.5 degrades the comparisons, as these are excessively influenced by the a priori. The comparisons suggest DOFS >0.5 as a minimum threshold for interpreting retrievals of trace gases with a weak tropospheric signal. We analyze one full year of satellite observations and find that GEOS-Chem, driven with MEGANv2.1 biogenic emissions, underestimates observed methanol concentrations throughout the midlatitudes in springtime, with the timing of the seasonal peak in model emissions 1-2 months too late. We attribute this discrepancy to an underestimate of emissions from new leaves in MEGAN, and apply the satellite data to better quantify the seasonal change in methanol emissions for midlatitude ecosystems. The derived parameters (relative emission factors of 11.0, 0.26, 0.12 and 3.0 for new, growing, mature, and old leaves, respectively, plus a leaf area index activity factor of 0.5 for expanding canopies with leaf area index <1.2) provide a more realistic simulation of seasonal methanol concentrations in midlatitudes on the basis of both the IASI and TES measurements.
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525
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Giaddui T, Cui Y, Yegingil Z, Xie J, Chen W, Galvin J, Yu Y, Xiao Y. SU-E-I-08: KV XVI Cone Beam-CT Dose Measurement Using Gafchromic XRQA2 Film. Med Phys 2012; 39:3626. [PMID: 28519527 DOI: 10.1118/1.4734722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the effect of different filters on the dose response curves of the Gafchromic XRQA2 film. To measure the kV XVI cone-beam CT (CBCT) surface dose received during 3D and 4D imaging protocols in three body regions (head and neck, chest and pelvis). METHODS GafChromic XR- QA2 film (International Specialty Products, Wayne, NJ) dose response curves were generated for three irradiation settings: 100 kVp S20/F0; 120 kVp S20/F0 and 120 kVp S20/F1(F1 is a Bowtie filter). Film pieces were irradiated in air by the X-ray Volume Imager (XVI) mounted on the Elekta Synergy linear accelerator (Elekta, Crawley, UK) and their responses were correlated to air kerma measurements. To measure the CBCT surface dose, film pieces were taped on the surface of a male Alderson Rando Phantom (Alderson Research Laboratories, Inc., Long Island City, New York) at four different places (Anterior, Posterior, Right Lateral, Left Lateral). RESULTS The dose response curves of XRQA2 film generated with F1 and F0 filters were found to differ by 5 to 7% when the air kerma changed between 2 and 5 cGy. This was less than the observed difference (more than 15%, especially at low air kerma) in the dose response curves when different energies (100 and 120 kVp) and same filter were used. Surface dose ranged between 0.02 cGy and 4.99 cGy. The lowest average surface dose (0.05 cGy) was observed when the fast head and neck protocol was used, whilst the highest average surface dose (3.06 cGy) was noticed when the chest m2 0 protocol was used. CONCLUSIONS Filters seem to have less effect on the dose response of the film compared with energy. Gafchromic XRQA2 film was used successfully to measure the XVI CBCT surface dose. The dose was found to vary from one imaging protocol to another, with 4D protocols not necessarily delivering more doses.
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