Robinson TN, Wilde ML, Navracruz LC, Haydel KF, Varady A. Effects of reducing children's television and video game use on aggressive behavior: a randomized controlled trial.
ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE 2001;
155:17-23. [PMID:
11177057 DOI:
10.1001/archpedi.155.1.17]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT
The relationship between exposure to aggression in the media and children's aggressive behavior is well documented. However, few potential solutions have been evaluated.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of reducing television, videotape, and video game use on aggressive behavior and perceptions of a mean and scary world.
DESIGN
Randomized, controlled, school-based trial.
SETTING
Two sociodemographically and scholastically matched public elementary schools in San Jose, Calif.
PARTICIPANTS
Third- and fourth-grade students (mean age, 8.9 years) and their parents or guardians.
INTERVENTION
Children in one elementary school received an 18-lesson, 6-month classroom curriculum to reduce television, videotape, and video game use.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
In September (preintervention) and April (postintervention) of a single school year, children rated their peers' aggressive behavior and reported their perceptions of the world as a mean and scary place. A 60% random sample of children were observed for physical and verbal aggression on the playground. Parents were interviewed by telephone and reported aggressive and delinquent behaviors on the child behavior checklist. The primary outcome measure was peer ratings of aggressive behavior.
RESULTS
Compared with controls, children in the intervention group had statistically significant decreases in peer ratings of aggression (adjusted mean difference, -2.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.6 to -0.2; P =.03) and observed verbal aggression (adjusted mean difference, -0.10 act per minute per child; 95% CI, -0.18 to -0.03; P =.01). Differences in observed physical aggression, parent reports of aggressive behavior, and perceptions of a mean and scary world were not statistically significant but favored the intervention group.
CONCLUSIONS
An intervention to reduce television, videotape, and video game use decreases aggressive behavior in elementary schoolchildren. These findings support the causal influences of these media on aggression and the potential benefits of reducing children's media use.
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