[Reproduction study of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone (M73101) in rats (II). Administration of M73101 during the period of major organogenesis (author's transl)]

Pregnant female rats were given orally M73101 (0,100,250 and 600 mg/kg) or aspirin (225 mg/kg) on gestational days 7 to 17. About two-thirds of treated females in each group were sacrificed at day 21 of pregnancy and their fetuses were examined for abnormalities. The remaining females were allowed to deliver spontaneously in order to observe postnatal development of their offspring. The results were summarized as follows: 1. No significant effects of M73101 on number of the corpora lutea, litter size, fetal mortality, fetal weight or sex ratio were observed, but aspirin exhibited the intrauterine deaths and growth retardation in fetuses. 2. No external, internal or skeletal malformations attributable to M73101 were seen in fetuses, although aspirin caused malformations of various organ systems. 3. No apparent effects of M73101 on F1 generation were observed on postnatal development including emotionality, learning ability and reproductive performance. There were no adverse influences of M73101 on postnatal development of F2 generation. Aspirin, however, showed adverse effects on postnatal survival, growth, emotionality and mating performance of F1 generation.

Studies on Actinomycetales producing antibiotics only on agar culture. I. Screening, taxonomy and morphology-productivity relationship of Streptomyces halstedii, strain SF-1993

Soil Actinomycetales that produce antibiotics during growth on agar but not in submerged culture were searched for and about 25 strains were obtained. One of these, Streptomyces halstedii, strain SF-1993, which produces an antibiotic designated SF-1993 was studied taxonomically and morphologically. The antibiotic-productivity of strain SF-1993 was correlated with mycelial morphology. The vegetative mycelium was filamentous in antibiotic-producing agar cultures, but fragmented in non-producing submerged cultures. By maintaining submerged cells filamentous, production of antibiotic in the submerged fermentations was accomplished. Filamentation was maintained by the use of diluted media or non-fragmented mutant substrains.

[Reproduction study of 4-ethoxy-2-methyl-5-morpholino-3(2H)-pyridazinone (M73101) in rabbits. Administration of M73101 during the period of major organogenesis (author's transl)]

M73101 and aspirin were evaluated for the effects on prenatal development of progeny in JW-NIBS strain rabbits. Pregnant females were given orally M73101 (0, 50, 120 and 300mg/kg/day) or aspirin (200mg/kg/day) on days 6 to 18 of gestation. They were sacrificed on days 29 of pregnancy and their fetuses were examined for abnormalities. The results were summarized as follows: 1. During the dosing period, females received 300mg/kg of M73101 showed pronounced body weight depression and decrease in food and water intake. But after the dosing period, these influences were not seen. Females received aspirin did not show such phenomena. 2. There were no adverse effects on number of implants, litter size, fetal mortality or fetal weight, and no malformed fetuses attributable to the drugs were seen in each group.

Enhancement of 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contraction of the guinea pig ileum by a new sulfur compound, tripropylsulfonium bromide

In the presence of tripropylsulfonium bromide (TPS) (1 X 10(-4) g/ml), a new compound, the phasic contraction of the isolated guinea pig ileum to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (5 X 10(-7) g/ml) was consistently enhanced ("TPS effect"). TPS alone increased moderatley the spontaneous movement of the ileum. When the contraction height was calculated as the percentage of that to 5-HT alone, such was observed in the "TPS effect" to be 167.1 +/- 3.6% (mean +/- S.E., n = 80). TPS did not enhance the contraction due to acetylcholine or histamine. The "TPS effect" remained unaffected in the presence of dibenzyline (1 X 10(-7) g/ml), was abolished by morphine(1 X 10(-6) g/ml), tetrodotoxin (2 X 10(-8) g/ml) adenosine (3 X 10(-6) g/ml) and atropine (1 X 10(-7) g/ml) and was not observed under anoxic conditions. Eserine (1 X 10(-8) g/ml) strengthened the "TPS effect" markedly. It is concluded that this effect may be the result of the potentiating effect of TPS on the action of 5-HT through the M receptors, possibly by the facilitation of the acetylcholine-liberation from the nervous tissue.

Symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst. Morphological study with light and electron microscopy and tissue culture

A rare case is reported in which a symptomatic Rathke's cleft cyst was studied by light and electron microscopy and tissue culture. The findings are compared with those of a craniopharyngioma studied in the same way. The patient was a 26-year-old woman presenting with headache, chiasmatic syndrome, and hypopituitarism. A cyst containing a mural nodule was partially removed and an Ommaya reservoir placed in the operative site for further treatment. The cyst wall was composed of connective tissue and three kinds of epithelial cells: non-ciliated squamous, ciliated columnar, and mucous-secreting cells. The morphology of these cells in vitro was similar to prickle cells seen in craniopharyngioma and the epidermis. It is concluded that both Rathke's left cyst and craniopharyngioma originate in remnants of Rathke's pouch, but at times may show some histological differences.

[A pattern analysis of stress-strain curves for Ag alloys. (Part 1) On stress-strain curves for Ag-Cu alloys (author's transl)]

Mechanical properties of the dental metals have been estimated from the value of tensile strength, yield point, elastic limit, elongation and so on. But when applying these values to practical dental problems, they are often find to be not available enough. And recently the electoronic computer has been developed and widyly used in various fields, so the author tried to analyze true stress-true strain curves for alloys as pattern by the computer. The flow curves in the region of uniform plastic deformation was expressed by the Hollomon model, sigma=FepsilonN, and in this paper, Ag-Cu alloys were studied in various contents and heat treatments. Results obtained are as follows [1] Theoretically, the equations should hold between experimental values--epsilonT, ST and calculated values --N, F(F/e)N, that is epsilonT=N, and ST=F(N/e)N. In the case of Ag-Cu alloys, these relations agree well with the theoretical equations. In other words, the shape of true stress-true strain curves for Ag-Cu alloys almost coincide with the theoretical approximate curves, sigma=FepsilonN. [2] Strain hardening exponent N is very dependent on the micro structures of Ag-Cu alloys, but plastic coefficient F is independent of the micro structures. Coefficient F is directly proportional to sigma T. [3] The relationship of F to N can be expressed by equation of F=R(N+1)/NN+1. This equation may be described to be another form of the strain energy equation. Therefore parameter R is dependent on the strain energy. And the plots by computer agreed well with the experimental values.

[Intracranial collision tumor--A case report (author's transl)]

A 21-year-old man with nasopharyngeal tumor was first admitted to the Nagoya University Hospital on April 15, 1972. He had difficulty in speaking and swallowing, and developed double vision prior to admission. A soft and yellow tumor was found in the nasopharynx and revealed typical features of chordoma. The patient underwent Co60 irradiation after the operation. On January 25, 1973, the patient developed double vision of severe degree. Microscopic examination of the specimen which was obtained at the time of the second operation in February 9, 1973, disclosed a coexistence (collision) of chordoma and hemangioblastoma. The two different tumors were situated in juxtaposition on histological examination. Co60 irradiation was added during his second hospitalization. Three months after the second operation, he developed symptoms of meningitis and was hospitalized for the third time on June 3, 1973, at which time the tumor tissue extended through the right frontal and middle fossa. The third operation was done with frontal craniotomy and tumor was partially removed. The histological diagnosis was hemangioblastoma. Postoperatively the patient went downhill and died on September 19, 1973. The report of a collision tumor of intracranial chordoma and hemangioblastoma is not found in the previous literature. There have been many theories as to the origin of collision tumor. Some investigators have proposed that the existence of hyperplastic blood vessels within the glioblastoma is responsible for the collision tumor of sarcoma and glioblastoma. Since the advent of radiotherapy, several examples of sarcoma have been discovered at postmortem examination in patient irradiated for treatment of cerebral neoplasm, both gliogeneous and nongliogenous, suggesting a possible relationship between the tumor and the radiation therapy. In our case, the chordoma showed neither hyperplastic blood vessels nor malignant pattern on histological examination. It was suspected that post-operative radiation induced the hemangioblastoma. The etiology was discussed from the review of literature.

Cyclic change in hypothalamic lactic dehydrogenase activity in the adult female rat

Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the anterior, middle and posterior hypothalamus has been studied in adult female rats during the different phases of the oestrous cycle. Differences in LDH activity were found in the middle and posterior hypothalamus. LDH activity in the middle hypothalamus was significantly higher between 5:30 a. m. and 7:00 a. m. on the day of pro-oestrus than during the other phases (P < 0.01). (Rats were exposed to a controlled light schedule of 12 hours of light daily from 10 p. m. to 10 a. m.). LDH activity in the posterior hypothalamus was higher between 5:30 a. m. and 7:00 a. m. on the day of pro-oestrus than during the other phases. But this difference was not statistically significant. Ovulation which should occur during that night was blocked, when the rats were anaesthetized by pentobarbital between 5:30 a. m. and 7:00 a. m. during pro-oestrus. These findings indicate that the rise in LDH activity of the middle hypothalamus during the critical period may be related to the release of the luteinizing hormone releasing factor.