651
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Pan J, Hirai KI, Simamura E, Koyama J, Shimada H, Kuwabara S. Mitochondrial damage by a new antitumour agent furanonaphthoquinone derivative in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. JOURNAL OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 1997; 46:181-187. [PMID: 9180033 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jmicro.a023506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular ultrastructural changes induced by the new antitumour agent 2-methylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione (FNQ3) were investigated in human cervical cancer HeLa cells in comparison with normal cervix cells. The normal cells were isolated from cervixes surgically resected from myoma patients and were keratin positive. FNQ3 at 3-5 micrograms ml-1 selectively damaged the HeLa cell mitochondria followed by rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum resulting in cell death. In contrast, normal cells remained unaffected at that concentration but were damaged by 20 micrograms ml-1 FNQ3. The FNQ3-induced tumour cell toxicity was inhibited 52% and 36% by trolox and a water-soluble fraction of the antioxidative substance AOB, respectively. The results indicated that FNQ3 is selectively toxic to HeLa cells at approximately eight times that of normal cells in terms of mitochondrial alteration and free radical formation.
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652
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Arakawa M, Ueno M, Shimada H, Nishi S. [Primary and secondary glomerular diseases]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 1997:128-132. [PMID: 9277702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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653
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Shimada H, Hochadel JF, Waalkes MP. Progesterone pretreatment enhances cellular sensitivity to cadmium despite a marked activation of the metallothionein gene. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 1997; 142:178-85. [PMID: 9007047 DOI: 10.1006/taap.1996.8008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we found that in vivo pretreatment with progesterone markedly increased cadmium lethality in rats, apparently by enhancing cadmium-induced hepatonecrosis. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate this phenomenon at the molecular level in an in vitro system. TRL-1215 rat liver cells were exposed to various concentrations of progesterone (0, 1, 10, and 100 microM) for 24 hr and subsequently exposed to cadmium (0, 1, 5, 10, and 50 microM; as CdCl2) for an additional 24 hr. Although the levels of progesterone used were essentially nontoxic, progesterone pretreatment resulted in a concentration-dependent increase in sensitivity to cadmium as assessed by loss of mitochondrial enzyme activity (tetrazolium-based dye assay) and loss of cytosolic enzyme activity (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase). The effects of progesterone treatment on intracellular levels of metallothionein (MT), an inducible metal-binding protein generally associated with cadmium tolerance, were also measured. Progesterone (100 microM) alone increased MT levels 2.4-fold, while cadmium (10 microM) alone resulted in a 7-fold increase over control. Progesterone pretreatment followed by cadmium exposure caused a marked, 16-fold induction in MT synthesis, a level of activity that has been associated with acquired tolerance to cadmium. In addition, progesterone pretreatment clearly induced transcription of the MT gene as evidenced by enhanced cadmium-induced accumulation of cellular MT mRNA. Progesterone pretreatment had no effect on the level of glutathione, a cellular thiol thought to be important in detoxication of cadmium prior to MT gene activation and MT protein accumulation, or on cellular accumulation of cadmium during the initial 3 hr of exposure to the metal. The proportion of total cellular cadmium bound to MT in cells pretreated with progesterone was greater than that in the cells treated with cadmium alone, indicating an enhanced sequestration of the metal by MT after pretreatment. These results indicate that progesterone, at nontoxic levels, markedly exacerbates cadmium toxicity at the cellular level in liver cells. This is in accord with the observed progesterone-induced enhancement of the hepatotoxic effects of cadmium in vivo. The observed facilitation of cytotoxicity is not based in altered toxicokinetics of cadmium and occurs despite a pronounced activation of the MT gene resulting in an enhanced sequestration of cadmium by MT. The mechanism by which progesterone enhances cadmium toxicity deserves further study.
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654
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Gunji Y, Tagawa M, Matsubara H, Takenaga K, Shimada H, Kondo F, Suzuki T, Nakajima K, Sugaya M, Asano T, Ochiai T, Isono K, Kageyama H, Nakamura Y, Sakiyama S. Antitumor effect of murine colon carcinoma cells retrovirally transduced with interleukin-4 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor genes. Oncology 1997; 54:69-73. [PMID: 8978596 DOI: 10.1159/000227664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the antitumor effect of murine colon carcinoma cells developed to produce cytokines. Retrovirally transduced cells were inoculated into syngeneic mice, and their survivals were examined. Inoculation of interleukin-4 (IL-4)- or granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-producing cells alone did not affect the survival of the mice. In the tumors derived from an admixture of IL-4 and GM-CSF producers, however, regression developed spontaneously, and prolonged survival of the challenged mice was consequently observed. Histological examination revealed predominant infiltration of neutrophils around the tumor of a mixed population of IL-4 and GM-CSF producers.
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655
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Imai N, Nishi S, Suzuki Y, Karasawa R, Ueno M, Shimada H, Kawashima S, Nakamaru T, Miyakawa Y, Araki N, Horiuchi S, Gejyo F, Arakawa M. Histological localization of advanced glycosylation end products in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Nephron Clin Pract 1997; 76:153-60. [PMID: 9200406 DOI: 10.1159/000190163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the immunohistochemical localization of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Fourteen NIDDM patients with diabetic nephropathy were evaluated: 2 patients with normoalbuminuria, 4 with microalbuminuria (MA) and 8 with overt proteinuria (OP). Three patients with minor glomerular abnormalities were used as nondiabetic controls. Immunoreactivity to a monoclonal anti-AGE antibody (6D12) was recognized on the internal elastic membranes of arterial walls in every diabetic group. Hyaline lesions of arterioles of the MA and OP groups demonstrated strong reactions with 6D12. A portion of the nodular and exudative lesions in glomeruli of OP group patients also revealed immunoreactivity to 6D12. No immunoreactivity to 6D12 was observed in nondiabetic control specimens. We confirm that the accumulation of AGEs began in arterial walls of the early stage and presented in glomerular lesions of the late stage of the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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656
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Ueno M, Nishi S, Osawa Y, Shimada H, Karasawa R, Nakamaru T, Miyakawa Y, Arakawa M. [Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)]. RYOIKIBETSU SHOKOGUN SHIRIZU 1997:124-7. [PMID: 9277701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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657
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Makuuchi H, Tanaka H, Shimada H, Chino O, Nishi T, Machimura T, Nakasaki H, Mitomi T. [Esophageal cancer and multiple primary cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1997; 24:1-7. [PMID: 9020938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Two hundred eleven cases, 27.1%, of multiple primary cancers of esophagus and other organs were found in 778 cases of esophageal cancers which were treated in our institution. Among them, double cancer accounted for 92.9%, triple cancer accounted for 6.6% and quadruple cancer for 0.5%. As for the other organ of esophageal double cancer. 59.9% of them were head and neck, 25.1% were stomach, 4.9% were colon and rectum, and remaining included liver, breast, lymphoma lung kidney etc. Head and neck cancers consisted with hypopharynx, tongue, larynx, oral floor and gingiva regarding incidence in its order. For discovering of double cancer in esophagus and other organs, 1. head and neck, stomach, colon and rectum, lung, liver etc. should be investigated preoperatively in the patients of esophageal cancer, 2. Esophagus should be examined preoperatively in the patients of these cancers, 3. Screening of esophageal cancer should be performed in the patients of high risks of esophageal cancer. As for the multiple primary cancer of esophagus and other organs, the balance of treatment should be considered to take the priority of the cancer limiting the prognosis.
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658
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Sofuni T, Wilcox P, Shimada H, Clements J, Honma M, Clive D, Green M, Thybaud V, San RH, Elliott BM, Müller L. Mouse lymphoma workshop: Victoria, British Columbia, Canada, March 27, 1996 protocol issues regarding the use of the Microwell Method of the Mouse Lymphoma Assay. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 1997; 29:434-438. [PMID: 9212796 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)29:4<434::aid-em13>3.0.co;2-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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659
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Chino O, Makuuchi H, Machimura T, Mizutani K, Shimada H, Kanno K, Nishi T, Tanaka H, Sasaki T, Tajima T, Mitomi T, Sugihara T. Treatment of esophageal cancer in patients over 80 years old. Surg Today 1997; 27:9-16. [PMID: 9035294 DOI: 10.1007/bf01366933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A total of 828 patients with esophageal cancer were treated at the Second Department of Surgery of Tokai University in the 20-year period from 1975 to June 1994, including 45 patients over 80 years old. We reviewed these elderly patients to assess the optimum therapeutic approach for such individuals. In recent years, the number of elderly patients with esophageal cancer has steadily been increasing. Advanced cancer is more common among this group, but early cancer has also been detected more frequently in recent years. Of the 45 elderly patients (80%) in our series, 36 were encountered in the last 10 years. As 28.9% of the patients had multiple cancers, a careful workup was necessary preoperatively. Since most patients (88.9%) had complications and were also in a poor general condition, limited surgery was recommended in consideration of the postoperative quality of life. The indications for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) may be able to be extended to submucosal1 (sm1) cancer without lymph node swelling. Postoperative complications occurred in 60% of those undergoing surgical resection or esophageal bypass, although death only resulted in 1 case. The 5-year survival rate after surgical resection was 30.8%. These results therefore support the use of surgical treatment for selected elderly patients with esophageal cancer.
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660
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Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo K, Yamazaki K, Hatoh-Okazaki M, Kawashita H, Okamura C, Akasaka K, Shimada H, Yasumasu I. cDNA cloning of Na+, K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit from embryos of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Zoolog Sci 1996; 13:833-41. [PMID: 9107140 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.13.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Na+, K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunit cDNA of the sea urchin, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus, was obtained by twice screening prism and gastrula lambda gt10 cDNA libraries using an oligonucleotide probe derived from a mostly conserved region, FSBA (5'-p-(fluorosulfonyl)-benzoyladenosine) binding site of cation transport ATPases. The 5'-end of the non-coding region was determined by primer extension and the region was amplified by 5'-RACE method. The sea urchin alpha-subunit cDNA consists of 4401 nucleotides and encodes 1038 amino acid residues (MW, 114 kDa). The predicted primary structure, except N-terminal region, has similar degree of high homology to various metazoan Na+, K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunits. Alignment of amino acid sequence and a hydropathy profile also predicts eight putative transmembrane segments at least. The phylogenetic tree suspected from alignment of amino acid sequences of 21 species suggests that sea urchin and vertebrate Na+, K(+)-ATPase alpha-subunits seem to have evolved from a common origin, before vertebrate alpha-subunit divided into three isoforms.
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661
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Shimada H. Genotoxicity tests. Considerations regarding the selection of a standard battery test. J Toxicol Sci 1996; 21:469-72. [PMID: 9035056 DOI: 10.2131/jts.21.5_469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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662
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Harada Y, Akasaka K, Shimada H, Peterson KJ, Davidson EH, Satoh N. Spatial expression of a forkhead homologue in the sea urchin embryo. Mech Dev 1996; 60:163-73. [PMID: 9025069 DOI: 10.1016/s0925-4773(96)00608-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Echinoderms are the sister group of the chordates and hemichordates within the deuterostomes. They lack a notochord or any structures obviously homologous with it. To gain insight into developmental mechanisms important in the origin and early evolution of chordates, we investigated sea urchin homologues of chordate genes that are implicated in notochord formation, viz. Brachyury and HNF-3 beta. Here we report the pattern of expression of a sea urchin orthologue of forkhead, Hphnf3 which is present as a single copy per haploid genome. An Hphnf3 transcript of 3.0 kb was first detected at the swimming blastula stage, accumulated maximally at the gastrula and prism-embryo stages, and decreased at the pluteus-larva stage. In situ hybridization signals were found in cells of the vegetal plate of the swimming blastula. During gastrulation, intense staining was evident in the cells surrounding the blastopore, whereas weak staining was detected in the invaginating archenteron. At the prism-embryo stage, the entire archenteron stained intensely; then, at pluteus stage, the larva staining decreased in intensity. The forkhead and Brachyury genes begin to be expressed almost simultaneously in sea urchin embryos, in the vegetal plate at the late blastula stage. After the onset of gastrulation, however, Hphnf3 is expressed in the posterior part of the archenteron, whereas the Brachyury orthologue, HpTa, is expressed in the secondary mesenchyme founder cells, which occupy the anterior tip of archenteron. Hphnf3 may contribute to specification of embryonic cells as archenteron, and the role of HpTa may be directed towards specification of mesodermal founder cells. Except for the basal character of expression in endoderm and endomesoderm, these transcription factors are clearly utilized differently in chordates.
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663
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Togo S, Fujii S, Yamaguchi S, Ike H, Ooki S, Shimada H. Thoracoscopic lung resection for lung metastasis of colorectal cancer. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 1996; 6:480-4. [PMID: 8948043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We performed thoracoscopic lung resection seven times in four patients with lung metastases from colorectal cancer. This procedure allowed a short operation time, minimal blood loss, and a short hospital stay. Thoracoscopic lung resection was chosen for resection of lung metastases from colorectal cancer because it allowed simultaneous bilateral lung resection and early postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.
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664
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Ueno M, Nishi S, Shimada H, Karasawa R, Nakamaru T, Miyadawa Y, Arakawa M. [Coping with pathological changes in digestive system and kidney in collagen disease --rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis]. NIHON NAIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 1996; 85:1860-1866. [PMID: 9019507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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665
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Miura Y, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Ogura M, de Fries R, Shimada H, Mitsuhashi M. Fluorometric determination of total mRNA with oligo(dT) immobilized on microtiter plates. Clin Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/42.11.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We have developed a rapid and nonradioactive method of quantifying cytosolic mRNA from crude cell lysates by using plastic plates to which oligonucleotides containing poly(dT) sequences were previously immobilized. Captured mRNA on the plate was mixed with Yoyo-1 fluorescent indicator dye, and the resulting Yoyo-1 fluorescence of the mRNA-Yoyo-1 complex was measured in a fluorometer. Because Yoyo-1 signals were linearly increased in proportion to the amount of applied mRNA in the range 10-250 ng, the amount of mRNA in test samples can be determined by comparing their Yoyo-1 fluorescence with that of known concentrations of calibrator mRNA. Using this system, we found that the amount of cytosolic mRNA in undifferentiated U937 and HL-60 cells was 268.6 +/- 13.1 and 282.0 +/- 7.8 ng/10(6) cells, respectively, significantly (P < 0.01) more than that of phorbol ester-induced differentiated U937 and HL-60 cells (145.3 +/- 13.9 and 164.7 +/- 11.6), respectively. Therefore, the present system may be applicable to both medical molecular biology research and diagnostics.
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666
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Yoshikawa M, Shimada H, Shimoda H, Murakami N, Yamahara J, Matsuda H. Bioactive constituents of Chinese natural medicines. II. Rhodiolae radix. (1). Chemical structures and antiallergic activity of rhodiocyanosides A and B from the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey. (Crassulaceae). Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1996; 44:2086-91. [PMID: 8945774 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.44.2086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Two bioactive cyanoglycosides, rhodiocyanosides A and B, and two oligoglycosides, rhodioflavonoside [gossypetin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside] and rhodiooctanoside [octyl alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->6) beta- D-glucopyranoside), were isolated from the Chinese natural medicine "Si Lie Hong Jing Tian" (Shiretsukoukeiten in Japanese), the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey., together with four known compounds: rhodioloside, n-hexyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, gossypetin 7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, and tricetin. The chemical structures of new glycosides were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Rhodiocyanosides A and B exhibited inhibitory activity on the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells sensitized with anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl IgE. Additionally, rhodiocyanoside A, the major constituent of this natural medicine, was also found to show antiallergic activity in a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test in rat.
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667
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Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Momiyama N, Chishima T, Hasegawa S, Yamaoka H, Yamamoto N, Okamoto T, Kawaguchi M, Shimada H. Clinical application of a novel DNA fluorescence intercalator, pyrylium dye, for the quantification of PCR products. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1996; 56:641-7. [PMID: 8981660 DOI: 10.3109/00365519609090599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a powerful tool for clinical diagnosis in the field of oncology, infection, and allergy. However, a simple and sensitive method for quantifying PCR products has not been established. We therefore used a novel fluorescence DNA intercalator, pyrylium iodide (P2) to quantify PCR products. A 838-bp fragment of the human beta-actin gene and a 374-bp fragment of the gene for ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and ODC primer dimers were generated by PCR and quantified using either P2 or another fluorescence DNA intercalator, YOYO-1. In addition, utilizing RT-PCR and the P2 method, the ODC mRNA expression from 10 colonic cancers was quantified. Serially diluted beta-actin and ODC PCR products could be quantified using P2 without having to separate them from primer dimers and other components of the reaction mixture. However, YOYO-1 could not be used to quantify the PCR products because of high background fluorescence from the primer dimers. In the clinical study, ODC mRNA expression as quantified by P2 was significantly higher in cancerous tissue (113.8 +/- 4.1; mean +/- SEM; plate reader units) than in mucosa of normal appearance (68.4 +/- 4.8). P2 is a promising tool for quantifying PCR products.
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668
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Miura Y, Ichikawa Y, Ishikawa T, Ogura M, de Fries R, Shimada H, Mitsuhashi M. Fluorometric determination of total mRNA with oligo(dT) immobilized on microtiter plates. Clin Chem 1996; 42:1758-64. [PMID: 8906073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a rapid and nonradioactive method of quantifying cytosolic mRNA from crude cell lysates by using plastic plates to which oligonucleotides containing poly(dT) sequences were previously immobilized. Captured mRNA on the plate was mixed with Yoyo-1 fluorescent indicator dye, and the resulting Yoyo-1 fluorescence of the mRNA-Yoyo-1 complex was measured in a fluorometer. Because Yoyo-1 signals were linearly increased in proportion to the amount of applied mRNA in the range 10-250 ng, the amount of mRNA in test samples can be determined by comparing their Yoyo-1 fluorescence with that of known concentrations of calibrator mRNA. Using this system, we found that the amount of cytosolic mRNA in undifferentiated U937 and HL-60 cells was 268.6 +/- 13.1 and 282.0 +/- 7.8 ng/10(6) cells, respectively, significantly (P < 0.01) more than that of phorbol ester-induced differentiated U937 and HL-60 cells (145.3 +/- 13.9 and 164.7 +/- 11.6), respectively. Therefore, the present system may be applicable to both medical molecular biology research and diagnostics.
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669
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Inoue K, Shimada H, Ueba J, Enomoto S, Tanaka-Saisaka Y, Kubota T, Koyama M, Morita T. High-affinity calcium-binding site in the gama-carboxyglutamic acid domain of bovine factor VII. Biochemistry 1996; 35:13826-32. [PMID: 8901525 DOI: 10.1021/bi960713n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The calcium-mediated interaction of factor VIIa with tissue factor is considered to be the primary trigger of blood coagulation. To determine the role of calcium ions in the action of factor VII, we prepared monoclonal antibodies whose binding to factor VII was calcium-dependent. A monoclonal antibody designated C6 strongly inhibited factor VII-induced clotting at a molar ratio of factor VII to antibody of 1:1. The half-maximal binding of factor VII to the C6 antibody was observed at a concentration of calcium ions of 80 microM. Proteolytic fragments of factor VII were assayed for their ability to inhibit competitively the binding of 125I-factor VII to immobilized C6 antibody. The binding was inhibited by increasing amounts of factor VII, by a fragment that contained the gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain linked to first epidermal growth factor-like domain, and by a Gla domain peptide (residues 1-41), over a range of concentration of 10(-9) to 10(-7) M. The antigenic site recognized by the monoclonal antibody C6, which was generated upon the high-affinity binding of calcium ions, was located in the Gla domain. The C6 antibody inhibited the activation of factor X and the amidolytic activity of factor VIIa in the presence of tissue factor. These results demonstrate that a high-affinity calcium-binding site(s) is located in the Gla domain of factor VII, which is concerned with the initiation of tissue factor-mediated blood coagulation by factor VIIa.
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670
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Shibata K, Shimada H, Kondo T. Effects of feeding tryptophan-limiting diets on the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996; 60:1660-6. [PMID: 8987665 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.60.1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of feeding various types of nicotinic acid-free, tryptophan-limiting diets on the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin in rats. Various tryptophan-limiting diets were made by adding zein, gelatin, glycine, threonine, methionine, or glycine + threonine + methionine to a nicotinic acid-free, 9% casein diet. When the rats were fed with the tryptophan-limiting diets, the conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin was markedly decreased. However, the ratio recovered after the addition of tryptophan to the tryptophan-limiting diets. These results clearly prove that the conversion was lowest when the rats were fed with the tryptophan-limiting diets. Therefore, we think that the pellagragenic factor of corn is simply due to a low content of tryptophan, but the adverse effect is due to a low conversion ratio of tryptophan to niacin.
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671
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Makuuchi H, Machimura T, Shimada H, Mizutani K, Chino O, Kise Y, Nishi T, Tanaka H, Mitomi T, Horiuchi M, Sakai M, Gotoh J, Sasaki J, Osamura Y. Endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in 788 patients with head and neck cancers. THE TOKAI JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL MEDICINE 1996; 21:139-145. [PMID: 9239817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer has a poor prognosis because it is difficult to detect in its early stages and, even if an operation is possible, the postoperative quality of life is much impaired. An early diagnosis can lead to a good prognosis and enables treatment by endoscopic mucosal resection (EEMR), contributing to a postoperative good quality of life. As head and neck cancers are known to have a high risk of concomitant esophageal cancer, endoscopic screening with iodine staining was performed on 788 patients with head and neck cancers. Among them, 93 cases of esophageal cancers (11.8%) and 23 cases of gastric cancers (2.9%) were detected. Seventy-two cases (77.4%) of the 93 esophageal cancers were superficial cancers limited to the submucosal layer. Twenty cases, treated by EEMR, had a good postoperative course without local recurrence. We suggest that endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer should be performed on all patients with head and neck cancers, because it allows early detection and a good prognosis, and the treatment can be completed by endoscopic maneuver.
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672
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Saito S, Miyoshi S, Yoshikawa D, Shimada H, Morita T, Kitani Y. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation during electroconvulsive therapy: monitoring by near-infrared spectrophotometry. Anesth Analg 1996; 83:726-30. [PMID: 8831310 DOI: 10.1097/00000539-199610000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) increases neuronal energy consumption and alters systemic hemodynamics. We examined the effects of ECT on regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSo2) using a near-infrared spectro-photometer. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and rSo2 were continuously monitored throughout ECT under general anesthesia in 43 patients. In all subjects, rSo2 changed in a consistent pattern during ECT, initially decreasing (-9.4% +/- 0.9%) just after application of the electrical current and subsequent increasing (8.7% +/- 0.9%) beyond the pre-ECT value. A close correlation was demonstrated between the increase in rSo2 and the mean blood pressure after the electrical shock (r2 = 0.832, P < 0.0001). We conclude that ECT initially may increase cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen more than cerebral blood flow and that rapidly increasing blood pressure transiently may overwhelm cerebral pressure autoregulation.
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673
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Takahashi M, Togou S, Yamaoka H, Ichikawa H, Shimada H, Cheever MA. [Probability of vaccine therapy for pancreas cancer]. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 1996; 23:1676-8. [PMID: 8886043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To explore the possibility of vaccine therapy for pancreatic cancer using ras oncogenic protein related antigen we studied whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte for tumor rejection can be induced by vaccination using the peptide relating mutated ras protein. Splenocytes from mice immunized by peptide (9-15 mer) relating mutated ras protein with normal splenocytes specifically increased in the culture with the peptide. The harvested splenic lymphocytes from the mice had peptide specific lysis against B 6 fibroblast incubated with the peptide. These results suggested that immunization using the peptide relating mutated ras peptide with autologous antigen presenting cell can be a vaccine therapy for pancreatic cancer.
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674
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Yoshikawa M, Shimada H, Yagi N, Murakami N, Shimoda H, Yamahara J, Matsuda H. Development of bioactive functions in Hydrangeae dulcis folium. VI. Syntheses of thunberginols A and F and their 3'-deoxy-derivatives using regiospecific lactonization of stilbene carboxylic acid: structures and inhibitory activity on histamine release of hydramacrophyllols A and B. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1996; 44:1890-8. [PMID: 8904816 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.44.1890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactonization reaction of 2-carboxystilbene mediated by copper(II) chloride proceeded regiospecifically to give the five-membered lactone, while the bromolactonizations using N-bromosuccinimide and anodic oxidation were found to furnish the six-membered lactone. Using these regiospecific lactonization reactions as a key step, antiallergic and antimicrobial isocoumarins and the benzylidenephthalides thunberginols A and F and their 3'-deoxyanalogs were synthesized from phyllodulcin and hydrangenol. Two phthalides called hydramacrophyllols A and B were isolated from Hydrangeae Dulcis Folium and their stereostructures were determined on the basis of physicochemical and chemical evidence, which included the syntheses of hydramacrophyllols A and B from hydrangenol by the application of the lactonization method using copper(II) chloride. In addition, hydramacrophyllols A and B were found to exhibit an inhibitory effect on the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells induced by antigen-antibody reaction.
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675
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Ishikawa T, Ichikawa Y, Mitsuhashi M, Momiyama N, Chishima T, Tanaka K, Yamaoka H, Miyazakic K, Nagashima Y, Akitaya T, Shimada H. Matrilysin is associated with progression of colorectal tumor. Cancer Lett 1996; 107:5-10. [PMID: 8913260 DOI: 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Matrilysin and gelatinase A, B mRNA expressions were examined in colorectal tumors. Matrilysin mRNA was observed exclusively in tumors, while the others were also found in normal mucosa surrounding tumors. Further analysis revealed that colorectal adenomas with severe dysplasia, not with mild dysplasia, expressed matrilysin with lower levels than cancers. The level of matrilysin mRNA expression increased with the advancement of stages of colorectal cancers, consequently a relatively higher expression was observed in liver metastatic tumors than primary tumors. These results suggest that matrilysin mRNA expression was correlated with the progression of colorectal tumors, and this enzyme may also play a role in developing metastatic tumors in liver.
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