101
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Fang P, Boehling NS, Koay EJ, Bucheit AD, Jakob JA, Settle SH, Brown PD, Davies MA, Sulman EP. Melanoma brain metastases harboring BRAF
V600K
or NRAS mutations are associated with an increased local failure rate following conventional therapy. J Neurooncol 2017; 137:67-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s11060-017-2695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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102
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Boonyawan K, Hess KR, Yang J, Long L, Wang Q, Ezhilarasan R, Auia A, Alfaro-Munoz KD, de Groot JF, Bhat KP, Sulman EP. A relative increase in circulating platelets following chemoradiation predicts for poor survival of patients with glioblastoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:90488-90495. [PMID: 29163847 PMCID: PMC5685768 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Thrombocytosis is triggered by and promotes tumor growth. The relationship between the change in circulating platelets after chemoradiation therapy (CRT) or adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) and survival in glioblastoma remains unclear. We hypothesized that an increase in platelets after these treatments would be predictive of a shorter survival. Methods We retrospectively reviewed data on 122 patients with newly diagnosed, pathologically proven glioblastoma who had been treated with surgery, followed by CRT and adjuvant TMZ, from 2007 to 2016. The association between the changes in blood count levels and survival was analyzed by the log-rank test. To adjust for confounding, we performed a multivariate analysis using known prognostic co-variates. Results Patients were dichotomized on the basis of the relative change in platelets after CRT from the baseline: ≤30% increase, low (n = 101) vs >30% increase, high (n = 12). The median survival for high vs. low platelets were 11 vs 28 months (p = 0.0062). No significant survival differences were observed on the basis of platelet changes during adjuvant TMZ. Similarly, changes in lymphocyte counts were not significantly prognostic. On multivariate analysis, MGMT, performance status, and an increase in platelets after CRT were significantly associated with survival (HR for platelets, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-12.6). Conclusions Increased platelet counts after CRT are predictive of poor survival in glioblastoma. The effect is platelet specific and does not reflect bone marrow changes, as lymphocyte changes were not significantly prognostic. These results suggest an interaction between platelets and tumor aggressiveness. Thus, platelets serve as a novel, minimally invasive liquid biopsy for predicting outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeratikarn Boonyawan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth R Hess
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Lihong Long
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qianghu Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Alessandra Auia
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology and Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kristin D Alfaro-Munoz
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John F de Groot
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology and Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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103
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Zinn PO, Luedi MM, Singh SK, Mosley J, Hassan I, Hatami M, Gumin J, Andereggen L, Sulman EP, Lang FF, Stueber F, Fuller GN, Colen RR. 222 Dexamethasone Induces Mesenchymal Trans-differentiation and Promotes Hallmarks of Cancer in Glioblastoma. Neurosurgery 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuros/nyx417.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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104
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Guerrero PA, Tchaicha JH, Chen Z, Morales JE, McCarty N, Wang Q, Sulman EP, Fuller G, Lang FF, Rao G, McCarty JH. Glioblastoma stem cells exploit the αvβ8 integrin-TGFβ1 signaling axis to drive tumor initiation and progression. Oncogene 2017; 36:6568-6580. [PMID: 28783169 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a primary brain cancer that contains populations of stem-like cancer cells (GSCs) that home to specialized perivascular niches. GSC interactions with their niche influence self-renewal, differentiation and drug resistance, although the pathways underlying these events remain largely unknown. Here, we report that the integrin αvβ8 and its latent transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) protein ligand have central roles in promoting niche co-option and GBM initiation. αvβ8 integrin is highly expressed in GSCs and is essential for self-renewal and lineage commitment in vitro. Fractionation of β8high cells from freshly resected human GBM samples also reveals a requirement for this integrin in tumorigenesis in vivo. Whole-transcriptome sequencing reveals that αvβ8 integrin regulates tumor development, in part, by driving TGFβ1-induced DNA replication and mitotic checkpoint progression. Collectively, these data identify the αvβ8 integrin-TGFβ1 signaling axis as crucial for exploitation of the perivascular niche and identify potential therapeutic targets for inhibiting tumor growth and progression in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Guerrero
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J H Tchaicha
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Z Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J E Morales
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - N McCarty
- The Brown Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Genomic Medicine, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Genomic Medicine, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Fuller
- Departments of Pathology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - G Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - J H McCarty
- Department of Neurosurgery, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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105
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Wang Q, Hu B, Hu X, Kim H, Squatrito M, Scarpace L, deCarvalho AC, Lyu S, Li P, Li Y, Barthel F, Cho HJ, Lin YH, Satani N, Martinez-Ledesma E, Zheng S, Chang E, Sauvé CEG, Olar A, Lan ZD, Finocchiaro G, Phillips JJ, Berger MS, Gabrusiewicz KR, Wang G, Eskilsson E, Hu J, Mikkelsen T, DePinho RA, Muller F, Heimberger AB, Sulman EP, Nam DH, Verhaak RGW. Tumor Evolution of Glioma-Intrinsic Gene Expression Subtypes Associates with Immunological Changes in the Microenvironment. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:42-56.e6. [PMID: 28697342 PMCID: PMC5599156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1031] [Impact Index Per Article: 147.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We leveraged IDH wild-type glioblastomas, derivative neurospheres, and single-cell gene expression profiles to define three tumor-intrinsic transcriptional subtypes designated as proneural, mesenchymal, and classical. Transcriptomic subtype multiplicity correlated with increased intratumoral heterogeneity and presence of tumor microenvironment. In silico cell sorting identified macrophages/microglia, CD4+ T lymphocytes, and neutrophils in the glioma microenvironment. NF1 deficiency resulted in increased tumor-associated macrophages/microglia infiltration. Longitudinal transcriptome analysis showed that expression subtype is retained in 55% of cases. Gene signature-based tumor microenvironment inference revealed a decrease in invading monocytes and a subtype-dependent increase in macrophages/microglia cells upon disease recurrence. Hypermutation at diagnosis or at recurrence associated with CD8+ T cell enrichment. Frequency of M2 macrophages detection associated with short-term relapse after radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghu Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; University of Texas-Houston Graduate School in Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Massimo Squatrito
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisa Scarpace
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ana C deCarvalho
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Sali Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Pengping Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Floris Barthel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hee Jin Cho
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yu-Hsi Lin
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nikunj Satani
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emmanuel Martinez-Ledesma
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edward Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Adriana Olar
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurosurgery Medical University of South Carolina, and Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Zheng D Lan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Konrad R Gabrusiewicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guocan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eskil Eskilsson
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Florian Muller
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Do-Hyun Nam
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea; Department of Neurosurgery Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - Roel G W Verhaak
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
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106
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Wang Q, Hu B, Hu X, Kim H, Squatrito M, Scarpace L, deCarvalho AC, Lyu S, Li P, Li Y, Barthel F, Cho HJ, Lin YH, Satani N, Martinez-Ledesma E, Zheng S, Chang E, Sauvé CEG, Olar A, Lan ZD, Finocchiaro G, Phillips JJ, Berger MS, Gabrusiewicz KR, Wang G, Eskilsson E, Hu J, Mikkelsen T, DePinho RA, Muller F, Heimberger AB, Sulman EP, Nam DH, Verhaak RGW. Tumor Evolution of Glioma-Intrinsic Gene Expression Subtypes Associates with Immunological Changes in the Microenvironment. Cancer Cell 2017. [PMID: 28697342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.06.003.erratum.in:cancercell.2018;33(1):152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We leveraged IDH wild-type glioblastomas, derivative neurospheres, and single-cell gene expression profiles to define three tumor-intrinsic transcriptional subtypes designated as proneural, mesenchymal, and classical. Transcriptomic subtype multiplicity correlated with increased intratumoral heterogeneity and presence of tumor microenvironment. In silico cell sorting identified macrophages/microglia, CD4+ T lymphocytes, and neutrophils in the glioma microenvironment. NF1 deficiency resulted in increased tumor-associated macrophages/microglia infiltration. Longitudinal transcriptome analysis showed that expression subtype is retained in 55% of cases. Gene signature-based tumor microenvironment inference revealed a decrease in invading monocytes and a subtype-dependent increase in macrophages/microglia cells upon disease recurrence. Hypermutation at diagnosis or at recurrence associated with CD8+ T cell enrichment. Frequency of M2 macrophages detection associated with short-term relapse after radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghu Wang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Baoli Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; University of Texas-Houston Graduate School in Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hoon Kim
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Massimo Squatrito
- Cancer Cell Biology Programme, Seve Ballesteros Foundation Brain Tumor Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, CNIO, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lisa Scarpace
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Ana C deCarvalho
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Sali Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Pengping Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Floris Barthel
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Hee Jin Cho
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yu-Hsi Lin
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nikunj Satani
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emmanuel Martinez-Ledesma
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Edward Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Adriana Olar
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Neurosurgery Medical University of South Carolina, and Hollings Cancer Center, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Zheng D Lan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Konrad R Gabrusiewicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guocan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eskil Eskilsson
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tom Mikkelsen
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Florian Muller
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Do-Hyun Nam
- Institute for Refractory Cancer Research, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Korea; Department of Neurosurgery Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
| | - Roel G W Verhaak
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA.
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107
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Canella A, Welker AM, Yoo JY, Xu J, Abas FS, Kesanakurti D, Nagarajan P, Beattie CE, Sulman EP, Liu J, Gumin J, Lang FF, Gurcan MN, Kaur B, Sampath D, Puduvalli VK. Efficacy of Onalespib, a Long-Acting Second-Generation HSP90 Inhibitor, as a Single Agent and in Combination with Temozolomide against Malignant Gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:6215-6226. [PMID: 28679777 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: HSP90, a highly conserved molecular chaperone that regulates the function of several oncogenic client proteins, is altered in glioblastoma. However, HSP90 inhibitors currently in clinical trials are short-acting, have unacceptable toxicities, or are unable to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We examined the efficacy of onalespib, a potent, long-acting novel HSP90 inhibitor as a single agent and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) against gliomas in vitro and in vivoExperimental Design: The effect of onalespib on HSP90, its client proteins, and on the biology of glioma cell lines and patient-derived glioma-initiating cells (GSC) was determined. Brain and plasma pharmacokinetics of onalespib and its ability to inhibit HSP90 in vivo were assessed in non-tumor-bearing mice. Its efficacy as a single agent or in combination with TMZ was assessed in vitro and in vivo using zebrafish and patient-derived GSC xenograft mouse glioma models.Results: Onalespib-mediated HSP90 inhibition depleted several survival-promoting client proteins such as EGFR, EGFRvIII, and AKT, disrupted their downstream signaling, and decreased the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and survival of glioma cell lines and GSCs. Onalespib effectively crossed the BBB to inhibit HSP90 in vivo and extended survival as a single agent in zebrafish xenografts and in combination with TMZ in both zebrafish and GSC mouse xenografts.Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the long-acting effects of onalespib against gliomas in vitro and in vivo, which combined with its ability to cross the BBB support its development as a potential therapeutic agent in combination with TMZ against gliomas. Clin Cancer Res; 23(20); 6215-26. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Canella
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alessandra M Welker
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jihong Xu
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fazly S Abas
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Divya Kesanakurti
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Prabakaran Nagarajan
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christine E Beattie
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Departments of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Joseph Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Metin N Gurcan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Balveen Kaur
- Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Deepa Sampath
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Vinay K Puduvalli
- Division of Neuro-oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio. .,Department of Neurosurgery and the Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-Oncology and Neurosciences, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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108
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Reardon DA, Lassman AB, van den Bent M, Kumthekar P, Merrell R, Scott AM, Fichtel L, Sulman EP, Gomez E, Fischer J, Lee HJ, Munasinghe W, Xiong H, Mandich H, Roberts-Rapp L, Ansell P, Holen KD, Gan HK. Efficacy and safety results of ABT-414 in combination with radiation and temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2017; 19:965-975. [PMID: 28039367 PMCID: PMC5570193 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), recommended phase II dose (RPTD), safety, and pharmacokinetics of ABT-414 plus radiation and temozolomide in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. ABT-414 is a first-in-class, tumor-specific antibody-drug conjugate that preferentially targets tumors expressing overactive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). METHODS In this multicenter phase I study, patients received 0.5-3.2 mg/kg ABT-414 every 2 weeks by intravenous infusion. EGFR alterations, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter hypermethylation, and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1) gene mutations were assessed in patient tumors. Distinct prognostic classes were assigned to patients based on a Molecular Classification Predictor model. RESULTS As of January 7, 2016, forty-five patients were enrolled to receive ABT-414 plus radiation and temozolomide. The most common treatment emergent adverse events were ocular: blurred vision, dry eye, keratitis, photophobia, and eye pain. Ocular toxicity at any grade occurred in 40 patients and at grades 3/4 in 12 patients. RPTD and MTD were set at 2 mg/kg and 2.4 mg/kg, respectively. Among 38 patients with pretreatment tumor tested centrally, 39% harbored EGFR amplification, of which 73% had EGFRvIII mutation. Among patients with available tumor tissue (n = 30), 30% showed MGMT promoter methylation and none had IDH1 mutations. ABT-414 demonstrated an approximately dose proportional pharmacokinetic profile. The median duration of progression-free survival was 6.1 months; median overall survival has not been reached. CONCLUSION ABT-414 plus chemoradiation demonstrated an acceptable safety and pharmacokinetic profile in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Randomized studies are ongoing to determine efficacy in newly diagnosed (NCT02573324) and recurrent glioblastoma (NCT02343406).
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Reardon
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew B Lassman
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martin van den Bent
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ryan Merrell
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa Fichtel
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Erica Gomez
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - JuDee Fischer
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ho-Jin Lee
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wijith Munasinghe
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hao Xiong
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Mandich
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lisa Roberts-Rapp
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Ansell
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kyle D Holen
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hui K Gan
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology & Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Neuro-Oncology Unit, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Neurology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois; Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics (START), San Antonio, Texas; Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hossain MB, Shifat R, Li J, Rivera-Mokina Y, Martinez FP, Johnson DG, Bedford MT, Hung MC, Sulman EP, Lang F, Sawaya R, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C. Abstract 5854: TIE2-mediated epigenetic marks regulate therapeutic resistance of glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBs), the most common subtype of primary brain tumors in adults, are resistant to current strategies of surgery, irradiation and chemotherapy with a median survival that ranges from 9 to 15 months. GBs invariably recur after therapy due to the presence of cells exhibiting a multidrug-resistance phenotype in the core of the tumor. There is an urgent need of developing the new therapeutic strategies for brain tumor treatment including the identification of novel molecular pathways regulating this resistant phenotype. One of the key phenomena of GB is that tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) are abnormally regulated and related to poor treatment outcomes. We have previously reported the expression of TIE2 in human surgical glioma specimens in relation to malignancy, and the role of TIE2 in endothelial-glioma adhesion, tumor invasion and multi-drug resistance of gliomas. Recently, we have identified that the unexpected membrane-to-nuclear trafficking of TIE2 is related to radioresistance of brain tumor stem cells. Interestingly, TIE2 binds, upon IR stress, to DNA/protein complexes and directly phosphorylates core histones. Specifically we discovered a new histone H4 mark (H4pY51) that is read by ABL1. TIE2/H4pY54/ABL1 complex binds to DNA repair proteins, such as ATM, DNA-PK, and pChk2, activating a NHEJ DNA repair mechanism. In an effort to find the molecular mechanisms underlying TIE2 nuclear translocation, we identified that TIE2 binds and directly phosphorylates caveolin-1 (CAV1) at Tyr14 residue in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, CAV1-pTyr14 is necessary for the translocation of both TIE2 and CAV1 to the nucleus. We also uncovered new TIE2-mediated epigenetic marks. Thus, TIE2 binds and phosphorylates histone H2B at Tyr37 and this modification enhances the recruitment of DNA repair proteins to the DNA damage site. Our results summarize that upon IR stress TIE2 localizes to the nucleus where it is involved in key cellular functions by directly phosphorylating core histones, and recruiting SH2 domain proteins to the DNA damage sites, that are complexing to the DNA repair machinery. Our discovery related to tyrosine modification of core histones might be of high significance to understand the resistance of cancer to DNA-damage inducers, which eventually might result in the design of TIE2-targeting combinational therapies for patients with GBs.
Citation Format: Mohammad Belayat Hossain, Rehnuma Shifat, Jingyi Li, Yisel Rivera-Mokina, Francisco Puerta Martinez, David G. Johnson, Mark T. Bedford, Mien-Chie Hung, Erik P. Sulman, Frederick Lang, Raymond Sawaya, Juan Fueyo, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano. TIE2-mediated epigenetic marks regulate therapeutic resistance of glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5854. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5854
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jingyi Li
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Fueyo
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Latha K, Yan J, Yang Y, Gressot LV, Kong L, Manyam G, Ezhilarasan R, Wang Q, Sulman EP, Xu J, Davis RE, Huang S, Fuller GN, Rao A, Heimberger AB, Li S, Rao G. Abstract 5606: Fibrinogen-like protein 2 drives malignant tumor progression in glioma. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of brain tumor in both children and adults. Several low-grade gliomas (LGG) have the ability to progress into more aggressive tumors -high-grade gliomas (HGG) including glioblastoma (GB). Although patients harboring a LGG may survive for years, after the tumor transforms to HGG, life expectancy rapidly declines to 12 to 15 months in adults and 40 months in children. Thus, inhibiting this process of malignant transformation (MT) is an attractive therapeutic strategy because of the more indolent course associated with LGGs. Immune response plays a critical role in surveillance against malignant transformation. Our previous study shows that fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) is a key hub of tumor-mediated immune suppression. Hence, we investigated the role of FGL2 in promoting tumor progression from LGG to HGG in glioma. Analysis of TCGA expression data showed that increased FGL2 expression is associated with poorer survival in LGG and GB patients. And there is a positive correlation of expression level between FGL2 and mesenchymal glioma marker CD44, and a negative correlation between FGL2 and proneural glioma marker OLIG2. Engineered expression of FGL2 in a PDGFB-dependent mouse model of oligodendroglioma, a common glioma subtype, yielded a significantly higher rate of HGGs (72% vs 29%, p=0.034) and poorer-symptom free survival (63 vs 90 days, p=0.003) than PDGFB expression alone. And HGGs from FGL2 + PDGFB expressing mice exhibited a distinct mesenchymal phenotype validating TCGA data. Further, FGL2 induced high numbers of CD4+FoxP3+ cells from an early time point of tumor formation underscoring its role in tumor progression. And FGL2 overexpression educated M2 skew in the tumors characterized by high expression of Iba1 and Arginase1 in macrophages. Finally, treatment with anti-FGL2 antibody significantly improves survival in mice, shifts the phenotype from mesenchymal HGG to proneural LGG, and rescues M2 macrophage skewing. Our results show that FGL2 is critical for malignant progression of glioma by inducing immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment, and raise the potential of FGL2 to be a promising target to suppress/reverse glioma progression and provide survival benefit in clinical.
Citation Format: Khatri Latha, Jun Yan, Yuhui Yang, Loyola V. Gressot, Lingyuan Kong, Ganiraju Manyam, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Qianghu Wang, Erik P. Sulman, Jingda Xu, Richard E. Davis, Suyun Huang, Gregory N. Fuller, Arvind Rao, Amy B. Heimberger, Shulin Li, Ganesh Rao. Fibrinogen-like protein 2 drives malignant tumor progression in glioma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5606. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5606
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Yan
- 1MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jingda Xu
- 1MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shulin Li
- 1MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Ballester LY, Fuller GN, Powell SZ, Sulman EP, Patel KP, Luthra R, Routbort MJ. Retrospective Analysis of Molecular and Immunohistochemical Characterization of 381 Primary Brain Tumors. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 76:179-188. [PMID: 28395087 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The classification of brain tumors has traditionally depended on microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections. The increased understanding of clinically relevant genetic alterations has led to the incorporation of molecular signatures as part of the diagnosis of brain malignancies. Advances in sequencing technologies have facilitated the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays in clinical laboratories. We performed a retrospective analysis of sequencing results for 381 brain tumors tested by NGS at our institution using a validated, commercially available panel. The results of the NGS assay were analyzed in conjunction with the results of immunohistochemical stains. A genetic alteration was detected in approximately two thirds of the cases. The most commonly mutated genes were TP53 (37.2%), IDH1 (29.4%), PIK3CA (8%), PTEN (8%), and EGFR (7.5%). BRAF mutations were detected in ∼3% of the cases, including 50% of gangliogliomas and ∼20% of gliosarcomas. No mutations were detected in 6 medulloblastomas. PIK3CA and CTNNB1 mutations were detected in 1 rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor and 1 adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, respectively. Approximately 23% of cases showed amplification of 1 or more of the genes included in the NGS panel. This analysis demonstrates the utility of NGS for detecting genetic alterations in brain tumors in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leomar Y Ballester
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Pathology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas , USA
| | - Gregory N Fuller
- Department of Pathology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas , USA
| | - Suzanne Z Powell
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keyur P Patel
- Department of Hematopathology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rajyalakshmi Luthra
- Department of Hematopathology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark J Routbort
- Department of Hematopathology, UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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Boonyawan K, Yang J, Long L, Wang Q, Ezhilarasan R, Alessandra A, Hess KR, Alfaro K, De Groot JF, Bhat K, Sulman EP. Relative thrombocytosis following chemoradiation of patients with glioblastoma to predict survival. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e13527 Background: Thrombocytosis is associated with poor survival in several malignancies and is both triggered by and promoting of tumor growth. We hypothesized that an increase in circulating platelets following standard temozolamide (TMZ) CRT and/or adjuvant TMZ would predict for decreased survival in patients with glioblastoma (GBM). Methods: We reviewed data of 122 patients with newly diagnosed, pathological-proven GBM from 2007 to 2016 with documented complete blood counts before the start of CRT, after CRT, before adjuvant TMZ, and after a minimum 2 cycles of adjuvant TMZ. The association between changes in blood count levels and patient survival was analyzed by log-rank test. Multivariate analysis was performed using known prognostic co-variates, including MGMT methylation, patient age, and performance status (PS). Results: The mean change in platelets before and after CRT was -46 k/µl (range -387 to 179 k/µl) and before and after adjuvant TMZ was -25 k/µl (range -408 to 143 k/µl). As a reference, the mean change in lymphocytes was -5.7 k/µl (range -0.7 to 1.3 k/µl) and -0.0 k/µl (range -1.6 to 0.9 k/µl) for CRT and adjuvant TMZ, respectively. Patients were dichotomized based on the relative change in platelets and lymphocytes from baseline (≤30% increase, “low”, n = 101 vs > 30% increase, “high”, n = 12). The median survival of low patients vs. high patients was 30 vs 13 months (p = 0.006). Potential confounders, such as infection or thrombosis, were not associated with the high group. However, no significant survival difference was observed between groups based on platelet changes during adjuvant TMZ. Similarly, changes in lymphocyte counts were not significantly prognostic. In multivariate analysis, extent of resection, MGMT status, PS and the increase in platelets after CRT were significantly associated with survival (HR for platelets 4.0, 95% CI 1.6-10.1). Conclusions: Increased platelet counts after CRT predict for poor survival in patients with GBM. The effect is platelet specific and does not reflect general bone marrow changes, as lymphocyte changes were not significantly prognostic. These results suggest a potential interaction between platelets and tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Yang
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Lihong Long
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Kenneth R. Hess
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kristin Alfaro
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Krishna Bhat
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Erik P. Sulman
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Lee WC, Gomez DR, Zhang J, Jalali A, Roh W, Reuben A, Lu W, Chow CW, Wu CC, Fujimoto J, Antonoff M, Moran C, Sulman EP, Rao G, Swisher S, Heymach J, Wistuba II, Futreal A, Zhang J. Comprehensive molecular and immune profiling of non-small cell lung cancer and matched distant metastases to suggest distinct molecular mechanisms underlying metastasis. J Clin Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.8541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
8541 Background: Despite complete resection, many non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients still develop and succumb to distant metastases. Previous studies suggested distant metastasis may be due to genomic evolution and/or suppressed immune surveillance. However, the relationship between specific genomic alterations and immune surveillance has not been systemically studied. Methods: We performed whole exome sequencing, RNA-Seq, methylation microarray, immunohistochemistry using multiple immune markers, and T cell receptor sequencing on 7 pairs of NSCLC primary tumors and matched metastases including 6 metachronous brain and 1 synchronous liver metastases. Results: On average, 84% of all somatic mutations (54% to 97%) and all 28 canonical cancer gene mutations were shared between primary tumors and paired distant metastases. Metastases also resembled paired primary tumors closely in regard to somatic copy number aberration profiles, methylation profiles. Subclonal analysis showed almost identical clonal architectures in 4 of 7 pairs of primary tumor and metastasis comparable to the similarity observed between different regions within the same tumors. The other 3 pairs, however, displayed clear evidence of clonal evolution. We validated these findings in a published dataset consisting of 38 pairs of primary NSCLC tumors and matched distant metastases. The RNA-Seq data showed that 25 of the top 35 significantly down-regulated signaling pathways in metastases relative to primary tumors were related to immune activation, which was validated in an independent cohort of 41 primary NSCLC tumors and distant metastases using NanoString’s PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. Conclusions: Our data suggest that molecular mechanisms underlying postsurgical distant metastasis may be variable among NSCLC patients. While genomic evolution may play a role in development of metastasis in some patients, distant metastasis may be early event during carcinogenesis without further genomic evolution in a substantial proportion of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, immune suppression may be a characteristic of cancer cells of metastatic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Chul Lee
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Jianhua Zhang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ali Jalali
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Whijae Roh
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Wei Lu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chi-Wan Chow
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Chia Chin Wu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Junya Fujimoto
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mara Antonoff
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Cesar Moran
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Erik P. Sulman
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ganesh Rao
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Stephen Swisher
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - John Heymach
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Andrew Futreal
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Zhang S, Zhao BS, Zhou A, Lin K, Zheng S, Lu Z, Chen Y, Sulman EP, Xie K, Bögler O, Majumder S, He C, Huang S. m 6A Demethylase ALKBH5 Maintains Tumorigenicity of Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells by Sustaining FOXM1 Expression and Cell Proliferation Program. Cancer Cell 2017; 31:591-606.e6. [PMID: 28344040 PMCID: PMC5427719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 986] [Impact Index Per Article: 140.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic and reversible N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification installed and erased by N6-methyltransferases and demethylases regulates gene expression and cell fate. We show that the m6A demethylase ALKBH5 is highly expressed in glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). Silencing ALKBH5 suppresses the proliferation of patient-derived GSCs. Integrated transcriptome and m6A-seq analyses revealed altered expression of certain ALKBH5 target genes, including the transcription factor FOXM1. ALKBH5 demethylates FOXM1 nascent transcripts, leading to enhanced FOXM1 expression. Furthermore, a long non-coding RNA antisense to FOXM1 (FOXM1-AS) promotes the interaction of ALKBH5 with FOXM1 nascent transcripts. Depleting ALKBH5 and FOXM1-AS disrupted GSC tumorigenesis through the FOXM1 axis. Our work uncovers a critical function for ALKBH5 and provides insight into critical roles of m6A methylation in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boxuan Simen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aidong Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kangyu Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shaoping Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhike Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yaohui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keping Xie
- Program in Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Oliver Bögler
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sadhan Majumder
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Suyun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Hu B, Wang Q, Wang YA, Hua S, Sauvé CEG, Ong D, Lan ZD, Chang Q, Ho YW, Monasterio MM, Lu X, Zhong Y, Zhang J, Deng P, Tan Z, Wang G, Liao WT, Corley LJ, Yan H, Zhang J, You Y, Liu N, Cai L, Finocchiaro G, Phillips JJ, Berger MS, Spring DJ, Hu J, Sulman EP, Fuller GN, Chin L, Verhaak RGW, DePinho RA. Epigenetic Activation of WNT5A Drives Glioblastoma Stem Cell Differentiation and Invasive Growth. Cell 2017; 167:1281-1295.e18. [PMID: 27863244 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) are implicated in tumor neovascularization, invasiveness, and therapeutic resistance. To illuminate mechanisms governing these hallmark features, we developed a de novo glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) model derived from immortalized human neural stem/progenitor cells (hNSCs) to enable precise system-level comparisons of pre-malignant and oncogene-induced malignant states of NSCs. Integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses uncovered a PAX6/DLX5 transcriptional program driving WNT5A-mediated GSC differentiation into endothelial-like cells (GdECs). GdECs recruit existing endothelial cells to promote peritumoral satellite lesions, which serve as a niche supporting the growth of invasive glioma cells away from the primary tumor. Clinical data reveal higher WNT5A and GdECs expression in peritumoral and recurrent GBMs relative to matched intratumoral and primary GBMs, respectively, supporting WNT5A-mediated GSC differentiation and invasive growth in disease recurrence. Thus, the PAX6/DLX5-WNT5A axis governs the diffuse spread of glioma cells throughout the brain parenchyma, contributing to the lethality of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qianghu Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Y Alan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Sujun Hua
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Derrick Ong
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zheng D Lan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qing Chang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yan Wing Ho
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marta Moreno Monasterio
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Institute for Applied Cancer Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pingna Deng
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhi Tan
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Guocan Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Wen-Ting Liao
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lynda J Corley
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haiyan Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Junxia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yongping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Linbo Cai
- Department of Oncology, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou 510510, China
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico C. Besta, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Joanna J Phillips
- Departments of Neurological Surgery and Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mitchel S Berger
- Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Denise J Spring
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gregory N Fuller
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lynda Chin
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Roeland G W Verhaak
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ronald A DePinho
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Thomas JG, Parker Kerrigan BC, Hossain A, Gumin J, Shinojima N, Nwajei F, Ezhilarasan R, Love P, Sulman EP, Lang FF. Ionizing radiation augments glioma tropism of mesenchymal stem cells. J Neurosurg 2017; 128:287-295. [PMID: 28362237 DOI: 10.3171/2016.9.jns16278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to localize to gliomas after intravascular delivery. Because these cells home to areas of tissue injury, the authors hypothesized that the administration of ionizing radiation (IR) to tumor would enhance the tropism of MSCs to gliomas. Additionally, they sought to identify which radiation-induced factors might attract MSCs. METHODS To assess the effect of IR on MSC migration in vitro, transwell assays using conditioned medium (CM) from an irradiated commercially available glioma cell line (U87) and from irradiated patient-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs; GSC7-2 and GSC11) were employed. For in vivo testing, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled MSCs were injected into the carotid artery of nude mice harboring orthotopic U87, GSC7-2, or GSC17 xenografts that were treated with either 0 or 10 Gy of IR, and brain sections were quantitatively analyzed by immunofluorescence for GFP-positive cells. These GSCs were used because GSC7-2 is a weak attractor of MSCs at baseline, whereas GSC17 is a strong attractor. To determine the factors implicated in IR-induced tropism, CM from irradiated GSC7-2 and from GSC11 was assayed with a cytokine array and quantitative ELISA. RESULTS Transwell migration assays revealed statistically significant enhanced MSC migration to CM from irradiated U87, GSC7-2, and GSC11 compared with nonirradiated controls and in a dose-dependent manner. After their intravascular delivery into nude mice harboring orthotopic gliomas, MSCs engrafted more successfully in irradiated U87 (p = 0.036), compared with nonirradiated controls. IR also significantly increased the tropism of MSCs to GSC7-2 xenografts (p = 0.043), which are known to attract MSCs only poorly at baseline (weak-attractor GSCs). Ionizing radiation also increased the engraftment of MSCs in strong-attractor GSC17 xenografts, but these increases did not reach statistical significance. The chemokine CCL2 was released by GSC7-2 and GSC11 after irradiation in a dose-dependent manner and mediated in vitro transwell migration of MSCs. Immunohistochemistry revealed increased CCL2 in irradiated GSC7-2 gliomas near the site of MSC engraftment. CONCLUSIONS Administering IR to gliomas enhances MSC localization, particularly in GSCs that attract MSCs poorly at baseline. The chemokine CCL2 appears to play a crucial role in the IR-induced tropism of MSCs to gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Thomas
- Departments of1Neurosurgery and.,3Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine; and
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrice Love
- 2Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Erik P Sulman
- 2Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
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Olar A, Wani KM, Wilson CD, Zadeh G, DeMonte F, Jones DTW, Pfister SM, Sulman EP, Aldape KD. Global epigenetic profiling identifies methylation subgroups associated with recurrence-free survival in meningioma. Acta Neuropathol 2017; 133:431-444. [PMID: 28130639 PMCID: PMC5600514 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-017-1678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor and carries a substantial risk of local recurrence. Methylation profiles of meningioma and their clinical implications are not well understood. We hypothesized that aggressive meningiomas have unique DNA methylation patterns that could be used to better stratify patient management. Samples (n = 140) were profiled using the Illumina HumanMethylation450BeadChip. Unsupervised modeling on a training set (n = 89) identified 2 molecular methylation subgroups of meningioma (MM) with significantly different recurrence-free survival (RFS) times between the groups: a prognostically unfavorable subgroup (MM-UNFAV) and a prognostically favorable subgroup (MM-FAV). This finding was validated in the remaining 51 samples and led to a baseline meningioma methylation classifier (bMMC) defined by 283 CpG loci (283-bMMC). To further optimize a recurrence predictor, probes subsumed within the baseline classifier were subject to additional modeling using a similar training/validation approach, leading to a 64-CpG loci meningioma methylation predictor (64-MMP). After adjustment for relevant clinical variables [WHO grade, mitotic index, Simpson grade, sex, location, and copy number aberrations (CNAs)] multivariable analyses for RFS showed that the baseline methylation classifier was not significant (p = 0.0793). The methylation predictor, however, was significantly associated with tumor recurrence (p < 0.0001). CNAs were extracted from the 450k intensity profiles. Tumor samples in the MM-UNFAV subgroup showed an overall higher proportion of CNAs compared to the MM-FAV subgroup tumors and the CNAs were complex in nature. CNAs in the MM-UNFAV subgroup included recurrent losses of 1p, 6q, 14q and 18q, and gain of 1q, all of which were previously identified as indicators of poor outcome. In conclusion, our analyses demonstrate robust DNA methylation signatures in meningioma that correlate with CNAs and stratify patients by recurrence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Olar
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina and Hollings Cancer Center, 171 Ashley Ave., MSC 908, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
| | - Khalida M Wani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 W Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charmaine D Wilson
- Center for Nursing Research, The University of Texas School of Nursing, 6901 Bertner St., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, College Street 101, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
| | - Franco DeMonte
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David T W Jones
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Network (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Network (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 2130 W Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Departments of Radiation Oncology and Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kenneth D Aldape
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, College Street 101, Toronto, M5G 1L7, ON, Canada
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Sulman EP, Ismaila N, Chang SM. Radiation Therapy for Glioblastoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology Guideline. J Oncol Pract 2017; 13:123-127. [DOI: 10.1200/jop.2016.018937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erik P. Sulman
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Nofisat Ismaila
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | - Susan M. Chang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; University of California, San Francisco, CA
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Sulman EP, Ismaila N, Armstrong TS, Tsien C, Batchelor TT, Cloughesy T, Galanis E, Gilbert M, Gondi V, Lovely M, Mehta M, Mumber MP, Sloan A, Chang SM. Radiation Therapy for Glioblastoma: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline Endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology Guideline. J Clin Oncol 2016; 35:361-369. [PMID: 27893327 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.70.7562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) produced an evidence-based guideline on radiation therapy for glioblastoma. Because of its relevance to the ASCO membership, ASCO reviewed the guideline and applied a set of procedures and policies used to critically examine guidelines developed by other organizations. Methods The ASTRO guideline on radiation therapy for glioblastoma was reviewed for developmental rigor by methodologists. An ASCO endorsement panel updated the literature search and reviewed the content and recommendations. Results The ASCO endorsement panel determined that the recommendations from the ASTRO guideline, published in 2016, are clear, thorough, and based on current scientific evidence. ASCO endorsed the ASTRO guideline on radiation therapy for glioblastoma and added qualifying statements. Recommendations Partial-brain fractionated radiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide is the standard of care after biopsy or resection of newly diagnosed glioblastoma in patients up to 70 years of age. Hypofractionated radiotherapy for elderly patients with fair to good performance status is appropriate. The addition of concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide to hypofractionated radiotherapy seems to be safe and efficacious without impairing quality of life for elderly patients with good performance status. Reasonable options for patients with poor performance status include hypofractionated radiotherapy alone, temozolomide alone, or best supportive care. Focal reirradiation represents an option for select patients with recurrent glioblastoma, although this is not supported by prospective randomized evidence. Additional information is available at www.asco.org/glioblastoma-radiotherapy-endorsement and www.asco.org/guidelineswiki .
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P Sulman
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Nofisat Ismaila
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Terri S Armstrong
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christina Tsien
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Tracy T Batchelor
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Tim Cloughesy
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Evanthia Galanis
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Mark Gilbert
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Vinai Gondi
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Mary Lovely
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Minesh Mehta
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Matthew P Mumber
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Andrew Sloan
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
| | - Susan M Chang
- Erik P. Sulman and Terri S. Armstrong, MD Anderson Cancer Center; Terri S. Armstrong, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX; Nofisat Ismaila, American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA; Christina Tsien, Washington University Physicians, St Louis, MO; Tracy T. Batchelor, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Tim Cloughesy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles; Mary Lovely and Susan M. Chang, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Evanthia Galanis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Mark Gilbert, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda; Minesh Mehta, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Vinai Gondi, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrenville, IL; Matthew P. Mumber, Harbin Clinic Radiation Oncology, Rome, GA; and Andrew Sloan, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
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120
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Huang T, Alvarez AA, Pangeni RP, Horbinski CM, Lu S, Kim SH, James CD, J Raizer J, A Kessler J, Brenann CW, Sulman EP, Finocchiaro G, Tan M, Nishikawa R, Lu X, Nakano I, Hu B, Cheng SY. A regulatory circuit of miR-125b/miR-20b and Wnt signalling controls glioblastoma phenotypes through FZD6-modulated pathways. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12885. [PMID: 27698350 PMCID: PMC5059456 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly defined subclassification is associated with phenotypic malignancy of glioblastoma (GBM). However, current understanding of the molecular basis of subclass conversion that is often involved in GBM recurrence remain rudimentary at best. Here we report that canonical Wnt signalling that is active in proneural (PN) but inactive in mesenchymal (MES) GBM, along with miR-125b and miR-20b that are expressed at high levels in PN compared with MES GBM, comprise a regulatory circuit involving TCF4-miR-125b/miR-20b-FZD6. FZD6 acts as a negative regulator of this circuit by activating CaMKII–TAK1–NLK signalling, which, in turn, attenuates Wnt pathway activity while promoting STAT3 and NF-κB signalling that are important regulators of the MES-associated phenotype. These findings are confirmed by targeting differentially enriched pathways in PN versus MES GBM that results in inhibition of distinct GBM subtypes. Correlative expressions of the components of this circuit are prognostic relevant for clinical GBM. Our findings provide insights for understanding GBM pathogenesis and for improving treatment of GBM. Glioblastoma (GBM) is classified as proneural (PN), neural, mesenchymal (MES) and classical GBM. Here the authors show that Wnt signalling, miR-125b and miR-20b establish a regulatory circuitry including FZD6 which distinguishes PN from the MES subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Angel A Alvarez
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Rajendra P Pangeni
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Craig M Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Songjian Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, USA
| | - Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - C David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Jeffery J Raizer
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - John A Kessler
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Cameron W Brenann
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Gaetano Finocchiaro
- Unit of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ming Tan
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604, USA
| | - Ryo Nishikawa
- Department of Neuro-Oncology/Neurosurgery, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Saitama, 350-1298, Japan
| | - Xinghua Lu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
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121
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Balasubramaniyan V, Vaillant B, Wang S, Gumin J, Butalid ME, Sai K, Mukheef F, Kim SH, Boddeke HWGM, Lang F, Aldape K, Sulman EP, Bhat KP, Colman H. Aberrant mesenchymal differentiation of glioma stem-like cells: implications for therapeutic targeting. Oncotarget 2016; 6:31007-17. [PMID: 26307681 PMCID: PMC4741584 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation has been proposed as a therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma (GBM) in part due to observations of stem-like cells in GBM that have been shown to undergo terminal differentiation in response to growth factor withdrawal and BMP activation. However, the effects of long term exposure to serum culture conditions on glioma sphere cultures/glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) have not been examined. Here we show that GSCs retained both neurosphere formation and tumor initiation abilities after short or long term serum exposure. Under these conditions, GSCs expressed both neural lineage and stem cell markers, highlighting the aberrant pseudo-differentiation state. GSCs maintained under adherent serum cultured conditions continued to proliferate and initiate tumor formation with efficiencies similar to GSCs maintained under proliferating (neurosphere) conditions. Proneural (PN) GSCs under serum exposure showed an induction of mesenchymal (MES) gene expression signatures. Our data indicate that exposure to serum containing media result in aberrant differentiation (e.g. toward MES lineage) and activation of alternative oncogenic pathways in GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerakumar Balasubramaniyan
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian Vaillant
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shuzhen Wang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - M Elena Butalid
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ke Sai
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Farah Mukheef
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Se Hoon Kim
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - H W G M Boddeke
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frederick Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital/Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Howard Colman
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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122
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Zinn PO, Singh SK, Kotrotsou A, Zandi F, Thomas G, Hatami M, Luedi MM, Elakkad A, Hassan I, Gumin J, Sulman EP, Lang FF, Colen RR. 139 Clinically Applicable and Biologically Validated MRI Radiomic Test Method Predicts Glioblastoma Genomic Landscape and Survival. Neurosurgery 2016. [DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000489709.98960.e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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123
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Wang Q, Ezhilarasan R, Eskilsson E, Gumin J, Yang J, Jaffari M, Tang M, Aldape KD, Lang FF, Verhaak RG, Sulman EP. Abstract 1646: A glioblastoma methylation assay (GaMA) developedfrom genomic analysis of glioma spheroid cultures predicts response toradiation therapy in patients with glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-1646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) remains one of the most effective treatments for patients with GBM and has been repeatedly demonstrated to improve survival; yet response to RT is variable. We explored the relationship between methylation status and radiation response to develop a predictor of RT response using the epigenetic data of glioma sphere-forming cells (GSCs). The DNA methylomes of 42 GSCs were profiled using Illumina Infinium 450K methylation bead arrays. 15 GSCs were irradiated with 2-, 4-, and 6-Gy RT and response determined using clonogenic assays. We discovered 168 CpG probes capable of distinguishing sensitive from resistant GSCs. To validate, we analyzed 362 TCGA GBM samples, 272 that received standard 60Gy RT and 90 treated with low or no RT. Using the glioblastoma methylation assay (GaMA) signature, we classified the samples as either RT sensitive or resistant. Survival was significantly different between the predicted sensitive vs resistant patients for those treated with standard RT (median 21.0m vs 14.7m, p<0.005). GaMA did not predict a survival difference among patients receiving no/low-dose RT, suggesting a predictive, but not prognostic, role for the signature. Using the ENCODE ChIP-Seq Significance Tool, we observed that the transcription factor EZH2 was significantly associated with the radiation resistant promoters in the GaMA signature. Among the hypermethylated genes with EZH2 binding sites, the NR2F2 promoter had the greatest number of hypermethylated CpG sites correlated to RT resistance. NR2F2 has previously been identified as negatively associated with activation of the wnt/β-catenin, a pathway associated with RT resistance of mammary progenitor cells. Expression of WNT1 in TCGA GBM cohort was negatively associated with NR2F2 expression. Our GSC RT response-based methylome analysis corroborates this association and provides a rationale for the methylation signature as a predictive biomarker of radiation response.
Citation Format: Qianghu Wang, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Eskil Eskilsson, Joy Gumin, Jie Yang, Mona Jaffari, Ming Tang, Kenneth D. Aldape, Frederick F. Lang, Roel G.W. Verhaak, Erik P. Sulman. A glioblastoma methylation assay (GaMA) developedfrom genomic analysis of glioma spheroid cultures predicts response toradiation therapy in patients with glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1646.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghu Wang
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Eskil Eskilsson
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Joy Gumin
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jie Yang
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mona Jaffari
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ming Tang
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Erik P. Sulman
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Zinn P, Singh S, Luedi MM, Zandi F, Kotrotsou A, Hatami M, Thomas G, Elakkad A, Gumin J, Sulman EP, Lang F, Piwnica-Worms D, Colen RR. Abstract 4217: First pre-clinical validation of radiogenomics in glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A plethora of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) features have been correlated to cancer genomics to date, however, none have established causality. Here, we present an in vivo xenograft RNA interference validated, potentially clinically applicable test method termed “Magnetic Resonance Radiomic Sequencing” (MRRS) for the noninvasive detection of cancer genomics in Glioblastoma. MRRS comprehensively assesses the entire tumor mass using imaging texture-based algorithms that generate thousands of variables (features) inherent to the tumor. Two independent glioblastoma stem cells (GSC1 and GSC3) harboring doxycycline inducible short hairpin RNA against Periostin (POSTN), a gene previously identified in our radiogenomic screen, were implanted at orthotopic location in nude mouse brain. In vivo knockdown of >90% and ∼40% POSTN gene was achieved in GSC3 and GSC1 respectively. The T2 and T1 post MRI texture features, in edema and contrast enhancement phenotype features were compared between doxycycline (POSTN knockdown) and sucrose (control) group of mice using T test statistics. The significant features were included in a Stepwise Forward Logistic Regression analysis to build the final predictive model. The accuracy of the model was tested using ROC cure analysis. Among 3600 features in GSC3 mice cohort, 117 features were significantly (p value<0.05) different between the two groups. The significant features were included in a Stepwise Forward Logistic Regression analysis, 2 textures features (feature 234 of edema T1 and feature 251 of edema T2) were selected to be included in the final predictive model. The AUC of the model with leave one out cross validation method was 100%. The similar analyses were done in the GSC1 mice. The final predictive model in the GSC1 group was statistically insignificant (p value = 0.15) with AUC (95% CI) = 73% (46%-98%), suggesting that MRRS is reflective of underlying gene expression levels. Our results therefore describe the ‘first mouse model derived MRRS signature to describe a causal link of gene alteration to MRRS. This novel test method may open an avenue for human-mouse matched co-clinical trials and noninvasive Radiogenomic diagnostics.
Citation Format: Pascal Zinn, Sanjay Singh, Markus M. Luedi, Faramak Zandi, Aikaterini Kotrotsou, Masumeh Hatami, Ginu Thomas, Ahmed Elakkad, Joy Gumin, Erik P. Sulman, Frederick Lang, David Piwnica-Worms, Rivka R. Colen. First pre-clinical validation of radiogenomics in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4217.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joy Gumin
- 2UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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125
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Zhou R, Scheurer ME, Gilbert MR, Bondy M, Sulman EP, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Vera E, Wendland MM, Brachman D, Bearden J, McGovern SL, Wilson SS, Judy KD, Robins HI, Hunter GK, Pugh SL, Armstrong TS. Polymorphisms risk modeling for vascular toxicity in patients with glioblastoma treated on NRG Oncology/RTOG 0825. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark R. Gilbert
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Erik P. Sulman
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Elizabeth Vera
- University of Texas Health Science Center-Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - David Brachman
- University of Arizona Cancer Center/Phoenix Accruals from Arizona Oncology Services Foundation, Phoenix, AZ
| | - James Bearden
- Southeast Cancer Control Consortium, Inc., CCOP, Winston-Salem, NC
| | | | | | | | - H. Ian Robins
- University of Wisconsin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Madison, WI
| | | | | | - Terri S. Armstrong
- The University of Texas Health Science Center School of Nursing, Houston, TX
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126
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Gittleman HR, Lim D, Kattan MW, Chakravarti A, Gilbert MR, Lassman AB, Lo SS, Machtay M, Sloan AE, Sulman EP, Tian D, Vogelbaum MA, Wang TJC, Penas-Prado M, Youssef E, Blumenthal DT, Zhang P, Mehta MP, Barnholtz-Sloan J. An independently validated nomogram for individualized estimation of survival among patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: NRG oncology/RTOG 0525 and 0825. J Clin Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.34.15_suppl.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Lim
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Mark R. Gilbert
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Simon S. Lo
- UH Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | - Erik P. Sulman
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Devin Tian
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | - Emad Youssef
- Barow Neurological Institute, Arizona Oncology Services Foundation, Phoenix, AZ
| | | | - Peixin Zhang
- NRG Oncology Statistics and Data Management Center, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
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127
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Gupta SK, Kizilbash SH, Carlson BL, Mladek AC, Boakye-Agyeman F, Bakken KK, Pokorny JL, Schroeder MA, Decker PA, Cen L, Eckel-Passow JE, Sarkar G, Ballman KV, Reid JM, Jenkins RB, Verhaak RG, Sulman EP, Kitange GJ, Sarkaria JN. Delineation of MGMT Hypermethylation as a Biomarker for Veliparib-Mediated Temozolomide-Sensitizing Therapy of Glioblastoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 108:djv369. [PMID: 26615020 PMCID: PMC4862419 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensitizing effects of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors have been studied in several preclinical models, but a clear understanding of predictive biomarkers is lacking. In this study, in vivo efficacy of veliparib combined with temozolomide (TMZ) was evaluated in a large panel of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and potential biomarkers were analyzed. METHODS The efficacy of TMZ alone vs TMZ/veliparib was compared in a panel of 28 GBM PDX lines grown as orthotopic xenografts (8-10 mice per group); all tests of statistical significance were two-sided. DNA damage was analyzed by γH2AX immunostaining and promoter methylation of DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) by Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments-approved methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The combination of TMZ/veliparib statistically significantly extended survival of GBM models (P < .05 by log-rank) compared with TMZ alone in five of 20 MGMT-hypermethylated lines (average extension in median survival = 87 days, range = 20-150 days), while the combination was ineffective in six MGMT-unmethylated lines. In the MGMT promoter-hypermethylated GBM12 line (median survival with TMZ+veliparib = 189 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 59 to 289 days, vs TMZ alone = 98 days, 95% CI = 49 to 210 days, P = .04), the profound TMZ-sensitizing effect of veliparib was lost when MGMT was overexpressed (median survival with TMZ+veliparib = 36 days, 95% CI = 28 to 38 days, vs TMZ alone = 35 days, 95% CI = 32 to 37 days, P = .87), and a similar association was observed in two nearly isogenic GBM28 sublines with an intact vs deleted MGMT locus. In comparing DNA damage signaling after dosing with veliparib/TMZ or TMZ alone, increased phosphorylation of damage-responsive proteins (KAP1, Chk1, Chk2, and H2AX) was observed only in MGMT promoter-hypermethylated lines. CONCLUSION Veliparib statistically significantly enhances (P < .001) the efficacy of TMZ in tumors with MGMT promoter hypermethylation. Based on these data, MGMT promoter hypermethylation is being used as an eligibility criterion for A071102 (NCT02152982), the phase II/III clinical trial evaluating TMZ/veliparib combination in patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv K Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Sani H Kizilbash
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Brett L Carlson
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Ann C Mladek
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Felix Boakye-Agyeman
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Katrina K Bakken
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Jenny L Pokorny
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Mark A Schroeder
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Paul A Decker
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Ling Cen
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Jeanette E Eckel-Passow
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Gobinda Sarkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Karla V Ballman
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Joel M Reid
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Robert B Jenkins
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Roeland G Verhaak
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Gaspar J Kitange
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS)
| | - Jann N Sarkaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology (SKG, BLC, ACM, KKB, JLP, MAS, LC, GJK, JNS), Division of Medical Oncology (SHK), Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (FBA, JMR), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (PAD, JEEP, KVB), and Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (GS, RBJ), Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX (RGV, EPS).
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128
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Hossain MB, Shifat R, Johnson DG, Bedford MT, Gabrusiewicz KR, Cortes-Santiago N, Luo X, Lu Z, Ezhilarasan R, Sulman EP, Jiang H, Li SSC, Lang FF, Tyler J, Hung MC, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C. TIE2-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of H4 regulates DNA damage response by recruiting ABL1. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1501290. [PMID: 27757426 PMCID: PMC5065225 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1501290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair pathways enable cancer cells to survive DNA damage induced after genotoxic therapies. Tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) have been reported as regulators of the DNA repair machinery. TIE2 is a TKR overexpressed in human gliomas at levels that correlate with the degree of increasing malignancy. Following ionizing radiation, TIE2 translocates to the nucleus, conferring cells with an enhanced nonhomologous end-joining mechanism of DNA repair that results in a radioresistant phenotype. Nuclear TIE2 binds to key components of DNA repair and phosphorylates H4 at tyrosine 51, which, in turn, is recognized by the proto-oncogene ABL1, indicating a role for nuclear TIE2 as a sensor for genotoxic stress by action as a histone modifier. H4Y51 constitutes the first tyrosine phosphorylation of core histones recognized by ABL1, defining this histone modification as a direct signal to couple genotoxic stress with the DNA repair machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad B. Hossain
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rehnuma Shifat
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David G. Johnson
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Mark T. Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Konrad R. Gabrusiewicz
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nahir Cortes-Santiago
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xuemei Luo
- Biomolecular Resource Facility, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Zhimin Lu
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Erik P. Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shawn S. C. Li
- Department of Biochemistry and the Siebens-Drake Medical Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Frederick F. Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jessica Tyler
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Science Park, Smithville, TX 78957, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Juan Fueyo
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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129
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Gabrusiewicz K, Rodriguez B, Wei J, Hashimoto Y, Healy LM, Maiti SN, Thomas G, Zhou S, Wang Q, Elakkad A, Liebelt BD, Yaghi NK, Ezhilarasan R, Huang N, Weinberg JS, Prabhu SS, Rao G, Sawaya R, Langford LA, Bruner JM, Fuller GN, Bar-Or A, Li W, Colen RR, Curran MA, Bhat KP, Antel JP, Cooper LJ, Sulman EP, Heimberger AB. Glioblastoma-infiltrated innate immune cells resemble M0 macrophage phenotype. JCI Insight 2016; 1:85841. [PMID: 26973881 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.85841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are highly infiltrated by diverse immune cells, including microglia, macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Understanding the mechanisms by which glioblastoma-associated myeloid cells (GAMs) undergo metamorphosis into tumor-supportive cells, characterizing the heterogeneity of immune cell phenotypes within glioblastoma subtypes, and discovering new targets can help the design of new efficient immunotherapies. In this study, we performed a comprehensive battery of immune phenotyping, whole-genome microarray analysis, and microRNA expression profiling of GAMs with matched blood monocytes, healthy donor monocytes, normal brain microglia, nonpolarized M0 macrophages, and polarized M1, M2a, M2c macrophages. Glioblastoma patients had an elevated number of monocytes relative to healthy donors. Among CD11b+ cells, microglia and MDSCs constituted a higher percentage of GAMs than did macrophages. GAM profiling using flow cytometry studies revealed a continuum between the M1- and M2-like phenotype. Contrary to current dogma, GAMs exhibited distinct immunological functions, with the former aligned close to nonpolarized M0 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Gabrusiewicz
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Benjamin Rodriguez
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jun Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yuuri Hashimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luke M Healy
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Qianghu Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
| | | | - Brandon D Liebelt
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nasser K Yaghi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Neal Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Weinberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sujit S Prabhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Raymond Sawaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amit Bar-Or
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Biostatistics, Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jack P Antel
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Amy B Heimberger
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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130
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Shingu T, Holmes L, Henry V, Wang Q, Latha K, Gururaj AE, Gibson LA, Doucette T, Lang FF, Rao G, Yuan L, Sulman EP, Farrell NP, Priebe W, Hess KR, Wang YA, Hu J, Bögler O. Suppression of RAF/MEK or PI3K synergizes cytotoxicity of receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in glioma tumor-initiating cells. J Transl Med 2016; 14:46. [PMID: 26861698 PMCID: PMC4746796 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0803-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of glioblastomas have aberrant receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/RAS/phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways and malignant glioma cells are thought to be addicted to these signaling pathways for their survival and proliferation. However, recent studies suggest that monotherapies or inappropriate combination therapies using the molecular targeted drugs have limited efficacy possibly because of tumor heterogeneities, signaling redundancy and crosstalk in intracellular signaling network, indicating necessity of rationale and methods for efficient personalized combination treatments. Here, we evaluated the growth of colonies obtained from glioma tumor-initiating cells (GICs) derived from glioma sphere culture (GSC) in agarose and examined the effects of combination treatments on GICs using targeted drugs that affect the signaling pathways to which most glioma cells are addicted. Methods Human GICs were cultured in agarose and treated with inhibitors of RTKs, non-receptor kinases or transcription factors. The colony number and volume were analyzed using a colony counter, and Chou-Talalay combination indices were evaluated. Autophagy and apoptosis were also analyzed. Phosphorylation of proteins was evaluated by reverse phase protein array and immunoblotting. Results Increases of colony number and volume in agarose correlated with the Gompertz function. GICs showed diverse drug sensitivity, but inhibitions of RTK and RAF/MEK or PI3K by combinations such as EGFR inhibitor and MEK inhibitor, sorafenib and U0126, erlotinib and BKM120, and EGFR inhibitor and sorafenib showed synergy in different subtypes of GICs. Combination of erlotinib and sorafenib, synergistic in GSC11, induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death associated with suppressed Akt and ERK signaling pathways and decreased nuclear PKM2 and β-catenin in vitro, and tended to improve survival of nude mice bearing GSC11 brain tumor. Reverse phase protein array analysis of the synergistic treatment indicated involvement of not only MEK and PI3K signaling pathways but also others associated with glucose metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, gene transcription, histone methylation, iron transport, stress response, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Conclusion Inhibiting RTK and RAF/MEK or PI3K could induce synergistic cytotoxicity but personalization is necessary. Examining colonies in agarose initiated by GICs from each patient may be useful for drug sensitivity testing in personalized cancer therapy. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-016-0803-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Shingu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
| | - Lindsay Holmes
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Baylor College of Medicine, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
| | - Verlene Henry
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Qianghu Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Khatri Latha
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Anupama E Gururaj
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Laura A Gibson
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
| | - Tiffany Doucette
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Frederick F Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Ganesh Rao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Liang Yuan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Nicholas P Farrell
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, 901 West Franklin Street, Richmond, VA, 23284-9005, USA.
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
| | - Kenneth R Hess
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yaoqi A Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
| | - Oliver Bögler
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 7007 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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131
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Kim SH, Ezhilarasan R, Phillips E, Gallego-Perez D, Sparks A, Taylor D, Ladner K, Furuta T, Sabit H, Chhipa R, Cho JH, Mohyeldin A, Beck S, Kurozumi K, Kuroiwa T, Iwata R, Asai A, Kim J, Sulman EP, Cheng SY, Lee LJ, Nakada M, Guttridge D, DasGupta B, Goidts V, Bhat KP, Nakano I. Serine/Threonine Kinase MLK4 Determines Mesenchymal Identity in Glioma Stem Cells in an NF-κB-dependent Manner. Cancer Cell 2016; 29:201-13. [PMID: 26859459 PMCID: PMC4837946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) induces mesenchymal (MES) transdifferentiation and radioresistance in glioma stem cells (GSCs), but molecular mechanisms for NF-κB activation in GSCs are currently unknown. Here, we report that mixed lineage kinase 4 (MLK4) is overexpressed in MES but not proneural (PN) GSCs. Silencing MLK4 suppresses self-renewal, motility, tumorigenesis, and radioresistance of MES GSCs via a loss of the MES signature. MLK4 binds and phosphorylates the NF-κB regulator IKKα, leading to activation of NF-κB signaling in GSCs. MLK4 expression is inversely correlated with patient prognosis in MES, but not PN high-grade gliomas. Collectively, our results uncover MLK4 as an upstream regulator of NF-κB signaling and a potential molecular target for the MES subtype of glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Emma Phillips
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Gallego-Perez
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Amanda Sparks
- Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - David Taylor
- Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Katherine Ladner
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Takuya Furuta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hemragul Sabit
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Rishi Chhipa
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA
| | - Ju Hwan Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ahmed Mohyeldin
- Department of Neurosurgery, James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Samuel Beck
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Kurozumi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Kuroiwa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical College, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Iwata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
| | - Akio Asai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka 573-1191, Japan
| | - Jonghwan Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of Neurology & Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute, Center for Genetic Medicine, The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - L James Lee
- Center for Affordable Nanoengineering of Polymeric Biomedical Devices, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Center for Regenerative Medicine and Cell-Based Therapies, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Denis Guttridge
- Human Cancer Genetics Program, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Biplab DasGupta
- Division of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA
| | - Violaine Goidts
- Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Krishna P Bhat
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Sahm F, Schrimpf D, Olar A, Koelsche C, Reuss D, Bissel J, Kratz A, Capper D, Schefzyk S, Hielscher T, Wang Q, Sulman EP, Adeberg S, Koch A, Okuducu AF, Brehmer S, Schittenhelm J, Becker A, Brokinkel B, Schmidt M, Ull T, Gousias K, Kessler AF, Lamszus K, Debus J, Mawrin C, Kim YJ, Simon M, Ketter R, Paulus W, Aldape KD, Herold-Mende C, von Deimling A. TERT Promoter Mutations and Risk of Recurrence in Meningioma. J Natl Cancer Inst 2015; 108:djv377. [PMID: 26668184 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djv377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) classification and grading system attempts to predict the clinical course of meningiomas based on morphological parameters. However, because of high interobserver variation of some criteria, more reliable prognostic markers are required. Here, we assessed the TERT promoter for mutations in the hotspot regions C228T and C250T in meningioma samples from 252 patients. Mutations were detected in 16 samples (6.4% across the cohort, 1.7%, 5.7%, and 20.0% of WHO grade I, II, and III cases, respectively). Data were analyzed by t test, Fisher's exact test, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard model. All statistical tests were two-sided. Within a mean follow-up time in surviving patients of 68.1 months, TERT promoter mutations were statistically significantly associated with shorter time to progression (P < .001). Median time to progression among mutant cases was 10.1 months compared with 179.0 months among wild-type cases. Our results indicate that the inclusion of molecular data (ie, analysis of TERT promoter status) into a histologically and genetically integrated classification and grading system for meningiomas increases prognostic power. Consequently, we propose to incorporate the assessment of TERT promoter status in upcoming grading schemes for meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Sahm
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Daniel Schrimpf
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Adriana Olar
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Christian Koelsche
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - David Reuss
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Juliane Bissel
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Annekathrin Kratz
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - David Capper
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Sebastian Schefzyk
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Thomas Hielscher
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Qianghu Wang
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Sebastian Adeberg
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Arend Koch
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Ali Fuat Okuducu
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Stefanie Brehmer
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Albert Becker
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Benjamin Brokinkel
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Melissa Schmidt
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Theresa Ull
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Konstantinos Gousias
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Almuth Friederike Kessler
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Yoo-Jin Kim
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Matthias Simon
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Ralf Ketter
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Werner Paulus
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Kenneth D Aldape
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Affiliations of authors:Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, JB, AK, DC, SS, AvD); Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (FS, DS, CK, DR, AK, DC, AvD); Department of Pathology (AO), Department of Genomic Medicine (QW), Department of Radiation Oncology (QW, EPS), and Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology (QW), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX ; Department of Radiation Oncology (SA, JD) and Department of Neurosurgery (MSc, TU, CHM), University Hospital Heidelberg , Heidelberg , Germany ; Department of Neuropathology, Charité Medical University , Berlin , Germany (AK); Department of Pathology, University Hospital Nürnberg , Nürnberg , Germany (AFO): Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty of the Ruprecht-Karls-University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany (SB); Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany (JS); Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn , Bonn , Germany (AB); Department of Neurosurgery (BB) and Institute of Neuropathology (WP), University Hospital Münster , Münster , Germany (BB); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn , Germany (KG, MSi); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany (AFK); Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Hamburg , Hamburg , Germany (KL); Department of Neuropathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany (CM); Institute of Pathology, Saarland University , Homburg, Saarland , Germany (YJK); Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University , Homburg , Germany (RK); MacFeeters-Hamilton Brain Tumour Centre, Princess Margaret Cancer Center , Toronto, Ontario , Canada (KDA); Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg , Germany (TH)
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Scheurer ME, Zhou R, Gilbert MR, Bondy ML, Sulman EP, Yuan Y, Liu Y, Vera-Bolanos E, Wendland MM, Brachman DG, Stieber VW, Komaki RR, Flickinger JC, Kenyon LC, Robins HI, Hunter GK, Crocker IR, Chao ST, Stella PJ, Pugh SL, Armstrong T. EPID-25GERMLINE POLYMORPHISMS IN MGMT INCREASE ABILITY TO MODEL TEMOZOLOMIDE (TMZ)-RELATED MYELOTOXICITY RISK IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOBLASTOMA (GBM) TREATED ON NRG ONCOLOGY/RTOG 0825. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov213.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Koul D, Wang S, Saito N, Zheng S, Wu S, Setoguchi M, Nakayama K, Koyama K, Shiose Y, Sulman EP, Hirota Y, Yung WKA. ATPS-46PRECLINICAL THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF A NOVEL BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER-PENETRANT DUAL PI3K/MTOR INHIBITOR WITH PREFERENTIAL RESPONSE IN PI3K/PTEN MUTANT GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov204.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Eskilsson E, Wang Q, Ezhilarasan R, Bhat KP, Tang M, Goodman LD, Aldape KD, Verhaak RG, Sulman EP. EPIG-05RADIORESISTANCE OF PODOPLANIN-EXPRESSING GLIOMA STEM CELLS IS ASSOCIATED WITH EZH2-DRIVEN POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX ACTIVITY. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov214.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Hossain MB, Shifat R, Johnson DG, Bedford MT, Hung MC, Gabrusiewicz K, Gumin J, Ezhilarasan R, Sulman EP, Lang F, Tyler J, Sawaya R, Yung WA, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C. RTRB-10TYROSINE KINASE RECEPTOR TIE2 REGULATES DNA REPAIR THROUGH THE PROTO-ONCOGENE ABL1 IN BRAIN TUMOR STEM CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov231.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Hashimoto Y, Yaghi NK, Wei J, Huang N, Ezhilarasan R, Kong LY, Zhou S, Chivukula P, Webb DC, Priebe W, Payne JE, Sulman EP, Heimberger AB. BMET-14STAT3 INHIBITION ENHANCES THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF RADIATION TREATMENT AGAINST ESTABLISHED BRAIN METASTASIS IN MURINE MELANOMA MODEL. Neuro Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nov208.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Reddy JP, Dawood S, Mitchell M, Debeb BG, Bloom E, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Sulman EP, Buchholz TA, Woodward WA. Antiepileptic drug use improves overall survival in breast cancer patients with brain metastases in the setting of whole brain radiotherapy. Radiother Oncol 2015; 117:308-14. [PMID: 26482599 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is mounting evidence that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, e.g. valproic acid (VPA), synergize with radiation to improve outcomes in several cancers. This study was conducted to ascertain whether VPA affected outcomes in breast cancer patients with brain metastases treated with whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Records from 253 breast cancer patients with brain metastases treated with WBRT were reviewed. Data regarding use of all antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) were extracted. Kaplan-Meier survival times were calculated using the date of brain involvement as time zero. Cox proportional hazard models were used to determine the association between patient and tumor characteristics and overall survival (OS). RESULTS Median OS for the entire patient cohort was 6 months. Patients receiving VPA (n=20) had a median OS of 11 months versus 5 months for those not receiving VPA (p=0.028). Median OS was 9 months for patients taking any AED (n=101) versus 4 months for those not taking AEDs (p=0.0003). On multivariate analysis both VPA and AED use were associated with improved OS (HR 0.61, p=0.0419; HR 0.59, p=0.0002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests the use of AEDs, including VPA, is associated with improved OS in breast cancer patients with brain metastases following WBRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Reddy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Shaheenah Dawood
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dubai Hospital, United Arab Emirates
| | - Melissa Mitchell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Bisrat G Debeb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Elizabeth Bloom
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Ana M Gonzalez-Angulo
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Thomas A Buchholz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States
| | - Wendy A Woodward
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, United States.
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Lichti CF, Wildburger NC, Shavkunov AS, Mostovenko E, Liu H, Sulman EP, Nilsson CL. The proteomic landscape of glioma stem-like cells. EuPA Open Proteomics 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.euprot.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Shingu T, Holmes L, Henry V, Latha K, Gururaj AE, Gibson LA, Doucette T, Lang FF, Rao G, Yuan L, Sulman EP, Farrell NP, Priebe W, Hess KR, Wang YA, Hu J, Bogler O. Abstract 3483: Synergistic combination therapy with molecular targeted drugs in glioma stem-like cells. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
[Introduction] The prognosis of patients with malignant gliomas is poor despite multimodality therapies underscoring the need for novel therapeutic strategies. The majority of glioblastomas have aberrant receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK)/RAS/phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) signaling pathways and malignant glioma cells are thought to be addicted to these aberrant signaling pathways for their survival and proliferation. However, a large number of clinical trials have demonstrated that monotherapies have limited efficacy. Tumor heterogeneities and signaling redundancy and crosstalk in intracellular signaling network may imply necessity of combination treatments. Recent studies also suggested that effective methods to personalize antitumor therapy are required. However, drug sensitivity testing using tumor cells from each patient, which is one of the potent methods for personalized tumor therapy, has been unsuccessful. One possible reason of this is a technical issue regarding evaluation of clonogenicity of glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) that are thought to be key players in gliomagenesis and the disease progression and recurrence and thus targets of glioma therapy. We previously presented an effective method to evaluate clonogenicity of GSCs by using agarose-based culture system. In this study, we tested the therapeutic effects of combination treatments on GSCs using targeted drugs that affect the signaling pathways to which most glioma cells are thought to be addicted.
[Materials and Methods] Human GSCs were cultured in agarose and treated with inhibitors of RTKs, non-receptor kinase or transcription factor. The colony number and volume were analyzed using GelCountTM colony counter system (Oxford Optronix Inc., UK) and Chou-Talalay combination index was analyzed. Phosphorylation of proteins was evaluated by reverse phase protein array and immunoblotting.
[Results] While GSCs showed diverse sensitivity to targeted therapies even in the cells of the same glioma subtype, combinations of EGFR inhibitors with sorafenib, EGFR inhibitors with MEK inhibitors, Sorafenib with U0126, and erlotinib with BKM120 showed synergy in different GSC lines, indicating effectiveness of suppressing RTK and its downstream molecule. Combination of erlotinib with sorafenib, synergistic in the GSC11 cells, induced apoptosis and autophagic cell death associated with synergistic suppression of Akt and ERK signaling pathways and with decreased nuclear PKM2 and beta-catenin in vitro, and significantly improved survival of nude mice bearing GSC11 brain tumors compared with control and monotherapy groups.
[Conclusions] Inhibition of RTK and its downstream molecule induced synergistic antitumor effects but sensitivity of GSC lines to therapies was diverse. Examining colonies initiated by GSCs obtained from individual patients may be useful for drug sensitivity testing in personalized cancer therapy.
Citation Format: Takashi Shingu, Lindsay Holmes, Verlene Henry, Khatri Latha, Anupama E. Gururaj, Laura A. Gibson, Tiffany Doucette, Frederick F. Lang, Ganesh Rao, Liang Yuan, Erik P. Sulman, Nicholas P. Farrell, Waldemar Priebe, Kenneth R. Hess, Yaoqi A. Wang, Jian Hu, Oliver Bogler. Synergistic combination therapy with molecular targeted drugs in glioma stem-like cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3483. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3483
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ganesh Rao
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Liang Yuan
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Hu
- 1UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Wang Q, Ezhilarasan R, Goodman LD, Gumin J, Zheng S, Yoshihara K, Sun P, Yang J, Heffernan T, Draetta G, Aldape KD, Lang FF, Verhaak RG, Sulman EP. Abstract 4795: A novel gene fusion in glioblastoma and a radiation response methylation signature identified by genomic characterization of glioma sphere-forming cells. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: High fidelity models of the lethal primary brain tumor glioblastoma (GBM) are essential to develop new therapies. Glioma sphere-forming cells (GSCs) are derived from surgical specimens and are thought to play important roles in tumor maintenance and treatment resistance. We performed genomic characterization of the largest reported panel of GSCs. We hypothesized that GSCs would recapitulate the genomic alterations of their GBMs of origin while identifying novel changes identifiable only in a pure tumor cell population.
Methods: All GSCs were obtained at the time of surgical resection and all analyses were conducted at early passage. We performed exome and transcriptome sequencing, DNA methylation profiling (Illumina Infinium 450K Bead Arrays) and DNA copy number determination (Affymetrix OncoScan). Radiation (RT) sensitivity was determined by clonogenic survival and in vivo survival by orthotopic xenograft.
Results: We analyzed 43 GSCs, 40 of which had tissue available from their tumors of origin. Somatically mutated genes previously described in GBM, such as TP53, EGFR, PTEN, NF1, PIK3CA and RB1, were found at similar mutation frequencies. Likewise, DNA copy number variations were similar to their matched tumor and those reported by the TCGA, with novel or more pronounced alterations, such as MYC application and QKI deletion, identified in the GSCs. GSCs were classified into TCGA GBM subtypes by expression signatures, identifying a subset of GSCs with a subtype differing from their matched tumors that correlated to decreased stromal enrichment. GSCs exhibited upregulation of self-renewal pathways, such as MYC, WNT, and NOTCH, and of stem-cell factors, such as MSI1, NESTIN, OLIG2, and SOX2, consistent with the stem-like phenotype attributed to GSCs. Transcript analyses identified the previously reported FGFR3-TACC3 and EGFR-SEPT14 gene fusions as well as a novel KIF1B-KMT2A (MLL) fusion, which was found to have been retained in the matching recurrent GBM as well as the GSC derived from the recurrence. A signature derived by the differential methylation pattern of RT sensitive vs. resistant GSCs was applied to the subset of TCGA cases that received upfront RT. Survival by methylation class in this subset was significantly different (median survival 84 vs. 61 weeks; HR 1.64 adjusting for patient age, p-value<0.008), suggesting this signature is predictive of clinical RT response.
Conclusions: Based on genomic analyses, GSCs are robust models of GBM which can be used for therapeutic development. We have identified a novel gene fusion involving MLL with a predicted driving role suggesting a new mode of gliomagenesis. A methylation signature predictive of RT response may have potential for personalizing RT treatment of GBM patients and provides insights into RT sensitivity phenotypes.
Citation Format: Qianghu Wang, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Lindsey D. Goodman, Joy Gumin, Siyuan Zheng, Kosuke Yoshihara, Peng Sun, Jie Yang, Tim Heffernan, Giulio Draetta, Kenneth D. Aldape, Frederick F. Lang, Roel G.W. Verhaak, Erik P. Sulman. A novel gene fusion in glioblastoma and a radiation response methylation signature identified by genomic characterization of glioma sphere-forming cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4795. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4795
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianghu Wang
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Joy Gumin
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Siyuan Zheng
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Kosuke Yoshihara
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Peng Sun
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jie Yang
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Tim Heffernan
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Giulio Draetta
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - Erik P. Sulman
- 1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Hossain MB, Shifat R, Johnson DG, Bedford MT, Hung MC, Cortes-Santiago N, Gabrusiewicz K, Gumin J, Ezhilarasan R, Sulman EP, Lang F, Sawaya R, Yung WA, Fueyo J, Gomez-Manzano C. Abstract 3298: ABL1 is required for Tie2-mediated DNA repair in brain tumor stem cells. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain tumor and, in spite of surgery and chemoradiotherapy, invariably recurs. The poor prognosis associated with this disease, with a median survival of 15 months, is largely caused by the striking radioresistance of these tumors. The development of new therapeutic strategies for patient with brain tumors requires the identification of key molecular pathways regulating their resistant phenotype. The abnormal function of tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) is a hallmark of malignant gliomas. We previously reported the expression of the TKR Tie2 in brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) and in human surgical glioma specimens in relation to malignancy. In in vivo experiments, consisting of ionizing irradiation (IR) of mice bearing intracranial BTSCs-derived xenografts showed unexpected Tie2 nuclear localization. These results were confirmed by using immunofluorescence studies using confocal microscope and subcellular fractionation followed by Western blots. Of clinical interest, the presence of Tie2 in the nucleus is associated with radioresistance, as observed after mutagenesis of a newly discovered nuclear localization signal. In addition, upon IR, we detected increased levels of Tie2 natural ligand, Angiopoietin1 (Ang1). The blocking of the Ang1/Tie2 interaction, by the use of a soluble receptor, modulated the IR-mediated Tie2 nuclear translocation, indicating Tie2 intracellular trafficking was ligand dependent. Additionally we also found that after IR treatment, Tie2 localized in the DNA-repair foci and complexed with the H2AX, the key DNA repair protein. The data presented here clearly suggested a role of Tie2 in the DNA damage repair machinery. To test our hypothesis, we used a fluorescent reporter construct in which a functional GFP gene was reconstituted following a non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) event (gift from Dr. Gorbunova, University of Rochester), and we observed that Tie2-expressing cells displayed a more efficient NHEJ repair than Tie2 negative counterparts. Based on the recently reported role of ABL1 (cAbl) in the ATM and KAT5 mediated DNA damage repair, we explored the relationship between ABL1 and the Tie2-mediated radioresistance. Our data clearly showed that DNA repair efficiency significantly and specifically decreased by using ABL1 inhibitor but not by knocking down ABL2 expression. We further analyzed the interactions between Tie2 and chromatin and, interestingly, observed that Tie2 complexes with core histones. Collectively, our results should propel the development of preclinical studies on the combination of nuclear Tie2-targeting strategies with radiotherapy for patients with glioblastomas.
Citation Format: Mohammad B. Hossain, Rehnuma Shifat, David G. Johnson, Mark T. Bedford, Mien-Chie Hung, Nahir Cortes-Santiago, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Joy Gumin, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Erik P. Sulman, Frederick Lang, Raymond Sawaya, W.K. Alfred Yung, Juan Fueyo, Candelaria Gomez-Manzano. ABL1 is required for Tie2-mediated DNA repair in brain tumor stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3298. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3298
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joy Gumin
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Juan Fueyo
- UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Dong J, Nguyen N, Ezhilarasan R, Wu S, Piao Y, Park SY, Tiao N, Stephan C, Sulman EP, de Groot JF. Abstract 695: Synergistic antitumor effects of polo like kinase inhibitor volasertib in combination with ionizing radiation in glioblastoma. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite the availability of hundreds of drugs, there is little data on the efficacy of these agents in the extremely heterogeneous populations of tumor cells observed in glioblastoma. In this study, a high-throughput compound-screening (HTS) assay was used to identify drug sensitivities of a panel of 15 glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) lines, which are representative of the classic the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) molecular subtypes, to 21 compounds in Published Protein Kinase Inhibitor Set (PKSI). This HTS screen identified sensitivity of GSCs to inhibition of polo like kinase-1 (PLK-1), a key regulator of mitosis. Given that PLK-1 is often overexpressed in a broad spectrum of cancers, and with highest expression levels being correlated with poor prognosis in several cancer types as well, we further verified the HTS result with the second-generation PLK1 inhibitor volasertib as a single agent or in combination with ionizing radiation in GSCs. Efficacy of volasertib was analyzed by Cell-Titer Glo 5 days after treatment. Morphological and molecular changes were approached by immunoblotting and flow cytometry after volasertib treatment, and in combination with ionizing radiation at 2 Gy. In vitro studies showed that volasertib inhibited cell viability with an IC50 ranging from 44.3nM to 4.36μM. Volasertib induced G2/M arrest accompanied by high levels of PLK-1, Aurora B and phosphor-histone 3 and prominent cleaved poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Colony formation assay demonstrated that volasertib and ionizing radiation had synergistic effects on colony formation inhibition, suggesting that GSCs arrested in M phase by volasertib are more sensitive to ironizing radiation. The promising in vitro results of volasertib in GSCs led to further investigate the drug efficacy in intracranial xenograft models by volasertib alone, and in combination with radiation. Taken together, our results reinforce the potential therapeutic candidate of volasertib as a single agent and in combination with ionizing radiation in glioblastoma.
Citation Format: Jianwen Dong, Nghi Nguyen, Ravesanker Ezhilarasan, Shaofang Wu, Yuji Piao, Soon Young Park, Ningyi Tiao, Clifford Stephan, Erik P. Sulman, John F. de Groot. Synergistic antitumor effects of polo like kinase inhibitor volasertib in combination with ionizing radiation in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 695. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-695
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Dong
- 1Department of Neuro-Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Nghi Nguyen
- 2Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Shaofang Wu
- 1Department of Neuro-Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Yuji Piao
- 1Department of Neuro-Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Soon Young Park
- 1Department of Neuro-Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ningyi Tiao
- 1Department of Neuro-Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Clifford Stephan
- 2Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Erik P. Sulman
- 3Department of Radiation Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - John F. de Groot
- 1Department of Neuro-Oncology,UT-MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Abstract
Low-grade diffuse gliomas are a heterogeneous group of primary glial brain tumors with highly variable survival. Currently, patients with low-grade diffuse gliomas are stratified into risk subgroups by subjective histopathologic criteria with significant interobserver variability. Several key molecular signatures have emerged as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictor biomarkers for tumor classification and patient risk stratification. In this review, we discuss the effect of the most critical molecular alterations described in diffuse (IDH1/2, 1p/19q codeletion, ATRX, TERT, CIC, and FUBP1) and circumscribed (BRAF-KIAA1549, BRAF(V600E), and C11orf95-RELA fusion) gliomas. These molecular features reflect tumor heterogeneity and have specific associations with patient outcome that determine appropriate patient management. This has led to an important, fundamental shift toward developing a molecular classification of World Health Organization grade II-III diffuse glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Olar
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
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Brat DJ, Verhaak RGW, Aldape KD, Yung WKA, Salama SR, Cooper LAD, Rheinbay E, Miller CR, Vitucci M, Morozova O, Robertson AG, Noushmehr H, Laird PW, Cherniack AD, Akbani R, Huse JT, Ciriello G, Poisson LM, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Berger MS, Brennan C, Colen RR, Colman H, Flanders AE, Giannini C, Grifford M, Iavarone A, Jain R, Joseph I, Kim J, Kasaian K, Mikkelsen T, Murray BA, O'Neill BP, Pachter L, Parsons DW, Sougnez C, Sulman EP, Vandenberg SR, Van Meir EG, von Deimling A, Zhang H, Crain D, Lau K, Mallery D, Morris S, Paulauskis J, Penny R, Shelton T, Sherman M, Yena P, Black A, Bowen J, Dicostanzo K, Gastier-Foster J, Leraas KM, Lichtenberg TM, Pierson CR, Ramirez NC, Taylor C, Weaver S, Wise L, Zmuda E, Davidsen T, Demchok JA, Eley G, Ferguson ML, Hutter CM, Mills Shaw KR, Ozenberger BA, Sheth M, Sofia HJ, Tarnuzzer R, Wang Z, Yang L, Zenklusen JC, Ayala B, Baboud J, Chudamani S, Jensen MA, Liu J, Pihl T, Raman R, Wan Y, Wu Y, Ally A, Auman JT, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Baylin SB, Beroukhim R, Bootwalla MS, Bowlby R, Bristow CA, Brooks D, Butterfield Y, Carlsen R, Carter S, Chin L, Chu A, Chuah E, Cibulskis K, Clarke A, Coetzee SG, Dhalla N, Fennell T, Fisher S, Gabriel S, Getz G, Gibbs R, Guin R, Hadjipanayis A, Hayes DN, Hinoue T, Hoadley K, Holt RA, Hoyle AP, Jefferys SR, Jones S, Jones CD, Kucherlapati R, Lai PH, Lander E, Lee S, Lichtenstein L, Ma Y, Maglinte DT, Mahadeshwar HS, Marra MA, Mayo M, Meng S, Meyerson ML, Mieczkowski PA, Moore RA, Mose LE, Mungall AJ, Pantazi A, Parfenov M, Park PJ, Parker JS, Perou CM, Protopopov A, Ren X, Roach J, Sabedot TS, Schein J, Schumacher SE, Seidman JG, Seth S, Shen H, Simons JV, Sipahimalani P, Soloway MG, Song X, Sun H, Tabak B, Tam A, Tan D, Tang J, Thiessen N, Triche T, Van Den Berg DJ, Veluvolu U, Waring S, Weisenberger DJ, Wilkerson MD, Wong T, Wu J, Xi L, Xu AW, Yang L, Zack TI, Zhang J, Aksoy BA, Arachchi H, Benz C, Bernard B, Carlin D, Cho J, DiCara D, Frazer S, Fuller GN, Gao J, Gehlenborg N, Haussler D, Heiman DI, Iype L, Jacobsen A, Ju Z, Katzman S, Kim H, Knijnenburg T, Kreisberg RB, Lawrence MS, Lee W, Leinonen K, Lin P, Ling S, Liu W, Liu Y, Liu Y, Lu Y, Mills G, Ng S, Noble MS, Paull E, Rao A, Reynolds S, Saksena G, Sanborn Z, Sander C, Schultz N, Senbabaoglu Y, Shen R, Shmulevich I, Sinha R, Stuart J, Sumer SO, Sun Y, Tasman N, Taylor BS, Voet D, Weinhold N, Weinstein JN, Yang D, Yoshihara K, Zheng S, Zhang W, Zou L, Abel T, Sadeghi S, Cohen ML, Eschbacher J, Hattab EM, Raghunathan A, Schniederjan MJ, Aziz D, Barnett G, Barrett W, Bigner DD, Boice L, Brewer C, Calatozzolo C, Campos B, Carlotti CG, Chan TA, Cuppini L, Curley E, Cuzzubbo S, Devine K, DiMeco F, Duell R, Elder JB, Fehrenbach A, Finocchiaro G, Friedman W, Fulop J, Gardner J, Hermes B, Herold-Mende C, Jungk C, Kendler A, Lehman NL, Lipp E, Liu O, Mandt R, McGraw M, Mclendon R, McPherson C, Neder L, Nguyen P, Noss A, Nunziata R, Ostrom QT, Palmer C, Perin A, Pollo B, Potapov A, Potapova O, Rathmell WK, Rotin D, Scarpace L, Schilero C, Senecal K, Shimmel K, Shurkhay V, Sifri S, Singh R, Sloan AE, Smolenski K, Staugaitis SM, Steele R, Thorne L, Tirapelli DPC, Unterberg A, Vallurupalli M, Wang Y, Warnick R, Williams F, Wolinsky Y, Bell S, Rosenberg M, Stewart C, Huang F, Grimsby JL, Radenbaugh AJ, Zhang J. Comprehensive, Integrative Genomic Analysis of Diffuse Lower-Grade Gliomas. N Engl J Med 2015; 372:2481-98. [PMID: 26061751 PMCID: PMC4530011 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1402121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2125] [Impact Index Per Article: 236.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diffuse low-grade and intermediate-grade gliomas (which together make up the lower-grade gliomas, World Health Organization grades II and III) have highly variable clinical behavior that is not adequately predicted on the basis of histologic class. Some are indolent; others quickly progress to glioblastoma. The uncertainty is compounded by interobserver variability in histologic diagnosis. Mutations in IDH, TP53, and ATRX and codeletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion) have been implicated as clinically relevant markers of lower-grade gliomas. METHODS We performed genomewide analyses of 293 lower-grade gliomas from adults, incorporating exome sequence, DNA copy number, DNA methylation, messenger RNA expression, microRNA expression, and targeted protein expression. These data were integrated and tested for correlation with clinical outcomes. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering of mutations and data from RNA, DNA-copy-number, and DNA-methylation platforms uncovered concordant classification of three robust, nonoverlapping, prognostically significant subtypes of lower-grade glioma that were captured more accurately by IDH, 1p/19q, and TP53 status than by histologic class. Patients who had lower-grade gliomas with an IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion had the most favorable clinical outcomes. Their gliomas harbored mutations in CIC, FUBP1, NOTCH1, and the TERT promoter. Nearly all lower-grade gliomas with IDH mutations and no 1p/19q codeletion had mutations in TP53 (94%) and ATRX inactivation (86%). The large majority of lower-grade gliomas without an IDH mutation had genomic aberrations and clinical behavior strikingly similar to those found in primary glioblastoma. CONCLUSIONS The integration of genomewide data from multiple platforms delineated three molecular classes of lower-grade gliomas that were more concordant with IDH, 1p/19q, and TP53 status than with histologic class. Lower-grade gliomas with an IDH mutation either had 1p/19q codeletion or carried a TP53 mutation. Most lower-grade gliomas without an IDH mutation were molecularly and clinically similar to glioblastoma. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.).
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Sarkaria JN, Gupta S, Kizilbash SH, Carlson B, Mladek A, Bakken K, Schroeder MA, Decker PA, Sulman EP, Eckel-Passow J, Kitange G, Jenkins RB. Delineation of MGMT promoter hypermethylation as a predictive biomarker for the A071102 clinical trial of veliparib combined with temozolomide (TMZ) using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) GBM models. J Clin Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.2052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Erik P. Sulman
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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147
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Subbiah IM, Lei X, Weinberg JS, Sulman EP, Chavez-MacGregor M, Tripathy D, Gupta R, Varma A, Chouhan J, Guevarra RP, Valero V, Gilbert MR, Gonzalez-Angulo AM. Validation and Development of a Modified Breast Graded Prognostic Assessment As a Tool for Survival in Patients With Breast Cancer and Brain Metastases. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:2239-45. [PMID: 25987700 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.58.8517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Several indices have been developed to predict overall survival (OS) in patients with breast cancer with brain metastases, including the breast graded prognostic assessment (breast-GPA), comprising age, tumor subtype, and Karnofsky performance score. However, number of brain metastases-a highly relevant clinical variable-is less often incorporated into the final model. We sought to validate the existing breast-GPA in an independent larger cohort and refine it integrating number of brain metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were retrospectively gathered from a prospectively maintained institutional database. Patients with newly diagnosed brain metastases from 1996 to 2013 were identified. After validating the breast-GPA, multivariable Cox regression and recursive partitioning analysis led to the development of the modified breast-GPA. The performances of the breast-GPA and modified breast-GPA were compared using the concordance index. RESULTS In our cohort of 1,552 patients, the breast-GPA was validated as a prognostic tool for OS (P < .001). In multivariable analysis of the breast-GPA and number of brain metastases (> three v ≤ three), both were independent predictors of OS. We therefore developed the modified breast-GPA integrating a fourth clinical parameter. Recursive partitioning analysis reinforced the prognostic significance of these four factors. Concordance indices were 0.78 (95% CI, 0.77 to 0.80) and 0.84 (95% CI, 0.83 to 0.85) for the breast-GPA and modified breast-GPA, respectively (P < .001). CONCLUSION The modified breast-GPA incorporates four simple clinical parameters of high prognostic significance. This index has an immediate role in the clinic as a formative part of the clinician's discussion of prognosis and direction of care and as a potential patient selection tool for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiudong Lei
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Erik P Sulman
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Debu Tripathy
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
| | - Rohan Gupta
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Ankur Varma
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Jay Chouhan
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | - Vicente Valero
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- All authors: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Liu Y, Zhou R, Sulman EP, Scheurer ME, Boehling N, Armstrong GN, Tsavachidis S, Liang FW, Etzel CJ, Conrad CA, Gilbert MR, Armstrong TS, Bondy ML, Wefel JS. Genetic Modulation of Neurocognitive Function in Glioma Patients. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3340-6. [PMID: 25904748 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence supports the contention that genetic variation is associated with neurocognitive function in healthy individuals and increased risk for neurocognitive decline in a variety of patient populations, including cancer patients. However, this has rarely been studied in glioma patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN To identify the effect of genetic variants on neurocognitive function, we examined the relationship between the genotype frequencies of 10,967 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 580 genes related to five pathways (inflammation, DNA repair, metabolism, cognitive, and telomerase) and neurocognitive function in 233 newly diagnosed glioma patients before surgical resection. Four neuropsychologic tests that measured memory (Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised), processing speed (Trail Making Test A), and executive function (Trail Making Test B, Controlled Oral Word Association) were examined. RESULTS Eighteen polymorphisms were associated with processing speed and 12 polymorphisms with executive function. For processing speed, the strongest signals were in IRS1 rs6725330 in the inflammation pathway (P = 2.5 × 10(-10)), ERCC4 rs1573638 in the DNA repair pathway (P = 3.4 × 10(-7)), and ABCC1 rs8187858 in metabolism pathway (P = 6.6 × 10(-7)). For executive function, the strongest associations were in NOS1 rs11611788 (P = 1.8 × 10(-8)) and IL16 rs1912124 (P = 6.0 × 10(-7)) in the inflammation pathway, and POLE rs5744761 (P = 6.0 × 10(-7)) in the DNA repair pathway. Joint effect analysis found significant gene polymorphism-dosage effects for processing speed (Ptrend = 9.4 × 10(-16)) and executive function (Ptrend = 6.6 × 10(-15)). CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms in inflammation, DNA repair, and metabolism pathways are associated with neurocognitive function in glioma patients and may affect clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Renke Zhou
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Nicholas Boehling
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Fu-Wen Liang
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Carol J Etzel
- Biostatistics, Corrona, LLC, Southborough, Massachusetts
| | - Charles A Conrad
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Terri S Armstrong
- The University of Texas Health Science Center School of Nursing, Houston, Texas
| | - Melissa L Bondy
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Jeffrey S Wefel
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Olar A, Wani KM, Alfaro-Munoz KD, Heathcock LE, van Thuijl HF, Gilbert MR, Armstrong TS, Sulman EP, Cahill DP, Vera-Bolanos E, Yuan Y, Reijneveld JC, Ylstra B, Wesseling P, Aldape KD. IDH mutation status and role of WHO grade and mitotic index in overall survival in grade II-III diffuse gliomas. Acta Neuropathol 2015; 129:585-96. [PMID: 25701198 PMCID: PMC4369189 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1398-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diffuse gliomas are up till now graded based upon morphology. Recent findings indicate that isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation status defines biologically distinct groups of tumors. The role of tumor grade and mitotic index in patient outcome has not been evaluated following stratification by IDH mutation status. To address this, we interrogated 558 WHO grade II-III diffuse gliomas for IDH1/2 mutations and investigated the prognostic impact of WHO grade within IDH-mutant and IDH-wild type tumor subsets independently. The prognostic impact of grade was modest in IDH-mutant [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.91-1.61] compared to IDH-wild type tumors (HR = 1.74, 95 % CI = 0.95-3.16). Using a dichotomized mitotic index cut-off of 4/1000 tumor cells, we found that while mitotic index was significantly associated with outcome in IDH-wild type tumors (log-rank p < 0.0001, HR = 4.41, 95 % CI = 2.55-7.63), it was not associated with outcome in IDH-mutant tumors (log-rank p = 0.5157, HR = 1.10, 95 % CI = 0.80-1.51), and could demonstrate a statistical interaction (p < 0.0001) between IDH mutation and mitotic index (i.e., suggesting that the effect of mitotic index on patient outcome is dependent on IDH mutation status). Patient age, an established prognostic factor in diffuse glioma, was significantly associated with outcome only in the IDH-wild type subset, and consistent with prior data, 1p/19q co-deletion conferred improved outcome in the IDH-mutant cohort. These findings suggest that stratification of grade II-III gliomas into subsets defined by the presence or absence of IDH mutation leads to subgroups with distinct prognostic characteristics. Further evaluation of grading criteria and prognostic markers is warranted within IDH-mutant versus IDH-wild type diffuse grade II-III gliomas as independent entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Olar
- Department of Pathology, G1.3510, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA,
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Kim SH, Joshi K, Ezhilarasan R, Myers TR, Siu J, Gu C, Nakano-Okuno M, Taylor D, Minata M, Sulman EP, Lee J, Bhat KPL, Salcini AE, Nakano I. EZH2 protects glioma stem cells from radiation-induced cell death in a MELK/FOXM1-dependent manner. Stem Cell Reports 2015; 4:226-38. [PMID: 25601206 PMCID: PMC4325196 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM)-derived tumorigenic stem-like cells (GSCs) may play a key role in therapy resistance. Previously, we reported that the mitotic kinase MELK binds and phosphorylates the oncogenic transcription factor FOXM1 in GSCs. Here, we demonstrate that the catalytic subunit of Polycomb repressive complex 2, EZH2, is targeted by the MELK-FOXM1 complex, which in turn promotes resistance to radiation in GSCs. Clinically, EZH2 and MELK are coexpressed in GBM and significantly induced in postirradiation recurrent tumors whose expression is inversely correlated with patient prognosis. Through a gain-and loss-of-function study, we show that MELK or FOXM1 contributes to GSC radioresistance by regulation of EZH2. We further demonstrate that the MELK-EZH2 axis is evolutionarily conserved in Caenorhabditis elegans. Collectively, these data suggest that the MELK-FOXM1-EZH2 signaling axis is essential for GSC radioresistance and therefore raise the possibility that MELK-FOXM1-driven EZH2 signaling can serve as a therapeutic target in irradiation-resistant GBM tumors. EZH2 and MELK are coexpressed in GBM and post-IR recurrent tumors MELK-mediated EZH2 is required for GSC radioresistance MELK/EZH2 functions in radioresistance are evolutionarily conserved
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Hak Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Kaushal Joshi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ravesanker Ezhilarasan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Toshia R Myers
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jason Siu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Chunyu Gu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mariko Nakano-Okuno
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - David Taylor
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mutsuko Minata
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Erik P Sulman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jeongwu Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Krishna P L Bhat
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anna Elisabetta Salcini
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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