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Acosta D, Avery P, Bourilkov D, Chen M, Di Giovanni GP, Dobur D, Drozdetskiy A, Field RD, Fisher M, Fu Y, Furic IK, Gartner J, Goldberg S, Kim B, Klimenko S, Konigsberg J, Korytov A, Kropivnitskaya A, Kypreos T, Matchev K, Mitselmakher G, Muniz L, Pakhotin Y, Prescott C, Remington R, Schmitt M, Scurlock B, Sellers P, Skhirtladze N, Wang D, Yelton J, Zakaria M, Ceron C, Gaultney V, Kramer L, Lebolo LM, Linn S, Markowitz P, Martinez G, Rodriguez JL, Adams T, Askew A, Bandurin D, Bochenek J, Chen J, Diamond B, Gleyzer SV, Haas J, Hagopian S, Hagopian V, Jenkins M, Johnson KF, Prosper H, Sekmen S, Veeraraghavan V, Baarmand MM, Dorney B, Guragain S, Hohlmann M, Kalakhety H, Ralich R, Vodopiyanov I, Adams MR, Anghel IM, Apanasevich L, Bai Y, Bazterra VE, Betts RR, Callner J, Cavanaugh R, Dragoiu C, Garcia-Solis EJ, Gerber CE, Hofman DJ, Khalatyan S, Lacroix F, O'Brien C, Silvestre C, Smoron A, Strom D, Varelas N, Akgun U, Albayrak EA, Bilki B, Cankocak K, Clarida W, Duru F, Lae CK, McCliment E, Merlo JP, Mermerkaya H, Mestvirishvili A, Moeller A, Nachtman J, Newsom CR, Norbeck E, Olson J, Onel Y, Ozok F, Sen S, Wetzel J, Yetkin T, Yi K, Barnett BA, Blumenfeld B, Bonato A, Eskew C, Fehling D, Giurgiu G, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Hu G, Maksimovic P, Rappoccio S, Swartz M, Tran NV, Whitbeck A, Baringer P, Bean A, Benelli G, Grachov O, Murray M, Noonan D, Radicci V, Sanders S, Wood JS, Zhukova V, Bolton T, Chakaberia I, Ivanov A, Makouski M, Maravin Y, Shrestha S, Svintradze I, Wan Z, Gronberg J, Lange D, Wright D, Baden A, Boutemeur M, Eno SC, Ferencek D, Gomez JA, Hadley NJ, Kellogg RG, Kirn M, Lu Y, Mignerey AC, Rossato K, Rumerio P, Santanastasio F, Skuja A, Temple J, Tonjes MB, Tonwar SC, Twedt E, Alver B, Bauer G, Bendavid J, Busza W, Butz E, Cali IA, Chan M, Dutta V, Everaerts P, Gomez Ceballos G, Goncharov M, Hahn KA, Harris P, Kim Y, Klute M, Lee YJ, Li W, Loizides C, Luckey PD, Ma T, Nahn S, Paus C, Roland C, Roland G, Rudolph M, Stephans GSF, Sumorok K, Sung K, Wenger EA, Xie S, Yang M, Yilmaz Y, Yoon AS, Zanetti M, Cole P, Cooper SI, Cushman P, Dahmes B, De Benedetti A, Dudero PR, Franzoni G, Haupt J, Klapoetke K, Kubota Y, Mans J, Rekovic V, Rusack R, Sasseville M, Singovsky A, Cremaldi LM, Godang R, Kroeger R, Perera L, Rahmat R, Sanders DA, Summers D, Bloom K, Bose S, Butt J, Claes DR, Dominguez A, Eads M, Keller J, Kelly T, Kravchenko I, Lazo-Flores J, Lundstedt C, Malbouisson H, Malik S, Snow GR, Baur U, Godshalk A, Iashvili I, Kharchilava A, Kumar A, Shipkowski SP, Smith K, Alverson G, Barberis E, Baumgartel D, Boeriu O, Chasco M, Kaadze K, Reucroft S, Swain J, Wood D, Zhang J, Anastassov A, Kubik A, Odell N, Ofierzynski RA, Pollack B, Pozdnyakov A, Schmitt M, Stoynev S, Velasco M, Won S, Antonelli L, Berry D, Hildreth M, Jessop C, Karmgard DJ, Kolb J, Kolberg T, Lannon K, Luo W, Lynch S, Marinelli N, Morse DM, Pearson T, Ruchti R, Slaunwhite J, Valls N, Warchol J, Wayne M, Ziegler J, Bylsma B, Durkin LS, Gu J, Hill C, Killewald P, Kotov K, Ling TY, Rodenburg M, Williams G, Adam N, Berry E, Elmer P, Gerbaudo D, Halyo V, Hebda P, Hunt A, Jones J, Laird E, Lopes Pegna D, Marlow D, Medvedeva T, Mooney M, Olsen J, Piroué P, Quan X, Saka H, Stickland D, Tully C, Werner JS, Zuranski A, Acosta JG, Huang XT, Lopez A, Mendez H, Oliveros S, Ramirez Vargas JE, Zatserklyaniy A, Alagoz E, Barnes VE, Bolla G, Borrello L, Bortoletto D, Everett A, Garfinkel AF, Gecse Z, Gutay L, Hu Z, Jones M, Koybasi O, Laasanen AT, Leonardo N, Liu C, Maroussov V, Merkel P, Miller DH, Neumeister N, Potamianos K, Shipsey I, Silvers D, Svyatkovskiy A, Yoo HD, Zablocki J, Zheng Y, Jindal P, Parashar N, Boulahouache C, Cuplov V, Ecklund KM, Geurts FJM, Liu JH, Morales J, Padley BP, Redjimi R, Roberts J, Zabel J, Betchart B, Bodek A, Chung YS, de Barbaro P, Demina R, Eshaq Y, Flacher H, Garcia-Bellido A, Goldenzweig P, Gotra Y, Han J, Harel A, Miner DC, Orbaker D, Petrillo G, Vishnevskiy D, Zielinski M, Bhatti A, Demortier L, Goulianos K, Lungu G, Mesropian C, Yan M, Atramentov O, Barker A, Duggan D, Gershtein Y, Gray R, Halkiadakis E, Hidas D, Hits D, Lath A, Panwalkar S, Patel R, Richards A, Rose K, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thomas S, Cerizza G, Hollingsworth M, Spanier S, Yang ZC, York A, Asaadi J, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Gurrola A, Kamon T, Khotilovich V, Montalvo R, Nguyen CN, Pivarski J, Safonov A, Sengupta S, Tatarinov A, Toback D, Weinberger M, Akchurin N, Bardak C, Damgov J, Jeong C, Kovitanggoon K, Lee SW, Mane P, Roh Y, Sill A, Volobouev I, Wigmans R, Yazgan E, Appelt E, Brownson E, Engh D, Florez C, Gabella W, Johns W, Kurt P, Maguire C, Melo A, Sheldon P, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Balazs M, Boutle S, Buehler M, Conetti S, Cox B, Francis B, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Lin C, Neu C, Yohay R, Gollapinni S, Harr R, Karchin PE, Mattson M, Milstène C, Sakharov A, Anderson M, Bachtis M, Bellinger JN, Carlsmith D, Dasu S, Efron J, Gray L, Grogg KS, Grothe M, Hall-Wilton R, Herndon M, Klabbers P, Klukas J, Lanaro A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Parker W, Reeder D, Ross I, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. Search for stopped Gluinos in pp collisions at square root s=7 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:011801. [PMID: 21231732 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.011801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The results of the first search for long-lived gluinos produced in 7 TeV pp collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider are presented. The search looks for evidence of long-lived particles that stop in the CMS detector and decay in the quiescent periods between beam crossings. In a dataset with a peak instantaneous luminosity of 1×10(32) cm-2 s-1, an integrated luminosity of 10 pb-1, and a search interval corresponding to 62 hours of LHC operation, no significant excess above background was observed. Limits at the 95% confidence level on gluino pair production over 13 orders of magnitude of gluino lifetime are set. For a mass difference mg - mχ1(0) >100 GeV/c2, and assuming BR(g→gχ1(0))=100%, mg < 370 GeV/c2 are excluded for lifetimes from 10 μs to 1000 s.
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Dhammi IK, Jain AK, Singh AP, Rehan-Ul-Haq, Mishra P, Jain S. Primary nonunion of intertrochanteric fractures of femur: An analysis of results of valgization and bone grafting. Indian J Orthop 2011; 45:514-9. [PMID: 22144744 PMCID: PMC3227355 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5413.87122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonunion of intertrochanteric fractures is uncommon because there is excellent blood supply and good cancellous bone in the intertrochanteric region of the femur. A diagnosis of primary intertrochanteric nonunion is made when at least 15 weeks after the fracture there is radiological evidence of a fracture line, with either no callus (atrophic) or with callus that does not bridge the fracture site (hypertrophic). There is only one published series that exclusively describes seven primary nonunions of intertrochanteric fractures. The aim of the present study was to analyze the results of internal fixation, valgization with 135° dynamic hip screw (DHS), and bone grafting in patients with primary nonunion of intertrochanteric fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighteen patients with primary intertrochanteric nonunion were included in the study; 16 were male and 2 were female. The age range was 30-70 years (mean: 46.9 years). The mean duration since index injury was 8.5 months (range: 4-18 months). As per the AO classification, the fractures were 31A 1.1 (n=1), 1.2 (n=1), 2.2 (n=3), 2.3 (n=9), and 3.3 (n=4). Three patients had hypermobile nonunion and 15 had stiff nonunion. The surgical principle was excision of pseudarthrosis, if present (n=3); freshening of the bone ends; stable fixation with 135° DHS, with good proximal purchase; bone grafting; and valgization. RESULTS Union was achieved in all patients at an average of 5.62 months (range: 4-7 months). The Harris hip score improved from 38 points preoperatively to 86 postoperatively at healing. The average limb shortening improved by 2 cm (range: 1.5 cm-3 cm). There was no infection and pain at the hip at final follow-up in any of the cases. All patients were subjectively satisfied with the outcome. All were capable of full weight bearing on their affected limb. CONCLUSION Union in primary nonunion of intertrochanteric fractures in physiologically young patients with a well-preserved femoral head and good bone stock can be achieved with internal fixation, valgization, and grafting procedures.
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Kovitanggoon K, Lee SW, Mane P, Roh Y, Sill A, Volobouev I, Wigmans R, Yazgan E, Appelt E, Brownson E, Engh D, Florez C, Gabella W, Johns W, Kurt P, Maguire C, Melo A, Sheldon P, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Balazs M, Boutle S, Buehler M, Conetti S, Cox B, Francis B, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Lin C, Neu C, Patel T, Yohay R, Gollapinni S, Harr R, Karchin PE, Mattson M, Milstène C, Sakharov A, Anderson M, Bachtis M, Bellinger JN, Carlsmith D, Dasu S, Efron J, Gray L, Grogg KS, Grothe M, Hall-Wilton R, Herndon M, Klabbers P, Klukas J, Lanaro A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Liu J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Parker W, Reeder D, Ross I, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. Search for quark compositeness with the dijet centrality ratio in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:262001. [PMID: 21231646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.262001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A search for quark compositeness in the form of quark contact interactions, based on hadronic jet pairs (dijets) produced in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV, is described. The data sample of the study corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 pb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The dijet centrality ratio, which quantifies the angular distribution of the dijets, is measured as a function of the invariant mass of the dijet system and is found to agree with the predictions of the standard model. A statistical analysis of the data provides a lower limit on the energy scale of quark contact interactions. The sensitivity of the analysis is such that the expected limit is 2.9 TeV; because the observed value of the centrality ratio at high invariant mass is below the expectation, the observed limit is 4.0 TeV at the 95% confidence level.
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Zielinski M, Bhatti A, Demortier L, Goulianos K, Lungu G, Mesropian C, Yan M, Atramentov O, Barker A, Duggan D, Gershtein Y, Gray R, Halkiadakis E, Hidas D, Hits D, Lath A, Panwalkar S, Patel R, Richards A, Rose K, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thomas S, Cerizza G, Hollingsworth M, Spanier S, Yang ZC, York A, Asaadi J, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Gurrola A, Kamon T, Khotilovich V, Montalvo R, Nguyen CN, Pivarski J, Safonov A, Sengupta S, Tatarinov A, Toback D, Weinberger M, Akchurin N, Bardak C, Damgov J, Jeong C, Kovitanggoon K, Lee SW, Mane P, Roh Y, Sill A, Volobouev I, Wigmans R, Yazgan E, Appelt E, Brownson E, Engh D, Florez C, Gabella W, Johns W, Kurt P, Maguire C, Melo A, Sheldon P, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Balazs M, Boutle S, Buehler M, Conetti S, Cox B, Francis B, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Lin C, Neu C, Patel T, Yohay R, Gollapinni S, Harr R, Karchin PE, Loggins V, Mattson M, Milstène C, Sakharov A, Anderson M, Bachtis M, Bellinger JN, Carlsmith D, Dasu S, Efron J, Gray L, Grogg KS, Grothe M, Hall-Wilton R, Herndon M, Klabbers P, Klukas J, Lanaro A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Liu J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Parker W, Reeder D, Ross I, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. Search for dijet resonances in 7 TeV pp collisions at CMS. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:211801. [PMID: 21231289 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A search for narrow resonances in the dijet mass spectrum is performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 pb⁻¹ collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are presented on the product of the resonance cross section, branching fraction into dijets, and acceptance, separately for decays into quark-quark, quark-gluon, or gluon-gluon pairs. The data exclude new particles predicted in the following models at the 95% confidence level: string resonances, with mass less than 2.50 TeV, excited quarks, with mass less than 1.58 TeV, and axigluons, colorons, and E6 diquarks, in specific mass intervals. This extends previously published limits on these models.
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A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Polese G, Reeder D, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. First measurement of Bose-Einstein correlations in proton-proton collisions at √s=0.9 and 2.36 TeV at the LHC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:032001. [PMID: 20867758 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.032001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Bose-Einstein correlations have been measured using samples of proton-proton collisions at 0.9 and 2.36 TeV center-of-mass energies, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is observed in the form of an enhancement of pairs of same-sign charged particles with small relative four-momentum. The size of the correlated particle emission region is seen to increase significantly with the particle multiplicity of the event.
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I, Adams MR, Anghel IM, Apanasevich L, Bazterra VE, Betts RR, Callner J, Cavanaugh R, Dragoiu C, Garcia-Solis EJ, Gerber CE, Hofman DJ, Khalatian S, Lacroix F, Shabalina E, Smoron A, Strom D, Varelas N, Akgun U, Albayrak EA, Bilki B, Cankocak K, Clarida W, Duru F, Lae CK, McCliment E, Merlo JP, Mestvirishvili A, Moeller A, Nachtman J, Newsom CR, Norbeck E, Olson J, Onel Y, Ozok F, Sen S, Wetzel J, Yetkin T, Yi K, Barnett BA, Blumenfeld B, Bonato A, Eskew C, Fehling D, Giurgiu G, Gritsan AV, Guo ZJ, Hu G, Maksimovic P, Rappoccio S, Swartz M, Tran NV, Whitbeck A, Baringer P, Bean A, Benelli G, Grachov O, Murray M, Radicci V, Sanders S, Wood JS, Zhukova V, Bandurin D, Bolton T, Chakaberia I, Ivanov A, Kaadze K, Maravin Y, Shrestha S, Svintradze I, Wan Z, Gronberg J, Lange D, Wright D, Baden D, Boutemeur M, Eno SC, Ferencek D, Hadley NJ, Kellogg RG, Kirn M, Mignerey A, Rossato K, Rumerio P, Santanastasio F, Skuja A, Temple J, Tonjes MB, Tonwar SC, Twedt E, Alver B, Bauer G, Bendavid J, Busza W, Butz E, Cali IA, Chan M, D'Enterria D, Everaerts P, Gomez Ceballos G, Goncharov M, Hahn KA, Harris P, Kim Y, Klute M, Lee YJ, Li W, Loizides C, Luckey PD, Ma T, Nahn S, Paus C, Roland C, Roland G, Rudolph M, Stephans GSF, Sumorok K, Sung K, Wenger EA, Wyslouch B, Xie S, Yilmaz Y, Yoon AS, Zanetti M, Cole P, Cooper SI, Cushman P, Dahmes B, De Benedetti A, Dudero PR, Franzoni G, Haupt J, Klapoetke K, Kubota Y, Mans J, Petyt D, Rekovic V, Rusack R, Sasseville M, Singovsky A, Cremaldi LM, Godang R, Kroeger R, Perera L, Rahmat R, Sanders DA, Sonnek P, Summers D, Bloom K, Bose S, Butt J, Claes DR, Dominguez A, Eads M, Keller J, Kelly T, Kravchenko I, Lazo-Flores J, Lundstedt C, Malbouisson H, Malik S, Snow GR, Baur U, Iashvili I, Kharchilava A, Kumar A, Smith K, Strang M, Zennamo J, Alverson G, Barberis E, Baumgartel D, Boeriu O, Reucroft S, Swain J, Wood D, Zhang J, Anastassov A, Kubik A, Ofierzynski RA, Pozdnyakov A, Schmitt M, Stoynev S, Velasco M, Won S, Antonelli L, Berry D, Hildreth M, Jessop C, Karmgard DJ, Kolb J, Kolberg T, Lannon K, Lynch S, Marinelli N, Morse DM, Ruchti R, Slaunwhite J, Valls N, Warchol J, Wayne M, Ziegler J, Bylsma B, Durkin LS, Gu J, Killewald P, Ling TY, Williams G, Adam N, Berry E, Elmer P, Gerbaudo D, Halyo V, Hunt A, Jones J, Laird E, Lopes Pegna D, Marlow D, Medvedeva T, Mooney M, Olsen J, Piroué P, Stickland D, Tully C, Werner JS, Zuranski A, Acosta JG, Huang XT, Lopez A, Mendez H, Oliveros S, Ramirez Vargas JE, Zatzerklyaniy A, Alagoz E, Barnes VE, Bolla G, Borrello L, Bortoletto D, Everett A, Garfinkel AF, Gecse Z, Gutay L, Jones M, Koybasi O, Laasanen AT, Leonardo N, Liu C, Maroussov V, Merkel P, Miller DH, Neumeister N, Potamianos K, Shipsey I, Silvers D, Yoo HD, Zablocki J, Zheng Y, Jindal P, Parashar N, Cuplov V, Ecklund KM, Geurts FJM, Liu JH, Morales J, Padley BP, Redjimi R, Roberts J, Betchart B, Bodek A, Chung YS, de Barbaro P, Demina R, Flacher H, Garcia-Bellido A, Gotra Y, Han J, Harel A, Miner DC, Orbaker D, Petrillo G, Vishnevskiy D, Zielinski M, Bhatti A, Demortier L, Goulianos K, Hatakeyama K, Lungu G, Mesropian C, Yan M, Atramentov O, Gershtein Y, Gray R, Halkiadakis E, Hidas D, Hits D, Lath A, Rose K, Schnetzer S, Somalwar S, Stone R, Thomas S, Cerizza G, Hollingsworth M, Spanier S, Yang ZC, York A, Asaadi J, Eusebi R, Gilmore J, Gurrola A, Kamon T, Khotilovich V, Montalvo R, Nguyen CN, Pivarski J, Safonov A, Sengupta S, Toback D, Weinberger M, Akchurin N, Bardak C, Damgov J, Jeong C, Kovitanggoon K, Lee SW, Mane P, Roh Y, Sill A, Volobouev I, Wigmans R, Yazgan E, Appelt E, Brownson E, Engh D, Florez C, Gabella W, Johns W, Kurt P, Maguire C, Melo A, Sheldon P, Velkovska J, Arenton MW, Balazs M, Buehler M, Conetti S, Cox B, Hirosky R, Ledovskoy A, Neu C, Yohay R, Gollapinni S, Gunthoti K, Harr R, Karchin PE, Mattson M, Milstène C, Sakharov A, Anderson M, Bachtis M, Bellinger JN, Carlsmith D, Dasu S, Dutta S, Efron J, Gray L, Grogg KS, Grothe M, Hall-Wilton R, Herndon M, Klabbers P, Klukas J, Lanaro A, Lazaridis C, Leonard J, Lomidze D, Loveless R, Mohapatra A, Polese G, Reeder D, Savin A, Smith WH, Swanson J, Weinberg M. Transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions of charged hadrons in pp collisions at square root of s = 7 TeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:022002. [PMID: 20867699 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.022002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Charged-hadron transverse-momentum and pseudorapidity distributions in proton-proton collisions at square root of s = 7 TeV are measured with the inner tracking system of the CMS detector at the LHC. The charged-hadron yield is obtained by counting the number of reconstructed hits, hit pairs, and fully reconstructed charged-particle tracks. The combination of the three methods gives a charged-particle multiplicity per unit of pseudorapidity dN(ch)/dη|(|η|<0.5) = 5.78 ± 0.01(stat) ± 0.23(syst) for non-single-diffractive events, higher than predicted by commonly used models. The relative increase in charged-particle multiplicity from square root of s = 0.9 to 7 TeV is [66.1 ± 1.0(stat) ± 4.2(syst)]%. The mean transverse momentum is measured to be 0.545 ± 0.005(stat) ± 0.015(syst) GeV/c. The results are compared with similar measurements at lower energies.
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Koo H, Duarte S, Murata RM, Scott-Anne K, Gregoire S, Watson GE, Singh AP, Vorsa N. Influence of cranberry proanthocyanidins on formation of biofilms by Streptococcus mutans on saliva-coated apatitic surface and on dental caries development in vivo. Caries Res 2010; 44:116-26. [PMID: 20234135 DOI: 10.1159/000296306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranberry crude extracts, in various vehicles, have shown inhibitory effects on the formation of oral biofilms in vitro. The presence of proanthocyanidins (PAC) in cranberry extracts has been linked to biological activities against specific virulence attributes of Streptococcus mutans, e.g. the inhibition of glucosyltransferase (Gtf) activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of a highly purified and chemically defined cranberry PAC fraction on S. mutans biofilm formation on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite surface, and on dental caries development in Sprague-Dawley rats. In addition, we examined the ability of specific PAC (ranging from low-molecular-weight monomers and dimers to high-molecular-weight oligomers/polymers) to inhibit GtfB activity and glycolytic pH drop by S. mutans cells, in an attempt to identify specific bioactive compounds. Topical applications (60-second exposure, twice daily) with PAC (1.5 mg/ml) during biofilm formation resulted in less biomass and fewer insoluble polysaccharides than the biofilms treated with vehicle control had (10% ethanol, v/v; p < 0.05). The incidence of smooth-surface caries in rats was significantly reduced by PAC treatment (twice daily), and resulted in less severe carious lesions compared to the vehicle control group (p < 0.05); the animals treated with PAC also showed significantly less caries severity on sulcal surfaces (p < 0.05). Furthermore, specific A-type PAC oligomers (dimers to dodecamers; 0.1 mg/ml) effectively diminished the synthesis of insoluble glucans by GtfB adsorbed on a saliva-coated hydroxyapatite surface, and also affected bacterial glycolysis. Our data show that cranberry PAC reduced the formation of biofilms by S. mutans in vitro and dental caries development in vivo, which may be attributed to the presence of specific bioactive A-type dimers and oligomers.
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Vijayakumar PS, Selvakumar S, Gholap RS, Singh AP, Prasad BLV. Vice to virtue: intracellular biogenic nanoparticles for the generation of carbon supported catalysts. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 10:905-911. [PMID: 20352735 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2010.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular biogenic nanoparticles are considered disadvantageous as the separation of the nanoparticles from the biomass becomes intricate. However realizing the importance of carbon supported catalyst for many important organic reactions we envisaged these nanoparticles as a source for carbon supported catalyst. Herein we demonstrate the heat treatment of intracellular biogenic nanoparticles under inert atmosphere as an efficient method for the preparation of carbon supported metal oxide catalysts. Aspergillus ochraceus, a fungus isolated from foundries, on incubation with K2TiF6 led to the synthesis of intracellular titanium oxide nanoparticles. The nanoparticles embedded biomass upon heat treatment at 600 degrees C in a nitrogen environment gave titanium oxide nanoparticles implanted in a carbonaceous matrix. The material thus formed was characterized using FTIR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, HRTEM and X-ray diffraction. Appreciable benzaldehyde selectivity was observed when styrene oxidation was carried out over such immobilized catalysts. The conversion rate was determined to be 76% and the benzaldehyde selectivity was greater than 80%.
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Sidhu AS, Singh AP, Singh AP. Total hip replacement in active advanced tuberculous arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 91:1301-4. [PMID: 19794163 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.91b10.22541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe the results of cemented total hip replacement in 23 patients (23 hips) with active tuberculous arthritis of the hip with a mean follow-up of 4.7 years (4 to 7). In two patients the diagnosis was proved by pre-operative biopsy, whereas all others were diagnosed on a clinicoradiological basis with confirmation obtained by histopathological examination and polymerase chain reaction of tissue samples taken at the time of surgery. All patients received chemotherapy for at least three months before surgery and treatment was continued for a total of 18 months. Post-operative dislocation occurred in one patient and was managed successfully by closed reduction. No reactivation of the infection or loosening of the implant was recorded and function of the hip improved in all patients. Total hip replacement in the presence of active tuberculous arthritis of the hip is a safe procedure when pre-operative chemotherapy is commenced and continued for an extended period after operation.
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Singh AP, Mahajan S, Singh AP. Giant cell tumour of the proximal radius. Singapore Med J 2009; 50:e388-e390. [PMID: 19960152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A 52-year-old Indian woman presented with a progressively increasing swelling and pain in the right elbow for the past eight months, which was not associated with trauma or constitutional symptoms. The patient was diagnosed to have Campanacci grade III giant cell tumour of the proximal radius, and was treated with above elbow amputation. The patient has not shown any recurrence after five years of follow-up. The case was reported because of its rarity and the unusual site of occurrence of the tumour.
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Ravindran V, Singh AP, Mathur DS. P55 Echocardiographic evaluation of cardiac involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(09)60073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Dhir V, Singh AP, Aggarwal A, Naik S, Misra R. Increased T-lymphocyte apoptosis in lupus correlates with disease activity and may be responsible for reduced T-cell frequency: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Lupus 2009; 18:785-91. [PMID: 19578102 DOI: 10.1177/0961203309103152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis of lymphocytes is increased in patients with lupus. This may be pathogenic leading to increased load of autoantigens or may be a bystander effect of immune activation. A major unresolved issue is whether apoptosis is related to disease activity. Also its association with lymphocyte frequencies, anti-nucleosomal antibodies and serum IL 10 levels needs to be explored further. The aims of this study are to measure T- and B-lymphocyte apoptosis in patients with lupus and look at the effect of disease activity in a cross-sectional and longitudinal design and to determine frequency of T and B cells, level of anti-nucleosomal antibodies and serum IL 10 and assess their relationship with apoptosis. This study included 41 patients with SLE and 20 controls. A cutoff value of 4 in systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) was used to separate active from inactive SLE. The frequency and degree of apoptosis of T and B lymphocyte were enumerated by flow cytometry using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stained with CD3/CD19 and annexin V/PI. The data for T/B cell frequency are represented as % of these cells in the PBMC population, whereas percentage of apoptotic cells is out of total T or B cells. Serum anti-nucleosomal antibodies and IL 10 were assayed using ELISA. A repeat assessment of these parameters was carried out in 11 active patients when they became inactive. We found higher T-lymphocyte apoptosis in patients with SLE versus controls (14.8 +/- 9.2, 7.2 +/- 3.0; P < 0.05) and a lower frequency of T cells (72.7 +/- 12.6, 79.9 +/- 5.8; P < 0.05). T-lymphocyte apoptosis was higher in patients with active disease compared with inactive (18.5 +/- 11.3, 11.6 +/- 5.4; P = 0.05). Further, T-lymphocyte apoptosis directly correlated with SLEDAI (r = 0.37, P < 0.05) and inversely with T-cell frequency (r = -0.29, P < 0.05). Anti-nucleosomal antibodies correlated with SLEDAI but not apoptosis. On longitudinal follow-up, a decline in T-cell apoptosis was seen in patients with SLE, however this was not statistically significant. We confirmed a higher degree of apoptosis in T-lymphocytes in patients with SLE and found a direct correlation of T-cell apoptosis with disease activity. Patients had reduced T-cell frequency, which inversely correlated with T-cell apoptosis and may suggest a cause-effect relationship.
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Aggarwal AN, Dhammi IK, Singh AP, Kumar S, Goyal MK. Tubercular osteomyelitis of the clavicle: a report of four cases. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2009; 17:123-6. [PMID: 19398810 DOI: 10.1177/230949900901700128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the clinicoradiological features of tuberculosis in the clavicle in 4 patients. The patients' ages ranged from 9 months to 29 years. All patients were managed with antitubercular drug therapy for one year and one underwent surgical debridement and curettage as well. Clinicians should be aware of the varied presentation (pain, non-healing ulcer, abscess, multifocal osteoarticular tuberculosis) of this condition. With the worldwide resurgence of tuberculosis, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion. The diagnosis of osteoarticular tuberculosis is usually made on clinico-radiological features.
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Singh AP, Harada S, Mishina Y. Downstream genes of Sox8 that would affect adult male fertility. Sex Dev 2009; 3:16-25. [PMID: 19339814 DOI: 10.1159/000200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells provide nutritional and physical support to germ cells during spermatogenesis. Sox8 encodes a high mobility group transcription factor closely related to Sox9 and Sox10. Sertoli cells produceSOX8 protein, and its elimination results in an age-dependent deregulation of spermatogenesis resulting in male infertility. This suggests that Sox8 is a critical regulator of Sertoli cell function for the maintenance of male fertility beyond the first wave of spermatogenesis. To better understand the roles of Sox8 in testicular development and maintenance of male fertility, we have performed a detailed analysis to explore its downstream genes. We have used mRNA expression profiling to identify affected genes in Sertoli cells in the mutant testes of 2-month-old mice. Expression profiling of the heterozygous and homozygous Sox8 mutant testes indicates alterations in several important spermatogenesis and blood-testis barrier genes, providing insight into the molecular basis of the defects in Sox8(-/-) testes beyond the first wave of spermatogenesis.
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Wilson T, Meyers SL, Singh AP, Limburg PJ, Vorsa N. Favorable glycemic response of type 2 diabetics to low-calorie cranberry juice. J Food Sci 2009; 73:H241-5. [PMID: 19021808 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fruit and vegetable intake is typically low for type 2 diabetics, possibly due to a perceived adverse effect on glycemic control. Cranberry juice (CBJ) may represent an attractive means for increasing fruit intake and simultaneously affording positive health benefits. This single cross-over design compared metabolic responses of type 2 diabetics (n= 12) to unsweetened low-calorie CBJ (LCCBJ; 19 Cal/240 mL), carbohydrate sweetened normal calorie CBJ (NCCBJ; 120 Cal/240 mL), isocaloric low-calorie sugar water control (LCC), and isocaloric normal calorie sugar water control (NCC) interventions. CBJ flavonols and anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins were quantified with HPLC, LC-MS, and MALDI-TOF that includes an original characterization of several large oligomeric proanthocyanidins. Blood glucose peaked 30 min postingestion after NCCBJ and NCC at 13.3 +/- 0.5 and 12.8 +/- 0.9 (mmol/L), and these responses were significantly greater than the LCCBJ and LCC peaks of 8.1 +/- 0.5 and 8.7 +/- 0.5, respectively. Differences in glycemic response remained significant 60 min, but not 120 min postingestion. Plasma insulin values 60 min postingestion for NCCBJ and NCC interventions were 140 +/- 19 and 151 +/- 18 (pmol/L), respectively, and significantly greater than the LCCBJ and LCC values of 56 +/- 10 and 54 +/- 10; differences were not significant 120 min postingestion. Metabolic responses within the 2 high and 2 low-calorie beverages were virtually identical; however, exposure to potentially beneficial nutrients was greater with CBJ. Relative to conventionally sweetened preparation, LCCBJ provides a favorable metabolic response and should be useful for promoting increased fruit consumption among type 2 diabetics or others wishing to limit carbohydrate intake.
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Yan Q, Purkayastha A, Singh AP, Li H, Li A, Ramanujan RV, Ramanath G. High-coercivity FePt nanoparticle assemblies embedded in silica thin films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:025609. [PMID: 19417278 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/2/025609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The ability to process assemblies using thin film techniques in a scalable fashion would be a key to transmuting the assemblies into manufacturable devices. Here, we embed FePt nanoparticle assemblies into a silica thin film by sol-gel processing. Annealing the thin film composite at 650 degrees C transforms the chemically disordered fcc FePt phase into the fct phase, yielding magnetic coercivity values H(c)>630 mT. The positional order of the particles is retained due to the protection offered by the silica host. Such films with assemblies of high-coercivity magnetic particles are attractive for realizing new types of ultra-high-density data storage devices and magneto-composites.
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Singh RK, Lange TS, Kim KK, Singh AP, Vorsa N, Brard L. Isothiocyanate NB7M causes selective cytotoxicity, pro-apoptotic signalling and cell-cycle regression in ovarian cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:1823-31. [PMID: 19002174 PMCID: PMC2600706 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present report identifies indole-3-ethyl isothiocyanate NB7M as a potent cytotoxic agent with selective activity against cell lines derived from various tumour types. Ovarian cancer cell lines showed sensitivity to NB7M (60–70% cytotoxicity at 2.5 μM), in contrast to control cells (TCL-1 and HTR-8; IC50 ∼15 μM). In a screen performed by the National Cancer Institute (NCI) (NCI60 cancer cell-line assay) NB7M (NSC746077) reduced growth up to 100% with an IC50 between 0.1 and 10 μM depending on the cell line studied. Using SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells as a model, mechanisms of cytotoxicity were analysed. NB7M caused hallmarks of apoptosis such as PARP-1 deactivation, chromatin condensation, DNA nicks, activation of caspases-9, -8, -3, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane depolarisation potential and upregulation of pro-apoptotic mitogen activated protein kinases (p38, SAP/JNK). NB7M downregulated phosphorylation of prosurvival kinases (PI-3K, AKT, IKKα), transcription factor NF-κB, and expression of DNA-Pk and AXL receptor tyrosine kinase. Subcytotoxic doses of NB7M inhibited DNA synthesis, caused G1-phase cell-cycle arrest and upregulated p27 expression. The present report suggests that NB7M is a selective cytotoxic agent in vitro for cell lines derived from ovarian and certain other tumours. In addition, NB7M acts as a growth/cell-cycle-suppressing agent and may be developed as a potential therapeutic drug to treat ovarian cancer.
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Banerjee S, Kalena GP, Banerji A, Singh AP. New synthetic precocenoids as potential insect control agents. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY 2008; 29:951-957. [PMID: 19297999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ageratochromes or precocenes are known for their insect growth regulating (IGR) activity. The present investigation was taken up with an objective to look for the lead structure in these compounds which can be elaborated synthetically to obtain useful growth regulators for practical purposes. With this in mind, some variants of precocenes were synthesized in the laboratory and tested for their toxicity and growth regulating activity using red cotton bug Dysdercus koenigii as the test insect. Most of the precocenoids showed toxicity of various degree and metamorphic derangements to different extents. Adults emerging from treated nymphs could not complete the normal life span. Among the compounds tested 8-acetyl-7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-dimethylchromene (alloevodinol) was more toxic and also showed developmental defects at very low dose such as 0.5 mg l(-1)/nymph. Precocene II (6, 7-dimethoxy-2, 2-dimethylchromene) was used as the standard compound. It was the least toxic and showed effects at 30 mg l(-1)/nymph.
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Singh AP, Castranio T, Scott G, Guo D, Harris MA, Ray M, Harris SE, Mishina Y. Influences of reduced expression of maternal bone morphogenetic protein 2 on mouse embryonic development. Sex Dev 2008; 2:134-41. [PMID: 18769073 DOI: 10.1159/000143431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Accepted: 06/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) was originally found by its osteoinductive ability, and recent genetic analyses have revealed that it plays critical roles during early embryogenesis, cardiogenesis, decidualization as well as skeletogenesis. In the course of evaluation of the conditional allele for Bmp2, we found that the presence of a neo cassette, a selection marker needed for gene targeting events in embryonic stem cells, in the 3' untranslated region of exon 3 of Bmp2, reduced the expression levels of Bmp2 both in embryonic and maternal mouse tissues. Some of the embryos that were genotyped as transheterozygous for the floxed allele with the neo cassette over the conventional null allele (fn/-) showed a lethal phenotype including defects in cephalic neural tube closure and ventral abdominal wall closure. The number of embryos exhibiting these abnormalities was increased when, due to different genotypes, expression levels of Bmp2 in maternal tissues were lower. These results suggest that the expression levels of Bmp2 in both embryonic and maternal tissues influence the normal neural tube closure and body wall closure with different thresholds.
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Abstract
This case report is an insight in to pediatric traumatology whereby bilateral greenstick fracture of condyle is used as a means to discuss the incidence and anatomic considerations for the management of the same, highlighting the fact that dental surgeons require a unique understanding of the anatomy, growth considerations, healing pattern and operative management involving minimal manipulation while managing pediatric facial fractures.
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Trivedi JK, Goel D, Sharma S, Singh AP, Sinha PK, Tandon R. Cognitive functions in stable schizophrenia & euthymic state of bipolar disorder. Indian J Med Res 2007; 126:433-439. [PMID: 18160747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Some cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders persist after the subsidence of active symptoms. We carried out this study to assess and compare the cognitive functioning of patients with stable schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. METHODS Fifteen each of stable maintained schizophrenic patients and euthymic bipolar-I patients attending outpatient clinic in a tertiary care psychiatric hospital in north India were included in the study as also equal number of age and education matched control subjects. Cognitive assessments were done using Wisconsin's Card Sorting Test (WCST), Spatial Working Memory Test (SWMT) and Continuous Performance Test (CPT). RESULTS Stable schizophrenia patients performed poorly on all the neurocognitive parameters as compared to both controls and bipolar euthymic patients. Euthymic bipolar patients showed significant difference on executive functions with normal controls. Patterns of cognitive disturbances in tasks of executive function are similar in both groups but are quantitatively more marked in schizophrenia. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that stable schizophrenia patients performed significantly worse on cognitive measures than patients of euthymic bipolar disorder which was consistent with their poorer functional outcome. The results further indicated that stable schizophrenia and euthymic bipolar disorders may be distinguished qualitatively in neuropsychological terms with different profiles of cognitive impairment.
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Abstract
Haemangioma is a common benign soft tissue tumour. Intramuscular haemangiomas are rare but pose quite a diagnostic challenge. An intramuscular haemangioma can be confused with other soft tissue swellings including abscess. We present a case report of swelling around the knee in an adolescent patient, which was ultimately diagnosed and treated as intramuscular haemangioma of the quadriceps muscle.
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Agarwal R, Singh AP, Aggarwal AN. Pulmonary oedema complicating snake bite due to Bungarus caeruleus. Singapore Med J 2007; 48:e227-30. [PMID: 17657372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is an unusual manifestation of severe neurotoxic snake envenoming and is previously unreported with snake bites due to kraits. We describe a 26-year-old male Indian farmer who developed cardiogenic pulmonary oedema after neurotoxic snake envenoming by Bungarus caeruleus (Indian krait). We also review the literature on cardiac manifestations, the possible mechanisms and treatment of patients with cardiotoxicity accompanying neurotoxic snake envenoming. Cardiac involvement can complicate the course of snakebites. Recognition of cardiac involvement can warn the emergency physician and intensivist to be cautious, and anticipate the complications, such as pulmonary oedema, so that they can be rapidly and appropriately managed.
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Andrianifahanana M, Singh AP, Nemos C, Ponnusamy MP, Moniaux N, Mehta PP, Varshney GC, Batra SK. IFN-gamma-induced expression of MUC4 in pancreatic cancer cells is mediated by STAT-1 upregulation: a novel mechanism for IFN-gamma response. Oncogene 2007; 26:7251-61. [PMID: 17525742 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
MUC4 is a transmembrane mucin, which is aberrantly expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma with no detectable expression in the normal pancreas. Here, we present a novel mechanism of IFN-gamma-induced expression of MUC4 in pancreatic cancer cells. Our studies highlight the upregulation of STAT-1 as a basis for MUC4 induction and demonstrate that its activation and upregulation by IFN-gamma are two distinct, albeit temporally integrated, signalling events that drive the selective induction of IRF-1 and MUC4, respectively, within a single cell system. The profile of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 gene induction by IFN-gamma is consistent with its rapid transactivation by phospho-Y701-STAT-1. In contrast, the induction of the MUC4 mucin gene expression is relatively delayed, and occurs only in response to an increase in STAT-1 expression. A progressive binding of STAT-1 to various gamma-interferon-activated sequences (GAS) in the MUC4 promoter is observed in chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, indicating its direct association. Stimulation of STAT-1 expression by double-stranded polynucleotides or ectopic expression is shown to induce MUC4 expression, without Y701 phosphorylation of STAT-1. This effect is abrogated by short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated inhibition of STAT-1 expression, supporting further the relevance of STAT-1 in MUC4 regulation. In conclusion, our findings identify a novel mechanism for MUC4 regulation in pancreatic cancer cells and unfold new perspectives on the foundation of IFN-gamma-dependent gene regulation.
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Das S, Kolher RP, Mane BG, Singh JPN, Singh AP. Chikungunya epidemic: global and Indian scenario. THE JOURNAL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2007; 39:37-43. [PMID: 18338715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya is a disease of zoonotic importance affecting man with non-human primates as a main reservoir. Recently the world has seen its outbreaks in Asia and Africa affecting large population. The disease has re-emerged after 2 long decades. Other part of the world reported it as a disease which is introduced through travelers. The known vectors of Chikungunya are Aedes mosquitoes, notably Aedes aegypti and A. albopiticus. Although, the people of rural areas are among more risk groups, the disease spread very rapidly among urban population. The disease shows epidemic pattern with severe arthralgia and usually without any mortality but in the recent outbreak it has shown mortality also. Thus it is the major cause of public health concern. Understanding the public health significance of disease, there is a need of continuous monitoring and surveillance of the virus in both human and animal population.
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Ranger CM, Singh AP, Johnson-Cicalese J, Polavarapu S, Vorsa N. Intraspecific Variation in Aphid Resistance and Constitutive Phenolics Exhibited by the Wild Blueberry Vaccinium darrowi. J Chem Ecol 2007; 33:711-29. [PMID: 17333374 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-007-9258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2006] [Accepted: 01/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Illinoia pepperi (MacGillivray) infests cultivated highbush blueberries, Vaccinium corymbosum L., in the Northeastern United States. Allopatric resistance to I. pepperi was examined in Vaccinium darrowi Camp, which evolved in the absence of I. pepperi in the Southeastern U.S. V. corymbosum cv. "Elliott", was used as a susceptible control. Between population variability in I. pepperi resistance was assessed by measuring length of the prereproductive period, fecundity, and survivorship on 14 V. darrowi accessions representing 11 discrete wild populations. Length of I. pepperi's prereproductive period and survivorship were not significantly affected. However, differences were detected in fecundity and the intrinsic rate of increase (r ( m )). Within population variability in resistance was measured by confining first instars to 24 accessions from a single wild population of V. darrowi (NJ88-06). Significant differences in the mean total number of aphids occurring after 20 d were only detected between 2 of the 24 V. darrowi accessions. A greater degree of diversity in I. pepperi resistance exists between populations of V. darrowi compared to within a population. Constitutive leaf and stem polyphenolics were identified by HPLC-MS and quantified from 14 of the V. darrowi accessions. The accessions varied in concentrations of five phenolic acids and seven flavonol glycosides, but a correlation was not found between individual or total phenolics and aphid performance. Overall, screening within and between populations of V. darrowi identified promising sources of aphid resistance, but phenolic acid and flavonol glycoside profiles did not predict resistance levels. The mechanism of resistance remains to be identified.
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Singh AP, Tewari M, Singh DK, Shukla HS. Cervical Epidural Anesthesia: A Safe Alternative to General Anesthesia for Patients Undergoing Cancer Breast Surgery. World J Surg 2006; 30:2043-7; discussion 2048-9. [PMID: 16927058 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-006-0117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND General anesthesia (GA) is the standard anesthesia for patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM) for breast cancer. Cervical epidural anesthesia (CEA) is practiced less often because of its reported complications. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CEA as an anesthetic technique for MRM. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty breast cancer patients with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) grade I or II underwent MRM under CEA from September 2004 to January 2006. Anesthesia was induced with 10 ml of 1% lignocaine; adrenaline was administered through an 18-gauge catheter in C(6)-C(7) or C(7)-T(1) epidural space. Postoperative analgesia was maintained with 0.125% bupivacaine through the epidural catheter. RESULTS In 49 (98%) patients surgery was conducted smoothly under CEA with good analgesia. 44 patients were awake during surgery. Five patients had to be given intravenous sedation with midazolam, and in one case the procedure was terminated after accidental dura puncture. There were no clinically significant variations in perioperative pulse and respiratory rate, and there was no fall in mean arterial blood pressure during the procedure. The mean preoperative anesthesia time and total cost of the procedure was 20.36 + 2.75 minutes and 12.19 + 2.2 pound, respectively. All patients were started on a liquid diet and mobilized 4 hours after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Cervical epidural anesthesia is a safe alternative to GA and was preferred by our patients because of its lower cost and reduced perioperative morbidity.
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Singh AP, Chauhan SC, Andrianifahanana M, Moniaux N, Meza JL, Copin MC, van Seuningen I, Hollingsworth MA, Aubert JP, Batra SK. MUC4 expression is regulated by cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells via transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms. Oncogene 2006; 26:30-41. [PMID: 16799633 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
MUC4 mucin is a high molecular weight transmembrane glycoprotein that plays important roles in tumour biology. It is aberrantly expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma, while not being detectable in the normal pancreas. Previous studies have demonstrated that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel that is defective in CF, is implicated in multiple cellular functions, including gene regulation. In the present study, using a CFTR-defective pancreatic cancer cell line and its derived subline expressing functional CFTR, we report that MUC4 expression is negatively regulated by CFTR. Short-interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of CFTR also leads to an increased expression of MUC4. Additionally, our results suggest that CFTR-mediated regulation of MUC4 is cell density-dependent and is achieved by transcriptional and posttranslational mechanisms. Moreover, in a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines and normal pancreas, we observed that CFTR was downregulated in pancreatic cancer cells and negatively correlated with MUC4 in most cases. An aberrant expression of MUC4 was also detected in the CF pancreas. Downregulation of CFTR in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its inverse association with the tumour-linked mucin, MUC4, indicate novel function(s) of CFTR in pancreatic tumour biology and suggest the implication of new signalling pathway(s) in MUC4 regulation.
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Gupta PK, Singh AP. Disaster management for Nandira watershed district Angul (Orissa) India, using temporal Remote Sensing data and GIS. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2005; 104:425-36. [PMID: 15932001 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-005-1678-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
NALCO--the largest exporter of aluminium in India has a power plant of 720 MW capacity in Nandira watershed in Angul district of Orissa. The power plant utilises local coal to generate thermal power and disposes of large amount of ash which accumulates in slurry form at nearby two ash ponds. These ash ponds were breached on 31 December 2000, causing ash accumulation for entire regime of the Nandira river. An attempt has been made towards preparation of recovery and rehabilitation plan for NALCO using temporal Remote Sensing data and GIS. Indian remote sensing satellite data for pre-breach condition 12 December 2000, during breach event 31 December 2000 and post-breach condition 4 and 6 January 2001 has been digitally analysed for Nandira watershed. The satellite data of coarse spatial resolution provides the absence and presence of fresh sediment deposition along Nandira watershed and Brahmani river pertaining to pre-breach and post-breach conditions respectively on regional scales. The temporal comparison of fine resolution has clearly highlighted the aerial extent of damage caused by the disaster for entire watershed on local scales. The GIS has helped in demarcation of freshly accumulated ash at interval of 500 m along the river length as well as in delineation of maximum ash accumulation across the river width. The study has clearly demonstrated the use of temporal Remote Sensing data in conjunction with GIS for disaster management in terms of recovery and rehabilitation plan preparation of the Nandira watershed.
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Muthukrishnan J, Varadarajulu R, Mehta SR, Singh AP. Distal spinal muscular atrophy. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2003; 51:1113-5. [PMID: 15260402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophies (SMA) are clinically heterogenous group of motor system disorders characterised by progressive pure lower motor neuron involvement. The distal form of SMA is an extremely rare disorder, which presents in the adults and has a relatively slow progression with almost no effect on the patients' life-span. Differential diagnosis of this syndrome include other forms of neuromuscular disorders with peroneal muscular atrophy like hereditary motor sensory neuropathy (HMSN) and distal myopathies, which need exclusion before confirming this rare entity. We present a young male with this disorder and briefly discuss the theoretical aspects.
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Singh AP, Patel K, Sergides Y, Love K, Purushotham AD. Merkel cell carcinoma associated with lobular carcinoma of the breast presenting synchronously within the same lymph node. JOURNAL OF B.U.ON. : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE BALKAN UNION OF ONCOLOGY 2003; 8:393-5. [PMID: 17472284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
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Neitzel H, Kalscheuer V, Singh AP, Henschel S, Sperling K. Copy and paste: the impact of a new non-L1 retroposon on the gonosomal heterochromatin of Microtus agrestis. Cytogenet Genome Res 2003; 96:179-85. [PMID: 12438796 DOI: 10.1159/000063036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile elements are most abundant in the mammalian genome, comprising at least 40-50% of the DNA. They are differentiated into two most prominent families: the LINE elements, which are preferentially located in the G-bands, and SINES, which are clustered in the R-bands. We report here a novel mammalian non-L1-retroposon, which invaded the genome of Microtus agrestis in a very short time from an evolutionary viewpoint. No relevant sequence homology could be demonstrated to known sequences in the NCBI database. However, cross-hybridizing sequences exist in the genomes of all other Microtus species analyzed, but not in Mus musculus, indicating the recent evolutionary origin of this element. This retroposon is enriched in the entire heterochromatin of the X and Y chromosomes, but is also interspersed in autosomal locations in euchromatic portions of the genome. We show that the retroposon is heavily transcribed from the heterochromatin during female meiosis prerequisite for the subsequent retrotransposition. The estimated rate of retrotransposition is at least 1-2 x 10(-2) per generation, which is hundred-fold higher than that of the majority of invertebrate retroposons and also higher than the transposition rate of a murine L1 element, which was calculated to be 3 x 10(-3) per generation.
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Prakash MS, Baliga KV, Singh AP, Mishra DK. Non-secretory multiple myeloma with hypercalcemic acute renal failure. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2002; 50:1330-1. [PMID: 12568228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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Bhat G, Mathur DS, Saxena GN, Jain S, Singh AP, Bhaduria D. Granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system associated with herpes zoster. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2002; 50:977-8. [PMID: 12126361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Granulomatous angiitis of central nervous system (CNS) is a rare inflammatory disease of blood vessels mostly confined to CNS. We describe a case which presented with right sided hemiplegia with aphasia, after herpes zoster ophthalmicus. CT scan and MRI brain showed a large left sided infarct in the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory. MRI angiography revealed narrowing and thinning of left internal carotid artery (ICA) and to a lesser extent, left MCA suggestive of granulomatous vasculitis. Herpes zoster is often associated with major CNS involvement and a vascular etiology was previously postulated. Recent pathological reports suggest that cerebral angiitis secondary to herpes virus infection may be more common than realised.
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Singh P, Singh AP. Thalamic and ganglionic abscesses: a report of two cases: letter to editor. Neurol India 2002; 50:225-6. [PMID: 12134200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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Mohan A, Singh AP, Mandal MK. Transfer and interference of motor skills in people with intellectual disability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2001; 45:361-369. [PMID: 11489058 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2788.2001.00341.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Atypical laterality (i.e. the lack of a clear pattern of lateralization) has been found to be a characteristic feature of individuals with intellectual disability (ID). The evidence for this has been based on 'handedness' studies which have contained little information about the ability of people with ID to carry out interhemispheric tasks reflecting bilateral transfer or interference. The present study examined this capacity in individuals with ID by utilizing bilateral transfer and interference paradigms. Right-handed subjects with ID (IQ = 55-76) and controls matched for age and sex were tested for bilateral transfer of motor skill in contralateral hands with a mirror-drawing task. The subjects were also tested for their ability to perform a finger-tapping task while processing verbal and non-verbal stimuli. The findings indicated that people with ID are significantly deficient relative to matched controls in bilateral transfer of motor skills from their non-preferred (left) hand to their preferred (right) one. The effect of interference during performance of the dual task was significantly greater in individuals with ID. Subjects with ID were found to perform better with their non-preferred than with their preferred hand. A within-group comparison revealed that right-handed performance was more affected by interference than left in these subjects.
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Singh P, Singh AP, Rajaram T, Sabhikhi AK. Extramedullary astrocytoma of conus region : a short report. Neurol India 2001; 49:97-9. [PMID: 11303255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
A 55 year old man presented with features of cauda equina syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a well demarcated intradural extramedullary tumour at L2 vertebra. At surgery it was found to be well encapsulated and had no attachment to spinal cord or root. Histopathology including immunohistochemistry confirmed it to be a low grade astrocytoma.
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Chong SH, Götze W, Singh AP. Mode-coupling theory for the glassy dynamics of a diatomic probe molecule immersed in a simple liquid. PHYSICAL REVIEW E 2001; 63:011206. [PMID: 11304245 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.011206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2000] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Generalizing the mode-coupling theory for ideal liquid-glass transitions, equations of motion are derived for the correlation functions describing the glassy dynamics of a diatomic probe molecule immersed in a simple glass-forming system. The molecule is described in the interaction-site representation and the equations are solved for a dumbbell molecule consisting of two fused hard spheres in a hard-sphere system. The results for the molecule's arrested position in the glass state and the reorientational correlators for angular-momentum index l=1 and l=2 near the glass transition are compared with those obtained previously within a theory based on a tensor-density description of the molecule in order to demonstrate that the two approaches yield equivalent results. For strongly hindered reorientational motion, the dipole-relaxation spectra for the alpha process can be mapped on the dielectric-loss spectra of glycerol if a rescaling is performed according to a suggestion by Dixon et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 65, 1108 (1990)]. It is demonstrated that the glassy dynamics is independent of the molecule's inertia parameters.
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Mandal AK, Singh AP, Rao L, Singh L, Hornby S, Jones B. Roberts pseudothalidomide syndrome. ARCHIVES OF OPHTHALMOLOGY (CHICAGO, ILL. : 1960) 2000; 118:1462-3. [PMID: 11030842 DOI: 10.1001/archopht.118.10.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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140
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Singh P, Singh AP, Rajaram T, Sabhikhi AK. Paraganglioma of cauda equina: a case report. Neurol India 2000; 48:290-2. [PMID: 11025640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Histopathologically and immunologically confirmed case of paraganglioma of cauda equina region is described.
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Götze W, Singh AP, Voigtmann T. Reorientational relaxation of a linear probe molecule in a simple glassy liquid. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 2000; 61:6934-6949. [PMID: 11088386 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.6934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Within the mode-coupling theory (MCT) for the evolution of structural relaxation in glass-forming liquids, correlation functions and susceptibility spectra are calculated characterizing the rotational dynamics of a top-down symmetric dumbbell molecule, consisting of two fused hard spheres immersed in a hard-sphere system. It is found that for sufficiently large dumbbell elongations, the dynamics of the probe molecule follows the same universal glass-transition scenario as known from the MCT results of simple liquids. The alpha-relaxation process of the angular-index j=1 response is stronger, slower, and less stretched than the one for j=2, in qualitative agreement with results found by dielectric-loss and depolarized-light-scattering spectroscopy for some supercooled liquids. For sufficiently small elongations, the reorientational relaxation occurs via large-angle flips, and the standard scenario for the glass-transition dynamics is modified for odd-j responses due to precursor phenomena of a nearby type-A MCT transition. In this case, a major part of the relaxation outside the transient regime is described qualitatively by the beta-relaxation scaling laws, while the alpha-relaxation scaling law is strongly disturbed.
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Chadha DS, Handa A, Sharma SK, Varadarajulu P, Singh AP. Seizures in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2000; 48:573-6. [PMID: 11273532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the significance of new onset seizure in patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. METHODS Patients infected with HIV with the new onset seizure were enrolled in the study. Seizure type was classified. Adequate work up was done to search for a cause of their initial seizure. All patients were administered antiepileptic drugs in addition those detected to have treatable opportunistic infection were treated for the same. RESULTS A total of 455 patients of HIV infection were admitted to this centre during study period, of these twenty three patients had new onset seizures. Seizures were generalized tonic-clonic in fifteen patients (65.21%), partial motor in six patients (26.08%) and partial motor with secondary generalization in two patients (8.69%). Recurrence of seizures was observed in 69.56% patients. Identified causes included cerebral toxoplasmosis in seven patients (30.43%), cryptococcal meningitis in four (17.39%), tuberculoma in three (13.04%), AIDS dementia complex in one (4.34%) and progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy in one (4.34%). In seven patients (30.43%) seizures were not associated with any identifiable cause. Phenytoin was used for control of seizures and no side effects to the drug were noted during the brief period of follow up. CONCLUSION Majority of patients with HIV infection and new onset seizures have secondary brain lesion as the cause of seizure. High rate of seizure recurrence mandates therapy of solitary seizure in patients with HIV infection.
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Singh AP, Latombe JC, Brutlag DL. A motion planning approach to flexible ligand binding. PROCEEDINGS. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS FOR MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2000:252-61. [PMID: 10786308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Most computational models of protein-ligand interactions consider only the energetics of the final bound state of the complex and do not examine the dynamics of the ligand as it enters the binding site. We have developed a novel technique for studying the dynamics of protein-ligand interactions based on motion planning algorithms from the field of robotics. Our algorithm uses electrostatic and van der Waals potentials to compute the most energetically favorable path between any given initial and goal ligand configurations. We use probabilistic motion planning to sample the distribution of possible paths to a given goal configuration and compute an energy-based "difficulty weight" for each path. By statistically averaging this weight over several randomly generated starting configurations, we compute the relative difficulty of entering and leaving a given binding configuration. This approach yields details of the energy contours around the binding site and can be used to characterize and predict good binding sites. Results from tests with three protein-ligand complexes indicate that our algorithm is able to detect energy barriers around the true binding site that distinguish this site from other predicted low-energy binding sites.
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Singh P, Batish VK, Sarup S, Singh A, Singh AP. SPHINCTER INVOLVEMENT IN LUMBAR DISC HERNIATION. Med J Armed Forces India 2000; 56:117-121. [PMID: 28790673 PMCID: PMC5531999 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30125-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of 30 operated cases of prolapsed lumbar disc with cauda equina syndrome was carried out. 27 were male and 3 were female. Age varied from 27 to 60 years. 10 were acute presentation and 20 had previous history of backache-sciatica syndrome. The most common sphincter dysfunction was urinary retention and other neurological findings, pointing to sphincter involvement were impairment of sensation in the perineum, lax anal sphincter and absent superficial anal reflex. The other motor or sensory deficit depended on level of disc herniation. The majority of our patients reached us between 7-14 days after onset of sphincter dysfunction. Emergency myelogram was the most common investigation done and L 4/5 was most common disc herniation. Emergency surgery was done in 24 cases and semi emergency in 6 cases. Patients were followed up and at 1 year follow-up 12 had recovered fully, 7 partially and in rest 11 patients there was no significant improvement in sphincter functions.
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Xiao Y, Wakeling RN, Singh AP. Use of confocal microscopy in examining fungi and bacteria in wood. BIOFOULING 2000; 15:231-239. [PMID: 22115307 DOI: 10.1080/08927010009386313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
When used in conjunction with digital image processing techniques, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) enables non-invasive optical sectioning, allowing micromorphologies of wood decay to be examined at any depth within a relatively thick (0.05-0.1 mm) wood specimen without incision. In this study, the use of specially tailored multi-fluorescent staining techniques with CLSM produced new information concerning spatial relationships between fungi and bacteria and the wood substrate, particularly in regard to their 3D characteristics. Glutaraldehyde fixation and a chitin fluorescent probe were used to locate fungal hyphae in wood. Bacteria colonising wood were examined using a fluorescent phospholipid probe. By counterstaining wood with this probe and a fluorescent dye specific for Gram-positive bacteria, it was possible to clearly distinguish Gram types through simultaneous, multichannel fluorescent CLSM imaging. The combination of glutaraldehyde fixation and phospholipid probing proved to be reliable for detecting wood-degrading bacteria in wood cell walls.
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Singh P, Singh AP. Spontaneous resorption of extruded lumber disc fragment. Neurol India 1999; 47:338-9. [PMID: 10625916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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147
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Mohapatro AK, Garg MK, Dugal JS, Singh AP. Neuroelectrophysiological diagnosis of a case of neurological deficit with vomiting and diarrhoea. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 1999; 47:1218-9. [PMID: 11225237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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Singh P, Sarup S, Singh AP, Sharma AK. NON MISSILE PENETRATING INJURY OF SPINE WITH RETAINED FOREIGN BODY. Med J Armed Forces India 1999; 55:348-350. [PMID: 28790608 PMCID: PMC5531924 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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149
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Kalra SP, Chadha DS, Singh AP, Sanchetee PC, Mohapatra AK. Cryptococcal meningitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 1999; 47:958-61. [PMID: 10778686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical course and outcome of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). METHOD Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and symptoms suggestive of meningitis were evaluated with detailed history, clinical examination and investigations. Diagnosis of CM was based on positive India ink preparation or positive fungal culture of CSF. All patients were treated with amphotericin those showing response were put on oral fluconazole. RESULT A total of 431 patients with HIV infection were admitted to this centre during the study period, of these 15 were diagnosed to have CM. Majority of the patients had a subacute presentation with signs of meningeal irritation seen in only seven patients. India ink preparation and positive fungal culture on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) established diagnosis in all cases. All patients were treated with amphotericin B and fluconazole. Complete response was noticed in seven patients, two patients were lost to follow-up and six patients died during the course of therapy. Raised intracranial tension (ICT) and disseminated disease were associated with poor prognosis. CONCLUSION CM is a common opportunistic fungal infection in patients with AIDS. A high index of clinical suspicion and routine mycological surveillance is required to diagnose this infection. Majority of patients respond to therapy except those who have disseminated infection, altered sensorium and features of raised ICT at presentation.
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Garg MK, Dugal JS, Singh AP. ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC QUIZ. Med J Armed Forces India 1999; 55:333a. [PMID: 28790629 PMCID: PMC5531920 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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