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Gainar A, Tzeng MC, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Bruce DW. Incompatibility-Driven Self-Organization in Polycatenar Liquid Crystals Bearing Both Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Chains. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:8817-8828. [PMID: 28829604 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b04490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and liquid crystal properties are reported for tri- and tetra-catenar mesogens in which both hydrocarbon and semiperfluorocarbon chains have been incorporated. In the tricatenar mesogens, the lamellar spacing in the smectic C phase of the all-hydrocarbon mesogen almost doubles when the isolated hydrocarbon chain is replaced by a semiperfluorinated chain on account of the localized segregation in different sublayers between the two chain types. In the tetracatenar materials, the replacement of at least one hydrocarbon chain by semiperfluorocarbon chains is sufficient to promote columnar phase formation, but when the molecule has two hydrocarbon chains at one end and two semiperfluorocarbon chains at the other, the requirement for localized phase segregation leads to the formation of a rectangular phase with very large lattice parameters. The juxtaposition of terminal chains of different nature within the same molecular structure thus leads to a reduction in mesophase symmetry and the emergence of more complex supramolecular organization.
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Nestor ST, Heinrich B, Sykora RA, Zhang X, McManus GJ, Douce L, Mirjafari A. Methimazolium-based ionic liquid crystals: Emergence of mesomorphic properties via a sulfur motif. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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53
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Bulut I, Huaulmé Q, Mirloup A, Chávez P, Fall S, Hébraud A, Méry S, Heinrich B, Heiser T, Lévêque P, Leclerc N. Rational Engineering of BODIPY-Bridged Trisindole Derivatives for Solar Cell Applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:1878-1882. [PMID: 28326678 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201700465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and its derivatives are known to be efficient photon-harvesting chromophores. However, their study as active materials in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is still scarce. In this study, the development of new synthetic ways to design original BODIPY-based dumbbell-shape molecules, including a first 2,3,5,6-tetravinyl aromatic BODIPY molecule, is reported. High fill factors can be obtained in BHJ solar cells when blended with a fullerene derivative, leading to a new record BODIPY-based power conversion efficiency of 5.8 %.
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Heinrich B, Klein J, Delic M, Goepfert K, Engel V, Geberzahn L, Lusky M, Erbs P, Preville X, Moehler M. Immunogenicity of oncolytic vaccinia viruses JX-GFP and TG6002 in a human melanoma in vitro model: studying immunogenic cell death, dendritic cell maturation and interaction with cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2389-2401. [PMID: 28496337 PMCID: PMC5422459 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s126320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging immunotherapeutic modality for cancer treatment. Oncolytic viruses with genetic modifications can further enhance the oncolytic effects on tumor cells and stimulate antitumor immunity. The oncolytic vaccinia viruses JX-594-GFP+/hGM-CSF (JX-GFP) and TG6002 are genetically modified by secreting granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or transforming 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). We compared their properties to kill tumor cells and induce an immunogenic type of cell death in a human melanoma cell model using SK29-MEL melanoma cells. Their influence on human immune cells, specifically regarding the activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and the interaction with the autologous cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clone, was investigated. Melanoma cells were infected with either JX-GFP or TG6002 alone or in combination with 5-FC and 5-FU. The influence of viral infection on cell viability followed a time- and multiplicity of infection dependent manner. Combination of virus treatment with 5-FU resulted in stronger reduction of cell viability. TG6002 in combination with 5-FC did not significantly strengthen the reduction of cell viability in this setting. Expression of calreticulin and high mobility group 1 protein (HMGB1), markers of immunogenic cell death (ICD), could be detected after viral infection. Accordingly, DC maturation was noted after viral oncolysis. DCs presented stronger expression of activation and maturation markers. The autologous CTL clone IVSB expressed the activation marker CD69, but viral treatment failed to enhance cytotoxicity marker. In summary, vaccinia viruses JX-GFP and TG6002 lyse melanoma cells and induce additional immunostimulatory effects to promote antitumor immune response. Further investigation in vivo is needed to consolidate the data.
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Peltier JD, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Rault-Berthelot J, Jacques E, Poriel C. Electron-Deficient Dihydroindaceno-Dithiophene Regioisomers for n-Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8219-8232. [PMID: 28192671 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we wish to report the first member of a new family of organic semiconductors constructed on a meta dihydroindacenodithiophene core, that is, 2,2'-(2,8-dihexyl-4,6-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:7,6-b']dithiophene-4,6-diylidene)dimalononitrile (called meta-IDT(═C(CN)2)2). The properties of this molecule were studied in detail through a structure-properties relationship study with its regioisomer, that is, 2,2'-(2,7-dihexyl-4,9-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b']dithiophene-4,9-diylidene)dimalononitrile (para-IDT(═C(CN)2)2) (see isomer structures in blue in Chart 2). The influence of the bridge functionalization was also investigated by comparison with their diketone analogues meta-IDT(═O)2 and para-IDT(═O)2. This study sheds light on the impact of regioisomerism on the electronic properties at the molecular level (electrochemistry, absorption spectroscopy, molecular modeling) and also on the supramolecular arrangement, and finally on the organic field-effect transistors (OFET) performances and stabilities. The significant effect of self-assembled monolayers of 4-(dimethylamino)benzenethiol grafted on the gold drain and source electrodes or of the use of flexible substrate (polyethylene naphtalate) instead of glass on the OFET performances and stabilities are also reported. In the light of these results (maximum mobility reaching 7.1 × 10-2 cm2 V-1 cm-1, high IDon/IDoff of 2.3 × 107, and subthreshold swing of 1.2 V/dec), we believe that the present OFETs can be further used to construct electronic circuits.
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Knyazev AA, Karyakin ME, Romanova KA, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Galyametdinov YG. Influence of Lewis Bases on the Mesogenic and Luminescent Properties of Homogeneous Films of Europium(III) Tris(β-diketonate) Adducts. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Boudalis AK, Rogez G, Heinrich B, Raptis RG, Turek P. Towards ionic liquids with tailored magnetic properties: bmim+ salts of ferro- and antiferromagnetic CuII3 triangles. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:12263-12273. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02472j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
With proper selection of counteraction and pH control, CuII3-pyrazolate anions can form a ferromagnetic low-melting solid, or an antiferromagnetic viscous paste.
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Al Abbas A, Heinrich B, L'Her M, Couzigné E, Welter R, Douce L. Bolaamphiphilic liquid crystals based on bis-imidazolium cations. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj03590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rare examples of bolaform ionic materials containing cyanometallates and their lamellar mesomorphic supramolecular architectures are characterized.
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Xiao Y, Zeng D, Mazur LM, Castiglione A, Lacaze E, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Kreher D, Attias AJ, Ribierre JC, Mathevet F. A new class of nanostructured supramolecular organic semiconductors based on intertwined multi-lamellar co-assemblies in π-conjugated liquid-crystalline side-chain polymers. Polym J 2016. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2016.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Russo V, Pieper P, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Deschenaux R. Design, Synthesis, and Self-Assembly Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Bis-[60]Fullerodendrimers. Chemistry 2016; 22:17366-17376. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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61
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Zhao KQ, Gao Y, Yu WH, Hu P, Wang BQ, Heinrich B, Donnio B. Front Cover: Discogens Possessing Aryl Side Groups Synthesized by Suzuki Coupling of Triphenylene Triflates and Their Self-Organization Behavior (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 16/2016). European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201670161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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62
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Zhao KQ, Gao Y, Yu WH, Hu P, Wang BQ, Heinrich B, Donnio B. Discogens Possessing Aryl Side Groups Synthesized by Suzuki Coupling of Triphenylene Triflates and Their Self-Organization Behavior. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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63
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Chen C, Maldonado DH, Le Borgne D, Alary F, Lonetti B, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Moineau-Chane Ching KI. Synthesis of benzothiadiazole-based molecules via direct arylation: an eco-friendly way of obtaining small semi-conducting organic molecules. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00847j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Direct arylation proves to be a greener way than other classical methods for the coupling of benzothiadiazole with thiophene carboxaldehyde.
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Lee KJ, Woo JH, Xiao Y, Kim E, Mazur LM, Kreher D, Attias AJ, Matczyszyn K, Samoc M, Heinrich B, Méry S, Fages F, Mager L, D'Aléo A, Wu JW, Mathevet F, André P, Ribierre JC. Structure–charge transfer property relationship in self-assembled discotic liquid-crystalline donor–acceptor dyad and triad thin films. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08039a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamics of the photo-induced charge transfer are correlated with the structural properties of self-assembled discotic donor–acceptor dyad and triad films.
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Xiao Y, Su X, Sosa-Vargas L, Lacaze E, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Kreher D, Mathevet F, Attias AJ. Chemical engineering of donor–acceptor liquid crystalline dyads and triads for the controlled nanostructuration of organic semiconductors. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00365f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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66
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Trinh TMN, Nguyen TT, Kopp C, Pieper P, Russo V, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Nguyen TLA, Deschenaux R. Olefin Cross-Metathesis: a Versatile Synthetic Reaction for the Design ofJanusLiquid Crystals. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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67
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Zhao KQ, An LL, Zhang XB, Yu WH, Hu P, Wang BQ, Xu J, Zeng QD, Monobe H, Shimizu Y, Heinrich B, Donnio B. Highly Segregated Lamello-Columnar Mesophase Organizations and Fast Charge Carrier Mobility in New Discotic Donor-Acceptor Triads. Chemistry 2015; 21:10379-90. [PMID: 26095600 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Four new donor-acceptor triads (D-A-D) based on discotic and arylene mesogens have been synthesized by using Sonogashira coupling and cyclization reactions. This family of triads consists of two side-on pending triphenylene mesogens, acting as the electron-donating groups (D), laterally connected through short lipophilic spacers to a central perylenediimide (PI), benzo[ghi]perylenediimide (BI), or coronenediimide (CI) molecular unit, respectively, playing the role of the electron acceptor (A). All D-A-D triads self-organize to form a lamello-columnar oblique mesophase, with a highly segregated donor-acceptor (D-A) heterojunction organization, consequent to efficient molecular self-sorting. The structure consists in the regular alternation of two disrupted rows of triphenylene columns and a continuous row of diimine species. High-resolution STM images demonstrate that PI-TP2 forms stable 2D self-assembly nanostructures with some various degrees of regularity, whereas the other triads do not self-organize into ordered architectures. The electron-transport mobility of CI-TP2, measured by time-of-flight at 200 °C in the mesophase, is one order of magnitude higher than the hole mobility. By means of this specific molecular designing idea, we realized and demonstrated for the first time the so-called p-n heterojunction at the molecular level in which the electron-rich triphenylene columns act as the hole transient pathways, and the coronenediimide stacks form the electron-transport channels.
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Singer P, Wirth M, Berger I, Heinrich B, Gödicke W, Voigt S, Taube C, Jaross W, Gehrisch S. Long-chain omega 3 fatty acids are the most effective polyunsaturated fatty acids for dietary prevention and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusions from clinical studies. World Rev Nutr Diet 2015; 69:74-112. [PMID: 1441585 DOI: 10.1159/000421667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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69
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Reck M, Thomas M, Schuette W, Kimmich M, Rittmeyer A, Heinrich B, Yurasov S, Zimmermann A, Carter GC, Garon EB, Pérol M. Update REVEL: Eine randomisierte, doppelblinde Phase III Studie von Docetaxel (DOC) und Ramucirumab (RAM; IMC-1121B) versus DOC und Placebo (PL) in der Zweitlinienbehandlung des Nicht-Kleinzelligen Lungenkarzinoms im Stadium IV nach Progression der Erkrankung nach einer Platin-basierten Vortherapie. Pneumologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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70
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Smirnova AI, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Bruce DW. The influence of lateral fluorination and cyanation on the mesomorphism of polycatenar mesogens and the nature of the SmC phase therein. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Several series of tetracatenar mesogens having different lateral substituents (–F, –CN, –CF3) on the central ring have been synthesised and their mesomorphism investigated by polarising microscopy, DSC and small-angle X-ray scattering methods.
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71
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Pitto-Barry A, Barry NPE, Russo V, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Therrien B, Deschenaux R. Designing Supramolecular Liquid-Crystalline Hybrids from Pyrenyl-Containing Dendrimers and Arene Ruthenium Metallacycles. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:17616-25. [DOI: 10.1021/ja510338r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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72
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Charlon M, Heinrich B, Matter Y, Couzigné E, Donnio B, Avérous L. Synthesis, structure and properties of fully biobased thermoplastic polyurethanes, obtained from a diisocyanate based on modified dimer fatty acids, and different renewable diols. Eur Polym J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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73
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Nyrkova I, Moulin E, Armao JJ, Maaloum M, Heinrich B, Rawiso M, Niess F, Cid JJ, Jouault N, Buhler E, Semenov AN, Giuseppone N. Supramolecular self-assembly and radical kinetics in conducting self-replicating nanowires. ACS NANO 2014; 8:10111-10124. [PMID: 25244290 DOI: 10.1021/nn502863b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
By using a combination of experimental and theoretical tools, we elucidate unique physical characteristics of supramolecular triarylamine nanowires (STANWs), their packed structure, as well as the entire kinetics of the associated radical-controlled supramolecular polymerization process. AFM, small-angle X-ray scattering, and all-atomic computer modeling reveal the two-columnar "snowflake" internal structure of the fibers involving the π-stacking of triarylamines with alternating handedness. The polymerization process and the kinetics of triarylammonium radicals formation and decay are studied by UV-vis spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and electronic paramagnetic resonance. We fully describe these experimental data with theoretical models demonstrating that the supramolecular self-assembly starts by the production of radicals that are required for nucleation of double-columnar fibrils followed by their growth in double-strand filaments. We also elucidate nontrivial kinetics of this self-assembly process revealing sigmoid time dependency and complex self-replicating behavior. The hierarchical approach and other ideas proposed here provide a general tool to study kinetics in a large number of self-assembling fibrillar systems.
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Miguel-Coello AB, Bardají M, Coco S, Donnio B, Heinrich B, Espinet P. H-bonded adducts of [2,4,6-{(C10H21O)3C6H2NH}3C3N3] with [LnM{PPh2(C6H4CO2H)}] displaying Columnar Mesophases at Room Temperature. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10893-902. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501039n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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75
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von Minckwitz G, Loibl S, Untch M, Eidtmann H, Rezai M, Fasching PA, Tesch H, Eggemann H, Schrader I, Kittel K, Hanusch C, Huober J, Solbach C, Jackisch C, Kunz G, Blohmer JU, Hauschild M, Fehm T, Nekljudova V, Gerber B, Gnauert K, Heinrich B, Prätz T, Groh U, Tanzer H, Villena C, Tulusan A, Liedtke B, Blohmer JU, Kittel K, Mau C, Potenberg J, Schilling J, Just M, Weiss E, Bückner U, Wolfgarten M, Lorenz R, Doering G, Feidicker S, Krabisch P, Deichert U, Augustin D, Kunz G, Kast K, von Minckwitz G, Nestle-Krämling C, Rezai M, Höß C, Terhaag J, Fasching P, Staib P, Aktas B, Kühn T, Khandan F, Möbus V, Solbach C, Tesch H, Stickeler E, Heinrich G, Wagner H, Abdallah A, Dewitz T, Emons G, Belau A, Rethwisch V, Lantzsch T, Thomssen C, Mattner U, Nugent A, Müller V, Noesselt T, Holms F, Müller T, Deuker JU, Schrader I, Strumberg D, Uleer C, Solomayer E, Runnebaum I, Link H, Tomé O, Ulmer HU, Conrad B, Feisel-Schwickardi G, Eidtmann H, Schumacher C, Steinmetz T, Bauerfeind I, Kremers S, Langanke D, Kullmer U, Ober A, Fischer D, Kohls A, Weikel W, Bischoff J, Freese K, Schmidt M, Wiest W, Sütterlin M, Dietrich M, Grießhammer M, Burgmann DM, Hanusch C, Rack B, Salat C, Sattler D, Tio J, von Abel E, Christensen B, Burkamp U, Köhne CH, Meinerz W, Graßhoff ST, Decker T, Overkamp F, Thalmann I, Sallmann A, Beck T, Reimer T, Bartzke G, Deryal M, Weigel M, Huober J, Weder P, Steffens CC, Lemster S, Stefek A, Ruhland F, Hofmann M, Schuster J, Simon W, Kronawitter U, Clemens M, Fehm T, Janni W, Latos K, Bauer W, Roßmann A, Bauer L, Lampe D, Heyl V, Hoffmann G, Lorenz-Salehi F, Hackmann J, Schlag R. Survival after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab or everolimus for HER2-negative primary breast cancer (GBG 44-GeparQuinto)†. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:2363-2372. [PMID: 25223482 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The GeparQuinto study showed that adding bevacizumab to 24 weeks of anthracycline-taxane-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy increases pathological complete response (pCR) rates overall and specifically in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). No difference in pCR rate was observed for adding everolimus to paclitaxel in nonearly responding patients. Here, we present disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) analyses. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (n = 1948) with HER2-negative tumors of a median tumor size of 4 cm were randomly assigned to neoadjuvant treatment with epirubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel (EC-T) with or without eight infusions of bevacizumab every 3 weeks before surgery. Patients without clinical response to EC ± Bevacizumab were randomized to 12 weekly cycles paclitaxel with or without everolimus 5 mg/day. To detect a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.75 (α = 0.05, β = 0.8) 379 events had to be observed in the bevacizumab arms. RESULTS With a median follow-up of 3.8 years, 3-year DFS was 80.8% and 3-year OS was 89.7%. Outcome was not different for patients receiving bevacizumab (HR 1.03; P = 0.784 for DFS and HR 0.974; P = 0.842 for OS) compared with patients receiving chemotherapy alone. Patients with TNBC similarly showed no improvement in DFS (HR = 0.99; P = 0.941) and OS (HR = 1.02; P = 0.891) when treated with bevacizumab. No other predefined subgroup (HR+/HER2-; locally advanced (cT4 or cN3) or not; cT1-3 or cT4; pCR or not) showed a significant benefit. No difference in DFS (HR 0.997; P = 0.987) and OS (HR 1.11; P = 0.658) was observed for nonearly responding patients receiving paclitaxel with or without everolimus overall as well as in subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Long-term results, in opposite to the results of pCR, do not support the neoadjuvant use of bevacizumab in addition to an anthracycline-taxane-based chemotherapy or everolimus in addition to paclitaxel for nonearly responding patients. CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER NCT 00567554, www.clinicaltrials.gov.
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