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Guo C, Favier M, Galland N, Cambier V, Álvarez-Martínez H, Lours M, De Sarlo L, Andia M, Le Targat R, Bize S. Accurate laser frequency locking to optical frequency combs under low-signal-to-noise-ratio conditions. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:033202. [PMID: 32259984 DOI: 10.1063/1.5140793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method for accurately locking the frequency of a continuous-wave laser to an optical frequency comb under conditions where the signal-to-noise ratio is low, too low to accommodate other methods. Our method is typically orders of magnitude more accurate than conventional wavemeters and can considerably extend the usable wavelength range of a given optical frequency comb. We illustrate our method by applying it to the frequency control of a dipole lattice trap for an optical lattice clock, a representative case where our method provides significantly better accuracy than other methods.
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Guo C, Gustin M, Cressman E. Abstract No. 427 Osmotic stress blunted heat shock response in HepG2 cells. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Batura V, Guo C, Warner N, Leung G, Ricciuto A, Muise A. A252 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF GENETIC AETIOLOGIES IN A DOWNSTREAM OF TYROSINE KINASE (DOK) PROTEIN IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE (IBD). J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
IBD is a form of chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that arises due to genetic, environmental, immunological and microbial factors. The precise pathological mechanisms remain elusive. It is thought that the onset of pediatric IBD can largely be attributed to genetics. Muise lab, at SickKids, regularly screens children at the SickKids IBD clinic and through an international consortium to find possible genetic links to the disease. We report a patient at SickKids with biallelic mutations in DOK4 who has severe Crohn’s Disease along with other inflammatory conditions. Downstream of kinase (DOK) proteins are a family of adaptor molecules that serve as scaffolding proteins important in regulating cell signaling, especially in T cells. DOK4 has been shown to have negative regulatory effects on T cell activation but is also expressed across various other tissues where its function is yet to be determined. We predict that these mutations are causing immune cell dysregulation, which may be contributing to the patients IBD.
Aims
Through this study, we aim to enhance our understanding of the pathobiological mechanism of novel mutations in DOK4.
Methods
We have established T cell lines, expressing wild type and mutated DOK4, which will be used to perform functional tests, such as localization analysis through immunofluorescence and cytokine profiling, to check for T cell function. We have patient derived organoids, which will be used to assess changes in gut morphology using imaging techniques. We will also generate mutant zebrafish model that will be used to determine the susceptibility to colitis related to this mutation, disease progression and gut peristalsis using live imaging technology.
Results
Preliminary data shows variation in expression of the protein within patient derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) compared to a healthy donor.
Conclusions
With this study, we hope to identify new therapeutic targets for patients with DOK4 mutations.
Funding Agencies
CIHRThe Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
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Long K, Warner N, Pan J, Guo C, Muise A. A33 THE ROLE OF A HOMOZYGOUS PROTEIN CODING VARIANT OF EPS8 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PEDIATRIC IBD. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The rate of onset for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is rising worldwide—most significantly in the pediatric population. The pathogenesis of the disease involves a complicated interaction between the environment and genetics. Recent findings suggest that there is a broad range of rare, single-gene mutations that correlate with the IBD phenotype in children. Some of these single-gene defects can disrupt the epithelial barrier, which alters intestinal immune homeostasis. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Kinase Substrate 8 (EPS8) is crucial for the stabilization of F-actin by capping and bundling the barbed end. Previous literature shows that loss of expression of EPS8 disrupts the polymerization of F-actin in intestinal microvilli resulting in shortened brush borders. We identified a pediatric IBD patient with a homozygous missense EPS8 mutation(c.2099C>T, I700T) in the actin-binding domain. The patient presented with pancolitis, colonic strictures and other IBD-like symptoms at 6 weeks of age. Currently, the functional role of EPS8 in the pathogenesis of very early-onset IBD remains elusive.
Aims
1)To investigate if the patient with EPS8 mutation has microvilli disorganization.
2)To determine EPS8 localization in patient samples and cell models.
3)To clarify the mechanism of how the EPS8 mutation affects F-actin in vitro.
Ultimately, we want to clarify how the mutation of EPS8 might contribute to the onset of pediatric IBD.
Methods
A rare, damaging mutation in EPS8 was identified in a very early-onset IBD patient by Whole Exome Sequencing. From patient-derived colon biopsy samples, the localization of EPS8 and actin was visualized by immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy. The morphology of the patient’s intestinal microvilli was assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). EPS8 expression was measured using western blot. An F-actin polymerization assay was performed comparing purified WT and mutant EPS8 protein to assess the rate of polymerization from monomeric G-actin to F-actin.
Results
IF microscopy of the colonic sections revealed lower co-localization of EPS8 and actin on the apical surfaces, compared to IBD and normal controls. Closer examination of the cell structure using TEM showed disruption of the microvilli in the EPS8 mutant, but not in IBD or normal controls. Western blots showed no differences in protein expression between wildtype and mutant EPS8 in HEK293T cells. F-actin polymerization assay revealed differences in the rate of G-actin to F-actin polymerization between wildtype and mutant EPS8.
Conclusions
The patient with EPS8 mutation had microvilli disorganization. EPS8 localized differently in the patient colon tissues compared to normal and IBD control samples. The EPS8 mutation may affect F-actin polymerization, which may lead to disruption of the microvilli.
Funding Agencies
CIHR
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Mehta M, Wang L, Guo C, Warner N, Li Q, Pan J, Boztug K, Uhlig H, Muise A. A39 NOVEL GAIN OF FUNCTION NON-RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASE MUTATIONS ARE LINKED TO THE PATHOGENESIS OF VEOIBD. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEOIBD) is an emerging global disease, that results in inflammation of the digestive tract. Severe forms of VEOIBD can be caused by mutations in a single gene (monogenic variants) and, can result in death. A candidate gene which codes for a non-receptor tyrosine kinase (nRTK) has recently been implicated as a monogenic cause of IBD (unpublished). Whole exome sequencing was performed in two unrelated children who presented with symptoms of IBD identifying two distinct de novo gain of function mutations (S550Y and P342T). Both mutations are located in the highly conserved region of the nRTK, and were predicted to have similar downstream effects. Furthermore, four other patients with a variety of adult-onset immune disorders have recently been identified with rare variants in the same gene (M450I, R42P, A353T, V433M, S550F) but, their potential gain of function status remains to be determined. Studies show that this nRTK is an essential mediator in inflammation. It is expressed in both intestinal epithelial and immune cells however, its role in infantile IBD is unclear. This protein is first activated by phosphorylation and is linked to activating downstream transcription factors such as ERK and JNK. All these target proteins play a meaningful role in intestinal inflammation in patients with IBD.
Aims
Since we identified P342T and S550Y to be gain of function, we wanted to determine if the new variants exhibit a similar downstream impact on target protein expression levels when compared with S550Y and P342T. We also wanted to identify if all variants can be rescued with a known nRTK inhibitor. It is hypothesized that the new variants are gain of function and that all variants can be rescued with the inhibitor.
Methods
Using western blot analysis, the activation of ERK, JNK and nRTK was compared between wildtype (WT) and mutants. This in vitro method helped identify the degree of activation. For the second part of the study, HEK293T cells were treated with inhibitor to test for a rescue of phenotypes via western blot analysis.
Results
Results show an increased activation of nRTK, ERK and JNK in all variants with S550Y and S550F having the highest activation. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition using small molecular kinase inhibitors resulted in decreased activation of nRTK, ERK and JNK suggesting a rescue of phenotypes.
Conclusions
Characterizing the downstream functional impact of these nRTK variants is an important first step to determine if gain of function nRTK mutations drive IBD. With a rising prevalence of IBD worldwide, these findings may lead to the development of pharmacological nRTK inhibitors as a novel personalized therapeutic approach for these patients and possibly for the broader IBD population.
Funding Agencies
CIHR
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Guo C, Huang Z, Zhang X. Sample complexity of single-parameter revenue maximization. ACM SIGECOM EXCHANGES 2020. [DOI: 10.1145/3381329.3381336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The sample complexity of learning Myerson's optimal auction from i.i.d. samples of bidders' values has received much attention since its introduction by Cole and Roughgarden (STOC 2014). This letter gives a brief introduction of a recent work that settles the sample complexity by showing matching upper and lower bounds, up to a poly-logarithmic factor, for all families of value distributions that have been considered in the literature. The upper bounds are unified under a novel framework, which builds on the strong revenue monotonicity by Devanur, Huang, and Psomas (STOC 2016), and an information theoretic argument. This is fundamentally different from the previous approaches that rely on either constructing an ∈-net of the mechanism space, either explicitly, or implicitly via statistical learning theory, or learning an approximately accurate version of the virtual values. To our knowledge, it is the first time information theoretical arguments are used to show sample complexity upper bounds, instead of lower bounds. The lower bounds are also unified under a meta construction of hard instances.
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Li CJ, Wang BJ, Mu DL, Hu J, Guo C, Li XY, Ma D, Wang DX. Randomized clinical trial of intraoperative dexmedetomidine to prevent delirium in the elderly undergoing major non-cardiac surgery. Br J Surg 2020; 107:e123-e132. [PMID: 31903588 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Delirium is common in elderly patients after surgery and is associated with poor outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the impact of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on the incidence of delirium in elderly patients undergoing major surgery.
Methods
This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Elderly patients (aged 60 years or more) scheduled to undergo major non-cardiac surgery were randomized into two groups. Patients in the intervention group received a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0·6 μg/kg 10 min before induction of anaesthesia followed by a continuous infusion (0·5 μg per kg per h) until 1 h before the end of surgery. Patients in the control group received volume-matched normal saline in the same schedule. The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium during the first 5 days after surgery. Delirium was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) for non-ventilated patients and CAM for the Intensive Care Unit for ventilated patients.
Results
In total, 309 patients who received dexmedetomidine and 310 control patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. The incidence of delirium within 5 days of surgery was lower with dexmedetomidine treatment: 5·5 per cent (17 of 309) versus 10·3 per cent (32 of 310) in the control group (relative risk (RR) 0·53, 95 per cent c.i. 0·30 to 0·94; P = 0·026). The overall incidence of complications at 30 days was also lower after dexmedetomidine (19·4 per cent (60 of 309) versus 26·1 per cent (81 of 310) for controls; RR 0·74, 0·55 to 0·99, P = 0·047).
Conclusion
Intraoperative dexmedetomidine halved the risk of delirium in the elderly after major non-cardiac surgery. Registration number: ChiCTR-IPR-15007654 (www.chictr.org.cn).
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Luo X, Guo C, Yin H, Shi B, Yin X, Li J. Comparison of Hogan pharyngeal flap and sphincter pharyngoplasty in postoperative velopharyngeal function. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 58:291-295. [PMID: 31864856 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare speech and breathing after sphincter pharyngoplasty and the Hogan pharyngeal flap in the management of cleft-related velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI). We reviewed 78 patients with VPI who had either the Hogan flap (n=30) or sphincter pharyngoplasty (n=48) between 2009 and 2011. Velopharyngeal function, nasal patency, and speech were compared. In the Hogan flap group, 25 patients had achieved velopharyngeal competence and nine had normal speech. In the sphincter pharyngoplasty group, 29 patients achieved velopharyngeal competence and 20 normal speech. The Hogan flap group had a higher rate of velopharyngeal competence (n=25) than the sphincter pharyngoplasty group (p=0.033), but there was no significant difference in intelligibility of speech. Eighteen patients in the Hogan flap group and 33 in the sphincter pharyngoplasty group reported symptoms of snoring, with no significant difference in nasal ventilation. Our results suggest that a posterior pharyngeal flap is a more effective technique for managing VPI after repair of cleft palate than sphincter pharyngoplasty, and causes no more postoperative complications in nasal breathing.
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Guo G, Sun Y, Hong R, Xiong J, Lu Y, Liu Y, Lu J, Zhang Z, Guo C, Nan Y, Huang Q. IKBKE enhances TMZ-chemoresistance through upregulation of MGMT expression in glioblastoma. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:1252-1262. [PMID: 31865606 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02251-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant type of brain tumor. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis of patients with GBM has remained dismal. Multidrug resistance and high recurrence are two of the major challenges in successfully treating brain tumors. IKBKE (inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon) is a major oncogenic protein in tumors and can inhibit glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration, and tumorigenesis. Our study aimed to investigate the mechanism of IKBKE enhancing the resistance of glioma cells to temozolomide. METHODS For the in vitro experiments, LN18 and U118 glioblastoma cells were treated with a combination of sh/oe-IKBKE lentivirus and TMZ. Cell proliferation was determined by the EdU assay and colony formation assays. Apoptosis was analyzed by the TUNEL assay. In vivo, LN18 NC and LN18 sh-IKBKE cells were implanted into the cerebrums of nude mice to detect the effect of combination therapy. The protein and mRNA levels were assayed by western blot, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrated that IKBKE enhances the resistance of glioblastoma cells to temozolomide (TMZ) by activating the AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway to upregulate the expression of the DNA repair enzyme o6-methylguanine-dna methyltransferase (MGMT). In glioblastoma cells, IKBKE knockdown enhances apoptosis and suppresses cell proliferation, clone formation, and tumor development in vivo induced by TMZ. However, overexpression of IKBKE reduces the effects of TMZ. CONCLUSION Our studies suggest that inhibition of IKBKE can enhance the therapeutic effect of TMZ on GBM in vitro and in vivo, providing new research directions and therapeutic targets for the treatment of GBM.
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Yang X, Che N, Duan H, Liu Z, Li K, Li H, Guo C, Liang Q, Yang Y, Wang Y, Song J, Du W, Zhang C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Wang H, Chen X. Cell-free Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA test in pleural effusion for tuberculous pleurisy: a diagnostic accuracy study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2019; 26:1089.e1-1089.e6. [PMID: 31805377 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tuberculous pleurisy (TP) diagnosis remains difficult, with the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) and mycobacterial culture (culture) only about 30-50%. We aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of a cell-free Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA test (cf-TB) in pleural effusion for TP. METHODS Adults (≥18 years) with suspected TP presenting with pleural effusion were consecutively recruited, and pleural effusion specimens were prospectively collected in Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China. After centrifuging pleural effusion, sediments were used for culture, Xpert and T-SPOT.TB assay, whereas supernatants were used for cf-TB and adenosine deaminase assay. The diagnostic performance was assessed against a composite reference standard. RESULTS From June 2015 to December 2018, we prospectively evaluated 286 adults with suspected TP. One hundred twenty-two participants were classified as definite TP based on the prespecified composite reference standard. The cf-TB produced a sensitivity of 79.5% (97/122, 95% confidence interval (CI) 72.4- 86.7) for definite TP, which was superior to Xpert (38.5% (29.9-47.2); 47/122; p < 0.001) and culture (27.1% (19.2-34.9); 33/122; p < 0.001). With pleural effusion Xpert and/or culture as the reference standard, cf-TB showed 96.6% (57/59, 95% CI 92.0-100.0) sensitivity, which was also significantly higher than Xpert (79.7%, 95% CI 69.4-89.9; 47/59; p 0.004) and culture (55.9%, 95% CI: 43.3-68.6; 33/59; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The cf-TB clearly showed improved sensitivity compared with Xpert and culture. We recommend cf-TB as the first-line test for TP diagnosis.
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Guo C, Wang X, Chen LP, Li M, Li M, Hu YH, Ding WH, Wang X. Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 regulates ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2019; 22:3703-3712. [PMID: 29949143 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201806_15249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) MALAT1 is an important regulatory molecule in many diseases, especially in ovarian cancer. We aimed at exploring the function of MALAT1 in ovarian cancer and at clarifying its mechanisms. PATIENTS AND METHODS The expression level of MALAT1 in ovarian cancer tissues, para-carcinoma tissues and ovarian cancer cell lines were analyzed by Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The cell proliferation rate was detected by CCK8 assay in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. Transwell was used to detect the invasion and migration activities in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. The cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were measured by flow cytometry analysis. The expression level of Dvl2, GSK-3β, β-catenin and cyclin D1 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS The relative expression level of MALAT1 was identified to be aberrantly up-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues and cell lines. The high expression level of MALAT1 was associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. The down-regulation of MALAT1 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration, arrested cell cycle progression in S phase and induced cell apoptosis in ovarian cancer cell lines. Meanwhile, the down-regulation of MALAT1 decreased the expression level of DVL2, β-catenin and cyclin D1 and increased the expression level of GSK-3β in SKOV3 and HO8910 cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of MALAT1 down-regulation in cell invasion and migration was reversed by SKL2001 activating Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway and enhanced by XAV939 inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. CONCLUSIONS MALAT1 was overexpressed in ovarian cancer and associated to the poor prognosis. The down-regulation of MALAT1 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and migration, arrested cell cycle progression in S phase and induced cell apoptosis by restraining the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in ovarian cancer cells.
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Scaranti M, Caldwell R, Miralles MS, Shinde R, Pal A, Ang J, Biondo A, Guo C, Cojocaru E, Gennatas S, Lockie F, Bertan C, Baker C, Carreira S, Banerjee S, Kaye S, de Bono J, Banerji U, Minchom A, Lopez J. Clinical impact of molecular profiling of cervical cancer (CC) patients (pts) in a dedicated phase I (P1) unit. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz250.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Guo C, Kelly R, Desai J, Tran B. Demonstrating the changing trends in phase I clinical trials. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Li D, Chen Y, Guo C, Yang Q, Wu S, Xia Y, Zeng J, zhang X, Ke C, Sai K, Wang J, Mou Y, Chen Z. P03.09 Real world management and prognosis of glioma patients:SYSUCC report from China. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The conventional way of patient treatment should be following guidelines. While in clinical practice, patients received treatments very often away from suggested guideline. In this report, we reviewed glioma patients received real world treatment at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) and results of this patient series.
Methods: Total of 1215 glioma patients received surgery at SYSUCC from 2000 to 2017 were enclosed for analysis. The pathologic diagnosis of patients has followed WHO classification (initially 2007 standard, than 2016 standard).
Results: A total of 1001 newly diagnosed brain glioma patients were analyzed, including 90 cases WHO grade I, 307 grade II, 239 grade III and 365 grade IV. The median age of onset was 14 (1–75), 35 (2–69), 41 (8–82) and 50 (2–86) years old, respectively, for grade I, II, III and IV glioma patients. Tumor total resection was achieved in 567 patients (57.5%). Among all patients, 331 high-grade gliomas (54.8%) and 159 low-grade glioma (40.1%) received radiotherapy, whereas 285 high-grade gliomas (47.1%) and 80 low-grade tumors (20.2%) received chemotherapy. Among high-grade gliomas, the median OS of glioblastoma, anaplastic astrocytoma and anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors were 17.7 months (15.7–19.7 months), 33.7 months (24.0–43.4 months) and 110.6 months (43.5–177.7 months), respectively, whereas the median OS of low-grade gliomas was not reach. The 5-year survival rate of grade I, II, III and IV gliomas was 94.7%, 73.7%, 45.1% and 18.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified that onset age, Karnofsky performance status, tumor location, preoperative seizure, pathological subtype, resection extent and post-surgical treatment were independent predictors of OS for patients with high-grade gliomas. Patients received post-surgical radiotherapy and (or) chemotherapy had better survival than those without adjuvant treatment (grade III: 53.3 vs. 20.6 months, p =0.012; grade IV: 22.9 vs. 12.3 months, p < 0.001). For low-grade gliomas, patients’ age, Ki-67 index, tumor subtype and resection extent were associated with clinical outcomes.
Conclusions: Glioma patients received treatments do not always following guidelines in clinical practice. Although standard care for patients may beneficial for prognosis, personalized treatment may more acceptable for patients and even resulting better outcome which should keep in mind in routine clinical practice.
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Cui P, Li Y, Zhou CC, Zhou YH, Song CL, Qiu Q, Wang F, Guo C, Han SJ, Liang L, Yuan Y, Zeng MY, Yue J, Long L, Qin XH, Li Z, Chen XL, Zou YP, Cheng YB, Yu HJ. [Clinical analysis of 555 outpatients with hand, foot and mouth diseases caused by different enteroviruses]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019; 57:445-451. [PMID: 31216802 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical characteristics of outpatients with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by different serotypes of enteroviruses. Methods: This was a prospective study. From February 2017 to March 2018, 563 outpatients with HFMD were enrolled by systematic sampling in the Department of Infectious Diseases, Henan Children's Hospital. Throat swabs were collected to determine the serotypes via PCR. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected by standard questionnaire. All cases were followed up twice at 2 and 9 weeks after the initial outpatient visit through telephone interview. A total of 563 cases were enrolled and 555 (98.6%) cases were positive for human enteroviruses, including 338 (60.9%) males. Analyses were stratified by enterovirus serotypes, Chi square test or Fisher's exact test, Rank sum test was used for comparison among different groups. Results: The age of 555 cases was 24.2 (16.4, 41.3) months. Among them 44.0% (224 cases) were identified as coxsackievirus (CV)-A6, while 189 cases, 35 cases, 14 cases and 73 cases were identified as CV-A16, enterovirus (EV)-A71, CV-A10 and other serotypes, respectively. Fever (≥37.5 ℃) was present in 51.4% (285/555) of laboratory confirmed cases. The proportions of fever in cases of CV-A6 (68.9%(168/244)) and CV-A10 (12/14) were significantly higher than those in cases of CV-A16 (31.7%(60/189),χ(2)=57.344,14.313,both P=0.000), other serotypes (43.8%(32/73),χ(2)=15.101 and 8.242, P=0.000 and 0.004) and EV-A71 (37.1%(13/35), χ(2)=13.506 and 9.441, P=0.000 and 0.002) respectively. There was no significant difference between CV-A6 and CV-A10 in presentation of fever (χ(2)=1.785, P=0.182). There were 359 cases (64.7%) with eruptions in mouth, hands, feet and buttocks. Cases infected with EV-A71 had the highest proportions (74.3%(26/35)) of rash emerging simultaneously in mouth, hands, feet, and buttocks. The proportion in cases of CV-A16, CV-A6, CVA10 and other serotype were 73.5% (139/189), 61.9% (151/244), 7/14 and 49.3% (36/73), respectively. The proportion of rash on other parts of body, such as face, limbs or torso in cases infected with CV-A6 (16.8% (41/244)) was the higherest and the proportion in cases of CV-A16, EV-A71, CV-A10 or other serotypes were 8.5% (16/189) , 5.7% (2/35) , 1/14, 6.8% (5/73) , respectively. None of these cases developed serious complications. Desquamation occurred in 45.5% (179/393) cases 7.5 (5.0, 9.0) days after disease onset and 13.5% (53/393) cases showed onychomadesis 31.0 (18.0, 33.5) days after disease onset. The proportion of desquamation and onychomadesis associated with CV-A6 (64.2% (95/148) and 31.8% (47/148)) was significantly higher than CV-A16 (31.8% (49/154) and 1.3% (2/154), χ(2)=33.601 and 52.482, both P=0.000) and other serotypes (38.0%(19/50) and 6.0%(3/50),χ(2)=10.236 and 12.988, P=0.001 and 0.000). Desquamation appeared more in cases of CV-A6 than in cases of CV-A10 (2/11,χ(2)=9.386, P=0.002), with the proportion of onychomadesis higher in CV-A6 than in EV-A71 (3.3% (1/30),χ(2)=11.088, P=0.001). Conclusion: Clinical manifestation such as fever, rash emerging parts, desquamation and onychomadesis are different among outpatient HFMD cases infected with CV-A16, CV-A6, EV-A71, CV-A10 and other enteroviruses.
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Guo C, Wang H, Feng G, Li J, Su C, Zhang J, Wang Z, Du W, Zhang B. Spatiotemporal predictions of obesity prevalence in Chinese children and adolescents: based on analyses of obesogenic environmental variability and Bayesian model. Int J Obes (Lond) 2019; 43:1380-1390. [PMID: 30568273 PMCID: PMC6584073 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0301-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find variations in Chinese obesogenic environmental priorities from 2000 to 2011, predict spatiotemporal distribution of obesity prevalence aged 7-17 years in 31 provinces, and provide foundations for policy-makers to reduce obesity in children and adolescents. METHODS Based on data examination of provincial obesity prevalence aged 7-17 years from three rounds of China Health and Nutrition Surveys (in 9 [2000], 9 [2006], and 12 [2011] provinces) and corresponding years' environments in 31 provinces from China Statistical Yearbooks and other sources, 12 predictors were selected. We used 30 surveyed provinces in three rounds as training samples to fit three analytic models with partial least-square regressions and prioritized predictors by variable importance projection to find variations. And fitted a spatiotemporal prediction model with Bayesian analysis to infer in space-time. RESULTS Variations of obesogenic environmental priorities were found at different times. A Bayesian spatiotemporal prediction model with deviance information criterion of 155.60 and statistically significant (P < 0.05) parameter estimates of intercept (-717.0400, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: -1186.0300, -248.0480), year (0.3584, CI: 0.1245, 0.5924), square of food industry level (0.0003, CI: 0.0002, 0.0004), and log (healthcare) (5.3742, CI: 2.5138, 8.2347) was optimized. Totally inferred average obesity prevalence among children and adolescents were 2.23%, 5.11%, 10.77%, 12.20%, 13.99%, and 17.58% in 31 provinces in China in 2000, 2006, 2011, 2015, 2020, and 2030, respectively. Obesity in north and east of China clusters on predicted maps. CONCLUSIONS Obesity prevalence in children and adolescents in China is rapidly increasing, growing at 0.3584% annually from 2000 to 2011. From longitudinal observation, prevalence was significantly influenced by food industry ("Amplifier") and healthcare service ("Balancer"). Targeted interventions in north and east of China are pressing. Further researches on the mechanisms underlying the influence of food industry, healthcare service, and so on in children and adolescents are needed.
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Lin T, Peng C, Liu S, Huang H, Wang Z, Guo C, Ren Q, Fang X, Hong H, Li F, Ying Tian Y. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON THE CIRCULATION AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AFTERPRIMARY CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM B CELL LYMPHOMATREATMENT WITH RITUXIMAB. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.139_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lin T, Ren Q, Huang H, Li X, Hong H, Wang Z, Fang X, Guo C, Li F, Zhang L, Yao Y, Chen Z, Huang Y, Li Z, Cai Q, Tian Y, Wang H, Lin X, Fan W, Zheng L, Lin S, Liu Q. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MRI AND PET/CT-GUIDED THERAPY FOR IMPROVING SURVIVAL IN UPPER AERODIGESTIVE TRACT NATURAL KILLER/T-CELL LYMPHOMA, NASAL TYPE. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.85_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Isinger M, Busto D, Mikaelsson S, Zhong S, Guo C, Salières P, Arnold CL, L'Huillier A, Gisselbrecht M. Accuracy and precision of the RABBIT technique. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2019; 377:20170475. [PMID: 30929623 PMCID: PMC6452058 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2017.0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
One of the most ubiquitous techniques within attosecond science is the so-called reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBIT). Originally proposed for the characterization of attosecond pulses, it has been successfully applied to the accurate determination of time delays in photoemission. Here, we examine in detail, using numerical simulations, the effect of the spatial and temporal properties of the light fields and of the experimental procedure on the accuracy of the method. This allows us to identify the necessary conditions to achieve the best temporal precision in RABBIT measurements. This article is part of the theme issue 'Measurement of ultrafast electronic and structural dynamics with X-rays'.
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Wu Y, Hsu Y, Tee S, Huang W, Guo C, Lin S. 945 Topological transformation reveals a simplified 2-dimensional healing strategy to repair 3-dimensional injury in hair follicles. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.03.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Guo C, Xu HB, Duan X, Hu XY, Zhang J, Li J, Gao XJ, Luo XL, Yang WX, Hu FH, Wu Y, Qiao SB. [Analysis on the short-term outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicating cardiogenic shock due to left main disease]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2019; 47:278-283. [PMID: 31060186 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the short-term outcome of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicating cardiogenic shock due to left main disease. Methods: A total of 24 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicating cardiogenic shock due to left main artery disease hospitalized in Fuwai hospital from June 2012 to May 2018 were included. The clinical data were analyzed,and the patients were divided into survivor group (11 cases) and death group (13 cases) according to survival status at 28 days post the diagnosis of shock. The patients were further divided into thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI) flow grade 0-2 group (11 cases) and TIMI flow grade 3 group (13 cases) according to TIMI flow grade after the procedure. The patients were then divided into non-three-vessel lesions group (14 cases) and three-vessel lesions group (10 cases) according to coronary angiography results. Results: Compared with survivor group, patients in death group presented with lower worst systolic blood pressure within 24 hours after admission (50(48, 70) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. 73(70, 80) mmHg, P<0.01), lower worst diastolic blood pressure with in 24 hours after admission ((33.5±12.4) mmHg vs. (48.9±9.4) mmHg, P<0.01), higher respiratory rates ((27.3±2.5) times/min vs. (21.5±4.0) times/min, P<0.01), less 24 hours urine output ((422±266) ml vs. (1 680±863) ml, P<0.01), lower platelet counts ((161.9±81.9)×10(9)/L vs. (241.6±94.0)×10(9)/L, P=0.03), higher serum creatinine ((250.0±36.8) μmol/L vs. (132.7±34.2) μmol/L, P<0.01), higher alanine aminotransferase (288(76,846) IU/ml vs. 81(42, 109) IU/ml, P=0.04), lower artery pH (7.11±0.17 vs. 7.39±0.09, P<0.01), higher lactic acid ((10.29±3.62) mmol/L vs. (4.21±2.85) mmol/L, P<0.01), higher incidence of invasive ventilation (7/13 vs. 2/11, P=0.02), higher scores of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) Ⅱ (35.4±6.8 vs. 18.7±1.7, P<0.01) and simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) Ⅱ (73.5±17.4 vs. 47.0±4.3, P<0.01), and higher incidence of target vessel TIMI flow grade 0-2 (10/13 vs. 1/11, P<0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that survival rate at 28 days post the diagnosis of shock in TIMI flow grade 3 group was higher than that in TIMI flow grade 0-2 group (76.9% vs. 9.1%, log-rank test, P<0.01), and mortality rate was similar at 28 days post the diagnosis of shock between non-three-vessel lesions group and three-vessel lesions group (35.7% vs. 60.0%, log-rank test, P=0.14). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with TIMI flow grade 0-2 group, the OR value of death at 28 days post the diagnosis of shock in TIMI flow grade 3 patients with acute myocardial infarction complicating cardiogenic shock due to left main disease was 0.030(95%CI 0.003-0.340, P<0.01). Conclusion: Short-term outcomeof patients with acute myocardial infarction complicating cardiogenic shock due to left main disease remains poor, and final flow of TIMI grade 3 is confirmed as independent protective factor of death at 28 days post the diagnosis of shock in these patients.
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Guo C, Yu M, Deng X, Gong H, Li Y, Li C, Liu Y, Guo M, Gong X, Feng S, Xu J, Li Z, Gao Y, Yang J, Cui Z, Ma J. The characteristics of internet-based venue sex-seeking and mobility among money boys in Tianjin, China. HIV Med 2019; 20:473-484. [PMID: 31006956 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Internet-based venue sex-seeking is prevalent among money boys (MBs), as is a high degree of mobility, which is crucial for HIV transmission in key populations with high risks of HIV infection. However, correlation studies in MBs are scarce because of the secretive nature of this hard-to-reach subpopulation. We conducted this project to explore the characteristics of MBs. METHODS This survey was conducted from December 2014 to June 2015 in Tianjin; a total of 330 MBs were recruited by convenience sampling. Demographic and behavioural data were collected for analysis. RESULTS Among the investigated MBs, 38 (11.52%) were HIV positive, 147 (44.55%) reported using internet-based venues to seek sexual partners and 257 (77.88%) had travelled to two or more destinations in the past 6 months. Compared with non-internet-based venue-using MBs, internet-based venue-using MBs were more likely to have part-time employment as MBs, to have a longer duration of working in the sex trade, to engage in finger intercourse and to present a history of substance abuse and sexually transmitted infections. However, internet-based venue-using MBs were less likely to exhibit consistent condom usage and undergo HIV testing. Origin of residence data showed that most MBs were from northern China, with Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai as the main travel destinations. Mobile MBs were characterized as a group who were fully engaged in the sex trade and frequently took part in sexual activities but had a weak sense of self-protection. CONCLUSIONS Internet-based venue sex-seeking and mobility are prevalent in MBs. Renewed efforts in internet-based health promotion and school-based primary health examination programmes may benefit more mobile and/or internet-based venue sex-seeking MBs.
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Lin H, Tao R, Li C, Wang B, Guo C, Shu Q, Zhao P, Xu L, Wang J, Jing F, Chu Q. 3.7 kW monolithic narrow linewidth single mode fiber laser through simultaneously suppressing nonlinear effects and mode instability. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:9716-9724. [PMID: 31045120 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.009716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report a 3.7 kW all fiber narrow linewidth single mode fiber laser. The full width at half-maximum is about 0.30 nm, and the beam quality is Mx2=1.358, My2=1.202 at maximum output power. The laser is achieved by simultaneously suppressing nonlinear effects and mode instability (MI). Different seeds are injected into the main amplifier to study stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effect. The results show that the phase modulated single frequency seed is benefit to suppress the SRS effect. For the phase modulated single frequency seed, inserting a filter in preamplifier will suppress amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and decrease the backward power. By optimizing the coiling of active fiber, the MI effect is suppressed.
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Wang XZ, Liu YJ, Guo C, Han YL. [Three-year coronary angiographic and optical coherence tomography follow-up of bioresorbable vascular scaffold: a case report]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2019; 47:235-237. [PMID: 30897884 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-3758.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Long K, Li Q, Guo C, Warner N, Zhang S, Pan J, Leung G, Batura V, Muise A. A100 THE ROLE OF EPS8 IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PEDIATRIC INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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