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Meijers A, Jakobi A, Stützer K, Guterres Marmitt G, Both S, Langendijk JA, Richter C, Knopf A. Log file-based dose reconstruction and accumulation for 4D adaptive pencil beam scanned proton therapy in a clinical treatment planning system: Implementation and proof-of-concept. Med Phys 2019; 46:1140-1149. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Quiñonez Uribe RA, Luther S, Diaz-Maue L, Richter C. Energy-Reduced Arrhythmia Termination Using Global Photostimulation in Optogenetic Murine Hearts. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1651. [PMID: 30542292 PMCID: PMC6277892 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex spatiotemporal non-linearity as observed during cardiac arrhythmia strongly correlates with vortex-like excitation wavelengths and tissue characteristics. Therefore, the control of arrhythmic patterns requires fundamental understanding of dependencies between onset and perpetuation of arrhythmia and substrate instabilities. Available treatments, such as drug application or high-energy electrical shocks, are discussed for potential side effects resulting in prognosis worsening due to the lack of specificity and spatiotemporal precision. In contrast, cardiac optogenetics relies on light sensitive ion channels stimulated to trigger excitation of cardiomyocytes solely making use of the inner cell mechanisms. This enables low-energy, non-damaging optical control of cardiac excitation with high resolution. Recently, the capability of optogenetic cardioversion was shown in Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) transgenic mice. But these studies used mainly structured and local illumination for cardiac stimulation. In addition, since optogenetic and electrical stimulus work on different principles to control the electrical activity of cardiac tissue, a better understanding of the phenomena behind optogenetic cardioversion is still needed. The present study aims to investigate global illumination with regard to parameter characterization and its potential for cardioversion. Our results show that by tuning the light intensity without exceeding 1.10 mW mm-2, a single pulse in the range of 10–1,000 ms is sufficient to reliably reset the heart into sinus rhythm. The combination of our panoramic low-intensity photostimulation with optical mapping techniques visualized wave collision resulting in annihilation as well as propagation perturbations as mechanisms leading to optogenetic cardioversion, which seem to base on other processes than electrical defibrillation. This study contributes to the understanding of the roles played by epicardial illumination, pulse duration and light intensity in optogenetic cardioversion, which are the main variables influencing cardiac optogenetic control, highlighting the advantages and insights of global stimulation. Therefore, the presented results can be modules in the design of novel illumination technologies with specific energy requirements on the way toward tissue-protective defibrillation techniques.
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Ottenhausen M, Richter C, Ringel F, Coburger J, Renovanz M. P01.089 The patients’ perspective on information level about supportive care in glioma patients - post-hoc evaluation and development of an online survey focusing on patients’ information needs, clinical studies and alternative therapies. Neuro Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noy139.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Mohamed BA, Hartmann N, Tirilomis P, Sekeres K, Li W, Neef S, Richter C, Zeisberg EM, Kattner L, Didié M, Guan K, Schmitto JD, Lehnart SE, Luther S, Voigt N, Seidler T, Sossalla S, Hasenfuss G, Toischer K. Sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium leak contributes to arrhythmia but not to heart failure progression. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:10/458/eaan0724. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan0724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Increased sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak via the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) has been suggested to play a mechanistic role in the development of heart failure (HF) and cardiac arrhythmia. Mice treated with a selective RyR2 stabilizer, rycal S36, showed normalization of SR Ca2+ leak and improved survival in pressure overload (PO) and myocardial infarction (MI) models. The development of HF, measured by echocardiography and molecular markers, showed no difference in rycal S36– versus placebo-treated mice. Reduction of SR Ca2+ leak in the PO model by the rycal-unrelated RyR2 stabilizer dantrolene did not mitigate HF progression. Development of HF was not aggravated by increased SR Ca2+ leak due to RyR2 mutation (R2474S) in volume overload, an SR Ca2+ leak–independent HF model. Arrhythmia episodes were reduced by rycal S36 treatment in PO and MI mice in vivo and ex vivo in Langendorff-perfused hearts. Isolated cardiomyocytes from murine failing hearts and human ventricular failing and atrial nonfailing myocardium showed reductions in delayed afterdepolarizations, in spontaneous and induced Ca2+ waves, and in triggered activity in rycal S36 versus placebo cells, whereas the Ca2+ transient, SR Ca2+ load, SR Ca2+ adenosine triphosphatase function, and action potential duration were not affected. Rycal S36 treatment of human induced pluripotent stem cells isolated from a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia could rescue the leaky RyR2 receptor. These results suggest that SR Ca2+ leak does not primarily influence contractile HF progression, whereas rycal S36 treatment markedly reduces ventricular arrhythmias, thereby improving survival in mice.
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Hanson C, Richter C, Hein N, Smith L, Nordgren T, Anderson Berry A, Bisselou K, Kusi Appiah A, Skulas Ray A. Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant US: NHANES 2003-2014. J Acad Nutr Diet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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von Brandenstein M, Bernhart SH, Pansky A, Richter C, Kohl T, Deckert M, Heidenreich A, Stadler PF, Montesinos-Rongen M, Fries JWU. Beyond the 3'UTR binding-microRNA-induced protein truncation via DNA binding. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32855-32867. [PMID: 30214689 PMCID: PMC6132356 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a miR mechanism which is active in the nucleus and is essential for the production of intron included, C-terminal truncated and biologically active proteins, like e.g. Vim3. We exemplified this mechanism by miRs, miR-15a and miR-498, which are overexpressed in clear cell renal carcinoma or oncocytoma. Both miRs directly interact with DNA in an intronic region, leading to transcriptional stop, and therefore repress the full length version of the pre-mRNA, resulting in intron included truncated proteins (Mxi-2 and Vim3). A computational survey shows that this miR:DNA interactions mechanism may be generally involved in regulating the human transcriptome, with putative interaction sites in intronic regions for over 1000 genes. In this work, an entirely new mechanism is revealed how miRs can repress full length protein translation, resulting in C-terminal truncated proteins.
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Günther A, Weisner N, Richter C. Vaginale Untersuchung bei Geburt im Rettungsdienst. Notf Rett Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10049-018-0476-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Quinonez Uribe RA, Luther S, Richter C. P2835Low-energy control of spatiotemporal cardiac dynamics using structured photo-stimulation. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p2835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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59
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Richter C, Hänsel T, Lessig R, Heide S. Ärztliche Konsultationen bei Verdachtsfällen von Kindeswohlgefährdung. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-018-0258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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60
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Dobryakov AL, Quick M, Richter C, Knie C, Ioffe IN, Granovsky AA, Mahrwald R, Ernsting NP, Kovalenko SA. Photoisomerization pathways and Raman activity of 1,1'-difluorostilbene. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:044501. [PMID: 28147515 DOI: 10.1063/1.4974357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photoisomerization of 1,1'-difluorostilbene, following S0→S1 optical excitation in solution, was studied with femtosecond broadband transient absorption and stimulated Raman spectroscopy, and by quantum-chemical calculations. In n-hexane, trans-to-cis (t→c) isomerization starts with Franck-Condon relaxation (τ1t = 0.07 ps) followed by nearly barrierless torsion around the ethylenic bond (τ2t ≈ 0.3 ps) to a perpendicular conformation P. About 50% of the excited molecules are trapped in P, while others reach the S1(cis) conformation adiabatically. For the opposite cis-to-trans (c→t) path, the dynamics in n-hexane (τ1c = 0.04 ps, τ2c = 0.7 ps) suggest a 5 kJ/mol barrier between the relaxed S1(cis) and P states. The subsequent P decay with τ3 = 0.4 ps is followed by much slower ground-state recovery (τ4 ≈ 3 ps), indicating an intermediate state X. The t→P and c→P torsion depend on solvent viscosity and polarity, whereas the P→X→S0 relaxation and residual torsion is viscosity-independent but still polarity-dependent. Photoisomerization yields are derived from the transient absorption data and compared to those from actinometric measurements. Low-frequency oscillations in the transient signal are assigned to nuclei motions. Transient and stationary stimulated Raman spectra are compared to calculations. Early Franck-Condon Raman spectra differ from those of the quasistationary trans or cis S1 state. The photoisomerization behavior of stilbene and vinyl-substituted derivatives is compared and the general features are discussed.
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Wohlfahrt P, Möhler C, Lalonde A, Enghardt W, Krause M, Troost E, Greilich S, Richter C. OC-0085: Improving CT calibration for proton range prediction by dual-energy CT based patient-cohort analysis. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Leger S, Zwanenburg A, Pilz K, Lohaus F, Linge A, Zöphel K, Kotzerke J, Schreiber A, Tinhofer I, Budach V, Sak A, Stuschke M, Balermpas P, Rödel C, Ganswindt U, Belka C, Pigorsch S, Combs S, Mönnich D, Zips D, Krause M, Baumann M, Richter C, Troost E, Löck S. OC-0508: Identification of tumour sub-volumes for improved radiomic risk modelling in locally advanced HNSCC. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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63
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Möhler C, Wohlfahrt P, Nicolay N, Richter C, Greilich S. EP-2089: Dual-energy CT enables dose calculation on scans with iodinated contrast agent. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32398-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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64
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Zwanenburg A, Leger S, Troost E, Richter C, Löck S. EP-2095: Perturbing single images as a surrogate for radiomic feature robustness test-retest experiments. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)32404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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65
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Taasti V, Bäumer C, Dahlgren C, Deisher A, Ellerbrock M, Free J, Góra J, Kozera A, Lomax A, De Marzi L, Molinelli S, Teo B, Wohlfahrt P, Petersen J, Muren L, Hansen D, Richter C. PO-0969: Inter-center variability of CT-to-SPR conversion in particle therapy: Survey-based evaluation. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)31279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gore SJ, Franklyn-Miller A, Richter C, Falvey EC, King E, Moran K. Is stiffness related to athletic groin pain? Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:1681-1690. [PMID: 29423946 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Athletic groin pain (AGP) is a common injury prevalent in field sports. One biomechanical measure that may be of importance for injury risk is stiffness. To date, [corrected] however, stiffness has not been examined in AGP. The primary aim was to determine whether AGP affects vertical and joint stiffness and if so, whether successful rehabilitation is associated with a change in stiffness. Sixty-five male patients with AGP and fifty male controls were recruited to this study. Assessment included a biomechanical examination of stiffness during a lateral hurdle hop test. Subjects with AGP were tested pre- and post-rehabilitation, while controls were tested once. AGP subjects were cleared for return to play in a median time of 9.14 weeks (5.14-29.0). Stiffness was significantly different at pre-rehabilitation in comparison with controls for three [corrected] of the ten stiffness values examined: ankle plantar flexor, knee extensor, hip abductor, and vertical stiffness (P < .05, D = 0.38-0.81). [corrected]. Despite clearance for return to play, of these four variables, only hip abductor stiffness changed significantly from pre- to post-rehabilitation (P = .05, D = 0.36) [corrected] to become non-significantly different to the uninjured group (P = .23, D = 0.23). [corrected]. These findings suggest that hip abductor stiffness may represent a target for AGP rehabilitation. Conversely, given the clearance for return to play, the lower sagittal plane and vertical stiffness in the AGP group in comparison with the uninjured controls likely represents either a compensatory mechanism to reduce the risk of further injury or a consequence of neuromuscular detraining.
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Christoph J, Chebbok M, Richter C, Schröder-Schetelig J, Bittihn P, Stein S, Uzelac I, Fenton FH, Hasenfuß G, Gilmour RF, Luther S. Electromechanical vortex filaments during cardiac fibrillation. Nature 2018; 555:667-672. [PMID: 29466325 DOI: 10.1038/nature26001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The self-organized dynamics of vortex-like rotating waves, which are also known as scroll waves, are the basis of the formation of complex spatiotemporal patterns in many excitable chemical and biological systems. In the heart, filament-like phase singularities that are associated with three-dimensional scroll waves are considered to be the organizing centres of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. The mechanisms that underlie the onset, maintenance and control of electromechanical turbulence in the heart are inherently three-dimensional phenomena. However, it has not previously been possible to visualize the three-dimensional spatiotemporal dynamics of scroll waves inside cardiac tissues. Here we show that three-dimensional mechanical scroll waves and filament-like phase singularities can be observed deep inside the contracting heart wall using high-resolution four-dimensional ultrasound-based strain imaging. We found that mechanical phase singularities co-exist with electrical phase singularities during cardiac fibrillation. We investigated the dynamics of electrical and mechanical phase singularities by simultaneously measuring the membrane potential, intracellular calcium concentration and mechanical contractions of the heart. We show that cardiac fibrillation can be characterized using the three-dimensional spatiotemporal dynamics of mechanical phase singularities, which arise inside the fibrillating contracting ventricular wall. We demonstrate that electrical and mechanical phase singularities show complex interactions and we characterize their dynamics in terms of trajectories, topological charge and lifetime. We anticipate that our findings will provide novel perspectives for non-invasive diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications.
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Schroeder U, Richter C, Park MH, Schenk T, Pešić M, Hoffmann M, Fengler FPG, Pohl D, Rellinghaus B, Zhou C, Chung CC, Jones JL, Mikolajick T. Lanthanum-Doped Hafnium Oxide: A Robust Ferroelectric Material. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:2752-2765. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b03149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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69
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Falgenhauer J, Fiehler F, Richter C, Rudolph M, Schlettwein D. Consequences of changes in the ZnO trap distribution on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:16159-16168. [PMID: 28604856 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The well-established indoline dye D149 and three indoline dyes with improved binding stability (DN91, DN216 and DN285) were used as sensitizers for electrodeposited porous ZnO and studied in dye-sensitized solar cells and showed very similar cell characteristics. After storage of the cells in the dark for four weeks, an increase in short-circuit current density was observed. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy served to detect a shift of the conduction band edge energy to lower energies and, hence, an increased injection efficiency of electrons from the excited state of the sensitizer to the ZnO conduction band is detected as the main cause of this change. Additional photoelectrochemical experiments at different illumination intensities, intensity modulated photocurrent and photovoltage spectroscopy (IMPS and IMVS), transient photocurrent measurements, as well as measurements of the open-circuit photovoltage decay (OCVD) were performed to confirm this conclusion and, further, to prove a reduced rate of recombination for these injected electrons which prevented a corresponding decrease in the open-circuit voltage for many cells, frequently observed earlier. It is therefore shown how the long-term stability of ZnO-based DSSCs can be improved.
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Røpke MA, Alonso C, Jung S, Norsgaard H, Richter C, Darvin ME, Litman T, Vogt A, Lademann J, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Effects of glucocorticoids on stratum corneum lipids and function in human skin—A detailed lipidomic analysis. J Dermatol Sci 2017; 88:330-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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71
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Whyte E, Richter C, O’Connor S, Moran K. A preliminary investigation into the between-session reliability of the biomechanics of side cutting manoeuvres. J Sci Med Sport 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.09.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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72
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Chen G, Shrestha R, Amori A, Staniszewski Z, Jukna A, Korliov A, Richter C, El Fray M, Krauss T, Sobolewski R. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy characterization of carbon nanostructures embedded in polymer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/906/1/012002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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73
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Hahnel E, Blume-Peytavi U, Trojahn C, Dobos G, Jahnke I, Kanti V, Richter C, Lichterfeld-Kottner A, Garcia Bartels N, Kottner J. Prevalence and associated factors of skin diseases in aged nursing home residents: a multicentre prevalence study. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e018283. [PMID: 28947467 PMCID: PMC5623481 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of skin diseases in aged nursing home residents and to explore possible associations with demographic and medical characteristics. DESIGN Descriptive multicentre prevalence study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted in a random sample of ten institutional long-term care facilities in the federal state of Berlin, Germany. In total, n=223 residents were included. RESULTS In total, 60 dermatological diseases were diagnosed. The most frequently diagnosed skin disease was xerosis cutis (99.1%, 95% CI 97.7% to 100.0%) followed by tinea ungium (62.3%, 95% CI 56.0% to 69.1%) and seborrheic keratosis (56.5%, 95% CI 50.2% to 63.0%). Only few bivariate associations have been detected between skin diseases and demographic and medical characteristics. CONCLUSION Study results indicate that almost every resident living in residential care has at least one dermatological diagnosis. Dermatological findings range from highly prevalent xerosis and cutaneous infection up to skin cancer. Not all conditions require immediate dermatological treatment and can be managed by targeted skin care interventions. Caregivers need knowledge and diagnostic skills to make appropriate clinical decisions. It is unlikely that specialised dermatological care will be delivered widely in the growing long-term care sector. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This study is registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02216526.
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Texier I, Giannotti C, Malato S, Richter C, Ouazzani J, Delaire J. Potential applications of solar reactions photocatalysed by the decatungstate anion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/jcp:1999149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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75
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Jung S, Lademann J, Darvin ME, Richter C, Pedersen CB, Richter H, Schanzer S, Kottner J, Blume-Peytavi U, Røpke MA. In vivo characterization of structural changes after topical application of glucocorticoids in healthy human skin. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2017; 22:76018. [PMID: 28753693 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.22.7.076018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Topical glucocorticoids (GC) are known to induce changes in human skin with the potential to develop skin atrophy. Here, atrophogenic effects and subsequent structural changes in the skin after topical application of GC were investigated in vivo. Sixteen healthy volunteers were topically treated daily on the forearms with clobetasol propionate, betamethasone dipropionate, and the petrolatum vehicle for 4 weeks. All treated skin areas and a nontreated control area were examined by ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, confocal laser scanning microscopy, multiphoton tomography (MPT), and resonance Raman spectroscopy at baseline 1 day after last application and 1 week after last application. Investigated parameters included stratum corneum thickness, epidermal, and full skin thickness, keratinocyte size and density, keratinocyte nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio, skin surface classification, relative collagen and elastin signal intensity, second-harmonic generation-to-autofluorescence aging index of dermis (SAAID), and the antioxidant status of the skin. A reduction in epidermal and dermal skin thickness was observed in GC treated as well as in vehicle-treated and untreated skin areas on the volar forearm. MPT analysis showed an increased epidermal cell density and reduced cell size and nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio and a significant increase of SAAID after GC treatment indicating a restructuring or compression of collagen fibers clinically being observed as atrophic changes.
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