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Morrison D, Mair FS. Telehealth in practice: using Normalisation Process Theory to bridge the translational gap. PRIMARY CARE RESPIRATORY JOURNAL : JOURNAL OF THE GENERAL PRACTICE AIRWAYS GROUP 2012; 20:351-2. [PMID: 22025183 DOI: 10.4104/pcrj.2011.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Mair F, Brown S, Morrison D, Macleod U, May C. Barriers to provision of high quality care for patients with end stage heart failure. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2012-000196.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Hock JM, Nealley A, Morrison D, Farah C, Hosgood HD, Zahm S. Unmet challenges in cancer disparities--letter. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 21:248-9. [PMID: 22144498 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-11-1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Morrison D, Cameron E, Braganza G, Thomson NC, Chaudhuri R, Mair FS. P205 Managing the challenges of recruitment of patients with asthma to randomised controlled trials. Thorax 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201054c.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shafique K, McLoone P, Qureshi K, Leung H, Hart C, Morrison D. P2-275 Cholesterol and the risk of grade-specific prostate cancer incidence: evidence from a large prospective cohort with 37 years follow-up. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976k.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mair FS, Browne S, Morrison D, Macleod U, May CR. 'You're sicker than you think': continuing communication problems in end stage heart failure. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000020.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mair FS, Browne S, Morrison D, Gallacher K, Macleod U, May CR. Treatment burden in end stage heart failure (ESHF): a qualitative study. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2011-000020.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Saksida SM, Morrison D, Revie CW. The efficacy of emamectin benzoate against infestations of sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, on farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in British Columbia. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2010; 33:913-917. [PMID: 21504083 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01192.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Smith BA, Soderblom LA, Beebe R, Bliss D, Boyce JM, Brahic A, Briggs GA, Brown RH, Collins SA, Cook AF, Croft SK, Cuzzi JN, Danielson GE, Davies ME, Dowling TE, Godfrey D, Hansen CJ, Harris C, Hunt GE, Ingersoll AP, Johnson TV, Krauss RJ, Masursky H, Morrison D, Owen T, Plescia JB, Pollack JB, Porco CC, Rages K, Sagan C, Shoemaker EM, Sromovsky LA, Stoker C, Strom RG, Suomi VE, Synnott SP, Terrile RJ, Thomas P, Thompson WR, Veverka J. Voyager 2 in the uranian system: imaging science results. Science 2010; 233:43-64. [PMID: 17812889 DOI: 10.1126/science.233.4759.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Voyager 2 images of the southern hemisphere of Uranus indicate that submicrometersize haze particles and particles of a methane condensation cloud produce faint patterns in the atmosphere. The alignment of the cloud bands is similar to that of bands on Jupiter and Saturn, but the zonal winds are nearly opposite. At mid-latitudes (-70 degrees to -27 degrees ), where winds were measured, the atmosphere rotates faster than the magnetic field; however, the rotation rate of the atmosphere decreases toward the equator, so that the two probably corotate at about -20 degrees . Voyager images confirm the extremely low albedo of the ring particles. High phase angle images reveal on the order of 10(2) new ringlike features of very low optical depth and relatively high dust abundance interspersed within the main rings, as well as a broad, diffuse, low optical depth ring just inside the main rings system. Nine of the newly discovered small satellites (40 to 165 kilometers in diameter) orbit between the rings and Miranda; the tenth is within the ring system. Two of these small objects may gravitationally confine the e ring. Oberon and Umbriel have heavily cratered surfaces resembling the ancient cratered highlands of Earth's moon, although Umbriel is almost completely covered with uniform dark material, which perhaps indicates some ongoing process. Titania and Ariel show crater populations different from those on Oberon and Umbriel; these were probably generated by collisions with debris confined to their orbits. Titania and Ariel also show many extensional fault systems; Ariel shows strong evidence for the presence of extrusive material. About halfof Miranda's surface is relatively bland, old, cratered terrain. The remainder comprises three large regions of younger terrain, each rectangular to ovoid in plan, that display complex sets of parallel and intersecting scarps and ridges as well as numerous outcrops of bright and dark materials, perhaps suggesting some exotic composition.
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Cantlay AM, Lamb D, Gillooly M, Norrman J, Morrison D, Smith CA, Harrison DJ. Association between the CYP1A1 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to emphysema and lung cancer. Mol Pathol 2010; 48:M210-4. [PMID: 16696009 PMCID: PMC407965 DOI: 10.1136/mp.48.4.m210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Aim-To investigate cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) polymorphism and susceptibility to emphysema and lung cancer.Methods-A novel polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for genotyping the CYP1A1 polymorphism, corresponding to putative low or high enzyme activity, was developed to genotype lung cancer resection samples which had been assessed macroscopically for the presence of centriacinar and panacinar emphysema. Samples were collected and genotyped from a group of patients with chronic obstructive airways disease. A control group of anonymous blood donations was genotyped to determine the basal levels of the polymorphism in the Scottish population.Results-The high activity allele of the CYP1A1 gene is associated with susceptibility to centriacinar emphysema and lung cancer but not panacinar emphysema. CYP1A1 polymorphism is not linked to lung cancer in the absence of emphysema, nor to chronic obstructive airways disease which is the clinical manifestation of emphysema, particularly of the panacinar type.Conclusions-Susceptibility to emphysema and lung cancer is associated with polymorphism of the P4501A1 gene. A trend towards damage of centriacinar pattern has been detected, which supports the theory that centriacinar emphysema results from local, direct damage to the respiratory bronchioles from exposure to cigarette smoke.
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Ryan CM, Floras JS, Logan AG, Kimoff RJ, Series F, Morrison D, Ferguson KA, Belenkie I, Pfeifer M, Fleetham J, Hanly PJ, Smilovitch M, Arzt M, Bradley TD. Shift in sleep apnoea type in heart failure patients in the CANPAP trial. Eur Respir J 2010; 35:592-7. [PMID: 20190331 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00070509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In patients with heart failure (HF), the predominant type of sleep apnoea can change over time in association with alterations in circulation time. The aim of this study was to determine whether, in some patients with HF, a spontaneous shift from mainly central (>50% central events) to mainly obstructive (>50% obstructive events) sleep apnoea (CSA and OSA, respectively) over time coincides with improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Therefore, sleep studies and LVEFs of HF patients with CSA from the control arm of the Canadian Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Patients with Central Sleep Apnea and Heart Failure (CANPAP) trial were examined to determine whether some converted to mainly OSA and, if so, whether this was associated with an increase in LVEF. Of 98 patients with follow-up sleep studies and LVEFs, 18 converted spontaneously to predominantly OSA. Compared with those in the nonconversion group, those in the conversion group had a significantly greater increase in the LVEF (2.8% versus -0.07%) and a significantly greater fall in the lung-to-ear circulation time (-7.6 s versus 0.6 s). In patients with HF, spontaneous conversion from predominantly CSA to OSA is associated with an improvement in left ventricular systolic function. Future studies will be necessary to further examine this relationship.
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Trueman P, Haynes SM, Felicity Lyons G, Louise McCombie E, McQuigg MSA, Mongia S, Noble PA, Quinn MF, Ross HM, Thompson F, Broom JI, Laws RA, Reckless JPD, Kumar S, Lean MEJ, Frost GS, Finer N, Haslam DW, Morrison D, Sloan B. Long-term cost-effectiveness of weight management in primary care. Int J Clin Pract 2010; 64:775-83. [PMID: 20353431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2010.02349.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As obesity prevalence and health-care costs increase, Health Care providers must prevent and manage obesity cost-effectively. METHODS Using the 2006 NICE obesity health economic model, a primary care weight management programme (Counterweight) was analysed, evaluating costs and outcomes associated with weight gain for three obesity-related conditions (type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, colon cancer). Sensitivity analyses examined different scenarios of weight loss and background (untreated) weight gain. RESULTS Mean weight changes in Counterweight attenders was -3 kg and -2.3 kg at 12 and 24 months, both 4 kg below the expected 1 kg/year background weight gain. Counterweight delivery cost was pound59.83 per patient entered. Even assuming drop-outs/non-attenders at 12 months (55%) lost no weight and gained at the background rate, Counterweight was 'dominant' (cost-saving) under 'base-case scenario', where 12-month achieved weight loss was entirely regained over the next 2 years, returning to the expected background weight gain of 1 kg/year. Quality-adjusted Life-Year cost was pound2017 where background weight gain was limited to 0.5 kg/year, and pound2651 at 0.3 kg/year. Under a 'best-case scenario', where weights of 12-month-attenders were assumed thereafter to rise at the background rate, 4 kg below non-intervention trajectory (very close to the observed weight change), Counterweight remained 'dominant' with background weight gains 1 kg, 0.5 kg or 0.3 kg/year. CONCLUSION Weight management for obesity in primary care is highly cost-effective even considering only three clinical consequences. Reduced healthcare resources use could offset the total cost of providing the Counterweight Programme, as well as bringing multiple health and Quality of Life benefits.
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Petticrew M, Morrison D. Journal of another plague year. West J Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.b5033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Borucki WJ, Koch D, Jenkins J, Sasselov D, Gilliland R, Batalha N, Latham DW, Caldwell D, Basri G, Brown T, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Cochran WD, DeVore E, Dunham E, Dupree AK, Gautier T, Geary J, Gould A, Howell S, Kjeldsen H, Lissauer J, Marcy G, Meibom S, Morrison D, Tarter J. Kepler’s Optical Phase Curve of the Exoplanet HAT-P-7b. Science 2009; 325:709. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1178312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Fritschi L, Morrison D, Shirangi A, Day L. Psychological well-being of Australian veterinarians. Aust Vet J 2009; 87:76-81. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Derakhshan MH, Liptrot S, Paul J, Brown IL, Morrison D, McColl KEL. Oesophageal and gastric intestinal-type adenocarcinomas show the same male predominance due to a 17 year delayed development in females. Gut 2009; 58:16-23. [PMID: 18838486 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.161331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas show an unexplained male predominance that is more apparent in oesophagus than stomach and in intestinal than diffuse histological subtype. We have conducted a population-based study to determine whether the gender phenomenon is primarily related to the anatomical site or the histological subtype. METHOD AND MATERIALS Of 3270 gastric and oesophageal cancers recorded in the West of Scotland Cancer Registry, 1998-2002, 812 were randomly selected for detailed analysis. The Lauren histological subtype of adenocarcinoma was determined by reviewing 1204 original reports and 3241 biopsies. RESULTS Analysis included 405 non-cardia cancers, 173 cardia cancers and 209 oesophageal adenocarcinomas. Crude incidence rate of intestinal subtype was higher in males (23.86/100,000 person-years) versus females (9.00/100,000 person-years), giving a male/female (M/F) ratio of 2.65 whereas diffuse subtype was similar for both genders (5.58 vs 5.20/100,000 person-years) yielding M/F of 1.07. The M/F ratios for oesophageal, cardia and non-cardia gastric cancer were 3.5, 2.0 and 1.6, respectively. Multiple logistic regression indicated that the odds of male gender was related to the histological subtype rather than anatomical location (odds ratio 2.6, 95% confidence interval 1.78 to 3.9). Curve fitting of the age-specific incidence of intestinal subtype indicated that similar functions describe the rise in incidence with age in males and in females. However, the age-specific incidence of female intestinal subtype was delayed by 17.3 years. The M/F ratio of intestinal subtype was 3.41 at age <50 years, peaked at 7.86 at age 50-59 years and then showed a progressive decrease after 50-60 years of age. CONCLUSION Male predominance of upper gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma is related to the intestinal histological subtype rather than tumour location and is due to marked delayed development of this subtype in females prior to 50-60 years of age.
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Goering RV, Morrison D, Al-Doori Z, Edwards GFS, Gemmell CG. Usefulness of mec-associated direct repeat unit (dru) typing in the epidemiological analysis of highly clonal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Scotland. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:964-9. [PMID: 18828855 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of the epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA) strains EMRSA-15 and EMRSA-16 in Scotland has increased dramatically, now accounting for c. 70% and c. 20% of isolates, respectively. Epidemiological tracking of these EMRSA strains is difficult, as c. 50% of EMRSA-15 and c. 35% of EMRSA-16 isolates are indistinguishable using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and other typing methods. The usefulness of mec-associated direct repeat unit (dru) sequence analysis as a more sensitive approach to tracking the persistence and spread of these 'clonal' EMRSA strains in Scotland was evaluated. Analysis of 47 EMRSA-15 and 57 EMRSA-16 isolates (including two separately cultured isolates of the Harmony collection type strain) obtained from 22 hospital laboratories over an 8-year period (1997-2005) revealed 13 and 12 different dru types, respectively. Whereas some types appeared to be endemic in multiple hospitals, subtypes that may represent specific strain movement among hospitals in a given geographical region were identified in other instances. These results suggest that mec-associated dru typing may have potential for identifying and tracking specific subtypes of otherwise indistinguishable epidemic MRSA isolates such as those in Scotland.
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Grinberg A, Kingsbury DD, Gibson IR, Kirby BM, Mack HJ, Morrison D. Clinically overt infections with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin animals in New Zealand: A pilot study. N Z Vet J 2008; 56:237-42. [DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2008.36840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Angelis ALS, Antonenko V, Arefiev V, Astakhov V, Avdeitchikov V, Awes TC, Baba PVKS, Badyal SK, Bathe S, Batiounia B, Baumann C, Bernier T, Bhalla KB, Bhatia VS, Blume C, Bucher D, Büsching H, Carlén L, Chattopadhyay S, Decowski MP, Delagrange H, Donni P, Majumdar MRD, El Chenawi K, Dubey AK, Enosawa K, Fokin S, Frolov V, Ganti MS, Garpman S, Gavrishchuk O, Geurts FJM, Ghosh TK, Glasow R, Guskov B, Gustafsson HA, Gutbrod HH, Hrivnacova I, Ippolitov M, Kalechofsky H, Kamermans R, Karadjev K, Karpio K, Kolb BW, Kosarev I, Koutcheryaev I, Kugler A, Kulinich P, Kurata M, Lebedev A, Löhner H, Luquin L, Mahapatra DP, Manko V, Martin M, Martínez G, Maximov A, Miake Y, Mishra GC, Mohanty B, Mora MJ, Morrison D, Mukhanova T, Mukhopadhyay DS, Naef H, Nandi BK, Nayak SK, Nayak TK, Nianine A, Nikitine V, Nikolaev S, Nilsson P, Nishimura S, Nomokonov P, Nystrand J, Oskarsson A, Otterlund I, Pavliouk S, Peitzmann T, Peressounko D, Petracek V, Phatak SC, Pinganaud W, Plasil F, Purschke ML, Rak J, Rammler M, Raniwala R, Raniwala S, Rao NK, Retiere F, Reygers K, Roland G, Rosselet L, Roufanov I, Roy C, Rubio JM, Sambyal SS, Santo R, Sato S, Schlagheck H, Schmidt HR, Schutz Y, Shabratova G, Shah TH, Sibiriak I, Siemiarczuk T, Silvermyr D, Sinha BC, Slavine N, Söderström K, Sood G, Sørensen SP, Stankus P, Stefanek G, Steinberg P, Stenlund E, Sumbera M, Svensson T, Tsvetkov A, Tykarski L, V D Pijll EC, V Eijndhoven N, V Nieuwenhuizen GJ, Vinogradov A, Viyogi YP, Vodopianov A, Vörös S, Wysłouch B, Young GR. Suppression of high-p{T} neutral pion production in central Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[S{NN}]=17.3 GeV relative to p+C and p+Pb collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:242301. [PMID: 18643578 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.242301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Neutral pion transverse momentum spectra were measured in p+C and p+Pb collisions at sqrt[S{NN}]=17.4 GeV at midrapidity (2.3 less than or approximately equal eta{lab} less than or approximately equal 3.0) over the range 0.7 less than or approximately equal p{T} less than or approximately equal 3.5 GeV/c. The spectra are compared to pi{0} spectra measured in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt[S{NN}]=17.3 GeV in the same experiment. For a wide range of Pb+Pb centralities (N{part} less than or approximately equal 300), the yield of pi{0}'s with p{T} greater than or approximately equal 2 GeV/c is larger than or consistent with the p+C or p+Pb yields scaled with the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions (N{coll}), while for central Pb+Pb collisions with N{part}greater than or approximately equal 350, the pi{0} yield is suppressed.
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Fraser LA, Morrison D, Morley-Forster P, Paul TL, Tokmakejian S, Larry Nicholson R, Bureau Y, Friedman TC, Van Uum SHM. Oral opioids for chronic non-cancer pain: higher prevalence of hypogonadism in men than in women. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2008; 117:38-43. [PMID: 18523930 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1076715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The effect of chronic oral opioids on hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis in women, and on bone mineral density (BMD) in men and women is not known. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the effect of long-term oral opioids on gonadal status and BMD in male and female patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). We included 26 community-dwelling CNCP patients, 12 men and 14 premenopausal women, treated with oral opioids for at least one year. We obtained Visual Analogue Scale for pain score, BMD and plasma LH and FSH in all patients; menstrual history and estradiol in women; free androgen index and total and free testosterone in men. Men were older then women (p<0.05) and had used opioids for a longer period (7.2+/-3.8 and 4.1+/-1.8 years, respectively; p<0.05), but there was no difference in opioid dose or pain score between sexes. The prevalence of hypogonadism was high in men (75%), while only 21% of the women reported oligo- or amenorrhea indicating hypogonadism (P<0.01, between sexes). Osteopenia was found in 50% of men and 21% of women (p=NS). We conclude that in CNCP patients receiving chronic opioid therapy there is a much higher prevalence of hypogonadism in men then in women. This needs to be considered clinical practice.
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Knight HK, Strickland DJ, Hecht JH, Straus PR, Morrison D, Paxton LJ, Evans DS. Evidence for significantly greater N2Lyman-Birge-Hopfield emission efficiencies in proton versus electron aurora based on analysis of coincident DMSP SSUSI and SSJ/5 data. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007ja012728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Renwick L, Hardie A, Girvan EK, Smith M, Leadbetter G, Claas E, Morrison D, Gibb AP, Dave J, Templeton KE. Detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Panton-Valentine leukocidin directly from clinical samples and the development of a multiplex assay using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2008; 27:791-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-008-0503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Wilkinson D, Segura T, Prud’homme-Lalonde L, Mullins D, Lachapelle S, Qutob S, Thorleifson E, Wilkins R, Morrison D, Dolling JA, Boreham D. Canadian biodosimetry capacity for response to radiation emergencies. RADIAT MEAS 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2007.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Morrison D, Moskowitz N, Bhojwani D, Lee H, Patel B, Horton T, Raetz E, Carroll W. Endogenous knock-down of survival genes improves chemotherapeutic response in a T-ALL cell line. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.9522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9522 Background: New targets for more effective, less toxic therapeutic approaches to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be developed by discovering pathways unique to the blast. Using microarray technology, we identified potential target genes that are up-regulated at relapse compared to diagnosis (Blood 2006;108:711–7). Two genes, survivin and securin, were selected for analysis because they are involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis and cellular transformation. We hypothesized that decreasing endogenous expression of these genes would increase apoptosis and sensitize cells to chemotherapy. Methods: Short hairpin RNA constructs (shRNA) targeting both transcripts and a control shRNA were engineered. LSN2181295 (sodium salt of LY2181308), an antisense molecule targeting survivin developed by Eli Lilly and its mismatch control (LSN2293329) were also tested. The T- ALL cell line Molt4 was transiently transfected with shRNA constructs or antisense oligos. Western blot and qRT-PCR were performed to determine the time course of target knock-down while apoptosis was assessed by annexin-V labeling. Following transfection, cells were also treated with varying doses of etoposide and doxorubicin for 24 hrs prior to FACS analysis. Results: The survivin and securin shRNAs blocked endogenous gene expression by 80–90%, with maximal effect achieved at 48 hrs. Transfection of Molt4 cells with survivin and securin shRNAs induced ∼13% and 35% apoptosis, respectively, as compared to a control shRNA. When used in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, the shRNA constructs potentiated the effect of both doxorubicin and etoposide at low dosages (≤100 nM and ≤0.4 uM respectively, p values <0.01). The antisense survivin drug had a similar effect as the survivin shRNA and also potentiated the effect of vincristine. Conclusion: Targeting levels of survivin and securin in conjunction with standard chemotherapy maximizes leukemia cell kill and effectively lowers the amount of chemotherapy needed to achieve cell death. Such an approach may improve overall survival for patients at relapse and could also lead to the delivery of effective chemotherapy at less toxic doses. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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