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Baxi S, Sheehan W, Permaul P, Gaffin J, Rao D, Fu C, Rogers C, Muilenberg M, Hoffman E, Gold D, Phipatanakul W. Airborne Fungus Diversity and Concentrations in Inner City Elementary Schools. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Karlapudi S, Srikala D, Rao D. Hypothyroidism - A cause for dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs; four year study 2008-2011. Vet World 2012. [DOI: 10.5455/vetworld.2012.742-747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Liu J, Hu Y, Hu W, Xie X, Ela Bella A, Fu J, Rao D. Expression and prognostic relevance of p21WAF1 in stage III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Dis Esophagus 2012; 25:67-71. [PMID: 21689205 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2011.01217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic effect of p21(WAF1) expression on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients is controversial. Further clarifying the effect of this protein is beneficial for optimizing the patient outcomes. In the current study, we investigated the expression of p21(WAF1) protein in 189 specimens of stage III ESCC by immunohistochemistry. As shown by the Kaplan-Meier curve, the overall survival rate of the positive-expression group was significantly higher than that of the negative-expression group (P < 0.05). No significant correlation was observed between p21(WAF1) expression and clinicopathological parameters in terms of gender, age, tumor location, tumor grade, pathological stage, and number of regional lymph node metastases (P > 0.05). We concluded that p21(WAF1) played an intricate role in the tumorigenesis and development of ESCC. p21(WAF1) could serve as a positive prognostic predictor for stage III ESCC patients.
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Lin K, Xu G, Guo Y, Rao D, Ouyang H, Dang Y, Zhang M, Jia Y, Ma C. P-1096 - Integration of clinical, psychosocial, cognitive and genetic measures to predict antidepressant treatment outcome in mdd patients: a preliminary clinical study. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)75263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Xu G, Lin K, Guo Y, Rao D, Dang Y, Ouyang H, Ma J, Ma C. O-62 - Neuropsychological performance in bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar depression patients: a longitudinally naturalistic study. Eur Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(12)74162-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Venkateswarlu Y, Chinnababu B, Reddy S, Reddy D, Rao D. Stereoselective Concise Total Synthesis of Leodomycin C and D. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1289640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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57
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Doddamane M, Bhattacharjee P, Rao D. P2-S2.18 Are we doing enough to cover risk of STI/HIV transmission from the lovers "of female sex workers (FSWs)?". Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Liu S, Wang Z, Stehling K, Rao D, Zhou G, Maples P, Nemunaitis J, Fisher W, Brunicardi F. BIV-bi-shRNAiPDX-1 Targeting PDX-1 Therapy Prevents Hypoglycemic Death From Metastatic Insulinoma In Mice. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rao D, Gela N, Daley EM, Kattezham R, Rodriguez G, Cella D. Developing a measure of health-related quality of life for women with cervical dysplasia resulting from human papillomavirus infection. Int J STD AIDS 2010; 21:697-701. [PMID: 21139148 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2010.010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the USA, and has major physical and psychological consequences including fear, anxiety and stigma. To date, there is no measure of health-related quality of life specifically designed to assess symptoms and functioning for people with cervical dysplasia resulting from HPV infection. In the present study, we set out to develop a disease-specific measure of health-related quality of life among women with low-grade cervical dysplasia. We conducted literature reviews, open-ended interviews with patients, clinician surveys and cognitive interviews which guided item development. The result is a preliminary 36-item measure, the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Cervical Dysplasia (FACIT-CD), which sets out to assess the physical and psychological health-related quality-of-life aspects of cervical dysplasia and will be validated in an upcoming study.
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Pearson CR, Micek MA, Pfeiffer J, Montoya P, Matediane E, Jonasse T, Cunguara A, Rao D, Gloyd SS. One year after ART initiation: psychosocial factors associated with stigma among HIV-positive Mozambicans. AIDS Behav 2009; 13:1189-96. [PMID: 19639405 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-009-9596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 07/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathways through which stigma is associated with psychological distress remains understudied in Africa. This study evaluates stigma among 277 Mozambicans who were on an antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens for a full year. Using bivariate and multiple regression analyses, we examine psychosocial factors (disclosure decisions, perceived social support, and depression) associated with stigma, at ART initiation and 1 year later. We found 1 year after initiating ART, participants reported no change in stigma, a decrease in perceived social support, and an increase in depressive symptomology. Disclosing HIV status to friends (versus family or partner) was associated with lower levels of stigma. These findings suggest that HIV care in comparable settings should include counselling, support groups, and peer support, that includes stigma and disclosure concerns prior to and during the first year following diagnosis. Most importantly, assessment and treatment of depression should be incorporated into ongoing HIV care.
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Rao D, Chen Y, Zhu H, He Y, Chen Z, Yang S, Yu H, Yu K. UP-1.006: The Diagnosis and Treatment of Iatrogenic Ureteral and Bladder Injury: 44 Cases Reported. Urology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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62
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Benjamin A, Moriakova A, Akhter N, Rao D, Xie H, Kukreja S, Barengolts E. Determinants of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in African-American and Caucasian male veterans. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:1795-803. [PMID: 19280273 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-009-0873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Among 307 males seen in VA Medical Center, independent determinants (p < 0.01 for all) of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels included race, vitamin D supplements, BMI, dietary calcium intake and smoking, but not age. Negative association between 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) was similar for Caucasian and African-American men. INTRODUCTION In this prospective cohort study, we examined determinants of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and the relationship between 25(OH)D and PTH levels and body mass index (BMI). METHODS Male veterans (n = 307) were recruited at a VA Medical Center. Serum levels of PTH and 25(OH)D were obtained. Surveys and chart reviews were completed. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined as 25(OH)D <30 ng/ml. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Among 232 African-American (AA) men (mean +/- SD), 25(OH)D level (21.4 +/- 10.4 ng/ml) was lower and prevalence of insufficiency (80%) was higher than among 75 Caucasians (C; 28.5 +/- 11.1 ng/ml and 53%, respectively, p < 0.01 for both). In multivariate regression analysis, independent determinants (p < 0.01 for all) of 25(OH)D levels included AA race, vitamin D supplements, BMI, dietary calcium intake, and smoking. Despite lower 25(OH)D levels in African-Americans, PTH levels were similar to those seen in Caucasians. There was a significant (p < 0.02) negative linear association between 25(OH)D and PTH in African-American (r(2) = 0.05) and Caucasian (r(2) = 0.08) men, and there was no difference between the slopes of the relationship. CONCLUSIONS 25(OH)D levels are determined by modifiable risk factors such as vitamin D supplementation in both AA and C males. The negative association between 25(OH)D and PTH is similar between the two races.
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Rao D, Hamilton E, Glennie L, McConnell D, Millar BC, Rooney RJ, Goldsmith CE, Loughrey A, Shields M, Moore JE. Should long-haul flights carry antibiotics on board to treat acute bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia? Br J Biomed Sci 2009; 65:201-2. [PMID: 19181040 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2008.11978130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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64
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Kini JR, Jeyraj V, Jayaprakash CS, Indira S, Naik CNR, Rao D. Intraoperative smear cytology of meningeal melanocytoma of the posterior fossa. Cytopathology 2009; 20:59-62. [PMID: 18093219 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2007.00536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kraja A, Province M, Huang P, Jarvis J, Rice T, Cheverud J, Rao D. Trends in Metabolic Syndrome and Gene Networks in Human and Rodent Models. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2008; 8:198-207. [DOI: 10.2174/187153008785700145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nemunaitis J, Senzer N, Khalil I, Shen Y, Kumar P, Tong A, Kuhn J, Lamont J, Nemunaitis M, Rao D, Zhang YA, Zhou Y, Vorhies J, Maples P, Hill C, Shanahan D. Proof concept for clinical justification of network mapping for personalized cancer therapeutics. Cancer Gene Ther 2007; 14:686-95. [PMID: 17541424 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7701057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To identify signature targets associated with patient-specific cancer lesions based on tumor versus normal tissue differential protein and mRNA coexpression patterns for the purpose of synthesizing cancer-specific customized RNA interference knockdown therapeutics. Analysis of biopsied tissue involved two-dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) analysis coupled with MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry for proteomic assessment. Standard microarray techniques were utilized for mRNA analysis. Priority was assigned to overexpressed protein targets with co-overexpressed genes with a high likelihood of functional nodal centrality in the cancer network as defined by the interactive databases BIND, HPRD and ResNet. HPLC-grade small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplexes were utilized to assess knockdown of target proteins in expressive cell lines as measured by western blot. Seven patients with metastatic cancer underwent biopsy. One patient (RW001) had biopsies from two disease sites 10 months apart. Seven priority proteins were identified, one for each patient (RACK 1, Ras related nuclear protein, heat-shock 27 kDa protein 1, superoxide dismutase, enolase1, stathmin1 and cofilin1). Prioritized proteins in RW001 from the two disease sites over time were the same. We demonstrated >80% siRNA inhibition of RACK 1 and stathmin1 of inexpressive malignant cell lines with correlated cell kill. Identification of functionally relevant target gene fingerprints, unique to an individual's cancer, is feasible 'at the bedside' and can be utilized to synthesize siRNA knockdown therapeutics. Further animal safety testing followed by clinical study is recommended.
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Rao D, Kekwaletswe TC, Hosek S, Martinez J, Rodriguez F. Stigma and social barriers to medication adherence with urban youth living with HIV. AIDS Care 2007; 19:28-33. [PMID: 17129855 DOI: 10.1080/09540120600652303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Youth adherence to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) is poor, and little research exists that identifies the reasons youth have difficulty adhering to medications. Given that complete adherence is necessary for favourable health outcomes, it is essential to examine the obstacles youth face in adhering to HAART. The present investigation sought to identify these barriers and to systematically examine the experiences and attitudes youth have towards medications. Twenty-five adolescents and young adults presenting to a public primary care facility for treatment of HIV infection were asked to participate in focus groups which explored their attitudes and experiences around medication adherence. Participants provided richly detailed descriptions of the challenges of managing HIV stigma and their efforts to hide their status from friends, family, doctors, and even themselves. Fifty percent of respondents indicated that they skipped doses because they feared family or friends would discover their status. These results suggest that HIV stigma impacts treatment for youth on several levels, from the accuracy of communication with medical providers to medication adherence, subsequent health outcomes, and the emergence of treatment resistant strains.
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Rao D, Young M, Raguram R. Culture, somatization, and psychological distress: symptom presentation in South Indian patients from a public psychiatric hospital. Psychopathology 2007; 40:349-55. [PMID: 17657134 DOI: 10.1159/000106312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of clinical research studies have found evidence that patients from Western and non-Western countries express both somatic and psychological symptoms. Although somatic and psychological symptoms appear to coexist, patients may express more of one type of symptom, somatic or psychological, over the other depending upon the nature of the illness and the patients' psychosocial contexts. SAMPLING AND METHODS The present study investigated the influence of Westernization, stigma, severity of symptoms, and other factors on the symptom presentation of 60 South Indian psychiatric patients, using both open-ended and symptom-directed interviewing methods. Symptom presentation was explored in terms of a balance of psychological and somatic symptoms. RESULTS Participants predominantly emphasized somatic symptoms as their first spontaneously reported symptom. More Westernized participants and those with higher symptom severity scores tended to present a more psychological balance of symptoms. Participants with a greater concern about stigma tended to present a more somatic balance of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that several factors, including the Westernization that occurs in non-Western countries as a result of globalization, can impact an individual's expression of distress.
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Goodwin P, Rao D, Ruth TJ. Review - an introduction to the physics of nuclear medicine. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.2580160521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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70
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Herberstein M, Law E, Rao D, Hoese F. Distinctive yellow bands on a sit-and-wait predator: prey attractant or camouflage? BEHAVIOUR 2006. [DOI: 10.1163/156853906777791333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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71
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Rao D. 344 Making maps work developing an integrated sustainable transport mapping system for Melbourne. J Sci Med Sport 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s1440-2440(17)30841-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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72
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Rao D, Rao JR, Crothers E, McMullan R, McDowell D, McMahon A, Rooney PJ, Millar BC, Moore JE. Increased erythromycin resistance in clinical Campylobacter in Northern Ireland—an update. J Antimicrob Chemother 2005; 55:395-6. [PMID: 15681584 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkh552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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73
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Rao DN, Yelleswarapu C, Kothapalli SR, Rao D, Kimball B. Self-diffraction in bacteriorhodopsin films for low power optical limiting. OPTICS EXPRESS 2003; 11:2848-2853. [PMID: 19471404 DOI: 10.1364/oe.11.002848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated a novel technique for low power optical limiting using self-diffraction in bacteriorhodopsin (bR) films. A cw Ar-Kr laser is used as the pump (input beam, 568 nm) and the output is the first order self-diffracted beam with an observed efficiency of about 0.01%. Input beam intensity is varied over three orders of magnitude in the range of milliwatt to watts per cm2 with output clamped at eye safe level of about 0.13 mW/cm2. Threshold intensity for limiting is governed by the saturation intensity of M-state of bR and hence can be varied by choosing films with different lifetimes.
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Cravedi JP, Boudry G, Baradat M, Rao D, Debrauwer L. Metabolic fate of 2,4-dichloroaniline, prochloraz and nonylphenol diethoxylate in rainbow trout: a comparative in vivo/in vitro approach. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2001; 53:159-172. [PMID: 11408077 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-445x(01)00163-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism and distribution of 2,4-dichloroaniline (2,4-DCA), prochloraz and 4-n-nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) were investigated in vivo and in vitro in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Each compound was administered p.o. (10 mg/kg wet weight) and urine was collected during 48 h (2,4-DCA, prochloraz) or 72 h (NP2EO). Fish were sacrificed, the gall bladder was excised and radioactivity was measured in tissues, viscera and carcasses. Metabolic profiles were performed by radio-HPLC and when possible metabolites were identified by LC/MS. For comparison, the biotransformation of these xenobiotics was also investigated in freshly isolated hepatocytes. The metabolic pathways of 2,4-DCA have been identified leading to the glucuronide conjugate (in vivo) and to the glucuronide conjugate and the hydroxylamine metabolite (in vitro). This difference highlights the usefulness of the hepatocyte system in metabolic studies, since the formation of the hydroxylamine reactive metabolite cannot be demonstrated in vivo. For prochloraz, we observed that residue levels are significantly higher in males than in females for gill, fat, brain and carcasses, however, the reasons for this difference remain unclear. Although, the presence of glucuronide conjugates was detected in vivo and in vitro, the chemical structure of isolated metabolites has to be determined. However, the comparison of the in vivo versus in vitro metabolic profiles indicates that several peaks, probably corresponding to intermediate metabolites, were present only in hepatocyte incubations. Biotransformation of NP2EO occurred in vivo and in vitro in rainbow trout, but did not result in the formation of 4-n-NP. The major metabolite present in bile corresponded to the NP2EO-glucuronide but this metabolite was not found in vitro. It is concluded that hepatocytes may produce a different metabolic pattern than in the whole fish, but may also give evidence of a metabolic pathway difficult to apprehend in vivo.
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Fechter LD, Chen GD, Rao D, Larabee J. Predicting exposure conditions that facilitate the potentiation of noise-induced hearing loss by carbon monoxide. Toxicol Sci 2000; 58:315-23. [PMID: 11099644 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/58.2.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common occupational disease in the United States, with noise serving as the presumed causative agent in most instances. This investigation characterizes the exposure conditions that facilitate the potentiation of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) by carbon monoxide (CO). Auditory function was compared in rats exposed 4 weeks earlier to noise alone, CO alone, combined exposure, and air in the exposure chamber. This interval between exposure and auditory threshold assessment was selected to permit recovery of temporary threshold shifts. The compound action potential (CAP) threshold evoked by pure tone stimuli was used as a measure of auditory sensitivity. The no adverse effect level (NOAEL) with respect to potentiation of NIHL was found to be 300 ppm CO. Potentiation of NIHL by CO increases linearly as CO concentration increases between 500 -1500 ppm. Benchmark dose software (version 1. 1B) published by the U.S. EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment was employed to determine a benchmark concentration of CO that produced either a 5-dB potentiation of NIHL or an increase in auditory threshold equivalent to 10% of the effect of noise alone. The lower bound for these benchmark concentrations were 320 and 194 ppm CO, respectively. Unlike CO dose, the relationship between noise severity and potentiation of NIHL by CO shows a nonlinear relationship. The greatest potentiation was observed at moderate noise exposures (100 dB, 2-h, octave band-limited noise, or OBN) that produce limited permanent threshold shifts. Repeated exposures to 95-dB noise for 2-h periods in combination with 1200 ppm CO also yielded potentiation of NIHL, though such effects were not observed following a single combined exposure. These results underscore the potential risk of hearing loss from combined exposure to noise and CO, and the risks associated with repeated exposure.
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