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Borzi RA, Gómez Albarracín FA, Rosales HD, Rossini GL, Steppke A, Prabhakaran D, Mackenzie AP, Cabra DC, Grigera SA. Intermediate magnetization state and competing orders in Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12592. [PMID: 27558021 PMCID: PMC5007346 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the frustrated magnetic materials, spin-ice stands out as a particularly interesting system. Residual entropy, freezing and glassiness, Kasteleyn transitions and fractionalization of excitations in three dimensions all stem from a simple classical Hamiltonian. But is the usual spin-ice Hamiltonian a correct description of the experimental systems? Here we address this issue by measuring magnetic susceptibility in the two most studied spin-ice compounds, Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7, using a vector magnet. Using these results, and guided by a theoretical analysis of possible distortions to the pyrochlore lattice, we construct an effective Hamiltonian and explore it using Monte Carlo simulations. We show how this Hamiltonian reproduces the experimental results, including the formation of a phase of intermediate polarization, and gives important information about the possible ground state of real spin-ice systems. Our work suggests an unusual situation in which distortions might contribute to the preservation rather than relief of the effects of frustration. A classical Hamiltonian captures key properties of spin ice materials such as residual entropy and fractionalized excitations. Here, the authors present experimental results of the polarization transition that motivate a Hamiltonian with lattice distortions, which predicts an intermediate magnetization state and competing ground state orders.
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Donnerer C, Rahn MC, Sala MM, Vale JG, Pincini D, Strempfer J, Krisch M, Prabhakaran D, Boothroyd AT, McMorrow DF. All-in-all-Out Magnetic Order and Propagating Spin Waves in Sm_{2}Ir_{2}O_{7}. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:037201. [PMID: 27472131 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.037201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Using resonant magnetic x-ray scattering we address the unresolved nature of the magnetic ground state and the low-energy effective Hamiltonian of Sm_{2}Ir_{2}O_{7}, a prototypical pyrochlore iridate with a finite temperature metal-insulator transition. Through a combination of elastic and inelastic measurements, we show that the magnetic ground state is an all-in-all-out (AIAO) antiferromagnet. The magnon dispersion indicates significant electronic correlations and can be well described by a minimal Hamiltonian that includes Heisenberg exchange [J=27.3(6) meV] and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions [D=4.9(3) meV], which provides a consistent description of the magnetic order and excitations. In establishing that Sm_{2}Ir_{2}O_{7} has the requisite inversion symmetry preserving AIAO magnetic ground state, our results support the notion that pyrochlore iridates may host correlated Weyl semimetals.
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Devarajan R, Singh K, Kondal D, Shivashankar R, Narayan K, Prabhakaran D, Tandon N, Ali M. PT316 Associations Between Blood Pressure- and Lipid-Lowering Medications Use and Cardiac Risk Factor Control: Findings From the Carrs Trial. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Vamadevan A, Jindal D, Venugopal V, Roy A, Tandon N, Prabhakaran D. PS208 Improved Blood Pressure Associated With Mpower Heart Intervention: A Multi-Faceted Intervention for Hypertension in India. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Vamadevan A, Jindal D, Jha D, Venugopal V, Gupta P, Roy A, Prieto D, Perel P, Tandon N, Patel V, Prabhakaran D. PT204 Mwellcare Trial: A Multi-Center, Cluster Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Mwellcare, an Mhealth System for an Integrated Management of Patients With Hypertension and Diabetes in India. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Gupta P, Sinha S, Joshi M, Vats S, Sharma M, Srivastava R, Bhalla S, Mohan V, Tandon N, Unnikrishnan A, Reddy K, Prabhakaran D. PS218 Education Programs for Primary Care Physicians: An Experience From Various Capacity Building Initiatives on Chronic Conditions in India. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Devarajan R, Singh K, Kondal D, Shivashankar R, Narayan K, Prabhakaran D, Tandon N, Ali M. PT315 Effects of a Multicomponent Intervention Strategy on Processes of Care and Cardiac Risk Factor Control in Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Patients: The Carrs Trial. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Jain D, Mishra A, Sinha S, Gupta P, Srivastava R, Deshpande S, Prabhakaran D, Unnikrishnan A, Bhalla S. PT014 Quality Improvement and Assurance of a Cardio-Diabetes Education Programme: A Pan India Initiative for Primary Care Physicians. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Singh K, Chandra Sekaran A, Bhaumik S, Chattopadhyay K, Gamage A, Silva P, Roy A, Tandon N, Prabhakaran D. PM034 Evidence on Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions to Control Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus in South Asia: A Systematic Review. Glob Heart 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.03.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Babkevich P, Freeman PG, Enderle M, Prabhakaran D, Boothroyd AT. Direct evidence for charge stripes in a layered cobalt oxide. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11632. [PMID: 27212023 PMCID: PMC4879241 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent experiments indicate that static stripe-like charge order is generic to the hole-doped copper oxide superconductors and competes with superconductivity. Here we show that a similar type of charge order is present in La5/3Sr1/3CoO4, an insulating analogue of the copper oxide superconductors containing cobalt in place of copper. The stripe phase we have detected is accompanied by short-range, quasi-one-dimensional, antiferromagnetic order, and provides a natural explanation for the distinctive hourglass shape of the magnetic spectrum previously observed in neutron-scattering measurements of La2−xSrxCoO4 and many hole-doped copper oxide superconductors. The results establish a solid empirical basis for theories of the hourglass spectrum built on short-range, quasi-static, stripe correlations. The nature of the magnetic ground state giving rise to the hourglass-shaped magnetic spectrum common among high-Tc superconductors is a matter of debate. Here, Babkevich et al. detect the presence of stripe charge order accompanied by quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnetic order in La5/3Sr1/3CoO4, providing a natural explanation for this characteristic spectrum.
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Liu ZK, Yang LX, Sun Y, Zhang T, Peng H, Yang HF, Chen C, Zhang Y, Guo YF, Prabhakaran D, Schmidt M, Hussain Z, Mo SK, Felser C, Yan B, Chen YL. Evolution of the Fermi surface of Weyl semimetals in the transition metal pnictide family. NATURE MATERIALS 2016; 15:27-31. [PMID: 26524130 DOI: 10.1038/nmat4457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Topological Weyl semimetals (TWSs) represent a novel state of topological quantum matter which not only possesses Weyl fermions (massless chiral particles that can be viewed as magnetic monopoles in momentum space) in the bulk and unique Fermi arcs generated by topological surface states, but also exhibits appealing physical properties such as extremely large magnetoresistance and ultra-high carrier mobility. Here, by performing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on NbP and TaP, we directly observed their band structures with characteristic Fermi arcs of TWSs. Furthermore, by systematically investigating NbP, TaP and TaAs from the same transition metal monopnictide family, we discovered their Fermiology evolution with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) strength. Our experimental findings not only reveal the mechanism to realize and fine-tune the electronic structures of TWSs, but also provide a rich material base for exploring many exotic physical phenomena (for example, chiral magnetic effects, negative magnetoresistance, and the quantum anomalous Hall effect) and novel future applications.
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Naraginti S, Thejaswini TVL, Prabhakaran D, Sivakumar A, Satyanarayana VSV, Arun Prasad AS. Enhanced photo-catalytic activity of Sr and Ag co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for the degradation of Direct Green-6 and Reactive Blue-160 under UV & visible light. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 149:571-579. [PMID: 25983059 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.04.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work is focused on sol-gel synthesis of silver and strontium co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles and their utilization as photo-catalysts in degradation of two textile dyes. Effect of pH, intensity of light, amount of photo-catalyst, concentration of dye, sensitizers, etc., were studied to optimize conditions for obtaining enhanced photo-catalytic activity of synthesized nanoparticles. XRD, BET, HR-TEM, EDAX and UV-Vis (diffused reflectance mode) techniques were used to characterize the nanoparticles. Interestingly, band gap of Sr and Ag co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles showed considerable narrowing (2.6 eV) when compared to Ag doped TiO2 (2.7 eV) and undoped TiO2 (3.17 eV) nanoparticles. Incorporation of Ag and Sr in the lattice of TiO2 could bring isolated energy levels near conduction and valence bands thus narrowing band gap. The XRD analysis shows that both Ag and Sr nanoparticles are finely dispersed on the surface of titania framework, without disturbing its crystalline structure. TEM images indicate that representative grain sizes of Ag-doped TiO2 & Sr and Ag co-doped TiO2 nanoparticles are in the range of 8-20 nm and 11-25 nm, respectively. Effective degradation of Direct Green-6 (DG-6) and Reactive Blue-160 (RB-160) under UV and visible light has been achieved using the photo-catalysts. Sr and Ag co-doped TiO2 photo-catalysts showed higher catalytic activity during degradation process in visible region when compared to Ag-doped and undoped TiO2 nanoparticles which could be attributed to the interactive effect caused by band gap narrowing and enhancement in charge separation. For confirming degradation of the dyes, total organic carbon (TOC) content was monitored periodically.
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Narayanan A, Watson MD, Blake SF, Bruyant N, Drigo L, Chen YL, Prabhakaran D, Yan B, Felser C, Kong T, Canfield PC, Coldea AI. Linear magnetoresistance caused by mobility fluctuations in n-doped Cd(3)As(2). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:117201. [PMID: 25839304 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.117201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cd(3)As(2) is a candidate three-dimensional Dirac semimetal which has exceedingly high mobility and nonsaturating linear magnetoresistance that may be relevant for future practical applications. We report magnetotransport and tunnel diode oscillation measurements on Cd(3)As(2), in magnetic fields up to 65 T and temperatures between 1.5 and 300 K. We find that the nonsaturating linear magnetoresistance persists up to 65 T and it is likely caused by disorder effects, as it scales with the high mobility rather than directly linked to Fermi surface changes even when approaching the quantum limit. From the observed quantum oscillations, we determine the bulk three-dimensional Fermi surface having signatures of Dirac behavior with a nontrivial Berry phase shift, very light effective quasiparticle masses, and clear deviations from the band-structure predictions. In very high fields we also detect signatures of large Zeeman spin splitting (g∼16).
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Gupta V, Millett C, Walia GK, Kinra S, Aggarwal A, Prabhakaran P, Bhogadi S, Kumar A, Gupta R, Prabhakaran D, Reddy KS, Smith GD, Ben-Shlomo Y, Krishna KVR, Ebrahim S. Socio-economic patterning of cardiometabolic risk factors in rural and peri-urban India: Andhra Pradesh children and parents study (APCAPS). JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-HEIDELBERG 2015; 23:129-136. [PMID: 26000232 PMCID: PMC4434856 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-015-0662-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aim To assess the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors by socio-economic position (SEP) in rural and peri-urban Indian population. Subjects and methods Cross-sectional survey of 3,948 adults (1,154 households) from Telangana (2010–2012) was conducted to collect questionnaire-based data, physical measurements and fasting blood samples. We compared the prevalence of risk factors and their clustering by SEP adjusting for age using the Mantel Hansel test. Results Men and women with no education had higher prevalence of increased waist circumference (men: 8 vs. 6.4 %, P < 0.001; women: 20.9 vs. 12.0 %, P = 0.01), waist-hip ratio (men: 46.5 vs. 25.8 %, P = 0.003; women: 58.8 vs. 29.2 %, P = 0.04) and regular alcohol intake (61.7 vs. 32.5 %, P < 0.001; women: 25.7 vs. 3.8 %, P < 0.001) than educated participants. Unskilled participants had higher prevalence of regular alcohol intake (men: 57.7 vs. 38.7 %, P = 0.001; women: 28.3 vs. 7.3 %, P < 0.001). In contrast, participants with a higher standard of living index had higher prevalence of diabetes (top third vs. bottom third: men 5.2 vs. 3.5 %, P = 0.004; women 5.5 vs. 2.4 %, P = 0.003), hyperinsulinemia (men 29.5 vs. 16.3 %, P = 0.002; women 31.1 vs. 14.3 %, P < 0.001), obesity (men 23.3 vs. 10.6 %, P < 0.001; women 25.9 vs. 12.8 %, P < 0.001), and raised LDL (men 16.8 vs. 11.4 %, P = 0.001; women 21.3 vs. 14.0 %, P < 0.001). Conclusions Cardiometabolic risk factors are common in rural India but do not show a consistent association with SEP except for higher prevalence of smoking and regular alcohol intake in lower SEP group. Strategies to address the growing burden of cardiometabolic diseases in urbanizing rural India should be assessed for their potential impact on social inequalities in health.
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Roy A, Praveen PA, Lakshmy R, Gupta R, Reddy KS, Prabhakaran D, Krishnan A. RAPID ESCALATION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTOR BURDEN IN RURAL AREAS OF NATIONAL CAPITAL REGION OF DELHI OVER TWENTY YEARS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(15)61456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Foronda FR, Lang F, Möller JS, Lancaster T, Boothroyd AT, Pratt FL, Giblin SR, Prabhakaran D, Blundell SJ. Anisotropic local modification of crystal field levels in Pr-based pyrochlores: a muon-induced effect modeled using density functional theory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 114:017602. [PMID: 25615502 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.017602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Although muon spin relaxation is commonly used to probe local magnetic order, spin freezing, and spin dynamics, we identify an experimental situation in which the measured response is dominated by an effect resulting from the muon-induced local distortion rather than the intrinsic behavior of the host compound. We demonstrate this effect in some quantum spin ice candidate materials Pr(2)B(2)O(7) (B=Sn, Zr, Hf), where we detect a static distribution of magnetic moments that appears to grow on cooling. Using density functional theory we show how this effect can be explained via a hyperfine enhancement arising from a splitting of the non-Kramers doublet ground states on Pr ions close to the muon, which itself causes a highly anisotropic distortion field. We provide a quantitative relationship between this effect and the measured temperature dependence of the muon relaxation and discuss the relevance of these observations to muon experiments in other magnetic materials.
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Anchala R, Kaptoge S, Pant H, Di Angelantonio E, Franco OH, Prabhakaran D. Evaluation of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a clinical decision support system in managing hypertension in resource constrained primary health care settings: results from a cluster randomized trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2015; 4:e001213. [PMID: 25559011 PMCID: PMC4330052 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Randomized control trials from the developed world report that clinical decision support systems (DSS) could provide an effective means to improve the management of hypertension (HTN). However, evidence from developing countries in this regard is rather limited, and there is a need to assess the impact of a clinical DSS on managing HTN in primary health care center (PHC) settings. Methods and Results We performed a cluster randomized trial to test the effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness of a clinical DSS among Indian adult hypertensive patients (between 35 and 64 years of age), wherein 16 PHC clusters from a district of Telangana state, India, were randomized to receive either a DSS or a chart‐based support (CBS) system. Each intervention arm had 8 PHC clusters, with a mean of 102 hypertensive patients per cluster (n=845 in DSS and 783 in CBS groups). Mean change in systolic blood pressure (SBP) from baseline to 12 months was the primary endpoint. The mean difference in SBP change from baseline between the DSS and CBS at the 12th month of follow‐up, adjusted for age, sex, height, waist, body mass index, alcohol consumption, vegetable intake, pickle intake, and baseline differences in blood pressure, was −6.59 mm Hg (95% confidence interval: −12.18 to −1.42; P=0.021). The cost‐effective ratio for CBS and DSS groups was $96.01 and $36.57 per mm of SBP reduction, respectively. Conclusion Clinical DSS are effective and cost‐effective in the management of HTN in resource‐constrained PHC settings. Clinical Trial Registration URL: http://www.ctri.nic.in. Unique identifier: CTRI/2012/03/002476.
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Mathur M, Singh A, Dhillon P, Dey S, Sullivan R, Jain K, Arora M, Patel T, Prabhakaran D, Rajaraman P. Strategies for cancer prevention in India—Catching the ‘low hanging fruits’. J Cancer Policy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2014.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Soundararajan S, Narayanan G, Agrawal A, Prabhakaran D, Murthy P. P-16 * THE ROLE OF PERSONALITY AND RELAPSE IN ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE. Alcohol Alcohol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agu054.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Liu ZK, Jiang J, Zhou B, Wang ZJ, Zhang Y, Weng HM, Prabhakaran D, Mo SK, Peng H, Dudin P, Kim T, Hoesch M, Fang Z, Dai X, Shen ZX, Feng DL, Hussain Z, Chen YL. A stable three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal Cd3As2. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:677-81. [PMID: 24859642 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) topological Dirac semimetals (TDSs) are a recently proposed state of quantum matter that have attracted increasing attention in physics and materials science. A 3D TDS is not only a bulk analogue of graphene; it also exhibits non-trivial topology in its electronic structure that shares similarities with topological insulators. Moreover, a TDS can potentially be driven into other exotic phases (such as Weyl semimetals, axion insulators and topological superconductors), making it a unique parent compound for the study of these states and the phase transitions between them. Here, by performing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we directly observe a pair of 3D Dirac fermions in Cd3As2, proving that it is a model 3D TDS. Compared with other 3D TDSs, for example, β-cristobalite BiO2 (ref. 3) and Na3Bi (refs 4, 5), Cd3As2 is stable and has much higher Fermi velocities. Furthermore, by in situ doping we have been able to tune its Fermi energy, making it a flexible platform for exploring exotic physical phenomena.
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Sala G, Gutmann MJ, Prabhakaran D, Pomaranski D, Mitchelitis C, Kycia JB, Porter DG, Castelnovo C, Goff JP. Vacancy defects and monopole dynamics in oxygen-deficient pyrochlores. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:488-493. [PMID: 24728463 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The idea of magnetic monopoles in spin ice has enjoyed much success at intermediate temperatures, but at low temperatures a description in terms of monopole dynamics alone is insufficient. Recently, numerical simulations were used to argue that magnetic impurities account for this discrepancy by introducing a magnetic equivalent of residual resistance in the system. Here we propose that oxygen deficiency is the leading cause of magnetic impurities in as-grown samples, and we determine the defect structure and magnetism in Y2Ti2O7-δ using diffuse neutron scattering and magnetization measurements. These defects are eliminated by oxygen annealing. The introduction of oxygen vacancies causes Ti(4+) to transform to magnetic Ti(3+) with quenched orbital magnetism, but the concentration is anomalously low. In the spin-ice material Dy2Ti2O7 we find that the same oxygen-vacancy defects suppress moments on neighbouring rare-earth sites, and that these magnetic distortions markedly slow down the long-time monopole dynamics at sub-Kelvin temperatures.
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Roy A, Prabhakaran D, Lakshmy R, Tandon N, Rana T, Bahl V, Reddy K. PT252 Independent Association of Severe Vitamin D Deficiency As a Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Indians. Glob Heart 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gheart.2014.03.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Liu ZK, Zhou B, Zhang Y, Wang ZJ, Weng HM, Prabhakaran D, Mo SK, Shen ZX, Fang Z, Dai X, Hussain Z, Chen YL. Discovery of a three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal, Na3Bi. Science 2014; 343:864-7. [PMID: 24436183 DOI: 10.1126/science.1245085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 528] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) topological Dirac semimetals (TDSs) represent an unusual state of quantum matter that can be viewed as "3D graphene." In contrast to 2D Dirac fermions in graphene or on the surface of 3D topological insulators, TDSs possess 3D Dirac fermions in the bulk. By investigating the electronic structure of Na3Bi with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we detected 3D Dirac fermions with linear dispersions along all momentum directions. Furthermore, we demonstrated the robustness of 3D Dirac fermions in Na3Bi against in situ surface doping. Our results establish Na3Bi as a model system for 3D TDSs, which can serve as an ideal platform for the systematic study of quantum phase transitions between rich topological quantum states.
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Pradhan M, Taylor F, Agrawal S, Prabhakaran D, Ebrahim S. FOOD ACQUISITION AND INTRA-HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS: A STUDY OF LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME URBAN HOUSEHOLDS IN DELHI, INDIA. INDIAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH 2013; 25:391-402. [PMID: 25473147 PMCID: PMC4248079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food habits and choices in India are shifting due to many factors: changing food markets, fast urbanization, food price inflation, uncertain food production and unequal distribution during the past decade. This study aims to explore food acquisition and intra-household consumption patterns in urban low and middle income (LMI) households in Delhi. METHODS Twenty households were randomly selected from the Center for Cardio-metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) surveillance study. Data were derived from 20 questionnaires administered to women responsible for food preparation, four key-informant-interviews, and 20 in-depth interviews with household heads during September-November 2011. STATA and ATLAS.ti software were used for data analysis. RESULTS Half of the households spent at least two-thirds of their income on food. The major expenditures were on vegetables (22% of total food expenditure), milk and milk products (16%), and cereal and related products (15%). Income, food prices, food preferences, and seasonal variation influenced food expenditure. Adults usually ate two to three times a day while children ate more frequently. Eating sequence was based on the work pattern within the household and cultural beliefs. Contrary to previous evidence, there was no gender bias in intra-household food distribution. Women considered food acquisition, preparation and distribution part of their self-worth and played a major role in food related issues in the household. CONCLUSION Women's key roles in food acquisition, preparation and intra household food consumption should be considered in formulating food policies and programs.
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Roy A, Praveen PA, Anand K, Ritvik A, Lakshmy R, Gupta R, Reddy KS, Tandon N, Prabhakaran D. A community study of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in urban and rural areas of Delhi, India. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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