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Alexandre J, Carmo H, Carvalho F, Silva J. Synthetic cannabinoids enhance neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma cells at in vivo relevant concentrations. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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52
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Soares T, Freitas M, Carvalho F, Fernandes E. Low size citrate coated silver nanoparticles are potent inducers of human neutrophils’ oxidative burst. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bravo R, Moreira P, Carvalho F, Bastos M, Carmo H, Silva DDD. The synthetic psychostimulant 4-fluoromethamphetamine induces in vitro hepatotoxic effects, via CYP2E1 metabolism. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Reis-Mendes A, Carvalho F, Sousa E, Remião F, Bastos M, Costa V. Cardiotoxicity of FAC (5-Fluorouracil + Adriamycin + Cyclophosphamide) Metabolotes in H9c2 Cardiac Differentiated Cells. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Soares T, Gónzalez-Gómez M, Rivas J, Freitas P, Carvalho F, Fernandes E, Freitas M. Polyethylemine coated silver nanoparticles induce human neutrophils’ oxidative burst via NADPH oxidase, through the activation of PKC. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.1360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rocha-Pereira C, Soares J, Casanova A, Carmo H, Carvalho F, Bastos M, Remião F. TOX-OER MOOC: The liver as target organ. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Guedes de Pinho P, Sousa D, Carvalho F, Carmo H, Bastos M, Dias da Silva D. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) induces toxicity in primary hepatocytes through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysregulation. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Araújo A, Bastos M, Carvalho F, Carvalho M, Guedes de Pinho P. Metabolomic analysis of the toxicity pathways elicited by subtoxic concentrations of methylone in primary mouse hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Feio-Azevedo R, Costa VM, Barbosa DJ, Teixeira-Gomes A, Pita I, Gomes S, Pereira FC, Duarte-Araújo M, Duarte JA, Marques F, Fernandes E, Bastos ML, Carvalho F, Capela JP. Aged rats are more vulnerable than adolescents to “ecstasy”-induced toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2275-2295. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Carvalho F, Gonçalves V, Navarra F, Spiering D. Exclusive vector meson photoproduction with a leading baryon in photon-hadron interactions at hadronic colliders. Int J Clin Exp Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.97.074002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Grangeia A, Alves S, Gonçalves L, Gregório I, Santos AC, Barros H, Barros A, Carvalho F, Moura C. Spectrum of CFTR gene sequence variants in a northern Portugal population. Pulmonology 2018; 24:3-9. [PMID: 29589582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In Portugal, the spectrum of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene variants is not known. The main objective of this work was to determine the type and frequency of CFTR variants in a sample from northern Portugal by the complete analysis of the CFTR coding sequencing performed in 512 Portuguese children. A total of 30 different CFTR sequence variants, already reported as cystic fibrosis (CF) or CFTR related disorders variants, were detected. Ninety-two children (18.0%; 95%CI: 14.7-21.6) were found to be carriers of one sequence variant and 8 (1.6%; 95%CI: 0.7-3.1) had two sequence variants. Taking into consideration only variants that may cause CF when combined with a pathogenic CF variant, the CF pathogenic variant carrier frequency was 3.3% (95%CI: 1.9-5.3). One (0.2%; 95%CI: 0.01-0.7) child presented two CF pathogenic variants. CONCLUSIONS The majority of CFTR variants detected have been associated with a less severe CF phenotype. A wide spectrum of CFTR variants was identified, confirming the highest CFTR allelic heterogeneity previously reported in Mediterranean country. Additionally, better knowledge about the CFTR sequence variation spectrum may contribute to more efficient genetic testing in the Portuguese population.
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Magalhães N, Carvalho F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Human and experimental toxicology of diquat poisoning: Toxicokinetics, mechanisms of toxicity, clinical features, and treatment. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:1131-1160. [PMID: 29569487 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118765330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Diquat (1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-bipyridinium ion; DQ) is a nonselective quick-acting herbicide, which is used as contact and preharvest desiccant to control terrestrial and aquatic vegetation. Several cases of human poisoning were reported worldwide mainly due to intentional ingestion of the liquid formulations. Its toxic potential results from its ability to produce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species through redox cycling processes that can lead to oxidative stress and potentially cell death. Kidney is the main target organ due to DQ toxicokinetics and redox cycling. There is no antidote against DQ intoxications, and the efficacy of treatments currently applied is still unsatisfactory. The aim of this work was to review the most relevant human and experimental findings related to DQ, characterizing its chemistry, activity as herbicide, mechanisms of toxicity, consequences of poisoning, and potential therapeutic approaches taking into account previous experience in developing antidotes for paraquat, a more toxic bipyridinium herbicide.
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Faria J, Barbosa J, Moreira R, Queirós O, Carvalho F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Comparative pharmacology and toxicology of tramadol and tapentadol. Eur J Pain 2018; 22:827-844. [PMID: 29369473 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Moderate-to-severe pain represents a heavy burden in patients' quality of life, and ultimately in the society and in healthcare costs. The aim of this review was to summarize data on tramadol and tapentadol adverse effects, toxicity, potential advantages and limitations according to the context of clinical use. We compared data on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of tramadol and tapentadol, after an extensive literature search in the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed). Tramadol is a prodrug that acts through noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibition, with a weak opioid component added by its metabolite O-desmethyltramadol. Tapentadol does not require metabolic activation and acts mainly through noradrenaline reuptake inhibition and has a strong opioid activity. Such features confer tapentadol potential advantages, namely lower serotonergic, dependence and abuse potential, more linear pharmacokinetics, greater gastrointestinal tolerability and applicability in the treatment of chronic and neuropathic pain. Although more studies are needed to provide clear guidance on the opioid of choice, tapentadol shows some advantages, as it does not require CYP450 system activation and has minimal serotonergic effects. In addition, it leads to less side effects and lower abuse liability. However, in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that tramadol and tapentadol cause similar toxicological damage. In this context, it is important to underline that the choice of opioid should be individually balanced and a tailored decision, based on previous experience and on the patient's profile, type of pain and context of treatment. SIGNIFICANCE This review underlines the need for a careful prescription of tramadol and tapentadol. Although both are widely prescribed synthetic opioid analgesics, their toxic effects and potential dependence are not completely understood yet. In particular, concerning tapentadol, further research is needed to better assess its toxic effects.
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Taveira RZ, Moraes J, Silva RMD, Amaral A, Mendonça F, Ponte F, Carvalho F, Pereira A. 026 Evaluation of heat tolerance of Tabapuã bovines in the central region of Brazil. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Coelho A, Sousa C, Marinho AS, Barbosa-Sequeira J, Recaman M, Carvalho F. [Post-appendectomy intra-abdominal abscesses: six years' experience in a Pediatric Surgery Department]. CIRUGIA PEDIATRICA : ORGANO OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE CIRUGIA PEDIATRICA 2017; 30:152-155. [PMID: 29043693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Post-appendectomy intra-abdominal abscesses are estimated to complicate up to 4.2% of acute non-perforated appendicitis and between 6.7% and 28% acute perforated appendicitis. This study was performed with the aim to review and characterize post-appendectomy intra-abdominal abscesses in our Pediatric Surgery department; to calculate their incidence and to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment modality. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of all patients, under 18 years and with the diagnosis of intra-abdominal abscess post-appendectomy, between January 2010 and December 2015 was performed, taking in account initial surgical approach, type of acute appendicitis, length of hospital stay and the treatment applied. Data were collected by reviewing clinical files. RESULTS In a total of 1,340 appendectomies performed, there were 24 intra-abdominal abscesses identified (1.79%). Eight were feminine and sixteen masculine, and mean age was 11.9 years. In 52% of cases the diagnosis was made in the initial admission. Twelve have been submitted to laparoscopic appendectomy and the other 12 to open appendectomy. Of the 24 patients, only 4 needed a surgical re-intervention, which leaves medical treatment an 83.3% success rate. CONCLUSIONS TThe incidence of intra-abdominal abscesses post-appendectomy, in the studied population, is what was expected and inferior to what's described in the literature. In our sample, conservative management for intra-abdominal abscesses post-appendectomy was successful in most of the cases, only 4 needing further surgical intervention.
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Marques PI, Fernandes S, Carvalho F, Barros A, Sousa M, Marques CJ. DNA methylation imprinting errors in spermatogenic cells from maturation arrest azoospermic patients. Andrology 2017; 5:451-459. [PMID: 28296202 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Imprinting errors have been described in spermatozoa from infertile patients with oligozoospermia and azoospermia. However, little is known about methylation of imprinted genes in other spermatogenic cells from azoospermic patients. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the methylation status of single CpGs located in the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of two imprinted genes, one paternally (H19) and one maternally (MEST) methylated, in primary spermatocytes of azoospermic patients presenting complete (MAc, n = 7) and incomplete (MAi, n = 8) maturation arrest, as well as in other spermatogenic cells from MAi patients that presented focus of complete spermatogenesis in some seminiferous tubules. We observed H19 imprinting errors in primary spermatocytes from one MAi patient and MEST imprinting errors in one MAi and two MAc patients. Additionally, H19 imprinting errors were observed in elongated spermatids/spermatozoa from one MAi patient. Nevertheless, no statistical differences were found for H19 and MEST global methylation levels (percentage of methylated and unmethylated CpGs, respectively) between patients with complete and incomplete MA and also between MA groups and a control group. These results provide further evidence that imprinting errors occur in spermatogenic cells from patients presenting impaired spermatogenesis, as we and others have previously described in ejaculated and testicular spermatozoa. As paternal imprinting errors can be transmitted to the embryo by the sperm cell, they can provide a possible explanation for poor embryo development and/or low pregnancy rates as correct expression of imprinted genes is crucial for embryo and placental development and function. Therefore, in cases with male factor infertility where unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments are recurrent, analysis of imprinting marks in spermatozoa might be a useful diagnostic tool.
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Feio-Azevedo R, Costa VM, Ferreira LM, Branco PS, Pereira FC, Bastos ML, Carvalho F, Capela JP. Toxicity of the amphetamine metabolites 4-hydroxyamphetamine and 4-hydroxynorephedrine in human dopaminergic differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Lett 2017; 269:65-76. [PMID: 28115274 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Amphetamine (AMPH) is a psychostimulant used worldwide by millions of patients in the clinical treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, narcolepsy or even obesity, and is also a drug of abuse. 4-Hydroxynorephedrine (4-OHNE) and 4-hydroxyamphetamine (4-OHAMPH) are two major metabolites known to persist in the brain longer than AMPH. The contribution of AMPH metabolites for its neurotoxicity is undetermined. We evaluated the toxicity of AMPH and its metabolites 4-OHNE and 4-OHAMPH, obtained by chemical synthesis, in human dopaminergic differentiated SH-SY5Y neurons. Cells were exposed to AMPH (concentration range 0-5mM) or 4-OHAMPH or 4-OHNE (concentration range 0-10mM) for 24 or 48h, and the viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assays. Results showed that for both AMPH and the metabolites a concentration-dependent toxicity was observed. The toxic concentration 50% (TC50) for AMPH and 4-OHNE following 24h exposure was circa 3.5mM and 8mM, respectively. For 4-OHAMPH the TC50 was not reached in the tested concentration range. N-acetyl cysteine, cycloheximide, l-carnitine, and methylphenidate were able to reduce cell death induced by AMPH TC50. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining showed evident signs of late apoptotic cells and necrotic cells following 24h exposure to AMPH 3.50mM. The 4-OHAMPH metabolite at 8.00mM originated few late apoptotic cells, whereas 4-OHNE at 8.00mM resulted in late apoptotic cells and necrotic cells, in a scenario similar to AMPH. In conclusion, the AMPH metabolite 4-OHNE is more toxic than 4-OHAMPH, nonetheless both are less toxic than the parent compound in vitro. The most toxic metabolite 4-OHNE has longer permanence in the brain, rendering likely its contribution for AMPH neurotoxicity.
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Fonseca DA, Guerra AF, Carvalho F, Fernandes E, Ferreira LM, Branco PS, Antunes PE, Antunes MJ, Cotrim MD. Hyperthermia Severely Affects the Vascular Effects of MDMA and Metabolites in the Human Internal Mammary Artery In Vitro. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2017; 17:405-416. [PMID: 28084566 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Carvalho F, Navarra FS. Nuclear effects on tetraquark production by double parton scattering. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201713706004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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71
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Oliveira F, Bodmann B, Vilhena M, Carvalho F. On an analytical formulation for the mono-energetic neutron space-kinetic equation in full cylinder symmetry. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Baltazar M, Dinis-Oliveira R, Guilhermino L, Duarte J, Bastos M, Carvalho F. Improving the human and environmental safety of paraquat. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.07.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Reis-Mendes A, Gomes AS, Carvalho RA, Carvalho F, Remião F, Pinto M, Bastos ML, Sousa E, Costa VM. Naphthoquinoxaline metabolite of mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic than the parent compound and it can be a more cardiosafe drug in anticancer therapy. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:1871-1890. [PMID: 27629428 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1839-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitoxantrone (MTX) is an antineoplastic agent used to treat several types of cancers and on multiple sclerosis, which shows a high incidence of cardiotoxicity. Still, the underlying mechanisms of MTX cardiotoxicity are poorly understood and the potential toxicity of its metabolites scarcely investigated. Therefore, this work aimed to synthesize the MTX-naphthoquinoxaline metabolite (NAPHT) and to compare its cytotoxicity to the parent compound in 7-day differentiated H9c2 cells using pharmacological relevant concentrations (0.01-5 µM). MTX was more toxic in equivalent concentrations in all cytotoxicity tests performed [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction, neutral red uptake, and lactate dehydrogenase release assays] and times tested (24 and 48 h). Both MTX and NAPHT significantly decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in 7-day differentiated H9c2 cells after a 12-h incubation. However, energetic pathways were affected in a different manner after MTX or NAPHT incubation. ATP increased and lactate levels decreased after a 24-h incubation with MTX, whereas for the same incubation time and concentrations, NAPHT did not cause any significant effect. The increased activity of ATP synthase seems responsible for MTX-induced increases in ATP levels, as oligomycin (an inhibitor of ATP synthase) abrogated this effect on 5 µM MTX-incubated cells. 3-Methyladenine (an autophagy inhibitor) was the only molecule to give a partial protection against the cytotoxicity produced by MTX or NAPHT. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first broad study on NAPHT cardiotoxicity, and it revealed that the parent drug, MTX, caused a higher disruption in the energetic pathways in a cardiac model in vitro, whereas autophagy is involved in the toxicity of both compounds. In conclusion, NAPHT is claimed to largely contribute to MTX-anticancer properties; therefore, this metabolite should be regarded as a good option for a safer anticancer therapy since it is less cardiotoxic than MTX.
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Vardavas A, Ozcagli E, Fragkiadaki P, Stivaktakis P, Tzatzarakis M, Kaloudis K, Tsardi M, Datseri G, Tsiaoussis J, Tsitsimpikou C, Carvalho F, Tsatsakis A. DNA damage after long-term exposure of rabbits to Imidacloprid and sodium tungstate. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Da Silva DD, Ferreira A, Martins M, Valente M, Remião F, Carvalho F, Bastos M, Carmo H. In vitro neurotoxicity of ‘Legal X’: The combination of 1-benzylpiperazine (BZP) and 1-(m-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP) induces mitochondrial impairment and disrupts thiol homeostasis in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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