Thermodynamic and electrical transport investigation of URu2Si2-x P x

Magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and heat capacity results are reported for the chemical substitution series URu₂Si_2-x P _x for [Formula: see text]. This study expands in detail on work recently reported in Gallagher et al (2016 Nat. Commun. 10712), which focused on the small x region of this substitution series. Measurements presented here reveal persistent hybridization between the f- and conduction electrons and strong variation of the low temperature behavior with increasing x. Hidden order and superconductivity are rapidly destroyed for [Formula: see text] and are replaced for [Formula: see text] by a region with Kondo coherence but no ordered state. Antiferromagnetism abruptly appears for [Formula: see text]. This phase diagram differs significantly from those produced by most other tuning strategies in URu₂Si₂, including applied pressure, high magnetic fields, and isoelectronic chemical substitution (i.e. Ru  →  Fe and Os), where hidden order and magnetism share a common phase boundary. Besides revealing an intriguing evolution of the low temperature states, this series provides a setting in which to investigate the influence of electronic tuning, where probes that are sensitive to the Fermi surface and the symmetry of the ordered states will be useful to unravel the anomalous behavior of URu₂Si₂.

Effect of sheath material and reaction overpressure on Ag extrusions into the TiO2 insulation coating of Bi-2212 round wire

In order to develop a high current density in coils, Bi-2212 wires must be electrically discrete in tight winding packs. It is vital to use an insulating layer that is thin, fulfils the dielectric requirements, and can survive the heat treatment whose maximum temperature reaches 890 °C. A thin (20-30 µm) ceramic coating could be better as the insulating layer compared to alumino-silicate braided fiber insulation, which is about 100 μm thick and reacts with the Ag sheath during heat treatment, degrading the critical current density (J_c). At present, TiO₂ seems to be the most viable ceramic material for such a thin insulation because it is chemically compatible with Ag and Bi-2212 and its sintering temperature is lower than the maximum temperature used for the Bi-2212 heat treatment. However, recent tests of a large Bi-2212 coil insulated only with TiO₂ showed severe electrical shorting between the wires after over pressure heat treatment (OPHT). The origin of the shorting was frequent silver extrusions that penetrated the porous TiO₂ layer and electrically connected adjacent Bi-2212 wires. To understand the mechanism of this unexpected behaviour, we investigated the effect of sheath material and hydrostatic pressure on the formation of Ag extrusions. We found that Ag extrusions occur only when TiO₂-insulated Ag-0.2%Mg sheathed wire (Ag(Mg) wire) undergoes OPHT at 50 bar. No Ag extrusions were observed when the TiO₂-insulated Ag(Mg) wire was processed at 1 bar. The TiO₂-insulated wires sheathed with pure Ag that underwent 50 bar OPHT were also free from Ag extrusions. A key finding is that the Ag extrusions emanating from the Ag(Mg) sheath actually contain no MgO, suggesting that local depletion of MgO facilitates local, heterogeneous deformation of the sheath under hydrostatic overpressure. Our study also suggests that predensifying the Ag(Mg) wire before insulating it with TiO₂ and doing the final OPHT can potentially prevent Ag extrusion.

Pathological, biochemical, and biophysical characteristics of the transthyretin variant Y114H (p.Y134H) explain its very mild clinical phenotype

Transthyretin (TTR) is a homotetrameric protein that must misfold in order to form amyloid fibrils. Misfolding includes rate limiting tetramer dissociation, followed by fast tertiary structural changes of the monomer that enable aggregation. Hereditary ATTR amyloidosis is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with systemic deposition of amyloid fibrils induced by TTR gene mutation. We identified a rare Y114H (p.Y134H) TTR variant in a Japanese patient presenting with late-onset, very mild clinical course. The patient had an extremely low serum variant TTR concentration (18% of total TTR), whereas the composition of variant TTR was 55% in amyloid fibrils in tenosynovial tissues obtained at carpal tunnel release surgery. The amyloid fibril deposits in the ATTR Y114H patient had an altered structure compared with that in wild-type ATTR patients, as determined by luminescent conjugated poly/oligo-thiophene fluorescence spectroscopy. Biophysical studies using recombinant protein showed that Y114H TTR was markedly destabilized both thermodynamically and kinetically and was highly amyloidogenic in vitro. These data suggest that extremely low serum variant Y114H TTR concentration, probably due to endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of unstable variant TTR protein, protected this patient from severe amyloidosis, as self-assembly of the amyloidogenic intermediate is a concentration-dependent process.

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy in posttransplant patients with hereditary ATTR amyloidosis

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the prevalence and clinical features of posttransplant CNS symptoms in patients with hereditary ATTR amyloidosis and their Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET imaging correlates.

METHODS

We monitored prevalence and type of CNS symptoms in 53 consecutive posttransplant patients with hereditary ATTR amyloidosis. (11)C-PiB-PET was performed in 15 patients with various disease durations. We also analyzed pathologic and biochemical characteristics of ATTR amyloid deposition in the brain of a posttransplant patient.

RESULTS

Transient focal neurologic episodes (TFNEs) attributed to ATTR-type cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) were found in 11.3% of posttransplant hereditary ATTR amyloidosis patients. TFNE occurred on average 16.8 years after onset of the disease. Patients with longer duration of illness (≥10 years) showed increased (11)C-PiB retention in the brain. The (11)C-PiB accumulation pattern in hereditary ATTR amyloidosis was unique and different from those in Alzheimer disease or Aβ-type CAA. In the autopsy case, ATTR amyloid deposition was mainly localized to leptomeningeal vessels and leptomeninges of the brain. Amyloid fibrils in the brain were almost completely composed of variant transthyretin (TTR).

CONCLUSIONS

TFNE due to ATTR-type CAA occurred frequently in posttransplant patients with long disease durations. (11)C-PiB-PET is a useful diagnostic tool for ATTR-type CAA. ATTR amyloid deposition in the CNS, as measured by PiB-PET, was detected approximately 10 years before onset of TFNE.

[Recurrence of Waldenström macroglobulinemia accompanied by factor X deficiency]

A medical check-up revealed severe anemia in an 85-year-old man who had been diagnosed with Waldenström macroglobulinemia 11 years previously. On the other hand, prolonged PT and aPTT were demonstrated on admission, and were attributed to a significant decrease in factor X activity. These abnormalities were all considered to be have been caused by an exacerbation of the underlying disease and, thus, chemotherapy with the RCD regimen (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone) was started. No significant improvement was obtained and the patient died suddenly on day 154. AL amyloidosis was diagnosed by histopathological examinations and also confirmed by a sequence analysis of amyloid protein. This case with Waldenström macroglobulinemia complicated by AL amyloidosis and recurrent factor X deficiency is quite rare.

Unfolding the physics of URu2Si2 through silicon to phosphorus substitution

The heavy fermion intermetallic compound URu₂Si₂ exhibits a hidden-order phase below the temperature of 17.5 K, which supports both anomalous metallic behavior and unconventional superconductivity. While these individual phenomena have been investigated in detail, it remains unclear how they are related to each other and to what extent uranium f-electron valence fluctuations influence each one. Here we use ligand site substituted URu₂Si_2-xP_x to establish their evolution under electronic tuning. We find that while hidden order is monotonically suppressed and destroyed for x≤0.035, the superconducting strength evolves non-monotonically with a maximum near x≈0.01 and that superconductivity is destroyed near x≈0.028. This behavior reveals that hidden order depends strongly on tuning outside of the U f-electron shells. It also suggests that while hidden order provides an environment for superconductivity and anomalous metallic behavior, it's fluctuations may not be solely responsible for their progression.

The heavy fermion compound URu₂Si₂ displays a hidden order phase and superconductivity at low temperatures. Here, the authors perform substitution studies—partially replacing silicon with phosphorus—and study the effects on hidden order and superconductivity.

Gain-of-function profilin 1 mutations linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cause seed-dependent intracellular TDP-43 aggregation

Profilin 1 (PFN1) is an actin monomer-binding protein essential for regulating cytoskeletal dynamics in all cell types. Recently, mutations in the PFN1 gene have been identified as a cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The co-aggregation of PFN1 bearing mutations that cause ALS with TDP-43 (a key molecule in both sporadic and some familial forms of ALS), together with the classical TDP-43 pathology detected in post-mortem tissues of patients with autosomal dominant PFN1 mutation, imply that gain-of-toxic-function of PFN1 mutants is associated with the onset of ALS. However, it remains unknown how PFN1 mutants cause ALS. We found mutant PFN1 that causes ALS formed cytoplasmic aggregates positive for ubiquitin and p62, and these aggregates sequestered endogenous TDP-43. In cells harboring PFN1 aggregates, formation of aggresome-like structures was inhibited in the presence of proteasome inhibitor, and conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II was suppressed in the presence of lysosome inhibitor. Further, insoluble TDP-43 was increased in both cases. Co-expression of ALS-linked mutant PFN1 and TDP-43 increased insoluble and phosphorylated TDP-43 levels. The C-terminal region of TDP-43, essential for aggregation of TDP-43, was also indispensable for the interaction with PFN1. Interestingly, insoluble fractions prepared from cells expressing ALS-linked mutant PFN1 functioned as a seed to induce accumulation and phosphorylation of TDP-43, indicating that TDP-43 accumulated in the presence of the PFN1 mutants is converted to prion-like species. These findings provide new insight into the mechanisms of neurodegeneration in ALS, suggesting that gain-of-toxic-function PFN1 gene mutation leads to conformational change of TDP-43.

The pathological and biochemical identification of possible seed-lesions of transmitted transthyretin amyloidosis after domino liver transplantation

The most serious issue in domino liver transplantation (DLT) using liver grafts from patients with transthyretin (TTR)‐related familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) is the development of iatrogenic transmitted amyloidosis (de novo amyloidosis) in DLT‐recipients. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms of the initial stage of amyloid formation in these recipients. We detected initial lesions (possible seed‐lesions) of this iatrogenic amyloidosis in two recipients following liver grafting from FAP patients. Patient 1 underwent DLT at age 65 from an FAP patient with a Val30Met TTR variant and patient 2 received DLT from an FAP patient with a Val30Leu TTR variant at age 32. Patient 2 was started on diflunisal administration from 4 years after DLT. While neither patient had symptoms of FAP, small amyloid deposits were detected on the gastroduodenal mucosae 14 months and 12 years after DLT in patient 1 and patient 2, respectively. The amyloid was analyzed using a laser microdissection system and tandem mass spectrometry. Biochemical analysis indicated that the amyloid was composed mostly of variant TTR produced from the transplanted liver in both patients. In patient 1, wild‐type TTR amyloid was detectable in the duodenal mucosa obtained 2 years after DLT. This is the first study to successfully capture the pathological and biochemical features of initial‐stage amyloid lesions in DLT recipients. The findings clearly indicate that amyloid deposition can start by deposition of variant TTR followed by deposition of wild‐type TTR, and blocking of amyloid seed formation from variant TTR may be a key to prevent or delay the development of DLT‐associated amyloidosis.

Phosphorylation of TAR DNA-binding Protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) by Truncated Casein Kinase 1δ Triggers Mislocalization and Accumulation of TDP-43

Intracellular aggregates of phosphorylated TDP-43 are a major component of ubiquitin-positive inclusions in the brains of patients with frontotemporal lobar degeneration and ALS and are considered a pathological hallmark. Here, to gain insight into the mechanism of intracellular TDP-43 accumulation, we examined the relationship between phosphorylation and aggregation of TDP-43. We found that expression of a hyperactive form of casein kinase 1 δ (CK1δ1-317, a C-terminally truncated form) promotes mislocalization and cytoplasmic accumulation of phosphorylated TDP-43 (ubiquitin- and p62-positive) in cultured neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Insoluble phosphorylated TDP-43 prepared from cells co-expressing TDP-43 and CK1δ1-317 functioned as seeds for TDP-43 aggregation in cultured cells, indicating that CK1δ1-317-induced aggregated TDP-43 has prion-like properties. A striking toxicity and alterations of TDP-43 were also observed in yeast expressing TDP-43 and CK1δ1-317. Therefore, abnormal activation of CK1δ causes phosphorylation of TDP-43, leading to the formation of cytoplasmic TDP-43 aggregates, which, in turn, may trigger neurodegeneration.

The twenty-four KDa C-terminal tau fragment increases with aging in tauopathy mice: implications of prion-like properties

The truncated tau protein is a component of the neurofibrillary tangles found in the brains with tauopathies. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the truncated tau fragment causes neurodegeneration remain unknown. Tau pathology was recently suggested to spread through intercellular propagation, and required the formation of 'prion-like' species. We herein identified a new fragment of the tau protein that consisted of four binding domains and a C-terminal tail (Tau-CTF24), but lacked the N-terminal projection domain, and found that it increased with aging in tauopathy model mice (Tg601). Tau-CTF24-like fragments were also present in human brains with tauopathies. A mass spectroscopic analysis revealed that Tau-CTF24 was cleaved behind R242. The digestion of full-length tau (Tau-FL) by calpain produced Tau-CTF24 in vitro and calpain activity increased in old Tg601. Recombinant Tau-CTF24 accelerated heparin-induced aggregation and lost the ability to promote microtubule assembly. When insoluble tau from diseased brains or aggregated recombinant tau was introduced as seeds into SH-SY5Y cells, a larger amount of insoluble tau was formed in cells overexpressing Tau-CTF24 than in those overexpressing Tau-FL. Furthermore, lysates containing the Tau-CTF24 inclusion propagated to naive tau-expressing cells more efficiently than those containing the Tau-FL inclusion. Immunoblot and confocal microscopic analyses revealed that aggregated Tau-CTF24 bound to cells more rapidly and abundantly than aggregated Tau-FL. Our results suggest that Tau-CTF24 contributes to neurodegeneration by enhancing prion-like propagation as well as deteriorating the mechanisms involved in microtubule function.

Comparison of growth texture in round Bi2212 and flat Bi2223 wires and its relation to high critical current density development

Why Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)Ox (Bi2212) allows high critical current density Jc in round wires rather than only in the anisotropic tape form demanded by all other high temperature superconductors is important for future magnet applications. Here we compare the local texture of state-of-the-art Bi2212 and Bi2223 ((Bi,Pb)(2)Sr(2)Ca(2)Cu(3)O(10)), finding that round wire Bi2212 generates a dominant a-axis growth texture that also enforces a local biaxial texture (FWHM <15°) while simultaneously allowing the c-axes of its polycrystals to rotate azimuthally along and about the filament axis so as to generate macroscopically isotropic behavior. By contrast Bi2223 shows only a uniaxial (FWHM <15°) c-axis texture perpendicular to the tape plane without any in-plane texture. Consistent with these observations, a marked, field-increasing, field-decreasing J(c)(H) hysteresis characteristic of weak-linked systems appears in Bi2223 but is absent in Bi2212 round wire. Growth-induced texture on cooling from the melt step of the Bi2212 J(c) optimization process appears to be the key step in generating this highly desirable microstructure.

Accumulation of carboxy-terminal fragments of APP increases phosphodiesterase 8B

The long-standing "amyloid hypothesis" that Alzheimer's disease is caused by the production and aggregation of amyloid-β faces serious challenges by data recently obtained from neuroimaging studies and amyloid-β amyloid-focused clinical trials. Meanwhile, accumulation of carboxy-terminal fragments (CTFs) of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) may be neurotoxic and may impair synaptic plasticity and long-term memory in Alzheimer's disease, as suggested in murine models. To clarify these issues, we carried out a proteomic analysis of Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing APP CTFs and found that APP-CTF accumulation induced an increase in the level of phosphodiesterase 8B, suggesting that the hydrolysis of cyclic AMP was enhanced.

Isotropic round-wire multifilament cuprate superconductor for generation of magnetic fields above 30 T

Magnets are the principal market for superconductors, but making attractive conductors out of the high-temperature cuprate superconductors (HTSs) has proved difficult because of the presence of high-angle grain boundaries that are generally believed to lower the critical current density, J(c). To minimize such grain boundary obstacles, HTS conductors such as REBa2Cu3O(7-x) and (Bi, Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O(10-x) are both made as tapes with a high aspect ratio and a large superconducting anisotropy. Here we report that Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8-x) (Bi-2212) can be made in the much more desirable isotropic, round-wire, multifilament form that can be wound or cabled into arbitrary geometries and will be especially valuable for high-field NMR magnets beyond the present 1 GHz proton resonance limit of Nb3Sn technology. An appealing attribute of this Bi-2212 conductor is that, being without macroscopic texture, it contains many high-angle grain boundaries but nevertheless attains a very high J(c) of 2,500 A mm(-2) at 20 T and 4.2 K. The large potential of the conductor has been demonstrated by building a small coil that generated almost 2.6 T in a 31 T background field. This demonstration that grain boundary limits to high Jc can be practically overcome underlines the value of a renewed focus on grain boundary properties in non-ideal geometries.

Dietary restriction increases protein acetylation in the livers of aged rats

BACKGROUND

Dietary restriction (DR) is a well-established biological method for lifespan extension in various organisms by delaying the progression of age-related disorders. With regard to its molecular mechanisms, a family of NAD-dependent protein deacetylases, such as sirtuins, is considered to mediate DR-induced lifespan extension in some lower organisms. Furthermore, the effects of DR on sirtuins (e.g. SIRT1, SIRT2, SIRT3, and SIRT5) have also been reported in mammals. However, the relationship between sirtuins and DR-associated longevity in mammals is still not clear. In addition, ageing and DR-associated changes in cellular protein acetylation have not been fully elucidated, especially in DR-aged animals.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to elucidate the effect of ageing and DR on cellular protein acetylation in young and aged rats.

METHODS

Fischer 344 rats were subjected to DR for 7.5 or 25.5 months from 1.5 months of age. Protein acetylation status in tissues was analyzed by Western blotting, subcellular fractionation, and immuno-pull-down assay. We also analyzed the quantitative changes in some related deacetylases and an acetyltransferase.

RESULTS

Acetylation of multiple proteins in the liver of young and aged rats decreased slightly with ageing and increased markedly under DR. The results of subcellular fractionation revealed that the DR-induced increase in protein acetylation was more prominent in extranuclear proteins than in nuclear proteins, indicating that acetylation is global, but protein-specific. This was further confirmed in the results of immune-pull-down assays for mitochondrial acetylated proteins. Cellular protein acetylation is regulated by multiple factors, including various deacetylases and acetyltransferases. With regard to the possible mechanisms of DR-induced increases in protein acetylation, we observed that DR increased SIRT3 expression in the liver of young and aged rats. Expression of the mitochondrial protein acetyltransferase GCN5L1 significantly increased with ageing but did not respond to DR.

CONCLUSIONS

The increased acetylation of extranuclear proteins may be involved in DR-induced anti-ageing effects including longevity. However, the mechanisms underlying the changes in protein acetylation might not result from quantitative changes in mitochondrial sirtuins and the mitochondrial protein acetyltransferase.

Steady turnover of amyloid fibril proteins in gastric mucosa after liver transplantation in familial amyloid polyneuropathy

INTRODUCTION

Our previous study demonstrated marked regression of amyloid deposits in abdominal fat tissues of familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) patients treated with liver transplantation (LT). To determine whether similar changes in deposited amyloid can also occur in other organs, we examined gastric mucosal amyloid before and after LT in FAP patients with ATTRV30M.

METHODS

We histopathologically and biochemically investigated gastric mucosal amyloid before and after LT in six FAP patients with ATTRV30M.The amounts of amyloid deposits in biopsied gastric mucosa were determined by microscopy, and the proportion of wild-type transthyretin (TTR) in extracted amyloid fibril proteins was assayed by liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. Similar examinations were also performed in 21 untreated FAP patients and 13 transplanted patients with ATTRV30M.

RESULTS

The amount of deposited amyloid was not markedly different before and after LT in six patients. However, the composition ratios of wild-type TTR in gastric mucosal amyloid increased markedly from 20.0% ± 11.4% before LT to 43.2% ± 13.8% after LT. In addition, the ratio of wild-type TTR in all transplanted patients was significantly higher than that in untransplanted patients (72.7% ± 25.5%, 23.8% ± 14.3%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results showed that the components of amyloid fibril proteins in gastric mucosa of transplanted FAP patients are different from those in untreated patients: a significant portion of preexisting ATTRV30M-derived amyloid seemed to be replaced by wild-type TTR-derived amyloid postoperatively, indicating that continuous turnover of amyloid deposits can occur in all organs in transplanted FAP patients. It was also confirmed that wild-type TTR plays an important role in the pathogenesis of postoperative amyloid deposition in transplanted FAP patients.

Extensive deamidation at asparagine residue 279 accounts for weak immunoreactivity of tau with RD4 antibody in Alzheimer's disease brain

Background

Intracytoplasmic inclusions composed of filamentous tau proteins are defining characteristics of neurodegenerative tauopathies, but it remains unclear why different tau isoforms accumulate in different diseases and how they induce abnormal filamentous structures and pathologies. Two tau isoform-specific antibodies, RD3 and RD4, are widely used for immunohistochemical and biochemical studies of tau species in diseased brains.

Results

Here, we show that extensive irreversible post-translational deamidation takes place at asparagine residue 279 (N279) in the RD4 epitope of tau in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but not corticobasal degeneration (CBD) or progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and this modification abrogates the immunoreactivity to RD4. An antiserum raised against deamidated RD4 peptide specifically recognized 4R tau isoforms, regardless of deamidation, and strongly stained tau in AD brain. We also found that mutant tau with N279D substitution showed reduced ability to bind to microtubules and to promote microtubule assembly.

Conclusion

The biochemical and structural differences of tau in AD from that in 4R tauopathies found in this study may therefore have implications for prion-like propagation of tau.

Artificially engineered superlattices of pnictide superconductors

Significant progress has been achieved in fabricating high-quality bulk and thin-film iron-based superconductors. In particular, artificial layered pnictide superlattices offer the possibility of tailoring the superconducting properties and understanding the mechanism of the superconductivity itself. For high-field applications, large critical current densities (J(c)) and irreversibility fields (H(irr)) are indispensable along all crystal directions. On the other hand, the development of superconducting devices such as tunnel junctions requires multilayered heterostructures. Here we show that artificially engineered undoped Ba-122/Co-doped Ba-122 compositionally modulated superlattices produce ab-aligned nanoparticle arrays. These layer and self-assemble along c-axis-aligned defects, and combine to produce very large J(c) and H(irr) enhancements over a wide angular range. We also demonstrate a structurally modulated SrTiO3(STO)/Co-doped Ba-122 superlattice with sharp interfaces. Success in superlattice fabrication involving pnictides will aid the progress of heterostructured systems exhibiting new interfacial phenomena and device applications.

Molecular analysis and biochemical classification of TDP-43 proteinopathy

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa pathology are progressive neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by intracytoplasmic aggregates of hyperphosphorylated TAR DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa. These TAR DNA-binding protein 43 proteinopathies can be classified into subtypes, which are closely correlated with clinicopathological phenotypes, although the differences in the molecular species of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 in these diseases and the biological significance thereof, remain to be clarified. Here, we have shown that although the banding patterns of abnormally phosphorylated C-terminal fragments of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 differ between the neuropathological subtypes, these are indistinguishable between multiple brain regions and spinal cord in individual patients. Immunoblot analysis of protease-resistant TAR DNA-binding protein 43 demonstrated that the fragment patterns represent different conformations of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 molecular species in the diseases. These results suggest a new clinicopathological classification of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 proteinopathies based on their molecular properties.

Pathological changes long after liver transplantation in a familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy patient

Liver transplantation (LT) reportedly prolongs the survival of patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP), a fatal hereditary systemic amyloidosis caused by mutant transthyretin (TTR). However, what happens in systemic tissue sites long after LT is poorly understood. In the present study, we report pathological and biochemical findings for an FAP patient who underwent LT and died from refractory ventricular fibrillation more than 16&emsp14;years after FAP onset. Our autopsy study revealed that the distributions of amyloid deposits after LT were quite different from those in FAP amyloidogenic TTR V30M patients not having had LT and seemed to be similar to those observed in senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA), a sporadic systemic amyloidosis derived from wild-type (WT) TTR. Our biochemical examination also revealed that this patient's cardiac and tongue amyloid deposits derived mostly from WT TTR. We propose that FAP patients after LT may suffer from SSA-like WT TTR amyloidosis in systemic organs.