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Carter G, Fischer G, Webb R, Dzioba S, Kelly R, Auciello O. On the surface-normal energy distribution of sputtered recoils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337577908208407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carter G, Nobes MJ, Lewis GW, Whitton JL. The kinetics and energetics of sputtering induced topography on solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448008218661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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53
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Carter G. A semi quantitative approach to ion impact induced shock processes in solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448008218663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Armour DG, Carter G, Webb RP, Ingram DC, Newcombe R. Interface broadening during ion plating. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448008225598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carter G, Grant WA. Blister formation on a he ion irradiated amorphous metal (metglas 2826a). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448108229078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Thompson DA, Golanski A, Haugen KH, Stevanovic DV, Carter G, Christodoulides CE. Disorder production and amorphisation in ion implanted silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578008210018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carter G, Cruz SA. Approximation methods in the analysis of non linear thermal diffusion processes relevant to ion bombardment induced phase changes in solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448108229075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Lewis GW, Carter G, Nobes MJ, Cruz SA. The development of tailed-cones on non normal incidence ion bombarded solids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448108229074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nobes MJ, Webb RP, Carter G, Whitton JL. The development of surface morphology during sputtering with spatially nonuniform ion beams. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448008218668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Collins R, Carter G. A first order diffusion approximation to atomic redistribution during ion bombardment of solids: I. Infinite range approximation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578108210053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Stevanovic DV, Tognetti NP, Carter G, Christodoulidesj CE, Ibrahim AM, Thompson DA. Disorder production in ion implanted gallium arsenide at 40 K. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578308218606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carter G. The influence of non linear thermal diffusion on energy spike development and quenching. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448008218670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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63
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Webb R, Carter G. Difficulties in deducing disordering mechanisms from experimental studies of disorder-ion fluence functions in ion irradiation of semiconductors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337577908209133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Carter G, Armour DG, Donnelly SE, Ingram DC, Webb RP. The injection of inert gas ions into solids: Their trapping and escape. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00337578008207113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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65
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Newcombe R, Christodoulides CE, Carter G, Tognetti P. Ion bombardment enhanced mixing op silver layers on silicon. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/01422448008225599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cheng A, Mavrokokki A, Carter G, Stein B, Fazzalari NL, Wilson DF, Goss AN. The dental implications of bisphosphonates and bone disease. Aust Dent J 2005; 50:S4-13. [PMID: 16416712 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2005.tb00384.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In 2002/2003 a number of patients presented to the South Australian Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit with unusual non-healing extraction wounds of the jaws. All were middle-aged to elderly, medically compromised and on bisphosphonates for bone pathology. Review of the literature showed similar cases being reported in the North American oral and maxillofacial surgery literature. This paper reviews the role of bisphosphonates in the management of bone disease. There were 2.3 million prescriptions for bisphosphonates in Australia in 2003. This group of drugs is very useful in controlling bone pain and preventing pathologic fractures. However, in a small number of patients on bisphosphonates, intractable, painful, non-healing exposed bone occurs following dental extractions or denture irritation. Affected patients are usually, but not always, over 55 years, medically compromised and on the potent nitrogen containing bisphosphonates pamidronate (Aredia/Pamisol), alendronate (Fosamax) and zolendronate (Zometa) for non-osteoporotic bone disease. Currently, there is no simple, effective treatment and the painful exposed bone may persist for years. The main complications are marked weight loss from difficulty in eating and severe jaw and neck infections. Possible preventive and therapeutic strategies are presented although at this time there is no evidence of their effectiveness. Dentists must ask about bisphosphonate usage for bone disease when recording medical histories and take appropriate actions to avoid the development of this debilitating condition in their patients.
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Parsons T, Spendlove I, Nirula R, Writer M, Carter G, Carr F, Durrant LG. A novel CEA vaccine stimulates T cell proliferation, γIFN secretion and CEA specific CTL responses. Vaccine 2004; 22:3487-94. [PMID: 15308376 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2003] [Accepted: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a cell surface protein over-expressed by a wide range of tumours. The mouse anti-idiotypic antibody, 708, mimics CEA and can induce both antibody and T cell responses that specifically recognise this antigen. Sequence analysis of 708 revealed homology with a previously identified HLA-A3 T cell epitope in CEA but not to other closely related molecules. 708 was chimerised to a human IgG1 to allow Fc targeting of APCs and was deimmunised to remove unwanted T cell epitopes. The chimerised and deimmunised, but not the mouse 708, could stimulate CTL, proliferation and gammaIFN responses in vitro in normal (HLA-A3, DR1) individuals. Furthermore, the CTLs killed tumour cells expressing CEA suggesting that this deimmunised antibody could be a useful vaccine for solid tumours.
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Bernan V, Greenstein M, Carter G. Mining Marine Microorganisms as a Source of New Antimicrobials and Antifungals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.2174/1568012043353883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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69
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Kohli M, Alikhan MA, Spencer HJ, Carter G. Phase I trial of intramuscular estradiol valerate (I/M-E) in hormone refractory prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.4726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Carter G, Goss A. Tranexamic acid mouthwash--a prospective randomized study of a 2-day regimen vs 5-day regimen to prevent postoperative bleeding in anticoagulated patients requiring dental extractions. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 32:504-7. [PMID: 14759109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
This prospective randomized study analyses the use of a prescribed 4.8% tranexamic acid post-operative mouthwash over 2 days vs 5 days to prevent bleeding in patients taking warfarin who require dental extractions. Eighty-five patients therapeutically anticoagulated with warfarin for various conditions, ranging in age from 21 to 86 years and requiring dental extractions, were randomly divided into two groups. Group A postoperatively received a 4.8% tranexamic acid mouthwash to be used over a 2-day period. Group B received the same mouthwash and instructions postoperatively, to be taken over 5 days. All procedures were performed on an ambulatory basis under local anaesthetic by the same surgeon. Patients were reviewed 1, 3, and 7 days postoperatively to assess bleeding. Eighty-two of the 85 patients encountered no postoperative problems. Two patients in group A and one in group B had minor postoperative bleeds that required minor ambulatory intervention to control. This study shows that a 2-day postoperative course of a 4.8% tranexamic acid mouthwash is as equally effective as a 5-day course in controlling haemostasis post-dental extractions in patient's anticoagulated with warfarin.
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Carter G, Goss AN, Lloyd J, Tocchetti R. Local haemostasis with autologous fibrin glue following surgical enucleation of a large cystic lesion in a therapeutically anticoagulated patient. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 41:275-6. [PMID: 12946676 DOI: 10.1016/s0266-4356(03)00120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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72
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Carter G, Goss AN, Lloyd J, Tocchetti R. Current concepts of the management of dental extractions for patients taking warfarin. Aust Dent J 2003; 48:89-96; quiz 138. [PMID: 14649397 DOI: 10.1111/j.1834-7819.2003.tb00015.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Controversy has surrounded the correct management of patients therapeutically anticoagulated with warfarin who require dental extractions. The risk of bleeding must be weighed up against the risk of thromboembolism when deciding whether to interfere with a patient's warfarin regimen. An improved understanding of the importance of fibrinolytic mechanisms in the oral cavity has resulted in the development of various local measures to enable these patients to be treated on an outpatient basis. METHODS A review of the literature was undertaken. This was supplemented by the authors' clinical trials and extensive clinical experience with anticoagulated patients. RESULTS Various protocols for treating patients taking warfarin have been reviewed and summarized and an overview of the haemostatic and fibrinolytic systems is presented. A protocol for management of warfarinized patients requiring dental extractions in the outpatient setting is proposed. CONCLUSIONS Patients therapeutically anticoagulated with warfarin can be treated on an ambulatory basis, without interruption of their warfarin regimen provided appropriate local measures are used.
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Clare L, Wilson BA, Carter G, Hodges JR. Cognitive rehabilitation as a component of early intervention in Alzheimer's disease: a single case study. Aging Ment Health 2003; 7:15-21. [PMID: 12554310 DOI: 10.1080/1360786021000045854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Early intervention in Alzheimer's disease (AD) should focus on psychological and social needs as well as the provision of medication. One possible component of early intervention programmes for people with early-stage AD is cognitive rehabilitation aimed at fostering the development of strategies for coping with memory problems. The likely relevance of cognitive rehabilitation in early-stage AD is supported by neuropsychological and experimental learning studies, but further work is required to develop clinically relevant interventions, which can be applied in the real-life setting. This paper presents a single case intervention study in which a 66-year-old man with early-stage AD learned the names of 13 members of his support group using a mnemonic strategy coupled with either expanding rehearsal or repeated presentation, or both, within an errorless learning paradigm. Recall scores improved from a mean of 2.31% at initial baseline to 91.46% following intervention, and gains were largely maintained at follow-up. There was no evidence of any increase in depression, anxiety or caregiver strain during the intervention. The results support the view that cognitive rehabilitation interventions may form a valuable component of comprehensive early intervention programmes for people with AD.
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