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Zhang Y, Yang S, Yuan X, Zhao Y, Tian G. Separating lanthanides and actinides from nitric acid solutions by using N,N-di(2-ethylhexyl)-diglycolamic acid (HDEHDGA). Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6421-6423. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02924a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Extraction of lanthanides and actinides from nitric acid solutions by using HDEHDGA as a neutral extractant instead of a carboxylate as a counter anion.
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Che LQ, Peng X, Hu L, Wu C, Xu Q, Fang ZF, Lin Y, Xu SY, Li J, Feng B, Tian G, Zhang RN, Sun H, Wu D, Chen DW. The addition of protein-bound amino acids in low-protein diets improves the metabolic and immunological characteristics in fifteen- to thirty-five-kg pigs. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/jas2016.0990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Luo F, Han R, Nie Y, Chen Z, Zhang S, Shi F, Lin W, Ren P, Tian G, Sun Q, Gou B, Ruan X, Ren J, Ye M. Measurement of leakage neutron spectra from silicon carbide cylinders with D–T neutrons and validation of evaluated nuclear data. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2016.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Edvardson S, Tian G, Cullen H, Vanyai H, Ngo L, Bhat S, Aran A, Daana M, Da’amseh N, Abu-Libdeh B, Cowan NJ, Heng JIT, Elpeleg O. Infantile neurodegenerative disorder associated with mutations in TBCD, an essential gene in the tubulin heterodimer assembly pathway. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4635-4648. [PMID: 28158450 PMCID: PMC6459059 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutation in a growing spectrum of genes is known to either cause or contribute to primary or secondary microcephaly. In primary microcephaly the genetic determinants frequently involve mutations that contribute to or modulate the microtubule cytoskeleton by causing perturbations of neuronal proliferation and migration. Here we describe four patients from two unrelated families each with an infantile neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of developmental milestones at 9–24 months of age followed by seizures, dystonia and acquired microcephaly. The patients harboured homozygous missense mutations (A475T and A586V) in TBCD, a gene encoding one of five tubulin-specific chaperones (termed TBCA-E) that function in concert as a nanomachine required for the de novo assembly of the α/β tubulin heterodimer. The latter is the subunit from which microtubule polymers are assembled. We found a reduced intracellular abundance of TBCD in patient fibroblasts to about 10% (in the case of A475T) or 40% (in the case of A586V) compared to age-matched wild type controls. Functional analyses of the mutant proteins revealed a partially compromised ability to participate in the heterodimer assembly pathway. We show via in utero shRNA-mediated suppression that a balanced supply of tbcd is critical for cortical cell proliferation and radial migration in the developing mouse brain. We conclude that TBCD is a novel functional contributor to the mammalian cerebral cortex development, and that the pathological mechanism resulting from the mutations we describe is likely to involve compromised interactions with one or more TBCD-interacting effectors that influence the dynamics and behaviour of the neuronal cytoskeleton.
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Tian G, Cristancho AG, Dubbs HA, Liu GT, Cowan NJ, Goldberg EM. A patient with lissencephaly, developmental delay, and infantile spasms, due to de novo heterozygous mutation of KIF2A. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2016; 4:599-603. [PMID: 27896282 PMCID: PMC5118204 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microtubules are dynamic polymers of α/β tubulin heterodimers that play a critical role in cerebral cortical development, by regulating neuronal migration, differentiation, and morphogenesis. Mutations in genes that encode either α- or β-tubulin or a spectrum of proteins involved in the regulation of microtubule dynamics lead to clinically devastating malformations of cortical development, including lissencephaly. METHODS This is a single case report or a patient with lissencephaly, developmental delay, nystagmus, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, and infantile spasms, and undertook a neurogenetic workup. We include studies of mutant function in Escherichia coli and HeLa cells. RESULTS The patient was found to have a novel de novo mutation in kinesin family member 2A (KIF2A). This mutation results in a substitution of isoleucine at a highly conserved threonine residue within the ATP-binding domain. The KIF2A p.Thr320Ile mutant protein exhibited abnormal solubility, and KIF2A p.Thr320Ile overexpression in cultured cells led to the formation of aberrant microtubule networks. CONCLUSION Findings support the pathogenic link between KIF2A mutation and lissencephaly, and expand the range of presentation to include infantile spasms and congenital anomalies.
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Mark J, Dai G, Xiang B, Sun J, Lindsay WG, Deslauriers R, Tian G. Contrast agent distribution in microvascular damage of infarcted pig myocardium. Acta Radiol 2016; 42:515-20. [PMID: 11552890 DOI: 10.1080/028418501127347098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We determined whether reperfusion damage was sufficient to allow extravasation of a large molecular weight contrast agent into infarcted pig myocardium. Material and Methods: Five pig hearts were subjected to in situ occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (2 h) followed by reperfusion (1 h). The hearts were excised and perfused in the Langendorff mode for ex vivo MR imaging. Polylysine-Gd-DTPA (50,000 Da) and Gd-DTPA (500-700 Da) were injected into the aorta (alternately) and followed by measurements of T1 relaxation and mean transit time (MTT). Results: In the normal myocardium, MTT of Gd-DTPA (56.8±23.2 s) was significantly ( p=0.02) longer than that of polylysine-Gd-DTPA (29.0±7 s). However, both normal and infarcted myocardium showed similar MTT (29.0±7.0 vs. 28.0±5.0 s, p>0.05) when using polylysine-Gd-DTPA. Conclusion: The results indicate that the permeability of capillaries to polylysine-Gd-DTPA was not significantly higher in infarcted regions of the myocardium compared to normal tissue. However, infarcted myocardium displayed an increased permeability to the small molecular weight Gd-DTPA. We conclude that microvascular damage may not be sufficient to allow the extravasation of polylysine-Gd-DTPA in infarcted myocardium.
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Zanonato PL, Di Bernardo P, Zhang Z, Gong Y, Tian G, Gibson JK, Rao L. Hydrolysis of thorium(iv) at variable temperatures. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:12763-71. [PMID: 27460458 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of Th(iv) was studied in tetraethylammonium perchlorate (0.10 mol kg(-1)) at variable temperatures (283-358 K) by potentiometry and microcalorimetry. Three hydrolysis reactions, mTh(4+) + nH2O = Thm(OH)n((4m-n)+) + nH(+), in which (n,m) = (2,2), (8,4), and (15,6), were invoked to describe the potentiometric and calorimetric data for solutions with the [hydroxide]/[Th(iv)] ratio ≤ 2. At higher ratios, the formation of (16,5) cannot be excluded. The hydrolysis constants, *β2,2, *β8,4, and *β15,6, increased by 3, 7, and 11 orders of magnitude, respectively, as the temperature was increased from 283 to 358 K. The enhancement is mainly due to the significant increase of the degree of ionization of water as the temperature rises. All three hydrolysis reactions are endothermic at 298 K, with enthalpies of (118 ± 4) kJ mol(-1), (236 ± 7) kJ mol(-1), and (554 ± 4) kJ mol(-1) for ΔH2,2, ΔH8,4, and ΔH15,6 respectively. The hydrolysis constants at infinite dilution have been obtained with the specific ion interaction approach. The applicability of three approaches for estimating the equilibrium constants at different temperatures, including the constant enthalpy approach, the constant heat capacity approach and the DQUANT equation was evaluated with the data from this work.
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Zhao Q, Tian G, Kong D, Jiang T. Meta-analysis of radiofrequency ablation for treating the local recurrence of thyroid cancers. J Endocrinol Invest 2016; 39:909-16. [PMID: 26980591 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-016-0450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for localized recurrent thyroid cancers. METHODS We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of the scientific literature by searching the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science,Scopus and the Cochrane Library up to November 26, 2015. We assessed the pooled standard mean difference (SMD) of nodule volume, largest diameter and serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level by comparing pre-RFA with post-RFA using fixed or random-effects model. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies, risk of bias in the selective populations, comparability of groups and exposure. RESULTS We finally identified nine articles including 189 patients (male: 54 and female: 135) with 255 tumor lesions, who underwent ultrasound (US)-guided RFA beyond the mean 6 months of follow-up. The results showed that tumor volume (SWD: 0.77, 95 % CI: 0.57-0.97, I (2) = 25.9 %, p = 0.231), largest diameter (SWD: 1.56, 95 % CI: 0.94-2.17, I (2) = 82.6 %, p < 0.001) and Tg level (SWD: 0.52, 95 % CI: 0.30-0.73, I (2) = 0 %, p = 0.493) were decreased and no significant publication bias was detectable. CONCLUSIONS The pooled data indicated that the prognosis improved for patients with localized recurrent thyroid cancers and RFA is a promising treatment for these patients with infeasible surgery.
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Duan X, Chen D, Zheng P, Tian G, Wang J, Mao X, Yu J, He J, Li B, Huang Z, Ao Z, Yu B. Effects of dietary mannan oligosaccharide supplementation on performance and immune response of sows and their offspring. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Feng R, Yan Z, Li B, Yu M, Sang Q, Tian G, Xu Y, Chen B, Qu R, Sun Z, Sun X, Jin L, He L, Kuang Y, Cowan NJ, Wang L. Mutations in TUBB8 cause a multiplicity of phenotypes in human oocytes and early embryos. J Med Genet 2016; 53:662-71. [PMID: 27273344 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-103891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TUBB8 is a primate-specific β-tubulin isotype whose expression is confined to oocytes and the early embryo. We previously found that mutations in TUBB8 caused oocyte maturation arrest. The objective was to describe newly discovered mutations in TUBB8 and to characterise the accompanying spectrum of phenotypes and modes of inheritance. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients with oocyte maturation arrest were sequenced with respect to TUBB8. We investigated the effects of identified mutations in vitro, in cultured cells and in mouse oocytes. Seven heterozygous missense and two homozygous mutations were identified. These mutations cause a range of folding defects in vitro, different degrees of microtubule disruption upon expression in cultured cells and interfere to varying extents in the proper assembly of the meiotic spindle in mouse oocytes. Several of the newly discovered TUBB8 mutations result in phenotypic variability. For example, oocytes harbouring any of three missense mutations (I210V, T238M and N348S) could extrude the first polar body. Moreover, they could be fertilised, although the ensuing embryos became developmentally arrested. Surprisingly, oocytes from patients harbouring homozygous TUBB8 mutations that in either case preclude the expression of a functional TUBB8 polypeptide nonetheless contained identifiable spindles. CONCLUSIONS Our data substantially expand the range of dysfunctional oocyte phenotypes incurred by mutation in TUBB8, underscore the independent nature of human oocyte meiosis and differentiation, extend the class of genetic diseases known as the tubulinopathies and provide new criteria for the qualitative evaluation of meiosis II (MII) oocytes for in vitro fertilization (IVF).
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Tian G, Cox AE, Kumar K, Granato TC, O'Connor GA, Elliott HA. Assessment of plant availability and environmental risk of biosolids-phosphorus in a U.S. Midwest Corn-Belt Soil. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2016; 172:171-176. [PMID: 26945189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted from 2005 to 2008 in Fulton County, Western Illinois with biosolids from conventional wastewater treatment applied as corn fertilizer in a series of P rates (0, 163, 325, 488, 650 kg P ha(-1)) along with commercial P fertilizer - triple superphosphate P (TSP) as reference to assess biosolids-P plant availability and potential loss to waterbodies through runoff. Air-dried biosolids and TSP were incorporated into surface soil at end of 2005, and corn (Zea mays) was planted for three consecutive years (2006-2008). Concentrations of soil extractable P except for Mehlich-3 P were always lower in the biosolids than TSP treatments at the same P rates. The soil potentially available P in water extractable P (WEP) and Olsen P derived from biosolids-P estimated by the exponential depletion model was 2-4% and 15-24% of total P in the applied biosolids, respectively. The residence time of biosolids-induced WEP and Olsen P in Midwest soil under annual corn cropping was 5 and 2 years, respectively. Corn tissue analysis showed lower increase in P concentration by biosolids-P than TSP. The elevation rate of soluble reactive P (SRP) concentration in simulated runoff was less by biosolids than TSP. Based on the data in this study, the plant availability and environmental risk of biosolids-P are lower than those of TSP in the Midwest soil, thus use of biosolids as P nutrient for corn would not cause a major impairment to water sources even P applied through biosolids was not completely used by annual crop.
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Sandha J, White C, Müller A, Ambrose E, Thliveris J, Dixon I, Arora R, Tian G, Hryshko L, Nagendran J, Freed D. Impact of Methylprednisolone on the Development of Myocardial Edema in Hearts Donated After Circulatory Death During Ex Vivo Perfusion. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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White CW, Lillico R, Sandha J, Hasanally D, Wang F, Ambrose E, Müller A, Rachid O, Li Y, Xiang B, Le H, Messer S, Ali A, Large SR, Lee TW, Dixon IMC, Lakowski TM, Simons K, Arora RC, Tian G, Nagendran J, Hryshko LV, Freed DH. Physiologic Changes in the Heart Following Cessation of Mechanical Ventilation in a Porcine Model of Donation After Circulatory Death: Implications for Cardiac Transplantation. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:783-93. [PMID: 26663659 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hearts donated following circulatory death (DCD) may represent an additional source of organs for transplantation; however, the impact of donor extubation on the DCD heart has not been well characterized. We sought to describe the physiologic changes that occur following withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy (WLST) in a porcine model of DCD. Physiologic changes were monitored continuously for 20 min following WLST. Ventricular pressure, volume, and function were recorded using a conductance catheter placed into the right (N = 8) and left (N = 8) ventricles, and using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI, N = 3). Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction occurred following WLST, and was associated with distension of the right ventricle (RV) and reduced cardiac output. A 120-fold increase in epinephrine was subsequently observed that produced a transient hyperdynamic phase; however, progressive RV distension developed during this time. Circulatory arrest occurred 7.6±0.3 min following WLST, at which time MRI demonstrated an 18±7% increase in RV volume and a 12±9% decrease in left ventricular volume compared to baseline. We conclude that hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and a profound catecholamine surge occur following WLST that result in distension of the RV. These changes have important implications on the resuscitation, preservation, and evaluation of DCD hearts prior to transplantation.
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White CW, Ambrose E, Müller A, Li Y, Le H, Thliveris J, Arora RC, Lee TW, Dixon IMC, Tian G, Nagendran J, Hryshko LV, Freed DH. Avoidance of Profound Hypothermia During Initial Reperfusion Improves the Functional Recovery of Hearts Donated After Circulatory Death. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:773-82. [PMID: 26780159 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The resuscitation of hearts donated after circulatory death (DCD) is gaining widespread interest; however, the method of initial reperfusion (IR) that optimizes functional recovery has not been elucidated. We sought to determine the impact of IR temperature on the recovery of myocardial function during ex vivo heart perfusion (EVHP). Eighteen pigs were anesthetized, mechanical ventilation was discontinued, and cardiac arrest ensued. A 15-min standoff period was observed and then hearts were reperfused for 3 min at three different temperatures (5°C; N = 6, 25°C; N = 5, and 35°C; N = 7) with a normokalemic adenosine-lidocaine crystalloid cardioplegia. Hearts then underwent normothermic EVHP for 6 h during which time myocardial function was assessed in a working mode. We found that IR coronary blood flow differed among treatment groups (5°C = 483 ± 53, 25°C = 722 ± 60, 35°C = 906 ± 36 mL/min, p < 0.01). During subsequent EVHP, less myocardial injury (troponin I: 5°C = 91 ± 6, 25°C = 64 ± 16, 35°C = 57 ± 7 pg/mL/g, p = 0.04) and greater preservation of endothelial cell integrity (electron microscopy injury score: 5°C = 3.2 ± 0.5, 25°C = 1.8 ± 0.2, 35°C = 1.7 ± 0.3, p = 0.01) were evident in hearts initially reperfused at warmer temperatures. IR under profoundly hypothermic conditions impaired the recovery of myocardial function (cardiac index: 5°C = 3.9 ± 0.8, 25°C = 6.2 ± 0.4, 35°C = 6.5 ± 0.6 mL/minute/g, p = 0.03) during EVHP. We conclude that the avoidance of profound hypothermia during IR minimizes injury and improves the functional recovery of DCD hearts.
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Feng R, Sang Q, Kuang Y, Sun X, Yan Z, Zhang S, Shi J, Tian G, Luchniak A, Fukuda Y, Li B, Yu M, Chen J, Xu Y, Guo L, Qu R, Wang X, Sun Z, Liu M, Shi H, Wang H, Feng Y, Shao R, Chai R, Li Q, Xing Q, Zhang R, Nogales E, Jin L, He L, Gupta ML, Cowan NJ, Wang L. Mutations in TUBB8 and Human Oocyte Meiotic Arrest. N Engl J Med 2016; 374:223-32. [PMID: 26789871 PMCID: PMC4767273 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1510791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Human reproduction depends on the fusion of a mature oocyte with a sperm cell to form a fertilized egg. The genetic events that lead to the arrest of human oocyte maturation are unknown. Methods We sequenced the exomes of five members of a four-generation family, three of whom had infertility due to oocyte meiosis I arrest. We performed Sanger sequencing of a candidate gene, TUBB8, in DNA samples from these members, additional family members, and members of 23 other affected families. The expression of TUBB8 and all other β-tubulin isotypes was assessed in human oocytes, early embryos, sperm cells, and several somatic tissues by means of a quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assay. We evaluated the effect of the TUBB8 mutations on the assembly of the heterodimer consisting of one α-tubulin polypeptide and one β-tubulin polypeptide (α/β-tubulin heterodimer) in vitro, on microtubule architecture in HeLa cells, on microtubule dynamics in yeast cells, and on spindle assembly in mouse and human oocytes. Results We identified seven mutations in the primate-specific gene TUBB8 that were responsible for oocyte meiosis I arrest in 7 of the 24 families. TUBB8 expression is unique to oocytes and the early embryo, in which this gene accounts for almost all the expressed β-tubulin. The mutations affect chaperone-dependent folding and assembly of the α/β-tubulin heterodimer, disrupt microtubule behavior on expression in cultured cells, alter microtubule dynamics in vivo, and cause catastrophic spindle-assembly defects and maturation arrest on expression in mouse and human oocytes. Conclusions TUBB8 mutations have dominant-negative effects that disrupt microtubule behavior and oocyte meiotic spindle assembly and maturation, causing female infertility. (Funded by the National Basic Research Program of China and others.).
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Zhu LY, Wang ZF, He H, Tian G. Competition between lanthanides in extraction with tri-n-butyl phosphate in supercritical CO2 from solid nitrates. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra20687e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Competition extraction of lanthanide nitrates with tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) is investigated by monitoring the absorption spectra of Ln(iii) in UV-Vis region.
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Luo XJ, Zheng M, Tian G, Zhong HY, Zou XJ, Jian DL. Comparison of the treatment effects of methoxamine and combining methoxamine with atropine infusion to maintain blood pressure during spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery: a double blind randomized trial. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2016; 20:561-567. [PMID: 26914134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypotension is a common complication of spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Atropine is a vagus nerve blocker that can antagonize vagus excitation to mitigate the reflex bradycardia. We aimed to assess the effect of methoxamine-atropine therapy in treating spinal anesthesia hypotension for cesarean section. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a double-blind randomized controlled study. Women under spinal anesthesia for elective caesarean delivery received boluses of methoxamine 2 mg alone (Group M, n = 40), or with addition of atropine 0.1 mg (Group MA1, n = 40), atropine 0.2 mg (Group MA2, n = 40) or atropine 0.3 mg (Group MA3, n = 40) upon a maternal systolic pressure ≤ 80% of baseline. The primary endpoint was systolic blood pressure and the secondary endpoints were maternal heart rates, instant neonatal heart rates, umbilical artery pH and umbilical artery base excess. RESULTS Changes in systolic blood pressure were similar among the four groups. The incidences of bradycardia in groups M and MA1 were significantly higher than those in group MA2 and MA3. The fetal heart rates after delivery in groups MA2 and MA3 were higher than those in group M and MA1 but within the normal range. The acid-base status had no difference in the four groups. CONCLUSIONS Methoxamine-atropine combination has a similar efficacy to methoxamine alone but has an increased hemodynamic stability and a less adverse effect occurrence.
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Zhang Y, Zhao NA, Wang JK, Zhu SM, Zhu HL, Liu B, Cui QW, Guan GC, Tian G. Telmisartan inhibited angiotensin II-induced collagen metabolic imbalance without directly targeting TGF-β 1/Smad signaling pathway in cardiac fibroblasts. Minerva Cardioangiol 2015; 63:507-514. [PMID: 26657532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cardiac fibrosis is an important pathological process of cardiac remodeling. A large number of studies have shown that telmisartan can attenuate cardiac fibrosis through acting on angiotensin II 1 receptor (AT1R), and TGF-β 1/Smad signaling molecule is an important pathway to achieve this effect. The aim of the study was to clarify whether, with excessive activation of RAAS system, telmisartan could also directly target TGF-β 1/Smad signaling pathway to have the function of anti-cardiac fibrosis. METHODS In this study, neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were cultured and AngII or TGF-β 1 was administered for treatment or pre-incubation, and then telmisartan was used for 24 hours' incubation. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests were performed to detect protein expressions. RESULTS The results showed that telmisartan could inhibit collagen synthesis and collagen metabolic imbalance under the effect of Ang II, but telmisartan could not have such function in TGF-β 1-induced cardiac fibroblasts. It was further confirmed by western blot method that telmisartan could inhibit TGF-β 1/Smad signaling molecule expression under the effect of Ang II, but telmisartan had no effect on TGF-β 1-induced Smad signaling molecule expression. CONCLUSION According to the present study telmisartan played a role of anticardiac fibrosis without directly targeting TGF-β 1/Smad signaling pathway molecule.
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Xing R, Li L, Chen L, Gao Z, Wang H, Li W, Cui J, Tian G, Liang Q, Yu J, Sung JJ, Luo G, Gao H, Xu X, Yang H, Wang J, Zhang X, Wang JM, Huang J, Yu Y, Wang J, Lu Y. Copy number variations of HLA-I and activation of NKp30 pathway determine the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells. Oncogene 2015; 35:2584-91. [PMID: 26364607 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nude mice are important in vivo model for characterization of cell malignancy behavior; however, many cancer cells fail to form tumors in it. Understanding this defective mechanism may provide novel insights into tumorigenesis and how tumor cells escape innate immunity. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted on two gastric cancer (GC) cells, BGC823 and AGS, which do and do not form tumors in nude mice, to identify their genomic differences relevant to natural killer (NK) cells. We found that the tumorigenic capacity of human GC cell lines was dependent on the recruitment and activation of NK cells in xenograft tumors. We used whole-genome sequence (WGS) on GC cell lines to identify potential genes controlling susceptibility to NK-mediated killing. The tumorigenic cell line BGC823 expressed high levels of HLA-I because of copy gain and was resistant to NK cell killing. In contrast, another cell line AGS expressing low levels of HLA-I with activated NKp30/MAPK/IL-12 (interleukin-12) or IL-2 (interleukin-2) pathway was susceptible to NK lysis. Treatment of tumor bearing mice with systemic administration of IL-12 in combination with intratumor injection of anti-HLA-I antibody significantly increased NK cell recruitment into xenograft tumors, which became sensitive to NK killing, resulting in reduced tumor progression. In human GC specimens, decreased HLA-I expression and increased NK cells surrounding tumor cells were correlated with decreased metastasis potential and better prognosis of patients. Our results provide a mechanistic basis for GC cells to escape NK lysis and a promising prospect of NK immunotherapy for GC cells.
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Zhang S, Chen Z, Nie Y, Wada R, Ruan X, Han R, Liu X, Lin W, Liu J, Shi F, Ren P, Tian G, Luo F, Ren J, Bao J. Measurement of leakage neutron spectra for Tungsten with D-T neutrons and validation of evaluated nuclear data. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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71
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Tian G, Li X, Li H, Wang X, Cheng B. Systematic meta-analysis of the association between monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -2518A/G polymorphism and risk of tuberculosis. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:5501-10. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.may.25.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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72
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Han X, Wei Y, Tian G, Tang Z, Gao J, Xu X. Screening of crucial long non-coding RNAs in oral epithelial dysplasia by serial analysis of gene expression. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:11729-38. [DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.2.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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73
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Tian G, Liang JN, Wang ZY, Zhou D. Emerging role of leptin in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:557-70. [PMID: 24802245 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested the importance of leptin against autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS) and psoriasis. To summarize our current understanding of the role of leptin in inflammatory responses and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systematic review was conducted to assess the discrepancy of leptin in RA and its effect on immunity according to different studies. Recently, emerging data have indicated that leptin is involved in the pathological function of RA, which is common in autoimmune disorders. This review discusses the possible consequences of leptin levels in RA. Blocking the key signal pathways of leptin and inhibiting the leptin activity-like leptin antagonist may be a promising way for potential therapeutic treatment of RA at risk of detrimental effects. However, leptin was increased in patients with RA and may also regulate joint damage. Thus, more understanding of the mechanism of leptin in RA would be advantageous in the future.
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Tian G, Cowan NJ. Tubulin-specific chaperones: components of a molecular machine that assembles the α/β heterodimer. Methods Cell Biol 2014; 115:155-71. [PMID: 23973072 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-407757-7.00011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The tubulin heterodimer consists of one α- and one β-tubulin polypeptide. Neither protein can partition to the native state or assemble into polymerization competent heterodimers without the concerted action of a series of chaperone proteins including five tubulin-specific chaperones (TBCs) termed TBCA-TBCE. TBCA and TBCB bind to and stabilize newly synthesized quasi-native β- and α-tubulin polypeptides, respectively, following their generation via multiple rounds of ATP-dependent interaction with the cytosolic chaperonin. There is free exchange of β-tubulin between TBCA and TBCD, and of α-tubulin between TBCB and TBCE, resulting in the formation of TBCD/β and TBCE/α, respectively. The latter two complexes interact, forming a supercomplex (TBCE/α/TBCD/β). Discharge of the native α/β heterodimer occurs via interaction of the supercomplex with TBCC, which results in the triggering of TBC-bound β-tubulin (E-site) GTP hydrolysis. This reaction acts as a switch for disassembly of the supercomplex and the release of E-site GDP-bound heterodimer, which becomes polymerization competent following spontaneous exchange with GTP. The tubulin-specific chaperones thus function together as a tubulin assembly machine, marrying the α- and β-tubulin subunits into a tightly associated heterodimer. The existence of this evolutionarily conserved pathway explains why it has never proved possible to isolate α- or β-tubulin as stable independent entities in the absence of their cognate partners, and implies that each exists and is maintained in the heterodimer in a nonminimal energy state. Here, we describe methods for the purification of recombinant TBCs as biologically active proteins following their expression in a variety of host/vector systems.
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White C, Li Y, Müller A, Ambrose E, Hiebert B, Lee T, Arora R, Tian G, Nagendran J, Hryskho L, Freed D. Assessment of Myocardial Performance During Ex Vivo Heart Perfusion. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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