[Prevalence and risk factors of medication non-adherence in children with inflammatory bowel disease]

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of medication non-adherence in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from September 2020 to March 2022 and 112 children with IBD were enrolled. Their general information, medication adherence, and parental disease-related knowledge were collected by questionnaires. According to the medication adherence score, the children were divided into the adherence group (score of 6 to 8) and the non-adherence group (score of <6), then the demographic and clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Subsequently, a multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of medication non-adherence. Results: Of the 112 children, 76 were males and 36 females, with the age of 12.9 (9.5, 14.0) years. There were 50 (44.6%) in the non-adherence group and 62 (55.4%) in the adherence group. Regarding the demographic and clinical characteristics, the results showed that the dosage frequency and the parental disease related knowledge were associated with medication non-adherence (both P<0.05). Multivariate binary Logistic regression analysis showed that compared with 0-6 years old children, the risk of medication non-adherence was significantly increased in children aged 7-12 years (OR=9.30, 95%CI 1.58-54.87, P=0.014) and 13-18 years (OR=8.26, 95%CI 1.49-45.85, P=0.016); and the risk was also significantly increased in children who took medication twice or more per day (OR=12.88, 95%CI 2.77-59.80, P=0.001) compared with children who took medication once per day. Meanwhile, the parental score of the questionnaire on Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis related knowledge (OR=0.76, 95%CI 0.66-0.89, P=0.001) was also a significant risk factor. Conclusions: Medication non-adherence is common in children with IBD. Children older than 7 years, a dosage frequency of twice or more per day, and parental poor disease-related knowledge are the independent risk factors for medication non-adherence in children with IBD. Clinicians should pay attention to promoting patients' adherence to improve clinical outcomes.

Observation of an a_{0}-like State with Mass of 1.817 GeV in the Study of D_{s}^{+}→K_{S}^{0}K^{+}π^{0} Decays

Using e^{+}e^{-} annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32  fb^{-1} collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV with the BESIII detector, we perform the first amplitude analysis of the decay D_{s}^{+}→K_{S}^{0}K^{+}π^{0} and determine the relative branching fractions and phases for intermediate processes. We observe an a_{0}-like state with mass of 1.817 GeV in its decay to K_{S}^{0}K^{+} for the first time. In addition, we measure the ratio {B[D_{s}^{+}→K[over ¯]^{*}(892)^{0}K^{+}]/B[D_{s}^{+}→K[over ¯]^{0}K^{*}(892)^{+}]} to be 2.35_{-0.23stat}^{+0.42}±0.10_{syst}. Finally, we provide a precision measurement of the absolute branching fraction B(D_{s}^{+}→K_{S}^{0}K^{+}π^{0})=(1.46±0.06_{stat}±0.05_{syst})%.

[Association between fasting plasma glucose and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese 55 and older population from four provinces]

Objective: To analyze the association of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population from four provinces. Methods: Data were drawn from the baseline data of the Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Disease 2018-2019. We selected 3 272 subjects aged 55 and above with completed information on demographics, lifestyle, disease history, cognitive test, psychological assessment, and bio-chemistries measurement, and who were capable of performing basic activities of daily living but without Alzheimer's disease during recruitment. A multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the association between FPG and MCI. Results: Median level of FPG in the study population was 5.5 mmol/L. The prevalence of MCI was 24.8%, and those in groups of the FPG quintile were 19.4%, 22.2%, 29.2%, 26.6%, and 26.1%, respectively, which significantly increased the trend (P=0.002). After adjustment of confounders, multivariate logistic regression analysis found that the MCI risk of subjects in the Q₃,Q₄ and Q₅ groups was 1.641 (95%CI: 1.226-2.131), 1.373 (95%CI: 1.036-1.825), 1.402 (95%CI: 1.054-1.871) times as high as that in the Q₁ group, respectively. Conclusion: High FPG level might serve as a risk factor for MCI in the middle-aged and elderly population, suggesting the importance of monitoring and controlling plasma glucose even without diabetes.

[Association between obesity and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Chinese adults aged 18-65 years in 15 provinces in 2018]

Objective: To analyze the association between different types of obesity, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Chinese adults. Methods: Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey data in 2018, different types of obesity were defined across different BMI and WC combinations based on Criteria of weight for adults (WS/T 428-2013), including non-obesity, simple general obesity, simple central obesity, and complex obesity. The associations of different types of obesity, BMI, and WC with T2DM risk were explored using two-level mixed-effects logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models. Results: A total of 7 030 subjects aged 18-65 were included in this study. The prevalence of general obesity and central obesity were 16.29% (502/3 082), 42.28% (1 303/3 082) in males, and 14.41% (569/3 948), 37.87% (1 495/3 948) in females. The prevalence of complex obesity was 14.70% and 12.97% in males and females, respectively. The prevalence of T2DM was 11.28% in participants, and the prevalence in complex obesity (18.98%, 22.07%) was higher than in simple central obesity (16.24%, 15.26%) and non-obesity (9.65%, 5.18%) in males and females, respectively. Multilevel regressions showed that males with simple central obesity and complex obesity had 1.61 (95%CI: 1.24-2.08) and 2.11 (95%CI: 1.56-2.86) times the odds of T2DM, respectively, as compared with the non-obesity; and the odds of T2DM in females were 2.70 (95%CI: 1.16-6.28) times for simple general obesity, 2.62 (95%CI: 2.01-3.40) times for simple central obesity, and 4.47 (95%CI: 3.35-5.98) times for complex obesity. A nearly linear positive association was observed between BMI and T2DM risk. WC was also positively associated with T2DM risk and a non-linearly increased risk in females (P for non-linear=0.024). The risk of T2DM increased when BMI ≥22.5 kg/m² and 23.0 kg/m², WC ≥85.0 cm and 80.0 cm in males and females, respectively. Conclusions: Complex obesity adults are more likely to suffer from T2DM. The risk of T2DM increases significantly when BMI is at the normal high values and waist circumference at the stage of pre-central obesity.

[The role and mechanism of tumor metastasis-associated gene 1 in radiosensitivity of HeLa cells]

Objective: To determine the effect of tumor metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) on the sensitivity of HeLa cells to radiotherapy, and to clarify its molecular mechanism. Methods: The transcriptome differences between MTA1 knocked down Hela cells and control cells were analyzed, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was used to perform Gene-Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Gene Ontology (GO) cluster analysis. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis in MTA1-overexpressed HeLa cells and control cells before and after 10 Gy X-ray irradiation. Cloning formation assay and real-time cellular analysis (RTCA) were used to monitor the cell proliferation before and after 2 Gy X-ray irradiation. To dissect the underlying molecular mechanisms of MTA1 affecting the sensitivity of radiotherapy, the proteins encoded by the DEGs were selected to construct a protein-protein interaction network, the expression of γ-H2AX was detected by immunofluorescence assay, and the expression levels of γ-H2AX, β-CHK2, PARP and cleaved caspase 3 were measured by western blot. Results: By transcriptome sequencing analysis, we obtained 649 DEGs, of which 402 genes were up-regulated in MTA1 knockdown HeLa cells and 247 genes were down-regulated. GSEA results showed that DEGs associated with MTA1 were significantly enriched in cellular responses to DNA damage repair processes. The results of flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of MTA1 over-expression group (15.67±0.81)% after 10 Gy X-ray irradiation was significantly lower than that of the control group [(40.27±2.73)%, P<0.001]. After 2 Gy X-ray irradiation, the proliferation capacity of HeLa cells overexpressing MTA1 was higher than that of control cells (P=0.024). The numbers of colon in MTA1 over-expression group before and after 2 Gy X-ray irradiation were (176±7) and (137±7) respectively, higher than (134±4) and (75±4) in control HeLa cells (P<0.05). The results of immunofluorescence assay showed that there was no significant expression of γ-H2AX in MTA1 overexpressed and control HeLa cells without X-ray irradiation. Western blot results showed that the expression level of β-CHK2 in MTA1-overexpressing HeLa cells (1.04±0.06) was higher than that in control HeLa cells (0.58±0.25, P=0.036) after 10 Gy X-ray irradiation. The expression levels of γ-H2AX, PARP, and cleaved caspase 3 were 0.52±0.13, 0.52±0.22, and 0.63±0.18, respectively, in HeLa cells overexpressing MTA1, which were lower than 0.87±0.06, 0.78±0.12 and 0.90±0.12 in control cells (P>0.05). Conclusions: This study showed that MTA1 is significantly associated with radiosensitivity in cervical cancer HeLa cells. MTA1 over-expression obviously reduces the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to X-ray irradiation. Mechanism studies initially indicate that MTA1 reduces the radiosensitivity of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting cleaved caspase 3 to suppress apoptosis and increasing β-CHK2 to promote DNA repair.

Precise Measurements of Decay Parameters and CP Asymmetry with Entangled Λ-Λ[over ¯] Pairs

Based on 10 billion J/ψ events collected at the BESIII experiment, a search for CP violation in Λ decay is performed in the difference between CP-odd decay parameters α_{-} for Λ→pπ^{-} and α_{+} for Λ[over ¯]→p[over ¯]π^{+} by using the process e^{+}e^{-}→J/ψ→ΛΛ[over ¯]. With a five-dimensional fit to the full angular distributions of the daughter baryon, the most precise values for the decay parameters are determined to be α_{-}=0.7519±0.0036±0.0024 and α_{+}=-0.7559±0.0036±0.0030, respectively. The Λ and Λ[over ¯] averaged value of the decay parameter is extracted to be α_{avg}=0.7542±0.0010±0.0024 with unprecedented accuracy. The CP asymmetry A_{CP}=(α_{-}+α_{+})/(α_{-}-α_{+}) is determined to be -0.0025±0.0046±0.0012, which is one of the most precise measurements in the baryon sector. The reported results for the decay parameter will play an important role in the studies of the polarizations and CP violations for the strange, charmed and beauty baryons.

First Observation of the Direct Production of the χ_{c1} in e^{+}e^{-} Annihilation

We study the direct production of the J^{PC}=1^{++} charmonium state χ_{c1}(1P) in electron-positron annihilation by carrying out an energy scan around the mass of the χ_{c1}(1P). The data were collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. An interference pattern between the signal process e^{+}e^{-}→χ_{c1}(1P)→γJ/ψ→γμ^{+}μ^{-} and the background processes e^{+}e^{-}→γ_{ISR}J/ψ→γ_{ISR}μ^{+}μ^{-} and e^{+}e^{-}→γ_{ISR}μ^{+}μ^{-} is observed by combining all the data samples. The χ_{c1}(1P) signal is observed with a significance of 5.1σ. This is the first observation of a C-even state directly produced in e^{+}e^{-} annihilation. The electronic width of the χ_{c1}(1P) resonance is determined to be Γ_{ee}=(0.12_{-0.08}^{+0.13})  eV, which is of the same order of magnitude as theoretical calculations.

Evidence for a Neutral Near-Threshold Structure in the K_{S}^{0} Recoil-Mass Spectra in e^{+}e^{-}→K_{S}^{0}D_{s}^{+}D^{*-} and e^{+}e^{-}→K_{S}^{0}D_{s}^{*+}D^{-}

We study the processes e^{+}e^{-}→K_{S}^{0}D_{s}^{+}D^{*-} and e^{+}e^{-}→K_{S}^{0}D_{s}^{*+}D^{-}, as well as their charge conjugated processes, at five center-of-mass energies between 4.628 and 4.699 GeV, using data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.8  fb^{-1} collected by the BESIII detector at the BEPCII storage ring. Based on a partial reconstruction technique, we find evidence of a structure near the thresholds for D_{s}^{+}D^{*-} and D_{s}^{*+}D^{-} production in the K_{S}^{0} recoil-mass spectrum, which we refer to as the Z_{cs}(3985)^{0}. Fitting with a Breit-Wigner line shape, we find the mass of the structure to be (3992.2±1.7±1.6)  MeV/c^{2} and the width to be (7.7_{-3.8}^{+4.1}±4.3)  MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The significance of the Z_{cs}(3985)^{0} signal is found to be 4.6σ including both the statistical and systematic uncertainty. We report the Born cross section multiplied by the branching fraction at different energy points. The mass of the Z_{cs}(3985)^{0} is close to that of the Z_{cs}(3985)^{+}. Assuming SU(3) symmetry, the cross section of the neutral channel is consistent with that of the charged one. Hence, we conclude that the Z_{cs}(3985)^{0} is the isospin partner of the Z_{cs}(3985)^{+}.

Observation of Resonance Structures in e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}ψ_{2}(3823) and Mass Measurement of ψ_{2}(3823)

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 11.3  fb^{-1} collected at center-of-mass energies from 4.23 to 4.70 GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the product of the e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}ψ_{2}(3823) cross section and the branching fraction B[ψ_{2}(3823)→γχ_{c1}]. For the first time, resonance structure is observed in the cross section line shape of e^{+}e^{-}→π^{+}π^{-}ψ_{2}(3823) with significances exceeding 5σ. A fit to data with two coherent Breit-Wigner resonances modeling the sqrt[s]-dependent cross section yields M(R_{1})=4406.9±17.2±4.5  MeV/c^{2}, Γ(R_{1})=128.1±37.2±2.3  MeV, and M(R_{2})=4647.9±8.6±0.8  MeV/c^{2}, Γ(R_{2})=33.1±18.6±4.1  MeV. Though weakly disfavored by the data, a single resonance with M(R)=4417.5±26.2±3.5  MeV/c^{2}, Γ(R)=245±48±13  MeV is also possible to interpret data. This observation deepens our understanding of the nature of the vector charmoniumlike states. The mass of the ψ_{2}(3823) state is measured as (3823.12±0.43±0.13)  MeV/c^{2}, which is the most precise measurement to date.

[Clinical analysis of multiple myeloma with second primary malignancies and multiple myeloma secondary to malignancies]

Objective: To compare the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) with second primary malignancies (SPMs) and MM secondary to malignancies. Methods: The clinical data of MM patients diagnosed and treated in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2002 to January 2021 were included. The patients were divided into two groups: MM with SPMs group and MM secondary to malignancies group. The gender, age at first diagnosis, classification, stage, type of combined malignant tumor and the treatment were analyzed. The clinical characteristics and survival differences were compared between the two groups. Results: There were 20 patients in the MM with SPMs group, 9 males and 11 females, aged [M(Q₁,Q₃)] 61.5(56.8, 68.0)years, and the overall survival (OS) was 49.5(32, 58) months, while the time to death from secondary tumor was 12(4,21)months. There were 29 patients in the MM secondary to malignancies group, 13 males and 16 females, aged 64.0(57.0, 71.0)years, and the OS was 97(61, 171) months, while the time to death from secondary MM was 32(18, 47) months. The time from patients diagnosed with MM to SPMs was 37(18, 50) months, which was significantly earlier than that of MM secondary to malignancies [53(31,117) months](P=0.016). The type of tumor was also different between the two groups (P<0.001). In the group of MM with SPMs, the most common type of SPMs was hematopoietic malignancies (12/20, 60.0%), whereas in the group of MM secondary to malignancies, MM was most often secondary to genitourinary malignancies (13/29, 44.8%) (P<0.001). Conclusions: Both MM with SPMs and MM secondary to malignancies can affect the survival of patients. Secondary hematological malignancies account for a high proportion of the second tumors in MM patients, while genitourinary malignancies account for a high proportion of malignant tumors associated with MM.

[The prognostic value of dynamic minimal residual disease after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma in novel-agent era]

Objective: To investigate the clinical prognostic value of dynamic minimal residual disease (MRD) after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: Patients with MM who underwent AHSCT in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital from February 2016 to December 2019 were enrolled in this study. All the patients in the study had complete baseline data at the diagnosis. AHSCT was performed after induction chemotherapy. Response evaluation was performed after induction therapy. All the patients were assessed at approximately 100 days after AHSCT. Bone marrow MRD by NGF was performed every three months and dynamically monitored for at least 12 months. All the patients were divided into different groups according to cytogenetics and MRD status. Survivals in different groups were analyzed by IBM SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Results: A total of 150 patients with MM were enrolled in this study at last, including 66 patients in the cytogenetic standard risk group and 84 patients in the cytogenetic high-risk group. The median age was 54 years (range 30-68 years) and 87 male patients (58.0%) was in the study. The median follow-up was 36 months (range 16-72 months). Patients in the standard-risk group had better clinical prognosis than those in the high-risk group [median PFS in the standard-risk group was not achieved, and median PFS in the high-risk group was 45 months (P<0.001); median OS of both groups was not reached, and the estimated 3-year OS rate of the standard-risk group and the high-risk group was 95.2% and 78.9%, respectively (P=0.001)]. According to MRD status of patients, patients in each group were divided into three subgroups: persistent positive (Ppos), transient negative (Tneg) and persistent negative (Pneg). The median OS and median PFS of all subgroups in the standard-risk group was not reached (P=0.324 and P=0.086). In high-risk group, the median OS of MRD Pneg subgroup was not reached, and the estimated 3-year OS rate was 100%; The median OS of MRD Ppos subgroup was 52 months, and MRD Tneg subgroup only 31 months (P=0.002); the median PFS of MRD Pneg group was not reached, and the estimated 3-year PFS rate was 85.4%; median PFS of MRD Ppos subgroup was 40 months, and MRD Tneg subgroup only 17 months (P=0.001). Conclusions: MRD Pneg might overcome the adverse prognosis of MM patients with high-risk cytogenetics. However, MRD Tneg might be a poor prognostic factor for the patients with cytogenetic high-risk MM.

[Epidemiological characteristics and trends of cardiometabolic risk factors in residents aged 18-64 years in 15 provinces of China]

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and trends of cardiometabolic risk factors in residents aged 18-64 years in 15 provinces (autonomous regions,municipalities) of China, and to analyze the impact of demographic characteristics on cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: 19 827 adults aged 18-64 from the "China Health and Nutrition Survey" in 2009, 2015 and 2018 were selected as subjects. Using the data of demographic and economic factors, blood biochemical measurements and physical measurements, the trend of detection rates of metabolic risk factors in different years was analyzed by Joinpoint regression model. The association between risk factors and demographic characteristics was analyzed by multinomial logit model. Results: Among all the risk factors, overweight and central obesity had the highest detection rates (36.41% and 39.93%, respectively). In addition, among the three years, the clustering of risk factors was highest in 2015 and decreased slightly in 2018. Joinpoint regression model analysis showed that the detection rates of most metabolic risk factors expressing an overall upward trend from 2009 to 2018 but there was no significantly statistical difference in annual percentage change (APC). Among the risk factors under APC>0, the APC of obesity and diabetes was the largest (APC=5.37%, t=3.26, P=0.190; APC=5.52%, t=7.70, P=0.082), while among the risk factors with APC<0, high hs-CRP appeared as the largest (APC=-6.95%, t=-4.17, P=0.150). Multinomial logit model showed that male had higher risk of developing all metabolic risk factors than female except LDL-C, TC and hs-CRP. The risk of other risk factors except HDL-C in adults aged 45-64 years was higher than that in the younger age group aged 18-44 years, and was more significant in hypertension and elevated HbA1c, which were 4.67 (95%CI:4.07-5.37) times and 3.73 (95%CI:2.91-4.77) times of the younger age group, respectively. Residents living in the eastern areas had the highest risk of obesity, borderline high LDL-C, hypertension, elevated blood glucose and diabetes, and the lowest risk of elevated TG and high hs-CRP. People from the western region had the lowest risk of central obesity, elevated blood pressure and hypertension. Conclusions: In the three years, the detection rate and clustering of most risk factors were the highest in 2015, and there was little change in 2018. Gender, age and geographical distribution were the main influencing factors of cadiometabolic risk factors. It is suggested to adopt targeted prevention strategies and intervention measures to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

[Influence of visceral lipids obesity on the early postoperative complications after radical gastrectomy]

Objective: To investigate the effect of visceral fat area (VFA) on the surgical efficacy and early postoperative complications of radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was used. Clinicopathological data and preoperative imaging data of 195 patients who underwent D2 radical gastric cancer surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2014 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Inclusion criteria: (1) complete clinicopathological and imaging data; (2) malignant gastric tumor diagnosed by preoperative pathology, and gastric cancer confirmed by postoperative pathology; (3) no preoperative complications such as bleeding, obstruction or perforation, and no distant metastasis. Those who had a history of abdominal surgery, concurrent malignant tumors, poor basic conditions, emergency surgery, palliative resection, and preoperative neoadjuvant therapy were excluded. The VFA was calculated by software and VFA ≥ 100 cm² was defined as visceral obesity according to the Japan Obesity Association criteria . The patients were divided into high VFA (VFA-H, VFA≥100 cm², n=96) group and low VFA (VFA-L, VFA<100 cm², n=99) group . The clinicopathological characteristics, surgical outcomes and early postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors of early complications. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze predictive values of VFA for early complications. Pearson's χ² test was used to analyze the correlation between BMI and VFA. Results: There were no significant differences in terms of gender, age, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, preoperative comorbidities, preoperative anemia, tumor TNM staging, N staging, T staging and tumor differentiation, surgical method, extent of resection, and tumor location between the VFA-L group and the VFA-H group (all P>0.05). However, patients in the VFA-H group had higher BMI, larger tumor, lower rate of hypoalbuminemia and greater subcutaneous fat area (SFA) (all P<0.05). The VFA-H group presented significantly longer operation time and significantly less number of harvested lymph nodes as compared to the VFA-L group (both P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, conversion to laparotomy and postoperative hospital stay (all P>0.05). Complications of Clavien-Dindo grade II and above within 30 days after operation were mainly anastomosis-related complications (leakage, bleeding, infection and stricture), intestinal obstruction and incision infection. The VFA-H group had a higher morbidity of early complications compared to the VFA-L group [24.0% (23/96) vs 10.1% (10/99), χ²=6.657, P=0.010], and the rates of anastomotic complications and incision infection were also higher in the VFA group [10.4% (10/96) vs. 3.0% (3/99), χ²=4.274, P=0.039; 7.3% (7/96) vs. 1.0% (1/99), P=0.033]. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that high BMI (OR=3.688, 95%CI: 1.685-8.072, P=0.001) and high VFA (OR=2.526, 95%CI: 1.148-5.559,P=0.021) were independent risk factors for early complications. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of VFA for predicting early complications was 0.645, which was higher than that of body weight (0.591), BMI (0.624) and SFA (0.626). Correlation analysis indicated that there was a significantly positive correlation between BMI and VFA (r=0.640, P<0.001). Conclusion: VFA ≥ 100 cm² is an independent risk factor for early complications after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.It can better predict the occurrence of above early postoperative complications.

Observation of a State X(2600) in the π^{+}π^{-}η' System in the Process J/ψ→γπ^{+}π^{-}η'

Based on (10087±44)×10^{6}  J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, the process J/ψ→γπ^{+}π^{-}η^{'} is studied using two largest decay channels of the η^{'} meson, η^{'}→γπ^{+}π^{-} and η^{'}→ηπ^{+}π^{-}, η→γγ. A new resonance, which we denote as the X(2600), is observed with a statistical significance larger than 20σ in the π^{+}π^{-}η^{'} invariant mass spectrum, and it has a connection to a structure around 1.5  GeV/c^{2} in the π^{+}π^{-} invariant mass spectrum. A simultaneous fit on the π^{+}π^{-}η^{'} and π^{+}π^{-} invariant mass spectra with the two η^{'} decay modes indicates that the mass and width of the X(2600) state are 2618.3±2.0_{-1.4}^{+16.3}  MeV/c^{2} and 195±5_{-17}^{+26}  MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second systematic.

Observation of J/ψ Electromagnetic Dalitz Decays to X(1835), X(2120), and X(2370)

Using a sample of about 10^{10}  J/ψ events collected at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=3.097  GeV with the BESIII detector, the electromagnetic Dalitz decays J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}π^{+}π^{-}η^{'}, with η^{'}→γπ^{+}π^{-} and η^{'}→π^{+}π^{-}η, have been studied. The decay J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}X(1835) is observed with a significance of 15σ, and also an e^{+}e^{-} invariant-mass dependent transition form factor of J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}X(1835) is presented for the first time. The intermediate states X(2120) and X(2370) are also observed in the π^{+}π^{-}η^{'} invariant-mass spectrum with significances of 5.3σ and 7.3σ. The corresponding product branching fractions for J/ψ→e^{+}e^{-}X, X→π^{+}π^{-}η^{'} [X=X(1835), X(2120), and X(2370)] are reported.

[Efficacy of laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction versus laparoscopic total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction for early upper gastric cancer]

Objective: To compare clinical efficacy between laparoscopic radical proximal gastrectomy with double-tract reconstruction (LPG-DTR) and laparoscopic radical total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction (LTG-RY) in patients with early upper gastric cancer, and to provide a reference for the selection of surgical methods in early upper gastric cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was carried out. Clinical data of 80 patients with early upper gastric cancer who underwent LPG-DTR or LTG-RY by the same surgical team at the Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2018 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into the DTR group (32 cases) and R-Y group (48 cases) according to surgical procedures and digestive tract reconstruction methods. Surgical and pathological characteristics, postoperative complications (short-term complications within 30 days after surgery and long-term complications after postoperative 30 days), survival time and nutritinal status were compared between the two groups. For nutritional status, reduction rate was used to represent the changes in total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, body mass, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 levels at postoperative 1-year and 2-year. Non-normally distributed continuous data were presented as median (interquartile range), and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison between groups. The χ(2) test or Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of data between groups. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the ranked data between groups. The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier method categorical, and compared by using the log-rank test. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data betweeen the two groups, except that patients in the R-Y group were oldere and had larger tumor. Patients of both groups successfully completed the operation without conversion to laparotomy, combined organ resection, or perioperative death. There were no significant differences in the distance from proximal resection margin to superior margin of tumor, postoperative hospital stay, time to flatus and food-taking, hospitalization cost, short- and long-term complications between the two groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the R-Y group, the DTR group had shorter distal margins [(3.2±0.5) cm vs. (11.7±2.0) cm, t=-23.033, P<0.001], longer surgery time [232.5 (63.7) minutes vs. 185.0 (63.0) minutes, Z=-3.238, P=0.001], longer anastomosis time [62.5 (17.5) minutes vs. 40.0 (10.0) minutes, Z=-6.321, P<0.001], less intraoperative blood loss [(138.1±51.6) ml vs. (184.3±62.1) ml, t=-3.477, P=0.001], with significant differences (all P<0.05). The median follow-up of the whole group was 18 months, and the 2-year cancer-specific survival rate was 97.5%, with 100% in the DTR group and 95.8% in the R-Y group (P=0.373). Compared with R-Y group at postoperative 1 year, the reduction rate of weight, hemoglobin and vitamin B12 were lower in DTR group with significant differences (all P<0.05); at postoperative 2-year, the reduction rate of vitamin B12 was still lower with significant differences (P<0.001), but the reduction rates of total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, body weight and hemoglobin were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: LPG-DTR is safe and feasible in the treatment of early upper gastric cancer. The short-term postoperative nutritional status and long-term vitamin B12 levels of patients undergoing LPG-DTR are superior to those undergoing LTG-RY.

[Benefits and risks of prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stent in patients with stable coronary artery disease and diabetes]

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT>1 year) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes who were event-free at 1 year after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stent (DES) in a large and contemporary PCI registry. Methods: A total of 1 661 eligible patients were selected from the Fuwai PCI Registry, of which 1 193 received DAPT>1 year and 468 received DAPT ≤1 year. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 2, 3 or 5 bleeding, MACCE was defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction or stroke. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) Cox regression analysis were performed. Results: After a median follow-up of 2.5 years, patients who received DAPT>1 year were associated with lower risks of MACCE (1.4% vs. 3.2%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.412, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.205-0.827) compared with DAPT ≤1 year, which was primarily caused by the lower all-cause mortality (0.1% vs. 2.6%; HR 0.031, 95%CI 0.004-0.236). Risks of cardiac death (0.1% vs. 1.5%; HR 0.051, 95%CI 0.006-0.416) and definite/probable ST (0.3% vs. 1.1%; HR 0.218, 95%CI 0.052-0.917) were also lower in patients received DAPT>1 year than those received DAPT ≤ 1 year. No difference was found between the two groups in terms of BARC type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding (5.3% vs. 4.1%; HR 1.088, 95%CI 0.650-1.821). Conclusions: In patients with stable CAD and diabetes who were event-free at 1 year after PCI with DES, prolonged DAPT (>1 year) provides a substantial reduction in ischemic cardiovascular events, including MACCE, all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and definite/probable ST, without increasing the clinically relevant bleeding risk compared with ≤ 1-year DAPT. Further well-designed, large-scale randomized trials are needed to verify the beneficial effect of prolonged DAPT in this population.

[Corrosive sclerosing cholangitis after surgical treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis: a case report]

Corrosive sclerosing cholangitis is a rare postoperative complication of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. Although corrosive sclerosing cholangitis is rare, it progresses rapidly and lacks effective treatments, which usually results in a poor prognosis. This case report retrospectively analyzed the treatment and diagnosis of a case with corrosive sclerosing cholangitis following surgical treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis, so as to provide insights into the diagnosis and treatment of corrosive sclerosing cholangitis.

[The prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome among Tibetan pastoralists in transition from nomadic to settled urban environment]

Objective: To study the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among Tibetan pastoralists in transition from high altitude nomadic to settled urbanized environment, especially dietary factors. Methods: The community-based cross-sectional study included 920 Tibetan adults (men 419, women 501). Data were collected using questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and biomarker tests. Questionnaires included socio-economic, lifestyle characteristics and food consumption. Principal component analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. The risk factors of MS and its components were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results: The prevalence rates of MS and its components were 32.8% (MS), 83.7% (decreased HDL-C), 62.1% (central obesity), 36.7% (elevated blood pressure), 11.8% (elevated TG), and 7.9% (elevated blood glucose), respectively. The prevalence of overweight was 31.2%, obesity 30.3%. Multivariate analysis showed smoking was associated factor for both of decreased HDL-C (OR=1.239, 95%CI: 1.025-1.496) and elevated TG (OR=1.277, 95%CI: 1.038-1.571). Alcohol drinking appeared as associated factor of elevated TG (OR=1.426, 95%CI: 1.055-1.927). However, physical activity showed as a protective factor for central obesity, decreased HDL-C, and elevated TG. With the increase of age, the adherence to the urban and western dietary patterns decreased, and that to the pastoral dietary pattern increased. By quintiles of dietary pattern scores, the urban dietary pattern was significantly associated with MS (trend test P=0.016). Conclusions: Tibetan pastoralists had high prevalence of both MS and obesity. Smoking, alcohol drinking, the transition from pastoral dietary pattern to urban dietary pattern and inadequate physical activity served as associated factors for MS and its components.

Observation of the Singly Cabibbo Suppressed Decay Λ_{c}^{+}→nπ^{+}

The singly Cabibbo-suppressed decay Λ_{c}^{+}→nπ^{+} is observed for the first time with a statistical significance of 7.3σ by using 3.9  fb^{-1} of e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected at center-of-mass energies between 4.612 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector at BEPCII. The branching fraction of Λ_{c}^{+}→nπ^{+} is measured to be (6.6±1.2_{stat}±0.4_{syst})×10^{-4}. By taking the upper limit of branching fractions of Λ_{c}^{+}→pπ^{0} from the Belle experiment, the ratio of branching fractions between Λ_{c}^{+}→nπ^{+} and Λ_{c}^{+}→pπ^{0} is calculated to be larger than 7.2 at the 90% confidence level, which disagrees with most predictions of the available phenomenological models. In addition, the branching fractions of the Cabibbo-favored decays Λ_{c}^{+}→Λπ^{+} and Λ_{c}^{+}→Σ^{0}π^{+} are measured to be (1.31±0.08_{stat}±0.05_{syst})×10^{-2} and (1.22±0.08_{stat}±0.07_{syst})×10^{-2}, respectively, which are consistent with previous results.

Measurement of the Cross Section for e^{+}e^{-}→Hadrons at Energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV

Based on electron-positron collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider II storage rings, the value of R≡σ(e^{+}e^{-}→hadrons)/σ(e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}) is measured at 14 center-of-mass energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV. The resulting uncertainties are less than 3.0% and are dominated by systematic uncertainties.

[The prognostic relationship between CD56 expression and newly diagnosed multiple myeloma]

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of CD56 expression in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM). Methods: A total of 332 NDMM patients were enrolled in Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 1, 2011 to January 1, 2021, with a median age of 60 years and a male to female ratio of 1.2∶1. CD56 expression on myeloma cells was detected by flow cytometry before induction therapy. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) data were collected. In order to reduce the confounding factors, the propensity score matching technique was used to match CD56 positive versus negative patients at a ratio of 1∶1. Results: Among 332 patients, CD56 positivity rate was 65.1% (216/332). Patients with CD56 expression had significantly longer median OS (58.4 vs. 43.1 months, P=0.024) and PFS (28.7 vs. 24.1 months, P=0.013) than those with negative CD56. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses showed that CD56 expression was positively correlated with OS (HR=0.644, 95%CI 0.438-0.947, P=0.025) and a favorable prognostic factor for PFS (HR=0.646, 95%CI 0.457-0.913,P=0.013). The favorable effect of CD56 expression on PFS was confirmed in multivariate analysis (HR=0.705, 95%CI 0.497-0.998, P=0.049), but OS was not affected (P>0.05).In the propensity score matching analysis, 194 patients with 97 in each group were identified. CD56 positivity consistently predicted longer PFS (34.2 vs.25.1 months, P=0.047), but not OS (63.4 vs.43.1 months, P=0.056). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that CD56 expression is a favorable prognostic factor for PFS of newly diagnosed MM patients.

First Measurement of Polarizations in the Decay D^{0}→ωφ

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93  fb^{-1} collected at a center-of-mass energy sqrt[s]=3.773  GeV by the BESIII detector, the decay D^{0}→ωϕ is observed for the first time. The branching fraction is measured to be (6.48±0.96±0.40)×10^{-4} with a significance of 6.3σ, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. An angular analysis reveals that the ϕ and ω mesons from the D^{0}→ωϕ decay are transversely polarized. The 95% confidence level upper limit on longitudinal polarization fraction is set to be less than 0.24, which is inconsistent with current theoretical expectations and challenges our understanding of the underlying dynamics in charm meson decays.