51
|
Seo JW, Jang AL, Suh SH, Park HS, Kang MK, Hong JC. Atypia of undetermined significance on thyroid fine needle aspiration - risk factors for malignancy. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:234-238. [PMID: 27383045 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study is designed to determine the clinical predictors of malignancy in the atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) category resulted from thyroid fine needle aspiration (FNA). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Dong-A University Medical Center, Busan, Korea. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-two patients who underwent thyroid surgery from January 2010 to December 2013, following a diagnosis of AUS from preoperative thyroid FNA. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES We investigated the age, gender, maximum size and site of the nodules, ultrasonographic findings, cytological features, BRAF gene mutation, surgical method, number of AUS on repeated FNA and final pathologic results. RESULTS Forty-one of sixty-two patients underwent total thyroidectomy and the rest had lobectomy. The final pathologic results were 41 malignancies and 21 benign diseases. Nodules less than 1.5 cm, ultrasonographic findings suggestive of malignancy were risk factors for malignancy on univariated analysis (P < 0.001). Multivariated analysis showed that nodules less than 1.5 cm, ultrasonographic findings suggestive of malignancy and more than 2 results of atypia from repeated FNAs were significant risk factors for malignancy (P < 0.001). A BRAF gene mutation analysis was performed in 38 patients, and 13 patients had the mutation. All patients with the BRAF gene mutation had been diagnosed with papillary thyroid cancer (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We recommend close observation or diagnostic surgery in patients with nodules <1.5 cm and with two or more malignant ultrasound feature and a BRAF mutation, or with two or more AUS findings on repeated FNAs.
Collapse
|
52
|
Ahn S, Min SK, Min SI, Ha J, Jung IM, Kim SJ, Park HS, Lee T. Treatment Strategy for Persistent Sciatic Artery and Novel Classification Reflecting Anatomic Status. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 52:360-9. [PMID: 27369291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a relatively rare congenital variant of the lower limb vasculature and can have highly variable clinical presentations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between PSA anatomy and clinical presentation, and to suggest an optimal management strategy. METHODS Between 2001 and 2014, 24 PSAs in 19 patients were diagnosed by computed tomography and referred to the vascular surgery department. Patient demographics, types of PSA and femoral artery, aneurysmal changes, symptoms, and treatment methods were assessed. Additionally, all English literature from 1964 to 2014 was reviewed and compared using the PubMed database (224 PSAs in 171 patients). RESULTS PSA was diagnosed in 10 men (52.6%) and nine women (47.4%). PSAs were bilateral in five patients (26.3%) and symptomatic in 12 patients, while in seven patients PSA was found incidentally. According to the Pillet-Gauffre classification, Type 2a was the most common variant (n = 15/24, 62.5%), with unclassifiable types in two limbs. Compared with cases in the literature, the PSA occlusion rate in this study was higher (n = 10/24, 41.7% vs. n = 54/224, 27.5%), but aneurysm incidence was higher in the literature cases (n = 5/24, 20.8% vs. n = 112/224; 50.7%). In this study, 16 limbs (66.6%) were treated conservatively, and six limbs were treated by open surgery, including four bypasses, one amputation, and one thrombo-embolectomy. Endovascular coil embolization was performed in one limb, and a hybrid procedure with stent graft was performed in one limb with PSA aneurysm. Based on the present series and the literature review, a new classification system and treatment option is proposed according to the anatomic status and the presence of aneurysm. According to the new classification, class III was the most common in both the present study (18/24; 75%) and the literature review, and the presence of aneurysm was the most important determinant of surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS The new classification system is simple and provides guidance for management. Limb anatomy of the femoral artery system and the presence of PSA aneurysm should be considered when selecting the optimal treatment. The risk of embolism from the presence of aneurysm is an important factor for treatment, and bypass surgery is mostly required in classes III and IV.
Collapse
|
53
|
Lim J, Park HS. Relationship between underweight, bone mineral density and skeletal muscle index in premenopausal Korean women. Int J Clin Pract 2016; 70:462-8. [PMID: 27163650 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common health problems in postmenopausal women. However, studies of these issues in premenopausal women are limited. Our present study aimed to investigate relationship the between underweight, bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) in a representative sample of premenopausal Korean women. METHODS We used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2009-2010). Participants included 1767 healthy, ≥ 20-year-old, non-obese premenopausal women. Underweight was defined as BMI< 18.5 kg/m(2) and normal weight was defined as 18.5 ≤ BMI< 23 kg/m(2) . We analysed anthropometric measurements, BMD and SMI with a DXA scanner. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between underweight, BMD and SMI after adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS The prevalence of low BMD and low SMI in underweight women was 23.9% and 18.4%, respectively, compared with 9.4% and 1.7% in normal weight women. Low BMD and/or low SMI were present in 36.7% of underweight women compared with 10.7% of normal weight women. After adjustments, underweight women exhibited a higher odds ratio for low BMD (OR, 3.41; 95% CI, 2.31-5.05), low SMI (OR, 11.61; 95% CI, 6.17-21.88) and combined low BMD and low SMI (OR, 23.82; 95% CI, 8.92-63.58) when compared with normal weight women. CONCLUSION Underweight premenopausal women are at a higher risk of low bone mass and low skeletal muscle. Educational efforts that promote a normal weight in premenopausal women should be reinforced.
Collapse
|
54
|
Ko B, Lim J, Kim YZ, Park HS. Trends in type 2 diabetes prevalence according to income levels in Korea (1998-2012). Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 115:137-9. [PMID: 26830075 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There was no significant association between diabetes prevalence and income levels for either sex in 1998. However, the high income level in men and the low income level in women positively related to the odds of diabetes in 2011-2012. Preventive strategies for diabetes should consider the gender-specific economic discrepancy.
Collapse
|
55
|
Nakamura M, Kagawa F, Tanigaki T, Park HS, Matsuda T, Shindo D, Tokura Y, Kawasaki M. Spontaneous Polarization and Bulk Photovoltaic Effect Driven by Polar Discontinuity in LaFeO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} Heterojunctions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 116:156801. [PMID: 27127978 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.156801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Structurally coherent and chemically abrupt interfaces formed between polar and nonpolar perovskite oxides provide an ideal platform for examining the purely electronic reconstruction known as the polar catastrophe and the emergence of mobile or bound charges at the interface. The appearance of mobile charges induced by the polar catastrophe is already established in the LaAlO_{3}/SrTiO_{3} heterojunctions. Although not experimentally verified, the polar catastrophe can also lead to the emergence of spontaneous polarization. We report that thin films of originally nonpolar LaFeO_{3} grown on SrTiO_{3} are converted to polar as a consequence of the polar catastrophe. The induced spontaneous polarization evokes photovoltaic properties distinct from conventional p-n junctions, such as a switching of the photocurrent direction by changing the interfacial atomic sequence. The control of the bulk polarization by engineering the interface demonstrated here will expand the possibilities for designing and realizing new polar materials with photovoltaic functions.
Collapse
|
56
|
Kim S, Park HS, Kim JY, Nam S, Kim GM, Sohn JH, Kim SI. Abstract P1-15-04: Irriversible chemotherapy-induced alopecia in breast cancer patient. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-15-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Patients with breast cancer who received chemotherapy have distressing side effects such as mucositis, alopecia, gastritis, and BM suppression. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia(CIA) is one of considerable psychological events in self-esteem in patients with breast cancer, but the possibility of irreversible alopecia is often overlooked by physician.
We investigated clinical characteristics of CIA and prevalence of irreversible severe hair loss in patient with breast cancer who received chemotherapy.
Methods
We conducted a survey to collect demographic information about CIA with 150 breast cancer patients who had passed at least 6 months since their last day of chemotherapy from February 2015 to May 2015 in Yonsei Cancer Center. We obtained clinical information as age, elapsed time from end of chemotherapy, chemotherapy regimen, and other adjuvant therapy using their electrical medical records. We compared irreversible CIA characters between anthracycline and cyclophosphamide (AC) and taxane based regimen groups. The severe alopecia was defined as the hair density loss over 50% compared to the hair density before chemotherapy.
Results
The mean age at chemotherapy was 48 years old (±17.3) and the mean elapsed time after chemotherapy was 37 months (±9.5) in total patients.
Remnant alopecia was reported in 71 patients (47.3%). Wig or hat were used in 39 patients (26.0%).
The mean satisfaction score with a five-point scale was 4 in patients without alopecia or hair character change and 2.2 in patients with irreversible alopecia (p<0.001). The severe irreversible hair loss was complained by the 12 (8.2%) patients.
AC and taxane based chemotherapy were carried out in 65 and 85 patients, respectively. In AC group, remnant alopecia was shown in 18 patients (27.7%), and more than a half of patients in taxane group, 53 patients (62.4%), showed remnant alopecia (p<0.001). While only five patients (7.8%) in AC group suffered for severe hair loss, 26 patients (31.3%) in taxane group were affected by severe hair loss (p=0.001). The mean satisfaction level of hair status in patients in taxane group was 2.5 as compared to 3.6 in those in AC group (p<0.001).
Conclusion
Contrary to general expectation, About a half of breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy complained of irreversible hair loss even though at least 6 months has elapsed since the end of chemotherpy. In particular, patients with taxane based chemotherapy had more irreversible and severe alopecia than those with AC chemotherapy.
Citation Format: Kim S, Park HS, Kim JY, Nam S, Kim GM, Sohn JH, Kim SI. Irriversible chemotherapy-induced alopecia in breast cancer patient. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-04.
Collapse
|
57
|
Yoon Moon S, Su Park H, Young Woo J, Kyun Choi J, Oh H, Up Kim K, Soo Rho Y, Chung EJ, Cho S, Ko Y, Young Park S, Mo EK, Bum Park Y. Primary Thyroid Angiosarcoma with Tracheal Invasion. Intern Med 2016; 55:1165-9. [PMID: 27150873 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.55.5447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A 48-year-old woman was referred to our clinic because she had been experiencing hemoptysis for 1 month. Chest computed tomography revealed a small portion of a thyroid mass was penetrating the trachea. Bronchoscopy revealed a blood vessel covered mass located in her trachea. The presence of a malignant tumor was confirmed by a biopsy. The patient was referred to the otolaryngology department for tumor resection and a pathological evaluation identified the thyroid angiosarcoma with tracheal invasion. Angiosarcomas have a poor prognosis, but the patient has not experienced any recurrence two years after surgery. A very rare case of primary thyroid angiosarcoma with tracheal invasion was cured successfully.
Collapse
|
58
|
Lee JH, Subhadra B, Son YJ, Kim DH, Park HS, Kim JM, Koo SH, Oh MH, Kim HJ, Choi CH. Phylogenetic group distributions, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance properties of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in South Korea. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 62:84-90. [PMID: 26518617 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common diseases by which humans seek medical help and are caused mainly by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Studying the virulence and antibiotic resistance of UPEC with respect to various phylogenetic groups is of utmost importance in developing new therapeutic agents. Thus, in this study, we analysed the virulence factors, antibiotic resistance and phylogenetic groups among various UPEC isolates from children with UTIs. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that majority of the strains responsible for UTIs belonged to the phylogenetic groups B2 and D. Of the 58 E. coli isolates, 79·31% belonged to group B2, 15·51% to group D, 3·44% to group A and 1·72% to B1. Simultaneously, the number of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance exhibited were also significantly high in groups B2 and D compared to other groups. Among the isolates, 44·8% were multidrug resistant and of that 73% belonged to the phylogenetic group B2, indicating the compatibility of antibiotic resistance and certain strains carrying virulence factor genes. The antibiotic resistance profiling of UPEC strains elucidates that the antimicrobial agents such as chloramphenicol, cefoxitin, cefepime, ceftazidime might still be used in the therapy for treating UTIs. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY As the antibiotic resistance pattern of uropathogenic Escherichia coli varies depending on different geographical regions, the antibiotic resistance pattern from this study will help the physicians to effectively administer antibiotic therapy for urinary tract infections. In addition, the frequency of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes among various phylogenic groups could be effectively used to draw new targets for uropathogenic Escherichia coli antibiotic-independent therapies. The study emphasizes need of public awareness on multidrug resistance and for more prudent use of antimicrobials.
Collapse
|
59
|
Bousquet J, Schunemann HJ, Fonseca J, Samolinski B, Bachert C, Canonica GW, Casale T, Cruz AA, Demoly P, Hellings P, Valiulis A, Wickman M, Zuberbier T, Bosnic-Anticevitch S, Bedbrook A, Bergmann KC, Caimmi D, Dahl R, Fokkens WJ, Grisle I, Lodrup Carlsen K, Mullol J, Muraro A, Palkonen S, Papadopoulos N, Passalacqua G, Ryan D, Valovirta E, Yorgancioglu A, Aberer W, Agache I, Adachi M, Akdis CA, Akdis M, Annesi-Maesano I, Ansotegui IJ, Anto JM, Arnavielhe S, Arshad H, Baiardini I, Baigenzhin AK, Barbara C, Bateman ED, Beghé B, Bel EH, Ben Kheder A, Bennoor KS, Benson M, Bewick M, Bieber T, Bindslev-Jensen C, Bjermer L, Blain H, Boner AL, Boulet LP, Bonini M, Bonini S, Bosse I, Bourret R, Bousquet PJ, Braido F, Briggs AH, Brightling CE, Brozek J, Buhl R, Burney PG, Bush A, Caballero-Fonseca F, Calderon MA, Camargos PAM, Camuzat T, Carlsen KH, Carr W, Cepeda Sarabia AM, Chavannes NH, Chatzi L, Chen YZ, Chiron R, Chkhartishvili E, Chuchalin AG, Ciprandi G, Cirule I, Correia de Sousa J, Cox L, Crooks G, Costa DJ, Custovic A, Dahlen SE, Darsow U, De Carlo G, De Blay F, Dedeu T, Deleanu D, Denburg JA, Devillier P, Didier A, Dinh-Xuan AT, Dokic D, Douagui H, Dray G, Dubakiene R, Durham SR, Dykewicz MS, El-Gamal Y, Emuzyte R, Fink Wagner A, Fletcher M, Fiocchi A, Forastiere F, Gamkrelidze A, Gemicioğlu B, Gereda JE, González Diaz S, Gotua M, Grouse L, Guzmán MA, Haahtela T, Hellquist-Dahl B, Heinrich J, Horak F, Hourihane JO', Howarth P, Humbert M, Hyland ME, Ivancevich JC, Jares EJ, Johnston SL, Joos G, Jonquet O, Jung KS, Just J, Kaidashev I, Kalayci O, Kalyoncu AF, Keil T, Keith PK, Khaltaev N, Klimek L, Koffi N'Goran B, Kolek V, Koppelman GH, Kowalski ML, Kull I, Kuna P, Kvedariene V, Lambrecht B, Lau S, Larenas-Linnemann D, Laune D, Le LTT, Lieberman P, Lipworth B, Li J, Louis R, Magard Y, Magnan A, Mahboub B, Majer I, Makela MJ, Manning P, De Manuel Keenoy E, Marshall GD, Masjedi MR, Maurer M, Mavale-Manuel S, Melén E, Melo-Gomes E, Meltzer EO, Merk H, Miculinic N, Mihaltan F, Milenkovic B, Mohammad Y, Molimard M, Momas I, Montilla-Santana A, Morais-Almeida M, Mösges R, Namazova-Baranova L, Naclerio R, Neou A, Neffen H, Nekam K, Niggemann B, Nyembue TD, O'Hehir RE, Ohta K, Okamoto Y, Okubo K, Ouedraogo S, Paggiaro P, Pali-Schöll I, Palmer S, Panzner P, Papi A, Park HS, Pavord I, Pawankar R, Pfaar O, Picard R, Pigearias B, Pin I, Plavec D, Pohl W, Popov TA, Portejoie F, Postma D, Potter P, Price D, Rabe KF, Raciborski F, Radier Pontal F, Repka-Ramirez S, Robalo-Cordeiro C, Rolland C, Rosado-Pinto J, Reitamo S, Rodenas F, Roman Rodriguez M, Romano A, Rosario N, Rosenwasser L, Rottem M, Sanchez-Borges M, Scadding GK, Serrano E, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sheikh A, Simons FER, Sisul JC, Skrindo I, Smit HA, Solé D, Sooronbaev T, Spranger O, Stelmach R, Strandberg T, Sunyer J, Thijs C, Todo-Bom A, Triggiani M, Valenta R, Valero AL, van Hage M, Vandenplas O, Vezzani G, Vichyanond P, Viegi G, Wagenmann M, Walker S, Wang DY, Wahn U, Williams DM, Wright J, Yawn BP, Yiallouros PK, Yusuf OM, Zar HJ, Zernotti ME, Zhang L, Zhong N, Zidarn M, Mercier J. MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis (MASK-rhinitis): the new generation guideline implementation. Allergy 2015; 70:1372-92. [PMID: 26148220 DOI: 10.1111/all.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several unmet needs have been identified in allergic rhinitis: identification of the time of onset of the pollen season, optimal control of rhinitis and comorbidities, patient stratification, multidisciplinary team for integrated care pathways, innovation in clinical trials and, above all, patient empowerment. MASK-rhinitis (MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a simple system centred around the patient which was devised to fill many of these gaps using Information and Communications Technology (ICT) tools and a clinical decision support system (CDSS) based on the most widely used guideline in allergic rhinitis and its asthma comorbidity (ARIA 2015 revision). It is one of the implementation systems of Action Plan B3 of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA). Three tools are used for the electronic monitoring of allergic diseases: a cell phone-based daily visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment of disease control, CARAT (Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test) and e-Allergy screening (premedical system of early diagnosis of allergy and asthma based on online tools). These tools are combined with a clinical decision support system (CDSS) and are available in many languages. An e-CRF and an e-learning tool complete MASK. MASK is flexible and other tools can be added. It appears to be an advanced, global and integrated ICT answer for many unmet needs in allergic diseases which will improve policies and standards.
Collapse
|
60
|
Shin DS, Lee S, Park HS, Lee SB, Chung MS. Segmentation and surface reconstruction of a cadaver heart on Mimics software. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2015; 74:372-7. [PMID: 26339820 DOI: 10.5603/fm.2015.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Visible Korean research team used Mimics software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) for the segmentation and subsequent surface reconstruction of heart structures using information obtained from sectioned images of a cadaver. Twenty-six heart components were outlined in advance on Photoshop (Adobe Systems, San Jose, CA, USA). By use of the Mimics, the outlined images were then browsed along with the vertical planes as well as the 3-dimensional surface models, which were immediately built by piling the images. Erroneous delineation was readily detected and revised until satisfactory heart models were acquired. The surface models and the selected sectioned images in horizontal, coronal, and sagittal planes were inputted into a PDF file, where any combinations of reconstructed constituents could be displayed and rotated by the user. Mimics software accelerated the segmentation and surface reconstruction of heart anatomical structures. Similar benefits hopefully result from various serial images of other organs. The PDF file, and plane and stereoscopic image data are being distributed to others, and should prove valuable for medical students and clinicians.
Collapse
|
61
|
Shibata K, Iwasaki J, Kanazawa N, Aizawa S, Tanigaki T, Shirai M, Nakajima T, Kubota M, Kawasaki M, Park HS, Shindo D, Nagaosa N, Tokura Y. Large anisotropic deformation of skyrmions in strained crystal. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 10:589-592. [PMID: 26030654 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical control of magnetism is an important and promising approach in spintronics. To date, strain control has mostly been demonstrated in ferromagnetic structures by exploiting a change in magnetocrystalline anisotropy. It would be desirable to achieve large strain effects on magnetic nanostructures. Here, using in situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that anisotropic strain as small as 0.3% in a chiral magnet of FeGe induces very large deformations in magnetic skyrmions, as well as distortions of the skyrmion crystal lattice on the order of 20%. Skyrmions are stabilized by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, originating from a chiral crystal structure. Our results show that the change in the modulation of the strength of this interaction is amplified by two orders of magnitude with respect to changes in the crystal lattice due to an applied strain. Our findings may provide a mechanism to achieve strain control of topological magnetic structures based on the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.
Collapse
|
62
|
Park SJ, Shim JW, Park HS, Eum DY, Park MT, Mi Yi J, Choi SH, Kim SD, Son TG, Lu W, Kim ND, Yang K, Heo K. MacroH2A1 downregulation enhances the stem-like properties of bladder cancer cells by transactivation of Lin28B. Oncogene 2015; 35:1292-301. [PMID: 26028027 PMCID: PMC4791524 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The histone variant, macroH2A1, has an important role in embryonic stem cell differentiation and tumor progression in various types of tumors. However, the regulatory roles of macroH2A1 on bladder cancer progression have not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that macroH2A1 knockdown promotes stem-like properties of bladder cancer cells. The knockdown of macroH2A1 in bladder cancer cells increased tumorigenicity, radioresistance, degeneration of reactive oxygen species, increased sphere formation capability and an increase in the proportion of side populations. We found that macroH2A1 is required for the suppression of Lin28B identified as a novel downstream target of macroH2A1 in bladder cancer. Loss of macroH2A1 expression significantly correlated with the elevated levels of Lin28B expression and subsequently inhibited the mature let-7 microRNA expression. Furthermore, the stable overexpression of Lin28B enhances the several phenotypes, including tumorigenicity and sphere-forming ability, which are induced by macroH2A1 depletion. Importantly, Lin28B expression was regulated by macroH2A1-mediated reciprocal binding of p300 and EZH2/SUV39H1. Our results suggest that Lin28B/let-7 pathway is tightly regulated by macroH2A1 and its cofactors, and have a pivotal role in the bladder tumor progression and the regulation of stem-like characteristics of bladder cancer cells.
Collapse
|
63
|
Lee HJ, Moon HS, Choi SK, Park HS. Multi-core fiber interferometer using spatial light modulators for measurement of the inter-core group index differences. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:12555-12561. [PMID: 26074510 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.012555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate an experimental technique to generate and measure arbitrary superpositions of core modes in a multi-core fiber. Two spatial light modulators couple the fundamental mode of a single-mode fiber with multiple-core modes of the MCF to constitute a Mach-Zehnder-type multi-path interferometer. The phase tunability of each path is verified by comparing two-, three-, and four-path interference patterns with the theory. Interference fringes in the wavelength domain estimates the inter-core group index differences with a resolution of 10(-5) using a fiber length of 1 m.
Collapse
|
64
|
Park HS, Kim E, Moon BS, Lim NH, Lee BC, Kim SE. In Vivo Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Carbon-11-Labeled Clozapine in Healthy Volunteers: A Positron Emission Tomography Study. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2015. [PMID: 26225256 PMCID: PMC4452936 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated clozapine (CLZ) tissue pharmacokinetics in vivo by using carbon-11-labeled CLZ (11C-CLZ) and positron emission tomography (PET). Eight healthy volunteers underwent 11C-CLZ studies wherein computed tomography image acquisition was followed by PET scans (whole-body, four; brain, four). After bolus intravenous 11C-CLZ injection, PET images were acquired at various timepoints for 2–3 hours. Tissue 11C-CLZ signals were plotted over time, and pharmacokinetic parameters were determined. High 11C-CLZ radioactivity was detected in the liver and brain, implying CLZ hepatic metabolism and efficient blood–brain barrier penetration. The urinary and hepatobiliary tracts were involved in 11C-CLZ excretion. Moderate to high radioactivity was observed in the dopaminergic and serotonergic receptor-rich brain regions, indicating CLZ binding to multiple receptor types. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the determination of 11C-CLZ tissue pharmacokinetics in humans. PET using radiolabeled drugs can provide valuable information that could complement plasma pharmacokinetic data.
Collapse
|
65
|
Choi SE, Park HS. Pulmonary acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma with focal signet ring cell morphology mimicking malignant mesothelioma on fine needle aspiration cytology: a case report. Cytopathology 2015; 27:131-3. [PMID: 25828595 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
66
|
Kim SH, Kim KH, Park HS, Yoo H, Chae BJ, Bae JS, Jung SS, Song BJ. Factors related with metastasis of right retroesophageal lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer. MINERVA CHIR 2015; 70:1-5. [PMID: 25650649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Right retroesophageal lymph nodes (RRLNs) should be involved in central lymph nodes (CLNs) dissection in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). This study assessed the incidence and factors related to RRLNs metastasis. METHODS From January 2008 to March 2010, 129 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy with CLNs dissection including RRLNs were enrolled. The predictive value of RRLNs metastasis was assessed. RESULTS Twenty six (20.1%) of 129 patients exhibited nodal metastasis in RRLNs. Metastasis of RRLNs was associated with large tumor size (>1 cm; P<0.01), multiplicity (P=0.03), preoperative LN enlargement (P<0.01), metastasis of non-retroesophageal lateral LN (P<0.01) and large number of CLNs metastases (P<0.01) in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size (>1 cm) and metastasis of non-retroesophageal lateral LN were independent correlates of RRLNs metastases. CONCLUSION RRLNs may be removed during operation for PTC, particularly in patients with tumor >1 cm and lateral LN metastases.
Collapse
|
67
|
Kim KU, Choi JK, Oh HM, Woo JY, Park HS, Moon SY, Seo WW, Han KR. Myocardial Ischemia by Aggravation of Myocardial Bridging. J Lipid Atheroscler 2015. [DOI: 10.12997/jla.2015.4.2.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
68
|
Woo JY, Moon SY, Park HS, Kim KU, Choi JK, Seo WW, Park DG. Intramural Hematoma with Air Density on Computed Tomography after Percutaneous Kyphoplasty. J Lipid Atheroscler 2015. [DOI: 10.12997/jla.2015.4.2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
69
|
Kim EJ, Park HS, Yoon HS, Cho S. A case of perforating dermatofibroma with floret-like giant cells. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 40:305-8. [PMID: 25534666 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dermatofibromas are slow-growing solitary nodules, composed mostly of a dermal proliferation of spindle cells and epithelioid cells. Some dermatofibromas present with multinucleated giant cells, such as Touton, foreign body, and osteoclast-like cells. We report a case of dermatofibroma containing both Touton giant cells and floret-type cells. A 12-year-old boy presented with a 6-mm, firm, nontender, dusky-red to greyish dermal nodule on his left popliteal fossa. As suggested clinically by the central opening, perforation of the epidermis with partial extrusion of the dermal components, including macrophages and vertically oriented collagen bundles, via transepidermal elimination, were detected. In the upper dermis, collagen trapping and mostly epithelioid cells with many giant cells were seen, while the lower part contained mainly spindle cells in a storiform pattern. Multinucleated giant cells scattered in the upper dermis were mainly floret-type multinucleated giant cells with star-shaped cytoplasmic projections, associated with some Touton giant cells. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a perforating dermatofibroma with floret-type multinucleated giant cells.
Collapse
|
70
|
Kim EJ, Park HS, Yoon HS, Kim KH, Cho S. Demographic and clinical differences between unilateral and bilateral forms of naevoid telangiectasia: a retrospective study with review of the literature. Br J Dermatol 2014; 172:1651-1653. [PMID: 25495722 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
71
|
Rinderknecht HG, Sio H, Frenje JA, Magoon J, Agliata A, Shoup M, Ayers S, Bailey CG, Gatu Johnson M, Zylstra AB, Sinenian N, Rosenberg MJ, Li CK, Sèguin FH, Petrasso RD, Rygg JR, Kimbrough JR, Mackinnon A, Bell P, Bionta R, Clancy T, Zacharias R, House A, Döppner T, Park HS, LePape S, Landen O, Meezan N, Robey H, Glebov VU, Hohenberger M, Stoeckl C, Sangster TC, Li C, Parat J, Olson R, Kline J, Kilkenny J. A magnetic particle time-of-flight (MagPTOF) diagnostic for measurements of shock- and compression-bang time at the NIF (invited). THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11D901. [PMID: 25430279 DOI: 10.1063/1.4886775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic particle time-of-flight (MagPTOF) diagnostic has been designed to measure shock- and compression-bang time using D(3)He-fusion protons and DD-fusion neutrons, respectively, at the National Ignition Facility (NIF). This capability, in combination with shock-burn weighted areal density measurements, will significantly constrain the modeling of the implosion dynamics. This design is an upgrade to the existing particle time-of-flight (pTOF) diagnostic, which records bang times using DD or DT neutrons with an accuracy better than ±70 ps [H. G. Rinderknecht et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 10D902 (2012)]. The inclusion of a deflecting magnet will increase D(3)He-proton signal-to-background by a factor of 1000, allowing for the first time simultaneous measurements of shock- and compression-bang times in D(3)He-filled surrogate implosions at the NIF.
Collapse
|
72
|
Lim DH, Park SH, Baik SJ, Lee HA, Lee WK, Kong KA, Park HS, Jung-Choi KH. Population Attributable Fraction of Lower Education for Mortality in Korea with Improvement of Educational Attainment and No Improvement in Mortality Inequalities. Eur J Public Health 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku165.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
73
|
Murakami Y, Niitsu K, Tanigaki T, Kainuma R, Park HS, Shindo D. Magnetization amplified by structural disorder within nanometre-scale interface region. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4133. [PMID: 24939746 PMCID: PMC4083443 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct magnetization measurements from narrow, complex-shaped antiphase boundaries (APBs; that is, planar defect produced in any ordered crystals) are vitally important for advances in materials science and engineering. However, in-depth examination of APBs has been hampered by the lack of experimental tools. Here, based on electron microscopy observations, we report the unusual relationship between APBs and ferromagnetic spin order in Fe70Al30. Thermally induced APBs show a finite width (2–3 nm), within which significant atomic disordering occurs. Electron holography studies revealed an unexpectedly large magnetic flux density at the APBs, amplified by approximately 60% (at 293 K) compared with the matrix value. At elevated temperatures, the specimens showed a peculiar spin texture wherein the ferromagnetic phase was confined within the APB region. These observations demonstrate ferromagnetism stabilized by structural disorder within APBs, which is in direct contrast to the traditional understanding. The results accordingly provide rich conceptual insights for engineering APB-induced phenomena. Atomic disordering in antiphase boundary regions is believed to deteriorate ferromagnetic spin order in many alloys and compounds. Here, using electron microscopy, Murakami et al. report the unusual relationship between thermal antiphase boundaries and ferromagnetic spin order in Fe70Al30.
Collapse
|
74
|
Kim KH, Kuh SU, Park JY, Lee SJ, Park HS, Chin DK, Kim KS, Cho YE. Association between BMP-2 and COL6A1 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine in Korean patients and family members. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2014; 13:2240-7. [PMID: 24737472 DOI: 10.4238/2014.march.31.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
COL6A1 and BMP-2 genes have been implicated in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) susceptibility in Japanese and Chinese Han populations. However, no study has yet investigated the DNA of unaffected family members of patients with OPLL. This study investigated differences in genetic polymorphisms of BMP-2 and COL6A1 between Korean patients with OPLL and their family members (with and without OPLL). A total of 321 subjects (110 patients with OPLL and 211 family members) were enrolled in the study. Associations between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the BMP-2 gene (Ser37Ala and Ser87Ser) and two SNPs of COL6A1 [promoter (-572) and intron 33 (+20)] with susceptibility to OPLL of the cervical spine were investigated between the two groups (OPLL+ and OPLL-). Of the 321 subjects, 162 had cervical OPLL (50.4%; 110 patients, 52 family members). There was a familial tendency of OPLL in 34 of the 110 families (30.9%). Allele and haplotype frequencies of the four SNPs in the BMP-2 and COL6A1 genes did not differ significantly between the OPLL+ and OPLL- groups, even when excluding participants over 50 years of age. This is the first report identifying SNPs of COL6A1 and BMP-2 in Korean patients and family members with OPLL. Although allele and haplotype frequencies were similar with those of a previous study in Japanese and Chinese patients, unaffected family members also showed similar rates of these SNPs in the present study. These results suggest that these SNPs may not directly influence the expression of OPLL.
Collapse
|
75
|
Nam S, Chang HR, Kim KT, Kook MC, Hong D, Kwon CH, Jung HR, Park HS, Powis G, Liang H, Park T, Kim YH. PATHOME: an algorithm for accurately detecting differentially expressed subpathways. Oncogene 2014; 33:4941-51. [PMID: 24681952 PMCID: PMC4182295 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The translation of high-throughput gene expression data into biologically meaningful information remains a bottleneck. We developed a novel computational algorithm, PATHOME, for detecting differentially expressed biological pathways. This algorithm employs straightforward statistical tests to evaluate the significance of differential expression patterns along subpathways. Applying it to gene expression data sets of gastric cancer (GC), we compared its performance with those of other leading programs. Based on a literature-driven reference set, PATHOME showed greater consistency in identifying known cancer-related pathways. For the WNT pathway uniquely identified by PATHOME, we validated its involvement in gastric carcinogenesis through experimental perturbation of both cell lines and animal models. We identified HNF4α-WNT5A regulation in the cross-talk between the AMPK metabolic pathway and the WNT signaling pathway, and further identified WNT5A as a potential therapeutic target for GC. We have demonstrated PATHOME to be a powerful tool, with improved sensitivity for identifying disease-related dysregulated pathways.
Collapse
|