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Saha SK, Choi HY, Kim BW, Dayem AA, Yang GM, Kim KS, Yin YF, Cho SG. KRT19 directly interacts with β-catenin/RAC1 complex to regulate NUMB-dependent NOTCH signaling pathway and breast cancer properties. Oncogene 2017; 36:332-349. [PMID: 27345400 PMCID: PMC5270332 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Studies have reported that interactions between keratins (KRTs) and other proteins initiate signaling cascades that regulate cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. In the current study, we found that expression of KRT19 was specifically high in breast cancers and significantly correlated with their invasiveness. Moreover, knockdown of KRT19 led to increased proliferation, migration, invasion, drug resistance, and sphere formation in breast cancer cells via an upregulated NOTCH signaling pathway. This was owing to reduced expression of NUMB, an inhibitory protein of the NOTCH signaling pathway. In addition, we found that KRT19 interacts with β-catenin/RAC1 complex and enhances the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Concordantly, knockdown of KRT19 suppressed the nuclear translocation of β-catenin as well as β-catenin-mediated NUMB expression. Furthermore, modulation of KRT19-mediated regulation of NUMB and NOTCH1 expression led to the repression of the cancer stem cell properties of breast cancer patient-derived CD133high/CXCR4high/ALDH1high cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs), which showed very low KRT19 and high NOTCH1 expression. Taken together, our study suggests a novel function for KRT19 in the regulation of nuclear import of the β-catenin/RAC1 complex, thus modulating the NUMB-dependent NOTCH signaling pathway in breast cancers and CSLCs, which might bear potential clinical implications for cancer or CSLC treatment.
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Shin HS, Choi DS, Baek HJ, Choi HC, Choi HY, Park MJ, Kim JE, Han JY, Park S. The oblique occipital sinus: anatomical study using bone subtraction 3D CT venography. Surg Radiol Anat 2016; 39:619-628. [DOI: 10.1007/s00276-016-1767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Choi HY, Choi S, Kim YH, Lim HS. Population Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling Analysis of GCC-4401C, a Novel Direct Factor Xa Inhibitor, in Healthy Volunteers. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 5:532-543. [PMID: 27511836 PMCID: PMC5080649 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
GCC‐4401C, an orally active direct factor Xa inhibitor that is similar to rivaroxaban, is currently under development for venous thromboembolic disease (VTE). The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PKs) and pharmacodynamics (PDs) of GCC‐4401C by population modeling analysis and to predict proper dosage regimens compared to rivaroxaban using data from two phase I clinical studies. Plasma GCC‐4401C concentrations over time were best described by a two‐compartment linear model and body weight was associated with central volume of distribution. Relevant PD markers generally changed in a dose‐dependent manner and were described well with sigmoid, simple maximum effect, or linear models. GCC‐4401C was absorbed more rapidly than rivaroxaban. Comparisons based on simulations of PD marker changes over time suggest that 20 mg and 40 mg of GCC‐4401C administered under fasted status are comparable to 10 mg and 20 mg of rivaroxaban under fed status.
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Kim SC, Lee KH, Choi HY, Noble J, Lee K, Jeon HJ. On-scene factors that predict severe injury of patients involved in frontal crashes of passenger cars. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2016; 43:663-670. [PMID: 27469515 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-016-0714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to determine on-scene factors that predict severe injury to the occupants of passenger cars involved in frontal crashes. METHODS From January 2011 to December 2014, we collected data from patients who were taken to two emergency centres following a frontal motor vehicle crash. Binomial logistic regression was used to model the effects of occupant characteristics (sex, age, body mass index), vehicle damage (according to the collision deformation classification code), and safety devices on severe injuries (injury severity score >15). RESULTS Of 344 subjects, 75 (21.8 %) had severe injuries. Sex, seat belt status, extent of vertical crash, intrusion, and deformation extent (DE) were significantly different between severe and non-severe injuries. After adjusting for confounders, non-use of seat belt tripled the odds of severe injury [odds ratio (OR) 2.7, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.461-5.105]. DE ≥4 and intrusion increased the risk of severe injury (OR 2.4, 95 % CI 1.120-5.204 and OR 5.2, 95 % CI 2.525-10.780, respectively). A combination model to predict severe injury using intrusion, seat belt use, and DE ≥4 demonstrated 56.0 % sensitivity, 88.9 % specificity, and 58.4 % positive predictive value (AUC = 0.781, 95 % CI 0.734-0.824). CONCLUSIONS For passenger cars involved in a frontal crash, intrusion, unbelted status, and DE ≥4 are good predictors of severe injury. Sequential criteria using vehicle DE, seat belt use, and intrusion can be used by first responders to triage patients involved in a frontal collision.
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Afzal MR, Oh MK, Choi HY, Yoon J. A novel balance training system using multimodal biofeedback. Biomed Eng Online 2016; 15:42. [PMID: 27103536 PMCID: PMC4840978 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-016-0160-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A biofeedback-based balance training system can be used to provide the compromised sensory information to subjects in order to retrain their sensorimotor function. In this study, the design and evaluation of the low-cost, intuitive biofeedback system developed at Gyeongsang National University is extended to provide multimodal biofeedback for balance training by utilization of visual and haptic modalities. Methods The system consists of a smartphone attached to the waist of the subject to provide information about tilt of the torso, a personal computer running a purpose built software to process the smartphone data and provide visual biofeedback to the subject by means of a dedicated monitor and a dedicated Phantom Omni® device for haptic biofeedback. For experimental verification of the system, eleven healthy young participants performed balance tasks assuming two distinct postures for 30 s each while acquiring torso tilt. The postures used were the one foot stance and the tandem Romberg stance. For both the postures, the subjects stood on a foam platform which provided a certain amount of ground instability. Results Post-experiment data analysis was performed using MATLAB® to analyze reduction in body sway. Analysis parameters based on the projection of trunk tilt information were calculated in order to ascertain the reduction in body sway and improvements in postural control. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no statistically significant interactions between postures and biofeedback. Post-hoc analysis revealed statistically significant reduction in body sway on provision of biofeedback. Subjects exhibited maximum body sway during no biofeedback trial, followed by either haptic or visual biofeedback and in most of the trials the multimodal biofeedback of visual and haptic together resulted in minimization of body sway, thus indicating that the multimodal biofeedback system worked well to provide significant (p < 0.05) assistance in postural control. Conclusions A multimodal biofeedback system can offer more customized training methods and hence provide therapists with a comprehensive solution for a diverse array of patients. It is necessary to identify the long-term effects of this novel biofeedback system. In the future, the balance training schemes for individuals with upright balance issues will be studied.
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Lee G, Choi HY, Yang SJ. [Effects of Dietary and Physical Activity Interventions on Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-analysis]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2016; 45:483-94. [PMID: 26364523 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.4.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study identified effects of dietary and physical activity interventions including dietary interventions or physical activity interventions alone or combined dietary-physical activity interventions to improve symptoms in metabolic syndrome including abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low high density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting glucose through meta-analysis. METHODS Articles on metabolic syndrome X published from 1988 to 2013 were searched through electronic databases, Google Scholar, and reference reviews. Methodological quality was assessed by the checklist, SIGN (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network). RESULTS In the meta-analysis, there were 9 articles reporting 13 interventions with 736 participants. Using random effect models, the dietary and/or physical activity interventions showed a lower mean difference in waist circumference (-1.30 cm, 95% CI:-2.44~-0.15, p=.027). The combined dietary-physical activity interventions showed a lower mean difference in waist circumference (-2.77 cm, 95% CI:-4.77~-0.76, p=.007) and systolic blood pressure (-5.44 mmHg, 95% CI:-10.76~-0.12, p=.044). Additionally, interventions of over 24 weeks yielded a lower mean difference in waist circumference (-2.78 cm, 95% CI:-4.69~-0.87, p=.004) and diastolic blood pressure (-1.93 mmHg, 95% CI:-3.63~-0.22, p=.026). CONCLUSION The findings indicate that dietary and/or physical activity interventions for metabolic syndrome reduce central obesity with no adverse effects. This finding provides objective evidences for dietary and physical activity management on metabolic syndrome as an efficient intervention.
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Oh JE, Lee HJ, Choi YW, Choi HY, Byun JY. Metal allergy in eyelid dermatitis and the evaluation of metal contents in eye shadows. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:1518-21. [PMID: 27004926 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis is a common diagnosis in eyelid dermatitis. Sensitization to metals is prevalent in eyelid dermatitis and colour cosmetic products are frequently suspected as the source of metal exposure. OBJECTIVE To investigate the contact allergens for eyelid dermatitis and to assess metal contents in eye shadow products. METHODS Data were collected in the department of dermatology of Ewha Womans University hospital from December 1998 to February 2014. A total of 983 patients were patch tested during the period and 67 patients had eyelid dermatitis among them. To examine metal elements in colour cosmetic products for eyes, randomly selected 10 eye shadows were analysed. RESULTS Frequent allergens were metals, thiomersal and phenylenediamine in patients with eyelid dermatitis. The sensitization rates of individual allergens were not significantly different between patients with eyelid dermatitis and without eyelid dermatitis. All 10 eye shadow products contained more than 5 ppm of at least one element, nickel, cobalt or chromium. CONCLUSION Metals were top-rank allergens in patients with eyelid dermatitis as in the remaining patients patch tested. The eye shadow products contained significant amount of nickel, cobalt or chromium to elicit allergic reactions.
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Shin HS, Jung Park M, Nyeo Jeon K, Min Cho J, Soo Bae K, Seob Choi D, Boem Na J, Cheol Choi H, Young Choi H, Eun Kim J, Bueum Cho S, Eun Park S. Lower Extremity Arterial Calcification as a Predictor of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY 2016; 13:e33179. [PMID: 27703657 PMCID: PMC5037928 DOI: 10.5812/iranjradiol.33179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Until now, there has been no study on the relationship between the calcification of the lower extremity arteries and significant coronary arterial disease (CAD). Objectives To evaluate whether lower extremity calcium scores (LECS) are associated with CAD and whether this can predict multivessel-CAD in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Patients and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 103 PAD patients without cardiac symptoms or known CAD. All patients underwent cardiac computed tomography (CT) and lower extremity CT within 1 month and were categorized as nonsignificant CAD, single-CAD, or multivessel-CAD. The coronary calcium scores (CCS) were quantitatively measured according to the Agatston method and LECS were semi-quantitatively measured according to the presence of lower extremity calcification in the segment. The extent of CAD was evaluated according to the presence of ≥ 50% luminal diameter stenosis in the segment of CAD. Results LECS in multivessel-CAD were significantly higher than those in nonsignificant CAD (10.0 ± 5.8 versus 4.0 ± 3.1, P < 0.001). LECS significantly correlated with CCS (r = 0.831, P < 0.001) and the extent of CAD (r = 0.631, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated LECS and log-transformed CCS were independent predictors for multivessel-CAD. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the diagnostic performance of LECS was 0.807 (95% confidence interval = 0.724-0.891, P < 0.001) for predicting multivessel-CAD. Conclusion Peripheral arterial calcification is significantly correlated with CAD extent in patients with PAD. Peripheral arterial calcification can be a useful marker for predicting multivessel-CAD.
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Kim KA, Ki M, Choi HY, Kim BH, Jang ES, Jeong SH. Population-based epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in South Korea. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 43:154-62. [PMID: 26526639 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a rare disease, only a few population-based epidemiology studies of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have been reported. AIMS To elucidate the nationwide prevalence, incidence, complications, fatality and direct medical costs of PBC in South Korea. METHODS The nationwide Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims data and Rare Intractable Disease registration data on PBC, identified with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 10 code of K74.3, were obtained from 2009 to 2013. Age- and gender-specific prevalence and incidence rates of PBC were calculated, and data on complications, comorbidities, prescribed drugs, therapeutic procedures and direct medical costs were analysed. RESULTS A total of 2824 patients over 20 years old with PBC were identified in 2009-2013 (female-to-male ratio 6.2, median age 57 years old). The average age- and sex-adjusted incidence from 2011 to 2013 was 8.57 per million per year, and the average age- and sex-adjusted prevalence from 2009 to 2013 was 47.50 per million population. About 10% of patients presented with complications such as ascites (10.3%), variceal bleeding (5.8%) and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1.3%). Liver transplantation was undertaken in 71 patients (2.5%) for 5 years. Case fatality was 2.2% and the transplantation-free survival was 95.4% for 5 years. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report on the nationwide epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in South Korea, demonstrating lower incidence and prevalence rates than those of Western countries, but a considerable disease burden, representing at least 10% were complicated with decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma requiring liver transplantation.
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Choi HY, Park N, Na JB, Ko ES, Park JY, Yoo JC. Direct binding of Copine3 with Jab1 activates downstream ErbB2 signaling and motility in SKBr3 breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2015; 35:1147-52. [PMID: 26719032 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Copine3, a known calcium-dependent membrane binding protein, contains two tandem C2 domains and an A domain. This protein has been shown to interact with receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ErbB2), but little is known concerning the physiological function of Copine3. To better understand its cellular function, we carried out a yeast two-hybrid screen to find Copine3 binding partners. Among the identified proteins, Jun activation domain-binding protein 1 (Jab1) appears to directly interact with Copine3. This physical interaction between Copine3 and Jab1 as well as the specific binding regions of both proteins were confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Our results also demonstrate that binding of Copine3 to ErbB2 is increased when Jab1 is overexpressed in SKBr3 breast cancer cells. Furthermore, two ErbB2 downstream signaling proteins [phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3) kinase and protein kinase B (AKT)] were also activated by Jab1 overexpression in these cells. These data suggest that binding of Copine3 and Jab1 regulates, at least to some extent, the ErbB2 signaling pathway. Moreover, overexpression of both Copine3 and Jab1 in SKBr3 cells effectively increased cellular migration. Collectively, our findings indicating that Jab1 enhances the ErbB2 binding ability of Copine3, further activating the ErbB2 signaling pathways involved in breast cancer cell pathogenesis.
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Kim W, Choi HY, Jang YS, Kang GH. Comparison of efficiency between i-gel blind intubation and i-gel-assisted bronchoscopic intubation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation: randomized simulation study. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796589 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Choi HY, Kim WJ. Effect of thermal treatment on the bio-corrosion and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 51:291-301. [PMID: 26275491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kim MK, Moon JY, Choi HY, Oh SH, Lee N, Choi YJ. Investigation of the magnetic properties in double perovskite R2CoMnO6 single crystals (R = rare earth: La to Lu). JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:426002. [PMID: 26442994 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/42/426002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We have successfully synthesized the series of the double-perovskite R2CoMnO6 (R = rare earth: La to Lu) single crystals and have investigated their magnetic properties. The ferromagnetic order of Co(2+)/Mn(4+) spins emerges mainly along the c axis. Upon decreasing the size of rare earth ion, the magnetic transition temperature decreases linearly from 204 K for La2CoMnO6 to 48 K for Lu2CoMnO6, along with the enhancement of monoclinic distortion. The temperature and magnetic-field dependences of magnetization reveal the various magnetic characteristics such as the metamagnetic transition in R = Eu, the isotropic nature of rare earth moment in R = Gd, and the reversal of magnetic anisotropy in R = Tb and Dy. Our results offer comprehensive information for understanding the roles of mixed-valent magnetic ions and rare earth magnetic moments on the magnetic properties.
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Choi HY, Kim SM, Jang M, Yun BL, Ahn HS, Park SY, Kim SW, Kang EY. Nodular Fasciitis of the Breast: A Case and Literature Review. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2015; 36:290-291. [PMID: 24854130 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1366340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nodular fasciitis is a benign fibroblastic proliferation in soft tissue that is most commonly found in the upper extremities, trunk, head, and neck region. Its occurrence in the breast has been rarely reported. The most characteristic features are the sudden appearance and rapid growth of a palpable lesion. Nodular fasciitis can clinically, radiologically, and histopathologically mimic a breast carcinoma. We present a case of nodular fasciitis of the breast and a review of the relevant literature.
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Woo JY, Suhng EA, Choi YW, Choi HY, Byun JY. Cystic sebaceous tumour with no evidence of Muir-Torre syndrome. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:1038-9. [PMID: 25753622 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Kim KI, Lee KH, Kim TR, Chun YS, Lee TH, Choi HY, Park HK. Changing patterns of microcalcification on screening mammography for prediction of breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2015; 23:471-8. [PMID: 25651818 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-015-0589-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of microcalcification on mammography is one of the earliest signs in breast cancer detection. However, it is difficult to distinguish malignant calcifications from benign calcifications. The aim of this study is to evaluate correlation between changing patterns of microcalcification on screening mammography and malignant breast lesions. METHODS Medical records and diagnostic images of 67 women who had previously undergone at least two digital mammograms at least 6 months apart and underwent mammography-guided needle localization and surgical excision between 2011 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. RESULTS Breast cancer was detected in the surgical specimens of 20 patients (29.9 %). Annual change of extent of microcalcification on mammography showed statistically significant correlation with pathologic outcome (P = 0.023). The changing pattern of new appearance or increased extent of microcalcification on mammography had positive predictive value of 54.8 % for breast cancer, and it was a statistically significant predictor for breast cancer (P = 0.012). Shape or number change of microcalcification without increased extent had less accurate predictive value for breast cancer, particularly in women younger than 50 years (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study showed that the pattern of increased extent of microcalcification on screening mammography was a significant predictor for breast cancer. We suggest that mammography-guided needle localization and surgical excision should be considered when increased extent of microcalcification is observed on screening mammography and closed follow-up without pathologic confirmation can be permitted if absence of extension of microcalcification was confirmed in women younger than 50 years.
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Park N, Yoo JC, Lee YS, Choi HY, Hong SG, Hwang EM, Park JY. Copine1 C2 domains have a critical calcium-independent role in the neuronal differentiation of hippocampal progenitor HiB5 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:228-33. [PMID: 25450385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Copine1 (CPNE1) has tandem C2 domains and an A domain and is known as a calcium-dependent membrane-binding protein that regulates signal transduction and membrane trafficking. We previously demonstrated that CPNE1 directly induces neuronal differentiation via Akt phosphorylation in the hippocampal progenitor cell line, HiB5. To determine which region of CPNE1 is related to HiB5 cell neurite outgrowth, we constructed several mutants. Our results show that over-expression of each C2 domain of CPNE1 increased neurite outgrowth and expression of the neuronal marker protein neurofilament (NF). Even though protein localization of the calcium binding-deficient mutant of CPNE1 was not affected by ionomycin, this mutant increased neurite outgrowth and NF expression in HiB5 cells. Furthermore, Akt phosphorylation was increased by over-expression of the calcium binding-deficient CPNE1 mutant. These results suggest that neither cellular calcium levels nor the localization of CPNE1 affect its function in neuronal differentiation. Collectively, our findings indicating that the C2 domains of CPNE1 play a calcium-independent role in regulating the neuronal differentiation of HiB5 cells.
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Park MJ, Cho JM, Jeon KN, Bae KS, Kim HC, Choi DS, Na JB, Choi HC, Choi HY, Kim JE, Shin HS. Mass and fat infiltration of intercostal muscles measured by CT histogram analysis and their correlations with COPD severity. Acad Radiol 2014; 21:711-7. [PMID: 24809313 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2014.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive respiratory function impairment and respiratory muscle dysfunction. We hypothesized that the mass and fat infiltration of respiratory muscles correlates with COPD severity and emphysema extent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-eight male patients with COPD underwent chest computed tomography (CT) and spirometry. The mass and fat infiltrations of intercostal and latissimus muscles were quantified as the cross-sectional area (CSA) and attenuation of these muscles using CT histogram analysis. Intercostal index and latissimus index were defined as intercostal CSAs and latissimus CSAs divided by body mass index. The emphysema extent was measured as the ratio of the emphysematous lung volume to the total lung volume using a density-mask technique. Pearson correlation analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between these parameters. Multiple regression analysis was performed using forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) as the dependent parameter and the clinical and CT data as the independent parameters. RESULTS FEV1 was significantly correlated with intercostal index (r = 0.57), latissimus index (r = 0.34), intercostal attenuation (r = 0.62), and latissimus attenuation (r = 0.38). Emphysema extent was significantly correlated with intercostal index (r = -0.36) and intercostal attenuation (r = -0.50). Multiple regression analysis showed that FEV1 was predicted by intercostal attenuation (B = 0.40), intercostal CSA (B = 0.23), emphysema extent (B = -0.23), and age (B = -0.21, R(2) = 0.64, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A decrease in intercostal mass and an increase in intercostal fat are associated with worsening of COPD severity.
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Ahn HS, Kim SM, Jang M, Yun BL, Kim B, Ko ES, Han BK, Chang JM, Yi A, Cho N, Moon WK, Choi HY. A new full-field digital mammography system with and without the use of an advanced post-processing algorithm: comparison of image quality and diagnostic performance. Korean J Radiol 2014; 15:305-12. [PMID: 24843234 PMCID: PMC4023048 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2014.15.3.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare new full-field digital mammography (FFDM) with and without use of an advanced post-processing algorithm to improve image quality, lesion detection, diagnostic performance, and priority rank. Materials and Methods During a 22-month period, we prospectively enrolled 100 cases of specimen FFDM mammography (Brestige®), which was performed alone or in combination with a post-processing algorithm developed by the manufacturer: group A (SMA), specimen mammography without application of "Mammogram enhancement ver. 2.0"; group B (SMB), specimen mammography with application of "Mammogram enhancement ver. 2.0". Two sets of specimen mammographies were randomly reviewed by five experienced radiologists. Image quality, lesion detection, diagnostic performance, and priority rank with regard to image preference were evaluated. Results Three aspects of image quality (overall quality, contrast, and noise) of the SMB were significantly superior to those of SMA (p < 0.05). SMB was significantly superior to SMA for visualizing calcifications (p < 0.05). Diagnostic performance, as evaluated by cancer score, was similar between SMA and SMB. SMB was preferred to SMA by four of the five reviewers. Conclusion The post-processing algorithm may improve image quality with better image preference in FFDM than without use of the software.
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Lee SH, Chang JM, Cho N, Koo HR, Yi A, Kim SJ, Youk JH, Son EJ, Choi SH, Kook SH, Chung J, Cha ES, Park JS, Jung HK, Ko KH, Choi HY, Ryu EB, Moon WK. Practice guideline for the performance of breast ultrasound elastography. Ultrasonography 2014; 33:3-10. [PMID: 24936489 PMCID: PMC4058975 DOI: 10.14366/usg.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound (US) elastography is a valuable imaging technique for tissue characterization. Two main types of elastography, strain and shear-wave, are commonly used to image breast tissue. The use of elastography is expected to increase, particularly with the increased use of US for breast screening. Recently, the US elastographic features of breast masses have been incorporated into the 2nd edition of the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) US lexicon as associated findings. This review suggests practical guidelines for breast US elastography in consensus with the Korean Breast Elastography Study Group, which was formed in August 2013 to perform a multicenter prospective study on the use of elastography for US breast screening. This article is focused on the role of elastography in combination with B-mode US for the evaluation of breast masses. Practical tips for adequate data acquisition and the interpretation of elastography results are also presented.
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Ahn HS, Kim SM, Jang M, La Yun B, Kim SW, Kang E, Park SY, Moon WK, Choi HY. Comparison of sonography with sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy for initial axillary staging of breast cancer. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2013; 32:2177-2184. [PMID: 24277901 DOI: 10.7863/ultra.32.12.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the roles of sonography and sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy for initial axillary staging of breast cancer. METHODS Of 220 patients with breast cancer who underwent preoperative or prechemotherapy sonography for axillary staging, 52 patients who underwent sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy for cortical thickening or a compressed hilum of lymph nodes on sonography were prospectively enrolled. Sonography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy/core-needle biopsy findings were compared with final pathologic results from sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection. RESULTS Forty-eight patients met the final study criteria; we excluded 4 who had received primary systemic chemotherapy and showed negative fine-needle aspiration biopsy/core-needle biopsy results and negative final postoperative pathologic results. The positive predictive value of axillary sonography was 54%. The sensitivity and specificity of fine-needle aspiration biopsy were 73% and 100%, respectively, and those of core-needle biopsy were 77% and 100%. Results did not differ significantly between sonographically guided core-needle biopsy and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The complication rates of fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy were both 4%, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy cost $180 and $350, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both sonographically guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy and core-needle biopsy were useful for axillary staging of breast cancer with high sensitivity. However, fine-needle aspiration biopsy is recommended based on the advantages of low cost and minimal invasiveness.
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Yoo HJ, Hwang SY, Cho GJ, Hong HC, Choi HY, Hwang TG, Kim SM, Blüher M, Youn BS, Baik SH, Choi KM. Association of glypican-4 with body fat distribution, insulin resistance, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:2897-901. [PMID: 23633195 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Glypican-4 was identified as a novel adipokine capable of enhancing insulin signaling and modulating adipocyte differentiation. We investigated associations between glypican-4 and body composition, insulin resistance, arterial stiffness, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in nondiabetic Asian subjects. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS We analyzed baseline cross-sectional data from the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study, an ongoing prospective cohort study. NAFLD was diagnosed by unenhanced computed tomography using the liver attenuation index. We also examined the effects of a 3-month combined aerobic and resistance exercise program on glypican-4 levels and cardiometabolic risk factors. RESULTS Circulating glypican-4 levels were higher in men than in women (1.83 [1.19, 2.78] ng/mL vs 1.17 [0.66, 2.00] ng/mL, P < .001) and had a significant positive relationship with the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (r = 0.20, P = .014) and the ratio of visceral to sc fat area (r = 0.30, P < .001). Furthermore, glypican-4 levels in women were correlated with cardiometabolic risk factors, including insulin resistance and arterial stiffness, and were independently associated with NAFLD by multiple logistic regression analysis (P = .017, R² = 0.33). The 3-month combined exercise training program significantly improved several cardiometabolic parameters and reduced retinol binding protein-4 levels. Changes in glypican-4 levels after the exercise program were significantly different between subjects with an increased WHR compared with those with a decreased WHR (P = .034). CONCLUSION A gender-based difference in circulating glypican-4 levels was apparent as these were increased in women with NAFLD and related to body fat distribution, insulin resistance, and arterial stiffness.
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Park HJ, Choi YW, Kim SH, Shin MS, Lee SW, Oh MK, Choi HY. Change in cytokines in patients with warts after contact immunotherapy with squaric acid dibutylester. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:775-81. [PMID: 23611147 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A wart is a skin lesion caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Contact immunotherapy is one of the many therapeutic options that have been used to treat warts; however, the effectiveness of contact immunotherapy differs from patient to patient, and the cause of this variation in clinical response is unclear. AIM To assess cytokine changes in patients after contact immunotherapy with squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE). METHODS In total, 21 patients with warts and 9 healthy control subjects were enrolled in the study. The frequencies of CD3+ T cells expressing interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ were measured by flow cytometry analysis of peripheral blood at baseline in both patients and controls, and after SADBE treatment in patients. RESULTS Lower expression of IL-4 and higher expression of IL-12 in CD3+ T cells were found in patients compared with controls. The percentage of CD3+/IL-4+ T cells significantly increased after contact immunotherapy in all responders, but was significantly higher in those with an excellent response, who also had a significantly higher percentage of CD3+/IL-10+ T cells. The patients with an excellent response also had a significant decrease in the percentage of CD3+/IL-12+ T cells, and the percentage of CD3+/IL-4+ T cells normalized. CONCLUSIONS Response to contact immunotherapy can vary depending on the types of cytokine changes produced by treatment. An excessive shift to a Th2 pattern and increased IL-10 production after contact immunotherapy may hinder clearance of HPV.
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Ahn HS, Kim SM, Yun BL, Kim MS, Jang M, Park SY, Kim SW, Kang E, Choi HY. The unusual ultrasound features of a breast cholesterol granuloma manifesting as an intracystic mass: case report and literature review. Korean J Radiol 2013; 14:179-82. [PMID: 23482884 PMCID: PMC3590328 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2013.14.2.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol granuloma of the breast is a rare, benign disease. Here, we present the unique ultrasonographic findings of breast cholesterol granuloma manifesting as an intracystic mass. The findings of this case report may help expand existing knowledge regarding differential diagnosis of intracystic breast masses, which are found on ultrasonographic examination.
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Choi HY, Kim SM, Jang M, Yun BL, Kim SW, Kang E, Park SY, Moon WK, Ko ES. MRI-guided intervention for breast lesions using the freehand technique in a 3.0-T closed-bore MRI scanner: feasibility and initial results. Korean J Radiol 2013; 14:171-8. [PMID: 23482868 PMCID: PMC3590327 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2013.14.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To report the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided intervention for diagnosing suspicious breast lesions detectable by MRI only, using the freehand technique with a 3.0-T closed-bore MRI scanner. Materials and Methods Five women with 5 consecutive MRI-only breast lesions underwent MRI-guided intervention: 3 underwent MRI-guided needle localization and 2, MRI-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy. The interventions were performed in a 3.0-T closed-bore MRI system using a dedicated phased-array breast coil with the patients in the prone position; the freehand technique was used. Technical success and histopathologic outcome were analyzed. Results MRI showed that four lesions were masses (mean size, 11.5 mm; range, 7-18 mm); and 1, a nonmass-like enhancement (maximum diameter, 21 mm). The locations of the lesions with respect to the breast with index cancer were as follows: different quadrant, same breast - 3 cases; same quadrant, same breast - 1 case; and contralateral breast - 1 case. Histopathologic evaluation of the lesions treated with needle localization disclosed perilobular hemangioma, fibrocystic change, and fibroadenomatous change. The lesions treated with vacuum-assisted biopsy demonstrated a radial scar and atypical apocrine hyperplasia. Follow-up MRI after 2-7 months (mean, 4.6 months) confirmed complete lesion removal in all cases. Conclusion MRI-guided intervention for breast lesions using the freehand technique with a 3.0-T closed-bore MRI scanner is feasible and accurate for diagnosing MRI-only lesions.
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