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Manjula P, Fulton JE, Seo D, Lee JH. Comparison of major histocompatibility complex-B variability in Sri Lankan indigenous chickens with five global chicken populations using MHC-B SNP panel. Anim Genet 2021; 52:824-833. [PMID: 34523150 DOI: 10.1111/age.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-B haplotypes diversity of Sri Lankan indigenous chickens from three different geographical sites consisting of highly mixed populations using 90 SNPs in the MHC-B region. A total of 48 haplotypes were identified. Those included 37 novel haplotypes and 11 previously identified 'standard' haplotypes. The MHC-linked marker, LEI0258, had 23 alleles showing less diversity than defined by MHC-B SNP haplotypes. Among those identified haplotypes, five standard haplotypes-BSNP-O02, BSNP-M01, BSNP-A04, BSNP-K03, BSNP-T04-were most commonly observed, suggesting past introgression of imported breeds. Comparison of the MHC-B haplotypes of Sri Lankan and four other global populations with previously defined haplotypes indicated the sharing of 23 standard haplotypes with common origins. Novel haplotypes are population-specific and not shared among the geographical boundaries. Backyard indigenous chickens are unselected, highly crossbred, and generally thrive under dynamic environmental conditions. Hence free-range production systems may be responsible for maintaining high diversity in the MHC-B region with novel haplotypes.
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He X, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Observation of D_{s}^{±}/D^{0} Enhancement in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:092301. [PMID: 34506181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of charm-strange meson D_{s}^{±} production at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV from the STAR experiment. The yield ratio between strange (D_{s}^{±}) and nonstrange (D^{0}) open-charm mesons is presented and compared to model calculations. A significant enhancement, relative to a pythia simulation of p+p collisions, is observed in the D_{s}^{±}/D^{0} yield ratio in Au+Au collisions over a large range of collision centralities. Model calculations incorporating abundant strange-quark production in the quark-gluon plasma and coalescence hadronization qualitatively reproduce the data. The transverse-momentum integrated yield ratio of D_{s}^{±}/D^{0} at midrapidity is consistent with a prediction from a statistical hadronization model with the parameters constrained by the yields of light and strange hadrons measured at the same collision energy. These results suggest that the coalescence of charm quarks with strange quarks in the quark-gluon plasma plays an important role in D_{s}^{±}-meson production in heavy-ion collisions.
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Kim MJ, Hosseindoust A, Kim KY, Moturi J, Lee JH, Kim TG, Mun JY, Chae BJ. Improving the bioavailability of manganese and meat quality of broilers by using hot-melt extrusion nano method. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:211-217. [PMID: 34309442 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1955332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. Mineral excretion is an issue in the poultry industry. The use of micro minerals in nano form can increase bioavailability and decrease excretion rate. However, information concerning the bioavailability of nano manganese (Mn) in broiler chicks is limited.2. This experiment studied the influences of hot-melt extrusion (HME)-processed manganese sulphate on body weight gain, Mn bioavailability, nutrient digestibility and meat quality in broiler chicks fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet as a starter and grower phase. A total of 700 birds (Ross 308, 1-day-old) were randomly placed in 35 cages (20 birds per cage). The broiler chicks were fed one of seven experimental diets, which consisted of a control (without supplemental Mn), different levels of MnSO4 (IN-Mn60; 60, 120, and 200 mg/kg), or HME MnSO4 (HME-Mn; 60, 120, and 200 mg/kg).3. There was an increased serum Mn content in broilers fed diet supplemented with HME-Mn. In the grower phase, increased dietary Mn levels elevated the concentrations in the serum, liver, and tibia. There were increases in the excreta Mn content of broilers fed increasing levels. The supplementation of HME-Mn showed a lower percentage of abdominal fat compared with the IN-Mn treatment diets. Supplementation with HME-Mn decreased intramuscular fat compared with the diets supplemented with IN-Mn. The supplementation of HME-Mn decreased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) at d 6 of age. The HME-Mn source showed a greater decrease in TBARS compared with the IN-Mn treatment.4. In conclusion, HME processing increased bioavailability and could be used as an environmentally friendly method to facilitate lower levels of Mn in the diet of broiler chickens.
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Cho MJ, Kim YJ, Kim MJ, Kim YS, Park E, Choi KH, Kang JY, Kim HO, Koong MK, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Ko JJ, Lee JH. P–205 Epothilone D as an actin cytoskeleton stabilizer improved mitochondria bioenergenesis and blastocyst formation of mouse preimplantation embryo. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
What is primary factor of bioenergetics product activity between microtubule instability and the functional activity of mitochondria in embryo?
Summary answer
The actin cytoskeleton instability is presumably the primary cause for the bioenergenesis of mitochondrial function to the preimplantation embryo development.
What is known already
Mitochondria are cellular organelles dynamically moving and morphological changes. It provides for homeostatic energy to the cell. The dynamic property of the mitochondria is associated with the microtubule network in the cell. However, the stability of the microtubule was clearly identified for preimplantation embryo development.
Study design, size, duration
This study is designed to assess the ATP productivity of the mitochondria, and specifically to observe what its primary factor is in terms of providing microtubule stability in mammalian cells. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between blastocyst formation and actin cytoskeleton stabilization by EpD with 2-cell mice.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We prepared the microtubule stability regulation model with the HEK293 cell line by using the microtubule stabilizer as an Epothilone D (EpD). Then we analyzed the metabolic activity of the cells through oxidative phosphorylation (OXP) ratios analysis. Also, we performed confocal live imaging to observe mitochondria morphology depending on the cells’ microtubule. Next, we treated EpD to 2-cell culture media for the analysis of blastocyst development ratios.
Main results and the role of chance
EpD significantly increased fusion form. Also, EpD enhance bioenergy ratios like OXP in the mitochondria and functional activity related marker, like mTOR compared with the control. These results suggest that microtubule stabilization enhances mitochondrial metabolism by increasing oxygen consumption. Also, EpD in 2-cell culture media led to a significant increase in the speed of development and 50% higher hatched out blastocyst formation ratios compared to the control group.
Limitations, reasons for caution
This study had limited animal experiments. For the next study, we are planning with an aim to improve the quality and development ratios of human embryos by EpD.
Wider implications of the findings: Microtubule stabilizer has a possibility to recover the mitochondria’s functional activity in the preimplantation embryo development. Mitochondrial functional activity along the actin cytoskeleton may play a pivotal role in determining the embryo quality and development ratios for archive pregnancy.
Trial registration number
non-clinical trials
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Park EA, Kang KY, Lee JH, Lee JY, Kim HS, Choi HS, Song GY, Moon EH, Shiin MY, Hur YJ, Yu EJ, Kim R, Koong MK, Lee KA, Kim MJ. P–153 Comparison outcome of vitrified human embryos stored in vapor phase liquid nitrogen (LN2) and direct LN2. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is vapor cryopreserved LN2 storage beneficial for clinical outcomes of vitrified human embryos that are frozen compared to vitrified human embryos having direct contact with LN2.
Summary answer
There are no significant differences compared to clinical outcomes of human embryos stored in LN2 vapor and direct store in LN2.
What is known already
There has been concerned about potential cross-contamination and biohazard issues of embryos for long term storage using direct LN2. This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes of human embryos transfer between vapor phase and liquid LN2.
Study design, size, duration
The embryo has undergone vitrification for long term storage with vapor or direct contact in LN2. After the thawing of the embryo, we checked on the survival rates. We transferred only one or two embryos per patient and kept analyzing the implantation and pregnancy rates
Participants/materials, setting, methods
This retrospective study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2019 with 3272cycles 4713embryos; vitrified for long term storage in vapor phase or direct contact with LN2. We compared the clinical outcomes of frozen embryo transfer cycles using vitrified for long term storage in vapor phase and direct contact with LN2. Clinical outcomes monitored were embryo survival, subsequent implantation and pregnancy after single or double embryo transfer
Main results and the role of chance
A total of 4713 fertilized human embryos are vitrified and then stored in LN2 vapor (n = 2520 cycles) or direct contact LN2 (n = 752 cycles). The study showed that the blastocyst stored in vapor able to retain full development. Survival was 97.8% (vapor) and 97.6% (direct contact LN2), and the vapor storage of human embryos had no significant difference in survival rates after a long term storage. For single blastocyst transfer, pregnancy and implantation rates were 51.5%, 52.4% in vapor, 54.6%, 54.9% in direct LN2; respectively (p=NS). In double blastocyst transfer, the pregnancy and implantation rates were 61.8%, 42.0% in vapor and 64.7%, 44.5% in direct LN2; respectively (p=NS). There were also no significant differences between two groups.
Limitations, reasons for caution
The study showed that the blastocyst stored in vapor can retain full development. A vapor storage system thus is safe and effective for long term vapor storage of vitrified human embryos.Within the limits of this study, there was no detection of an adverse effect of vapor storage.
Wider implications of the findings: Vapor storage systems thus represent a useful alternative for safe and effective long-term storage of vitrified human embryos that can avoid cross contamination chances from having direct contact with LN2.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Choi KH, Kim YJ, Kang KY, Park EA, Kim YS, Kim MJ, Kim HO, Koong MK, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Ko JJ, Lee JH. P–657 Prostaglandin D2 is correlated with follicles development and a reliable marker of ovarian reserve of poor ovarian responder patients. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Is the prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) associated with growing follicles and ovarian reserve of poor ovarian responders?
Summary answer
PGD2 is correlated with ovarian stimulation activity and follicle growth. Especially, poor ovarian responders show a significant decrease in the level of follicular fluid.
What is known already
Prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in the female reproductive process, mainly ovulation, fertilization, and implantation.
Study design, size, duration
We investigated the PGD2 level in the follicular fluid of poor ovarian responders. The collection of human follicular fluid was approved by the Institutional Research and Ethical Committees of CHA University (approval number: 1044308–201611-BR–027–04) from January to December 2019. Follicular fluid was collected from patients with normal ovarian response and patients with POR.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We studied whether prostaglandin has related to POR in the clinical key factor by measuring human follicular fluid. Follicular fluid was collected from patients with normal ovarian response and patients with POR. The concentration of PGD2 in follicular fluid was determined with ELISA kits following the manufacturer’s protocol.
Main results and the role of chance
We analyzed the level of PGD2 in the follicular fluid of patients with normal ovarian response and patients with POR using an ELISA. The PGD2 concentration was significantly lower in the follicular fluid of patients with POR than in the follicular fluid of young and old patients with normal ovarian response.
Limitations, reasons for caution
This study has an identification of biomarker of the clinical samples as POR criteria patients. Therefore, further investigations aimed at specific recovery of low PGD2 metabolic activity in the CCs during control ovarian stimulation.
Wider implications of the findings: Until now there is no specific biomarker of POR. AMH is just an ovary reserve marker for an indication of ovary function. PGD2 is one of the metabolites in steroid metabolism in the ovary. Therefore, we can find some cure through further study for improved PGD2 production to POR patients.
Trial registration number
none
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Kim YJ, Choi KH, Kang KY, Park EA, Kim YS, Kim MJ, Kim HO, Koong MK, Kim YS, Yoon TK, Ko JJ, Lee JH. P–658 Lovastatin promotes the expression of LDL receptor and enhances E2 production in the cumulus cells. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Lovastatin enhanced E2 productive ratios in the cumulus cells through promoted expression of Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR).
Summary answer
Lovastatin up-regulated gene expression of LDLR in the CCs. And the high expression of LDLR promoted E2 productive ratios from CCs.
What is known already
We already reported that the up-regulation of LDLR correlated with clinical pregnancy. Therefore, we found lovastatin as an up-regulator of LDLR expression of clinical pregnancy.
Study design, size, duration
This is an expended study of LDLR to enhance steroidogenesis regarding the effect of lovastatin in the CCs. The collection of human cumulus cells was approved by the Institutional Research and Ethical Committees of CHA University (approval number: 1044308–201611-BR–027–04) from January to December 2019. The CCs were collected from 12 patients with normal ovarian response after oocyte denudation for ICSI.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
We studied whether lovastatin has up-regulated LDLR expression in human CCs. Cumulus cells were collected from patients with young (∼ 36) and old aged patients (37 ∼). After culturing human CCs, they were treated lovastatin for one day. The concentration of E2 in culture medium was measured using Chemiluminescence immunoassay. The mRNA isolated from CCs was analyzed gene expression level through real time-PCR.
Main results and the role of chance
The concentration of E2 was significantly increased in the culture medium treated with lovastatin. The CCs treated with lovastatin increased the expression of LDLR and StAR which are components of the steroidogenesis pathway.
Limitations, reasons for caution
We have found that the role of lovastatin promotes the E2 production by increasing the ldlr gene of CCs. Therefore, further investigations aimed at lovastatin effect on human oocytes embryo whether enhanced quality of oocytes or not.
Wider implications of the findings: Previous data show that high activation of LDLR and StAR was associated with embryo quality and clinical pregnancy in infertile women. Our data suggest that lovastatin is stimulated LDLR expression to enhanced pregnancy ratios of IVF patients.
Trial registration number
none
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Grosnick D, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harris JW, He S, He W, He X, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kisiel A, Klein SR, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurement of e^{+}e^{-} Momentum and Angular Distributions from Linearly Polarized Photon Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:052302. [PMID: 34397228 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.052302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Breit-Wheeler process which produces matter and antimatter from photon collisions is experimentally investigated through the observation of 6085 exclusive electron-positron pairs in ultraperipheral Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The measurements reveal a large fourth-order angular modulation of cos4Δϕ=(16.8±2.5)% and smooth invariant mass distribution absent of vector mesons (ϕ, ω, and ρ) at the experimental limit of ≤0.2% of the observed yields. The differential cross section as a function of e^{+}e^{-} pair transverse momentum P_{⊥} peaks at low value with sqrt[⟨P_{⊥}^{2}⟩]=38.1±0.9 MeV and displays a significant centrality dependence. These features are consistent with QED calculations for the collision of linearly polarized photons quantized from the extremely strong electromagnetic fields generated by the highly charged Au nuclei at ultrarelativistic speed. The experimental results have implications for vacuum birefringence and for mapping the magnetic field which is important for emergent QCD phenomena.
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Lee JH, Kim J, Hwang JS, Baek GH. Improvement in lunate perfusion after radial closing-wedge osteotomy in patients with Kienböck's disease. HAND SURGERY & REHABILITATION 2021; 40:588-594. [PMID: 34147670 DOI: 10.1016/j.hansur.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Radial closing-wedge osteotomy is a widely accepted treatment for Kienböck's disease. However, despite favorable long-term clinical outcomes, its impact on lunate perfusion has not been documented. The purpose of this study was to determine whether radial closing wedge osteotomy improved lunate perfusion on gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We conducted a retrospective review of 12 patients with Kienböck's disease who received radial closing wedge osteotomy. Mean age at surgery was 25 years. Preoperative Gd-enhanced MRI was performed in 7 patients. After bone union, implants were removed and MRI was repeated. Two patients were classified as Lichtman stage IIIA, and 5 as stage IIIB. Percentage pre- to post-operative perfused lunate volume was compared on MRI. At last follow-up, mean QuickDASH score improved from 43.7 to 6.2. Pre- to post-operative lunate fragmentation, collapse and perfusion were compared qualitatively on MRI. On quantitative analysis, perfusion increased from 24% to 54% (p = 0.018) using our method of measuring percentage perfused lunate volume. The method showed satisfactory reproducibility. Investigation using Gd-enhanced MRI suggested that radial closing wedge osteotomy increases lunate perfusion.
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Rho JH, Kim HJ, Joo JY, Lee JY, Lee JH, Park HR. Periodontal Pathogens Promote Foam Cell Formation by Blocking Lipid Efflux. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1367-1377. [PMID: 33899578 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211008811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Foam cells are one of the major cellular components of atherosclerotic plaques, within which the trace of periodontal pathogens has also been identified in recent studies. In line with these findings, the correlation between periodontitis and atherosclerotic cardiovascular incidences has been repetitively supported by evidence from a number of experimental studies. However, the direct role of periodontal pathogens in altered cellular signaling underlying such cardiovascular events has not been clearly defined. To determine the role of periodontal pathogens in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, especially in the evolution of macrophages into foam cells, we monitored the pattern of lipid accumulation within macrophages in the presence of periodontal pathogens, followed by characterization of these lipids and investigation of major molecules involved in lipid homeostasis. The cells were stained with the lipophilic fluorescent dye BODIPY 493/503 and Oil Red O to characterize the lipid profile. The amounts of Oil Red O-positive droplets, representing neutral lipids, as well as fluorescent lipid aggregates were prominently increased in periodontal pathogen-infected macrophages. Subsequent analysis allowed us to locate the accumulated lipids in the endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, the levels of cholesteryl ester in periodontal pathogen-infected macrophages were increased, implying disrupted lipid homeostasis. Further investigations to delineate the key messengers and regulatory factors involved in the altered lipid homeostasis have revealed alterations in cholesterol efflux-related enzymes, such as ABCG1 and CYP46A1, as contributors to foam cell formation, and increased Ca2+ signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as key events underlying disrupted lipid homeostasis. Consistently, a treatment of periodontal pathogen-infected macrophages with ROS inhibitors and nifedipine attenuated the accumulation of lipid droplets, further confirming periodontal pathogen-induced alterations in Ca2+ and ROS signaling and the subsequent dysregulation of lipid homeostasis as key regulatory events underlying the evolution of macrophages into foam cells.
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Global Polarization of Ξ and Ω Hyperons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:162301. [PMID: 33961449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global polarization of Ξ and Ω hyperons has been measured for the first time in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The measurements of the Ξ^{-} and Ξ[over ¯]^{+} hyperon polarization have been performed by two independent methods, via analysis of the angular distribution of the daughter particles in the parity violating weak decay Ξ→Λ+π, as well as by measuring the polarization of the daughter Λ hyperon, polarized via polarization transfer from its parent. The polarization, obtained by combining the results from the two methods and averaged over Ξ^{-} and Ξ[over ¯]^{+}, is measured to be ⟨P_{Ξ}⟩=0.47±0.10(stat)±0.23(syst)% for the collision centrality 20%-80%. The ⟨P_{Ξ}⟩ is found to be slightly larger than the inclusive Λ polarization and in reasonable agreement with a multiphase transport model. The ⟨P_{Ξ}⟩ is found to follow the centrality dependence of the vorticity predicted in the model, increasing toward more peripheral collisions. The global polarization of Ω, ⟨P_{Ω}⟩=1.11±0.87(stat)±1.97(syst)% was obtained by measuring the polarization of daughter Λ in the decay Ω→Λ+K, assuming the polarization transfer factor C_{ΩΛ}=1.
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Hong TH, Lee JH, Seo CH, Kim KH, Kim HY. Vibration reduction during milling of highly flexible workpieces using active workpiece holder system. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:045105. [PMID: 34243429 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The milling of highly flexible workpieces, such as thin-walled structures used in turbine blades, aerospace equipment, and jet engine compressors, requires vibration compensation to improve the quality of the workpiece surface. Vibration can be reduced by selecting appropriate cutting parameters. However, this approach reduces system productivity. This paper presents an active workpiece holder that controls the vibration of general computer numerical control machine tools. The proposed holder, which comprises a flexible guide mechanism, driver, and sensor, measures vibration and actively controls it using piezoactuators. A high-rigidity flexure mechanism was designed for the holder, and finite element method simulation and modal analysis were performed. Finally, the proposed system was fabricated, and experimental verification indicated that the system reduced vibration. The surface quality obtained using the controlled system was ∼50% better than that obtained using the uncontrolled system.
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Yoo JW, Kim J, Lee MW, Kang J, Ko WH, Oh SG, Ko J, Lee JH, Nam YU, Jung L, Park BH, Yoon SW. Fast-ion D α spectroscopy diagnostic at KSTAR. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:043504. [PMID: 34243446 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A fast-ion Dα (FIDA) diagnostics system was installed for core and edge measurements on KSTAR. This system has two tangential FIDA arrays that cover both blue- and redshifted Dα lines (cold: 656.09 nm) in active views along the neutral beam 1 A centerline. The spectral band is 647-662.5 nm, and it covers the Doppler shift of the emission from the maximum energy of the neutral beam (100 keV). A curved filter strip with a motorized stage adequately prevents saturation of the electron multiplying charge-coupled device signal by the cold Dα line from the plasma edge. From comparisons of the measured spectra and FIDASIM modeling code, the FIDA spectra are well matched quantitatively. Moreover, the first measurements show that the FIDA radiance agrees with the neutron rate in the time trace during external heating and perturbation. In addition, responses are observed in the core FIDA radiance during the edge-localized mode cycle.
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Yoo DS, Lee JH, Kim SC, Kim JH. Mortality and clinical response of patients with bullous pemphigoid treated with rituximab. Br J Dermatol 2021; 185:210-212. [PMID: 33657641 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Nonmonotonic Energy Dependence of Net-Proton Number Fluctuations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:092301. [PMID: 33750161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sqrt[s_{NN}]) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sqrt[s_{NN}] with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sqrt[s_{NN}].
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Lee MK, Moon C, Lee MJ, Kwak YG, Lee E, Jeon JH, Park WB, Jung Y, Kim ES, Lee JH, Chun JY, Park SW. Risk factors for the delayed diagnosis of extrapulmonary TB. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:191-198. [PMID: 33688807 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) is more difficult to diagnose than pulmonary TB. The delayed management of EPTB can lead to complications and increase the socio-economic burden.METHODS: Patients newly diagnosed with EPTB were retrospectively enrolled from 11 general hospitals in South Korea from January 2017 to December 2018. The basic characteristics of patients were described. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed between early and delayed diagnosis groups to identify risk factors for delayed diagnosis and treatment in EPTB.RESULTS: In total, 594 patients were enrolled. Lymph node TB (28.3%) was the predominant form, followed by abdominal (18.4%) and disseminated TB (14.5%). Concurrent lung involvement was 17.8%. The positivity of diagnostic tests showed no significant difference between the two groups. Acute clinical manifestations in disseminated, pericardial and meningeal TB, and immunosuppression were associated with early diagnosis. Delayed diagnosis was associated with outpatient clinic visits, delayed sample acquisition and diagnostic departments other than infection or pulmonology.CONCLUSION: The delay in diagnosis and treatment of EPTB was not related to differences in microbiological characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis itself; rather, it was due to the indolent clinical manifestations that cause referral to non-TB-specialised departments in the outpatient clinic and delay the suspicion of TB and diagnostic testing.
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Park B, Bang CH, Lee C, Han JH, Choi W, Kim J, Park GS, Rhie JW, Lee JH, Kim C. 3D wide-field multispectral photoacoustic imaging of human melanomas in vivo: a pilot study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:669-676. [PMID: 33037671 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Breslow depth is an important parameter to determine the excision margin and prognosis of melanoma. However, it is difficult to accurately determine the actual Breslow depth before surgery using the existing ocular micrometer and biopsy technique. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the use of 3D wide-field multispectral photoacoustic imaging to non-invasively measure depth and outline the boundary of melanomas for optimal surgical margin selection. METHODS Six melanoma patients were examined in vivo using the 3D multispectral photoacoustic imaging system. For five cases of melanomas (one in situ, three nodular, and one acral lentiginous type melanoma), the spectrally unmixed photoacoustic depths were calculated and compared against histopathological depths. RESULTS Spectrally unmixed photoacoustic depths and histopathological depths match well within a mean absolute error of 0.36 mm. In particular, the measured minimum and maximum depths in the in situ and nodular type of melanoma were 0.6 and 9.1 mm, respectively. In the 3D photoacoustic image of one metastatic melanoma, feeding vessels were visualized in the melanoma, suggesting the neovascularization around the tumour. CONCLUSIONS The 3D multispectral photoacoustic imaging not only provides well-measured depth and sizes of various types of melanomas, it also visualizes the metastatic type of melanoma. Obtaining accurate depth and boundary information of melanoma before surgery would play a useful role in the complete excision of melanoma during surgery.
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Park SH, Lim DH, Sohn TS, Lee J, Zang DY, Kim ST, Kang JH, Oh SY, Hwang IG, Ji JH, Shin DB, Yu JI, Kim KM, An JY, Choi MG, Lee JH, Kim S, Hong JY, Park JO, Park YS, Lim HY, Bae JM, Kang WK. A randomized phase III trial comparing adjuvant single-agent S1, S-1 with oxaliplatin, and postoperative chemoradiation with S-1 and oxaliplatin in patients with node-positive gastric cancer after D2 resection: the ARTIST 2 trial ☆. Ann Oncol 2020; 32:368-374. [PMID: 33278599 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adjuvant chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy are some of the standards of care for gastric cancer (GC). The Adjuvant chemoRadioTherapy In Stomach Tumors (ARTIST) 2 trial compares two adjuvant chemotherapy regimens and chemoradiotherapy in patients with D2-resected, stage II or III, node-positive GC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The ARTIST 2 compared, in a 1:1:1 ratio, three adjuvant regimens: oral S-1 (40-60 mg twice daily 4 weeks on/2 weeks off) for 1 year, S-1 (2 weeks on/1 week off) plus oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (SOX) for 6 months, and SOX plus chemoradiotherapy 45 Gy (SOXRT). Randomization was stratified according to surgery type (total or subtotal gastrectomy), pathologic stage (II or III), and Lauren histologic classification (diffuse or intestinal/mixed). The primary endpoint was disease-free survival (DFS) at 3 years; a reduction of 33% in the hazard ratio (HR) for DFS with SOX or SOXRT, when compared with S-1, was considered clinically meaningful. The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT0176146). RESULTS A total of 546 patients were recruited between February 2013 and January 2018 with 182, 181, and 183 patients in the S-1, SOX, and SOXRT arms, respectively. Median follow-up period was 47 months, with 178 DFS events observed. Estimated 3-year DFS rates were 64.8%, 74.3%, and 72.8% in the S-1, SOX, and SOXRT arms, respectively. HR for DFS in the control arm (S-1) was shorter than that in the SOX and SOXRT arms: S-1 versus SOX, 0.692 (P = 0.042) and S-1 versus SOXRT, 0.724 (P = 0.074). No difference in DFS was found between SOX and SOXRT (HR 0.971; P = 0.879). Adverse events were as anticipated in each arm, and were generally well-tolerated and manageable. CONCLUSIONS In patients with curatively D2-resected, stage II/III, node-positive GC, adjuvant SOX or SOXRT was effective in prolonging DFS, when compared with S-1 monotherapy. The addition of radiotherapy to SOX did not significantly reduce the rate of recurrence after D2 gastrectomy.
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Van der Meer JMR, Maas RJA, Guldevall K, Klarenaar K, de Jonge PKJD, Evert JSHV, van der Waart AB, Cany J, Safrit JT, Lee JH, Wagena E, Friedl P, Önfelt B, Massuger LF, Schaap NPM, Jansen JH, Hobo W, Dolstra H. IL-15 superagonist N-803 improves IFNγ production and killing of leukemia and ovarian cancer cells by CD34 + progenitor-derived NK cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:1305-1321. [PMID: 33140189 PMCID: PMC8053152 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02749-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Allogeneic natural killer (NK) cell transfer is a potential immunotherapy to eliminate and control cancer. A promising source are CD34 + hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), since large numbers of cytotoxic NK cells can be generated. Effective boosting of NK cell function can be achieved by interleukin (IL)-15. However, its in vivo half-life is short and potent trans-presentation by IL-15 receptor α (IL-15Rα) is absent. Therefore, ImmunityBio developed IL-15 superagonist N-803, which combines IL-15 with an activating mutation, an IL-15Rα sushi domain for trans-presentation, and IgG1-Fc for increased half-life. Here, we investigated whether and how N-803 improves HPC-NK cell functionality in leukemia and ovarian cancer (OC) models in vitro and in vivo in OC-bearing immunodeficient mice. We used flow cytometry-based assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, microscopy-based serial killing assays, and bioluminescence imaging, for in vitro and in vivo experiments. N-803 increased HPC-NK cell proliferation and interferon (IFN)γ production. On leukemia cells, co-culture with HPC-NK cells and N-803 increased ICAM-1 expression. Furthermore, N-803 improved HPC-NK cell-mediated (serial) leukemia killing. Treating OC spheroids with HPC-NK cells and N-803 increased IFNγ-induced CXCL10 secretion, and target killing after prolonged exposure. In immunodeficient mice bearing human OC, N-803 supported HPC-NK cell persistence in combination with total human immunoglobulins to prevent Fc-mediated HPC-NK cell depletion. Moreover, this combination treatment decreased tumor growth. In conclusion, N-803 is a promising IL-15-based compound that boosts HPC-NK cell expansion and functionality in vitro and in vivo. Adding N-803 to HPC-NK cell therapy could improve cancer immunotherapy.
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Lee JH, Kim HT, Choi IJ, Heo YR, Jung YW. An unusual anatomical variant of the left phrenic nerve encircling the transverse cervical artery. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020; 80:1027-1031. [PMID: 33124034 DOI: 10.5603/fm.a2020.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
During educational dissection of cadavers, we encountered anatomical variability of the left phrenic nerve (PN). In this cadaver, nerve fibres from C3 and C4 descended and crossed behind the transverse cervical artery (TCA), a branch of the thyrocervical trunk, at the level of the anterior scalene muscle. On the other hand, nerve fibres from C5 descended obliquely above the TCA and then joined the fibres from C3-C4 on the medial side of the anterior scalene muscle to form the PN. To our knowledge, the encircling of the TCA by the left PN in the neck has not yet been reported and may pose a potential risk for nerve compression during movement of the neck. We discuss several types of anatomical variants of the PN and the associated risk during thorax and neck dissection procedures.
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Androić D, Armstrong DS, Asaturyan A, Bartlett K, Beaufait J, Beminiwattha RS, Benesch J, Benmokhtar F, Birchall J, Carlini RD, Cornejo JC, Dusa SC, Dalton MM, Davis CA, Deconinck W, Dowd JF, Dunne JA, Dutta D, Duvall WS, Elaasar M, Falk WR, Finn JM, Forest T, Gal C, Gaskell D, Gericke MTW, Grames J, Gray VM, Grimm K, Guo F, Hoskins JR, Jones D, Jones MK, Jones RT, Kargiantoulakis M, King PM, Korkmaz E, Kowalski S, Leacock J, Leckey JP, Lee AR, Lee JH, Lee L, MacEwan S, Mack D, Magee JA, Mahurin R, Mammei J, Martin JW, McHugh MJ, Meekins D, Mei J, Mesick KE, Michaels R, Micherdzinska A, Mkrtchyan A, Mkrtchyan H, Morgan N, Narayan A, Ndukum LZ, Nelyubin V, van Oers WTH, Owen VF, Page SA, Pan J, Paschke KD, Phillips SK, Pitt ML, Radloff RW, Rajotte JF, Ramsay WD, Roche J, Sawatzky B, Seva T, Shabestari MH, Silwal R, Simicevic N, Smith GR, Solvignon P, Spayde DT, Subedi A, Subedi R, Suleiman R, Tadevosyan V, Tobias WA, Tvaskis V, Waidyawansa B, Wang P, Wells SP, Wood SA, Yang S, Zang P, Zhamkochyan S. Precision Measurement of the Beam-Normal Single-Spin Asymmetry in Forward-Angle Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:112502. [PMID: 32976004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A beam-normal single-spin asymmetry generated in the scattering of transversely polarized electrons from unpolarized nucleons is an observable related to the imaginary part of the two-photon exchange process. We report a 2% precision measurement of the beam-normal single-spin asymmetry in elastic electron-proton scattering with a mean scattering angle of θ_{lab}=7.9° and a mean energy of 1.149 GeV. The asymmetry result is B_{n}=-5.194±0.067(stat)±0.082 (syst) ppm. This is the most precise measurement of this quantity available to date and therefore provides a stringent test of two-photon exchange models at far-forward scattering angles (θ_{lab}→0) where they should be most reliable.
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Lee GR, Lee JH. The impact of the policy of expanding coverage for 4 major diseases on out-of-pocket payments. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
In South Korea, Cancers, cardiac disease, cerebrovascular diseases and rare incurable disease cause high medical expenses which are putting a heavy burden on the household economy. They are called '4 Major Severe Diseases'. The government has established the plan of Expanding Coverage for Four Major Severe Diseases. The Policy of Expanding Coverage for the 4 Major Severe Diseases is to apply the necessary medical services including coverage for uncovered services to national health insurance payments in stages. This study aims to evaluate the effects of the policy implemented from 2013 to 2015 by comparing the changes in the out-of-pocket payments before and after the policy. Using the data from the Korea Health Panel(2012, 2016), the policy effect was evaluated by the Difference-In-Difference analysis. A total of 4,686 patients (2,343 in 2012 and 2,343 in 2016) were included, who are enrolled in National Health Insurance, and have at least one chronic disease. People who are under 20 years old were excluded. In addition, severity of disease was adjusted by CCI(Charson's comorbidity index). Compared to before the policy was implemented, the Out-of-pocket payments significantly decreased. In addition, there were significant differences in gender, types of health care system, disabled, economic activity, income level, and CCI. According to previous studies, the policy of Expanding health insurance coverage since 2005 has been criticized for its low effectiveness. However, It is revealed that the Policy of Expanding Coverage for 4 Major Severe Diseases has an effect in this study. Given that the policy needs time to work, this study showed the effect of the policy more comprehensively compared to previous studies evaluating the effectiveness for just one year.
Key messages
Due to the Policy of Expanding Coverage for 4 Major Severe Diseases, the out-of-pocket health expenditure were reduced in the policy group. Given that the policy needs time to work, this study has shown more comprehensive results than previous studies that evaluated the effect of policy carried out over a short period.
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Chung SR, Lee JH, Yoon RK, Sung TY, Song DE, Pfeuffer J, Kim IS. Differentiation of follicular carcinomas from adenomas using histogram obtained from diffusion-weighted MRI. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:878.e13-878.e19. [PMID: 32838926 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the role of histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differentiation of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) from follicular adenoma (FA) in nodules indeterminate on ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (USCNB). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was performed with institutional review board approval. Seventeen patients who were planned to undergo diagnostic lobectomy for an indeterminate thyroid nodule (atypical of unknown significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance [AUS/FLUS] or suspicious for follicular neoplasm/follicular neoplasm [SFN]) on USCNB were enrolled prospectively. All patients underwent DWI on the day before surgery. Histogram parameters were derived from ADC values obtained from the whole extent of the tumours. The parameters were compared with the final diagnosis based on histopathological examination after surgery. The accuracy of the parameters in differentiating FTC from FA was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS Twelve patients were confirmed as having FA and five patients as having FTC. Histogram parameters including the 10th (ADC10), 25th (ADC25), and 50th (ADC50) percentiles of the ADC values were significantly lower in FA than in FTC (p < 0.05, all). ROC curve analysis revealed that ADC25 resulted in the highest AUC (0.867; confidence interval, 0.616-0.980), with a cut-off value of 0.352×10-3 mm2/s. CONCLUSION Histogram parameters from ADC maps could differentiate FTC from FA effectively in indeterminate nodules on USCNB, with ADC25 being the most promising parameter.
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Kim D, Choi YJ, Song Y, Chung SR, Baek JH, Lee JH. Thin-Section MR Imaging for Carotid Cavernous Fistula. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1599-1605. [PMID: 32819900 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Carotid-cavernous fistulas are abnormal vascular shunts that can cause various neurologic or orbital symptoms. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of thin-section MR imaging for carotid cavernous fistula in patients with clinically suspected carotid cavernous fistula, and to identify possible imaging predictors of carotid cavernous fistula. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 98 patients who were clinically suspected of having carotid cavernous fistula (according to their symptoms and physical examinations) between January 2006 and September 2018 were included in this study. The patients underwent pretreatment thin-section MR imaging and DSA. Thin-section MR imaging consisted of 2D coronal T1- and T2WI with 3-mm thickness and 3D contrast-enhanced T1WI with 0.6 mm thickness. The diagnostic performance of thin-section MR imaging for carotid cavernous fistula was evaluated with the reference standard of DSA. Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine possible imaging predictors of carotid cavernous fistula. RESULTS Among the 98 patients, DSA confirmed 38 as having carotid cavernous fistula. The overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of thin-section MR imaging were 88.8%, 97.4%, and 83.3%, respectively. Possible imaging predictors on thin-section MR imaging included abnormal contour of the cavernous sinus (OR: 21.7), internal signal void of the cavernous sinus (OR: 15.3), prominent venous drainage flow (OR: 54.0), and orbital/periorbital soft tissue swelling (OR: 40.4). CONCLUSIONS Thin-section MR imaging provides high diagnostic performance and possible imaging predictors of carotid cavernous fistula in patients with clinically suspected carotid cavernous fistula. Thin-section MR imaging protocols could help decide appropriate management plans for patients with clinically suspected carotid cavernous fistula.
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Lee MK, Lee JH, Kim JH, Kim H, Joo L, Kim M, Cho SJ, Suh CH, Chung SR, Choi YJ, Baek JH. Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI-Based Morphometric Parameters for Detecting Olfactory Nerve Dysfunction. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:1698-1702. [PMID: 32763901 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Although olfactory dysfunction is a common cranial nerve disorder, there are no simple objective morphometric criteria to assess olfactory dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of MR imaging morphometric parameters for detecting olfactory dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective study enrolled patients from those presenting with olfactory symptoms who underwent both an olfactory function test and MR imaging. Controls without olfactory dysfunction were recruited during the preoperative work-up for pituitary adenoma. Two independent neuroradiologists measured the olfactory bulb in 3D and assessed olfactory bulb concavity on MR imaging while blinded to the clinical data. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS Sixty-four patients and 34 controls were enrolled. The patients were significantly older than the controls (mean age, 57.8 ± 11.9 years versus 47.1 ± 12.1 years; P < .001). Before age adjustment, the olfactory bulb height was the only olfactory bulb parameter showing a significant difference between patients and controls (1.6 ± 0.3 mm versus 2.0 ± 0.3 mm, P < .001). After age adjustment, all parameters and olfactory bulb concavity showed significant intergroup differences, with the olfactory bulb height having the highest area under the curve (0.85). Olfactory bulb height was confirmed to be the only significant parameter showing a difference in the detection of olfactory dysfunction in 22 pairs after matching for age and sex (area under the curve = 0.87, P < .001). Intraclass correlation coefficients revealed moderate-to-excellent degrees of inter- and intrareader agreement. CONCLUSIONS MR imaging morphometric analysis can differentiate patients with olfactory dysfunction, with the olfactory bulb height having the highest diagnostic performance for detecting olfactory dysfunction irrespective of age.
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