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Ween MP, Moshensky A, Thredgold L, Bastian NA, Hamon R, Badiei A, Nguyen PT, Herewane K, Jersmann H, Bojanowski CM, Shin J, Reynolds PN, Crotty Alexander LE, Hodge SJ. E-cigarettes and health risks: more to the flavor than just the name. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 320:L600-L614. [PMID: 33295836 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00370.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing interest in regulating flavored E-liquids must incorporate understanding of the "flavoring profile" of each E-liquid-which flavorings (flavoring chemicals) are present and at what concentrations not just focusing on the flavor on the label. We investigated the flavoring profile of 10 different flavored E-liquids. We assessed bronchial epithelial cell viability and apoptosis, phagocytosis of bacteria and apoptotic cells by macrophages after exposure to E-cigarette vapor extract (EVE). We validated our data in normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) and alveolar macrophages (AM) from healthy donors. We also assessed cytokine release and validated in the saliva from E-cigarette users. Increased necrosis/apoptosis (16.1-64.5% apoptosis) in 16HBE cells was flavor dependent, and NHBEs showed an increased susceptibility to flavors. In THP-1 differentiated macrophages phagocytosis was also flavor dependent, with AM also showing increased susceptibility to flavors. Further, Banana and Chocolate were shown to reduce surface expression of phagocytic target recognition receptors on alveolar macrophages. Banana and Chocolate increased IL-8 secretion by NHBE, whereas all 4 flavors reduced AM IL-1β secretion, which was also reduced in the saliva of E-cigarette users compared with healthy controls. Flavorant profiles of E-liquids varied from simple 2 compound mixtures to complex mixtures containing over a dozen flavorants. E-liquids with high benzene content, complex flavoring profiles, high chemical concentration had the greatest impacts. The Flavorant profile of E-liquids is key to disruption of the airway status quo by increasing bronchial epithelial cell apoptosis, causing alveolar macrophage phagocytic dysfunction, and altering airway cytokines.
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Oh J, Lee RW, Lee HR, Lee SB, Ju HJ, Park J, Park HR, Park JH, Hann SK, Almurayshid A, Shin J, Kang HY, Bae JM, Oh SH. Classification of facial and truncal segmental vitiligo and its clinical courses including recurrence rate and patterns: a retrospective review of 956 patients. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:750-753. [PMID: 33131051 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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53
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Lee Y, Kim H, Shin J, Shin J, Lim Y, Park J, Heo R, Park S, Ihm S, Pyun W. Clinical features and predictors of masked uncontrolled hypertension: from Korean ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (Korabp) registry. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Clinical characteristics of patients with masked uncontrolled hypertension (MUCH) are poorly defined, and few studies have reported on clinical predictors of MUCH. We investigated demographic, lifestyle, clinical and blood pressure (BP) characteristics in patients with MUCH and proposed a prediction model for MUCH.
Method
We analyzed 2044 subjects taking antihypertensive medication enrolled in the Korean Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (Kor-ABP) registry, who were categorized into controlled hypertension (n=481, normal office BP, normal 24-hour ABP), pseudo-uncontrolled hypertension (n=131, high office BP, normal 24-hour ABP), MUCH (n=380, normal office BP, high 24-hour ABP), and sustained uncontrolled hypertension (n=1,052; high office BP and high 24-hour ABP).
Result
The prevalence of MUCH increased with office systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), whereas it was not associated with the numbers of antihypertensive drugs. But in patients with a high office SBP (≥130 mmHg), the prevalence of MUCH increased with decreasing numbers of antihypertensive drugs (interaction p=0.008; Figure 1A). Multiple logistic regression analysis identified high office SBPs and DBPs, prior stroke, dyslipidemia and single anti-hypertensive agent use as independent predictors of MUCH (Table 1). A prediction model using these predictors showed a high diagnostic accuracy (C-index 0.833) and a goodness of fit for the presence of MUCH (Figure 1B).
Conclusion
MUCH is associated with the borderline increase in office BP and the underuse of anti-hypertensive drugs as well as dyslipidemia and prior stroke, which underscores the importance of achieving the optimal BP control level in the high risk patients. The proposed model would accurately predict MUCH in patients with controlled office BP.
Figure 1
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Seo K, Park Y, Kim D, Shin J. LIMB GIRDLE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Desai K, Pham R, Shin J, Horn K, Harbhajanka A, Sieck L. Is sentinel lymph node biopsy necessary in the setting of microinvasive DCIS? Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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56
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Yoo I, Shin J. AUTOIMMUNE MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Nehrbass-Ahles C, Shin J, Schmitt J, Bereiter B, Joos F, Schilt A, Schmidely L, Silva L, Teste G, Grilli R, Chappellaz J, Hodell D, Fischer H, Stocker TF. Abrupt CO 2 release to the atmosphere under glacial and early interglacial climate conditions. Science 2020; 369:1000-1005. [PMID: 32820127 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay8178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Pulse-like carbon dioxide release to the atmosphere on centennial time scales has only been identified for the most recent glacial and deglacial periods and is thought to be absent during warmer climate conditions. Here, we present a high-resolution carbon dioxide record from 330,000 to 450,000 years before present, revealing pronounced carbon dioxide jumps (CDJ) under cold and warm climate conditions. CDJ come in two varieties that we attribute to invigoration or weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and associated northward and southward shifts of the intertropical convergence zone, respectively. We find that CDJ are pervasive features of the carbon cycle that can occur during interglacial climate conditions if land ice masses are sufficiently extended to be able to disturb the AMOC by freshwater input.
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Shin J, Shin S, Lee JH, Song KB, Hwang DW, Kim HJ, Byun JH, Cho H, Kim SC, Hong SM. Lymph node size and its association with nodal metastasis in ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. J Pathol Transl Med 2020; 54:387-395. [PMID: 32683855 PMCID: PMC7483027 DOI: 10.4132/jptm.2020.06.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although lymph node metastasis is a poor prognostic factor in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), our understanding of lymph node size in association with PDAC is limited. Increased nodal size in preoperative imaging has been used to detect node metastasis. We evaluated whether lymph node size can be used as a surrogate preoperative marker of lymph node metastasis. Methods We assessed nodal size and compared it to the nodal metastatic status of 200 patients with surgically resected PDAC. The size of all lymph nodes and metastatic nodal foci were measured along the long and short axis, and the relationships between nodal size and metastatic status were compared at six cutoff points. Results A total of 4,525 lymph nodes were examined, 9.1% of which were metastatic. The mean size of the metastatic nodes (long axis, 6.9±5.0 mm; short axis, 4.3±3.1 mm) was significantly larger than that of the non-metastatic nodes (long axis, 5.0±4.0 mm; short axis, 3.0±2.0 mm; all p<.001). Using a 10 mm cutoff, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, overall accuracy, and area under curve was 24.8%, 88.0%, 17.1%, 82.3%, and 0.60 for the long axis and 7.0%, 99.0%, 40.3%, 90.6%, and 0.61 for the short axis, respectively. Conclusions The metastatic nodes are larger than the non-metastatic nodes in PDAC patients. However, the difference in nodal size was too small to be identified with preoperative imaging. The performance of preoperative radiologic imaging to predict lymph nodal metastasis was not good. Therefore, nodal size cannot be used a surrogate preoperative marker of lymph node metastasis.
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Patel Y, Shin J, Gowland PA, Pausova Z, Paus T. Maturation of the Human Cerebral Cortex During Adolescence: Myelin or Dendritic Arbor? Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3351-3362. [PMID: 30169567 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous in vivo studies revealed robust age-related variations in structural properties of the human cerebral cortex during adolescence. Neurobiology underlying these maturational phenomena is largely unknown. Here we employ a virtual-histology approach to gain insights into processes associated with inter-regional variations in cortical microstructure and its maturation, as indexed by magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Inter-regional variations in MTR correlate with inter-regional variations in expression of genes specific to pyramidal cells (CA1) and ependymal cells; enrichment analyses indicate involvement of these genes in dendritic growth. On the other hand, inter-regional variations in the change of MTR during adolescence correlate with inter-regional profiles of oligodendrocyte-specific gene expression. Complemented by a quantitative hypothetical model of the contribution of surfaces associated with dendritic arbor (1631 m2) and myelin (48 m2), these findings suggest that MTR signals are driven mainly by macromolecules associated with dendritic arbor while maturational changes in the MTR signal are associated with myelination.
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Kim A, Mock B, Lee H, Kang Y, Kim D, Shin J. 645 5-(3’, 4’-Dihydroxyphenyl-valerolactone) regulates DNA methylation in UVB-irradiated keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Shin J, Grigsby-Toussaint D. 0413 The Influence of Community Environment Exposure and Individual Health Behavior on Insufficient Sleep. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Short sleep duration is associated with the risk of various chronic diseases, and it has been hypothesized to influence health behaviors and environmental exposure such as green space and noise. However, little studies have explored this relationship, especially with the consideration of the integrated environment information. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of environmental exposure and individuals’ health behavior on sleep duration.
Methods
We examined aggregate national-level datasets regarding health information, noise, and green space. Sleep, health behavior, and socio-demographic variables were derived from 500 cities data, and the unit of analysis was the prevalence of each variable in the census tract. The insufficient sleep was calculated by the percentage of the population who had less than 7 hours of sleep in the census block. Spatial analysis was performed for green space and noise measurement; both values were calculated within the community activity space, which is a combined area with the census urban area and census place to examine the potential activity space. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to model the relationship.
Results
The final sample was 29,610 census tracts from 497 cities, and the average median age of each census tract was 36.02±7.085. 36.64% of insufficient sleep was reported from the entire sample. The model (R2=0.804) indicate that green space (β=-.053, p<.001) and natural noise (β=-.029, p<.001) has negatively associated with insufficient sleep; while, smoker (β=.374, p<.001), binge drinker (β=.105, p<.001), no leisure physical activity time (β=.111, p<.001), and artificial noise (β=.034, p<.001) has positive association with insufficient sleep.
Conclusion
The results indicate that a better environment source in the community mitigates the insufficient sleep population as well as individual health behavior. Further studies are needed, however, to fully disentangle the association between sleep duration and sleep quality associated with other environmental exposure.
Support
N/A
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Grigsby-Toussaint D, Shin J. 0379 Green Space Exposure and Sleep Duration Among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participants. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Emerging empirical evidence suggests green space exposure is protective against insufficient sleep. Limited studies exist, however, exploring the relationship between greenspace exposure and sleep among low income populations in the United States.
Methods
Using a sample of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants (n=104) recruited from Champaign County, Illinois, we examined the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and exposure to green space. Sleep duration was determined using the question, “On average, how many hours did you sleep each night during the past 4 weeks?” Green space exposure was determined using satellite imagery from the National Aeronautic Space Administration (NASA) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). An NDVI score was assigned to each participant based on residential geo-referenced data. Multiple linear regression was performed in SPSS to explore the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and green space.
Results
Higher number of hours of sleep within a 24-hour period was positively associated with higher scores for greenspace exposure (β=0.091, P=0.02), controlling for age, gender, smoking status, education, alcohol consumption, and sleep quality. Sleep duration was negatively associated with age (β=-0.03, P=0.007), but positively associated with sleep quality (β=0.856, P=0.008).
Conclusion
In a sample of SNAP participants, exposure to green space was associated with more hours of sleep per night. Additional studies with larger, and more geographically diverse samples of low income adults are needed to determine whether this relationship is robust.
Support
USDA UNC/DUKE BECR Center
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Baciu C, Shin J, Hsin M, Keshavjee S, Liu M. An Integrative Omics Study Reveals Association of Higher Uric Acid Levels with Poor Clinical Outcome after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Yang C, Baciu C, Hsin M, Gower A, Shin J, Gao X, Chen M, Cypel M, Keshavjee S, Liu M. Perfusate Metabolite Profiles in Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion Predict Graft Quality of Lungs Donated after Circulatory Death. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Alvarez C, Nnani D, Patel S, Goldstein D, Saeed O, Sims D, Shin J, Murthy S, Vukelic S, Chavez P, Forest S, Jorde U. Post-Transplant Diabetes Mellitus and the Risk of Acute Rejection in Heart Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Tam E, Mustehsan M, Haroun M, Farooq M, Alvarez C, Saha S, Forest S, Jakobleff W, Patel S, Sims D, Shin J, Murthy S, Chavez P, Vukelic S, Goldstein D, Jorde U, Saeed O. Outcomes with Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices during Acute Myocardial Infarction Cardiogenic Shock. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gjelaj C, Luke A, Paschenko A, Fletcher R, Borukhov E, Nnani D, Sims D, Vukelic S, Saeed O, Shin J, Murthy S, Goldstein D, Jorde U, Patel S. Sum Total MFI of Donor-Specific Antibody - A Prognostic Marker in Antibody-Mediated Rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Vukelic S, Sibinga N, Vlismas P, Alvarez C, Sims D, Saeed O, Shin J, Forest S, Patel S, Goldstein D, Jorde U. Digoxin Treatment Reverses Angiogenic Switch during HeartMate 3 Support and is Associated with Decrease Risk for Gastrointestinal Bleeding. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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69
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Chauhan D, Wetzler J, Phan D, Puius Y, Saeed O, Patel S, Sims D, Vukelic S, Shin J, Chavez P, Murthy S, Jorde U, Goldstein D, Forest S. Driveline Rerouting and Incision & Drainage for the Management of Chronic Driveline Infection in LVAD Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Wan N, Travin M, Luke A, Gjelaj C, Paschenko A, Saeed O, Sims D, Shin J, Vukelic S, Murthy S, Chavez P, Patel S, Jorde U. Poor Glycemic Control Correlates with Worse Myocardial Flow Measured by Ammonia-13 Positron Emission Tomography in Cardiac Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Chauhan D, Skendelas J, Cohen S, Forest S, Patel S, Sims D, Shin J, Vukelic S, Jakobleff W, Goldstein D, Jorde U, Saeed O. Waitlist Outcomes in Patients with Blood Group O during Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Han K, Man Deuk K, Joon Ho K, Shin J, Won J, Kim G, Baek S, Lee J. 3:45 PM Abstract No. 170 Randomized controlled trial comparing therapeutic effect, pain, and inflammatory response after uterine artery embolization for symptomatic fibroids using nonspherical polyvinyl alcohol or tris-acryl gelatin microsphere. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Lee SH, Lee SB, Heo JH, Yoon HS, Byun JW, Choi GS, Shin J. Sebaceous glands participate in the inflammation of rosacea. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e144-e146. [PMID: 31709649 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kim JW, Cho S, Shin J, Lee K, Kim T. Prediction Of OSA severity using sound data collected by a non-contact device. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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75
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Shin J, Kim J, Lee M, Kim M, Lee H, Park H, Kim S, Kim J, Kang J. P2.03-42 Highly Sensitive Sel-CapTM Lung Cancer Panel NGS for Detection of Tumor-Derived EGFR Mutations in Plasma Cell-Free DNA in Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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