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Superti F, Seganti L, Orsi N, Divizia M, Gabrieli R, Panà A. Effect of cellular function inhibitors on the infection of Frp/3 cells by hepatitis A virus. Med Microbiol Immunol 1989; 178:29-36. [PMID: 2535886 DOI: 10.1007/bf00202289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of some cellular function inhibitors on hepatitis A virus (HAV) adsorption and on the successive events of infection in a monkey cell line (Frp/3 cells) was investigated. Treatments of Frp/3 cells with colcemide, vinblastine and cytochalasin D, which affect cytoskeleton organization, indicated that neither microtubules nor microfilaments play an important role in the early events of HAV infection. Monensin, which acts as an ionophore on intracellular vesicle compartments inhibited HAV infection probably at the uncoating step. Inhibition of viral replication to a different degree was observed with both inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation, such as dinitrophenol and sodium azide, and with an inhibitor of glycolysis, 2-deoxy-D-glucose. However, none of these compounds significantly affected the early steps of infection, thus demonstrating that HAV replication is largely dependent upon cell energy.
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Tinari A, Ruggeri FM, Divizia M, Panà A, Donelli G. Morphological changes in HAV-infected Frp/3 cells and immunolocalization of HAAg. Arch Virol 1989; 104:209-24. [PMID: 2468326 DOI: 10.1007/bf01315544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Electron and immunoelectron microscopic studies were carried out on HAV-infected Frp/3 cells. The infection led to a distinctive cytopathic effect (CPE) arising on day 3 up to the complete detachment of monolayers on day 7. Infected cells exhibited progressive modifications, beginning from the formation of long helical polyribosomes. Subsequently, hypertrophy, cisternal dilatation and degranulation of the RER could be observed. Furthermore, the formation of concentric membranous bodies (CMB), large myelin-like structures and annulate lamellae could be revealed at later times of infection. 24-27 nm virus-like particles were observed within cytoplasmic vesicles or outside extensively degenerated cells. Indirect immunoperoxidase staining were used to localize HAV antigen (HAAg) in thin sectioned infected Frp/3 cells. Vesicular inclusion bodies, often seen to contain electron-lucent particles, resulted darkly stained as well as tracts of the RER and myelin-like structures. Negatively stained preparations from cell lysates revealed small clusters of HAV particles which sometimes appeared to be still associated with residual membrane fragments. Our findings seem to suggest that HAV replication occurs in close association with cytoplasmic membranes and a direct involvement of the RER seems to be demonstrated.
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Seganti L, Superti F, Orsi N, Gabrieli R, Divizia M, Panà A. Membrane lipid components interacting with hepatitis A virus. MICROBIOLOGICA 1989; 12:225-30. [PMID: 2550740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of lipid components in hepatitis A virus (HAV) attachment to host cells has been investigated. Isolated Frp/3 cell membranes and whole lipids, phospholipid and glycolipid fractions extracted from them were able to bind the virus and to prevent infection. Treatment of virus with various phospholipids or glycolipids demonstrated the participation of phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and galactose in HAV binding. Results obtained added further information on the receptor specificity of host cells for HAV.
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Superti F, Seganti L, Orsi N, Divizia M, Gabrieli R, Panà A, Stein ML. Effect of isoflavans and isoflavenes on the infection of Frp/3 cells by hepatitis A virus. Antiviral Res 1989; 11:247-54. [PMID: 2552913 DOI: 10.1016/0166-3542(89)90034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of 6,4'-dichloroflavan and of isoflavan and isoflavene derivatives on hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection in a monkey cell line (Frp/3 cells) was studied. These compounds were not virucidal and had no measurable effect on the adsorption of virus to the cells at 0 degrees C, whereas they exerted an inhibitory effect on viral antigen synthesis when incubated with the infected cells during HAV multiplication. Among the substances tested, 6,4'-dichloroflavan and 6,4'-dichloroisoflavan showed the highest activity. These compounds are postulated to interact with an early stage (penetration and/or uncoating) of HAV infection.
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Divizia M, Santi AL, Panà A. Ultrafiltration: an efficient second step for hepatitis A virus and poliovirus concentration. J Virol Methods 1989; 23:55-62. [PMID: 2536381 DOI: 10.1016/0166-0934(89)90089-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The efficiency of seeded hepatitis A virus and poliovirus recovery from 1 l of dechlorinated tap water or different buffer was evaluated using a molecular filtration system. All the experiments were performed using a polysulfonate membrane of 10,000 molecular weight limit. Under standard conditions hepatitis A virus recovery was 100% of the input, but the percentage was reduced dramatically when the inflow pressure was increased. In contrast, poliovirus recovery was low under standard conditions, but it improved when the membranes were pretreated with different buffers. The best recovery was obtained using beef extract at neutral pH.
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Divizia M, De Filippis P, Di Napoli A, Gabrieli R, Santi AL, Panà A. HAV recovery from tap water: evaluation of different types of membranes. ANNALI DI IGIENE : MEDICINA PREVENTIVA E DI COMUNITA 1989; 1:57-64. [PMID: 2483083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A cytopathic strain of hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been used to evaluate the absorption-elution of several membranes. Filters were obtained from four different manufactures: Sartorius, Millipore, Gelman and Cuno. Only the electronegative HAWP (Millipore) and the electropositive (Cuno-Div.) filters appear to absorb HAV with a high efficiency.
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Panà A, Franco E, Divizia M. [Initial experience with an inactivated anti-hepatitis-A vaccine]. NUOVI ANNALI D'IGIENE E MICROBIOLOGIA 1988; 39:373-7. [PMID: 2855448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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58
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Superti F, Seganti L, Orsi N, Divizia M, Gabrieli R, Panà A. The effect of lipophilic amines on the growth of hepatitis A virus in Frp/3 cells. Arch Virol 1987; 96:289-96. [PMID: 2821967 DOI: 10.1007/bf01320970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of lipophilic amines on hepatitis A virus infection in a monkey cell line (Frp/3 cells) was studied. Ammonium chloride, amantadine, methylamine and dansylcadaverine inhibited viral antigen synthesis when added to the cells at least one hour after the attachment step. Results obtained suggest that the HAV entry pathway in Frp/3 cells follows an endocytic route and that viral uncoating takes probably place in endosomes and/or lysosomes.
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De Filippis P, Divizia M, Mele A, Adamo B, Panà A. Detection of hepatitis A virus in the stools of healthy people from endemic areas. Eur J Epidemiol 1987; 3:172-5. [PMID: 3038597 DOI: 10.1007/bf00239755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
One-hundred-ninety-two stool samples were tested for the presence of human Hepatitis A antigen. Sixteen of these were also evaluated for the presence of infectious virus. All samples were obtained from young and apparently healthy people from endemic areas for Hepatitis A disease. The isolation of the infectious virus from these stools demonstrates clearly the wide diffusion of the virus in these areas, and its transmission by the oral-fecal route.
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Seganti L, Superti F, Orsi N, Gabrieli R, Divizia M, Panà A. Study of the chemical nature of Frp/3 cell recognition units for hepatitis A virus. Med Microbiol Immunol 1987; 176:21-6. [PMID: 3029555 DOI: 10.1007/bf00189405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Research has been carried out in order to clarify the chemical nature of cell receptors interacting with a fast growing strain of hepatitis A virus (HAV) producing a cytopathic effect on Frp/3 cells. Cell surface susceptibility to HAV attachment has been studied after treatment with enzymes acting on different chemical groupings. Results obtained showed a lowering of cell susceptibility to HAV infection following the action of phospholipase A2, phospholipase C, trypsin and beta-galactosidase. These data suggested that phospholipids, proteins and galactose participate to the cellular receptorial area for HAV.
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Divizia M, Ruggeri F, Hentschel J, Flehmig B, Panà A, Perez-Bercoff R. Preliminary characterization of a fast-growing strain of human hepatitis A virus. MICROBIOLOGICA 1986; 9:269-78. [PMID: 3018450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A fast-growing strain of Human Hepatitis A (HHA) virus was selected by progressively shortening by the time between serial passages of the isolate in the simian cell line Frp/3. The virus so selected infected 90-95% of the cells in 7-10 days, and developed a strong cytopathic effect (CPE). The synthesis of HHA-specific antigens and the CPE were neutralized simultaneously by standard anti-HHA sera. This fast-growing strain has the characteristics of a picornavirus.
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Panà A, De Filippis P, Di Napoli A, Divizia M, Gabrieli R, Patti AM. [Recovery of hepatitis A virus in a sample of potable water experimentally contaminated]. NUOVI ANNALI D'IGIENE E MICROBIOLOGIA 1986; 37:21-30. [PMID: 2849768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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64
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Divizia M, Baglioni C. Lack of correlation between thymidine kinase activity and the antiviral or antiproliferative response to interferon. Virology 1984; 133:216-9. [PMID: 6322432 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Murine L cells lacking thymidine kinase activity (Ltk-) do not respond to the antiviral or antiproliferative activity of interferon, whereas human tk- cells show a normal response. Furthermore, a clone of tk+ cells derived from Ltk- cells by DNA-mediated transfer of the tk herpes gene does not respond to interferon. Cells of this clone and Ltk- cells do not produce interferon when infected with Newcastle disease virus or treated with poly(I) X poly(C) and DEAE-dextran. Possible reasons for this inability to produce interferon and the lack of response to interferon are discussed.
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Grassi M, Divizia M, Panà A, Pasquini P. Preliminary study on fixed rabies virus strain "Roma". I: Adaptation on BHK21/S13 cells. MICROBIOLOGICA 1983; 6:255-9. [PMID: 6633274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study the attempts to adapt Roma fixed rabies virus to BHK21/S13 cells and human diploid fibroblasts, for a better characterization of the virus, are reported. BHK21 cells were infected with the virus and maintained in culture for more than 100 passages. A persistently infected culture by rabies virus was obtained. Attempts to propagate virus in human diploid fibroblasts were unsuccessful.
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Fiorilli M, Sirianni MC, Iannetti P, Panà A, Divizia M, Aiuti F. Cell-mediated immunity in human cytomegalovirus infection. Infect Immun 1982; 35:1162-4. [PMID: 6279516 PMCID: PMC351171 DOI: 10.1128/iai.35.3.1162-1164.1982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The direct leukocyte migration inhibition test, in response to cytomegalovirus stimulation, was used to study cell-mediated immunity in a group of children with cytomegalovirus infection. The test was impaired in children with chronic disease associated with cytomegaloviruria. In those cases with no viruria at the moment of the test, leukocyte migration inhibition was normal. Our data suggest that the acquired chronic cytomegalovirus infection may be sustained by a state of specific cellular desensitization, as already demonstrated for congenital infection.
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Vandenbussche P, Divizia M, Verhaegen-Lewalle M, Fuse A, Kuwata T, De Clercq E, Content J. Enzymatic activities induced by interferon in human fibroblast cell lines differing in their sensitivity to the anticellular activity of interferon. Virology 1981; 111:11-22. [PMID: 6165134 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Panà A, Santi AL, Grassi M, Divizia M, Assumma M, Carratù A. On the presence of cytomegalovirus in the milk of normal women; correlation between breast feeding and virus excretion in infants. BOLLETTINO DELL'ISTITUTO SIEROTERAPICO MILANESE 1981; 60:85-8. [PMID: 6272824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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69
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Verhaegen M, Divizia M, Vandenbussche P, Kuwata T, Content J. Abnormal behavior of interferon-induced enzymatic activities in an interferon-resistant cell line. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1980; 77:4479-83. [PMID: 6159629 PMCID: PMC349867 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.77.8.4479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon induces two double-stranded RNA-dependent enzymatic activities: an oligoisoadenylate synthetase that converts ATP to ppp(A2'p)n5'A, and a protein phosphokinase. We have explored the level and inducibility of these two enzymes in a human cell line (HEC-1) totally insensitive to both the antiviral and the anticellular actions of interferon. The activities of both enzymes are high in untreated cells and only minor changes occur after treatment with interferon, even at high concentrations. Interferon-treated HEC-1 cells do not contain an inhibitor of the oligoisoadenylate synthetase activity. The products of this HEC-1 oligoisoadenylate synthetase consist mainly of dimers, trimers, and tetramers as found in other cell lines after interferon treatment. The synthetase level is unaffected by treating the cells with anti-interferon antiserum, indicating that the results cannot be explained by a spontaneous low production of interferon by these cells. Furthermore, virus multiplication is not inhibited, even after treatment with interferon. These observations suggest that either the two enzymatic activities do not suffice for the establishment of an antiviral state in vivo or that a regulatory control mechanism, lost in these cells and common for both enzymes, is required for the expression of the antiviral action of interferon. This might explain both the constitutivity of the two enzymes and the interferon resistance observed.
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Panà A, Santi AL, Divizia M, Vescia N. [The course of anti-cytomegalovirus antibodies during pregnancy]. NUOVI ANNALI D'IGIENE E MICROBIOLOGIA 1979; 30:321-9. [PMID: 233381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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71
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Pana A, Santi AL, Purpura M, Conforti GB, Castello C, Divizia M. [Cytomegalovirus infection in blood donors]. NUOVI ANNALI D'IGIENE E MICROBIOLOGIA 1976; 27:501-10. [PMID: 212717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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