51
|
Sutton E, Lane JA, Davis M, Walsh EI, Neal DE, Hamdy FC, Mason M, Staffurth J, Martin RM, Metcalfe C, Peters TJ, Donovan JL, Wade J. Men's experiences of radiotherapy treatment for localized prostate cancer and its long-term treatment side effects: a longitudinal qualitative study. Cancer Causes Control 2021; 32:261-269. [PMID: 33394204 PMCID: PMC7870600 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate men's experiences of receiving external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with neoadjuvant Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) for localized prostate cancer (LPCa) in the ProtecT trial. METHODS A longitudinal qualitative interview study was embedded in the ProtecT RCT. Sixteen men with clinically LPCa who underwent EBRT in ProtecT were purposively sampled to include a range of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. They participated in serial in-depth qualitative interviews for up to 8 years post-treatment, exploring experiences of treatment and its side effects over time. RESULTS Men experienced bowel, sexual, and urinary side effects, mostly in the short term but some persisted and were bothersome. Most men downplayed the impacts, voicing expectations of age-related decline, and normalizing these changes. There was some reticence to seek help, with men prioritizing their relationships and overall health and well-being over returning to pretreatment levels of function. Some unmet needs with regard to information about treatment schedules and side effects were reported, particularly among men with continuing functional symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings reinforce the importance of providing universal clear, concise, and timely information and supportive resources in the short term, and more targeted and detailed information and care in the longer term to maintain and improve treatment experiences for men undergoing EBRT.
Collapse
|
52
|
Goupil RC, Davis M, Kaufman A, Roberts D, Mitchell T. Clinical recovery of 5 dogs from amatoxin mushroom poisoning using an adapted Santa Cruz protocol for people. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2021; 31:414-427. [PMID: 33458945 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical course, treatment, and outcome of 5 dogs following ingestion of toxic Amanita spp. mushrooms containing amatoxins using an adapted version of the Santa Cruz protocol developed for people. CASE SERIES SUMMARY Five dogs were presented with clinical signs compatible with amanitin toxicity with witnessed ingestion noted in 3 of 5 dogs. Clinical findings included acute onset vomiting and diarrhea, lethargy, and hepatopathy including signs of fulminant hepatic failure (increased liver enzyme activities, hyperbilirubinemia, prolonged clotting times, and hypoglycemia were noted among these cases). Urine toxicological screening confirmed the presence of Amanita toxins in 4 cases with expert mycologist speciation in the fifth. Core interventions included percutaneous biliary drainage, use of octreotide, and early nil per os orders. All dogs survived to discharge with this treatment strategy. NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED This case series describes the use of a modified version of the Santa Cruz protocol to address amatoxin-induced fulminant hepatic failure in dogs. The protocol was safe, well tolerated, and all patients made a full clinical recovery.
Collapse
|
53
|
Gilheany-Black L, Davis M. Cardiovascular Health Risk Disparities in a Rural New Zealand General Practice Community. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
54
|
Gilheany-Black L, Davis M. Cardiology Referrals for High Cardiovascular Risk Patients in a Rural New Zealand General Practice Community. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
55
|
Ng L, Davis M, Anand V, Toy J, Atkins B. Is Less More? Rationalising the Use of Transthoracic and Transoesophageal Echocardiography in the Investigation of Suspected Endocarditis. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
56
|
Woolas J, Davis M, Rahimi S. Recurrence of endometrial cancer in a hysterectomised patient treated with tamoxifen for breast cancer: a case report. J R Soc Med 2020; 113:454-456. [PMID: 33044110 PMCID: PMC7686519 DOI: 10.1177/0141076820961087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen exposure is a recognised risk for primary endometrial cancer. This case serves as a reminder to meticulously check the past medical history and inform patients of the risk-benefit of treatment as part of a shared-decision making process.
Collapse
|
57
|
Edwards S, Ong R, Davis M, Allcock R, Androga G, Kamien B, Harrop K, Ravenscroft G, Fietz M, Pachter N, Beilby J, Laing N. HIGHLIGHTS ACROSS MYOLOGY. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
58
|
Wong W, Bryen S, Bournazos A, Bommireddipall S, Waddell L, Menezes M, Webster R, Davis M, Liang C, Cooper S, Jones K. MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES & METABOLIC MYOPATHIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
59
|
Easteal S, Arkell RM, Balboa RF, Bellingham SA, Brown AD, Calma T, Cook MC, Davis M, Dawkins HJS, Dinger ME, Dobbie MS, Farlow A, Gwynne KG, Hermes A, Hoy WE, Jenkins MR, Jiang SH, Kaplan W, Leslie S, Llamas B, Mann GJ, McMorran BJ, McWhirter RE, Meldrum CJ, Nagaraj SH, Newman SJ, Nunn JS, Ormond-Parker L, Orr NJ, Paliwal D, Patel HR, Pearson G, Pratt GR, Rambaldini B, Russell LW, Savarirayan R, Silcocks M, Skinner JC, Souilmi Y, Vinuesa CG, Baynam G. Equitable Expanded Carrier Screening Needs Indigenous Clinical and Population Genomic Data. Am J Hum Genet 2020; 107:175-182. [PMID: 32763188 PMCID: PMC7413856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Expanded carrier screening (ECS) for recessive monogenic diseases requires prior knowledge of genomic variation, including DNA variants that cause disease. The composition of pathogenic variants differs greatly among human populations, but historically, research about monogenic diseases has focused mainly on people with European ancestry. By comparison, less is known about pathogenic DNA variants in people from other parts of the world. Consequently, inclusion of currently underrepresented Indigenous and other minority population groups in genomic research is essential to enable equitable outcomes in ECS and other areas of genomic medicine. Here, we discuss this issue in relation to the implementation of ECS in Australia, which is currently being evaluated as part of the national Government's Genomics Health Futures Mission. We argue that significant effort is required to build an evidence base and genomic reference data so that ECS can bring significant clinical benefit for many Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Australians. These efforts are essential steps to achieving the Australian Government's objectives and its commitment "to leveraging the benefits of genomics in the health system for all Australians." They require culturally safe, community-led research and community involvement embedded within national health and medical genomics programs to ensure that new knowledge is integrated into medicine and health services in ways that address the specific and articulated cultural and health needs of Indigenous people. Until this occurs, people who do not have European ancestry are at risk of being, in relative terms, further disadvantaged.
Collapse
|
60
|
Brocklehurst A, Davis M, Gray T, McDonald B, Mathis A, Phillips M, Troutman M. Human Figure Drawings of Rural Children. Am J Occup Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.74s1-po4115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Date Presented 03/27/20
Developmental drawings can be a predictor of school readiness. This descriptive study compared rural children’s drawings to the national norm. Sixty percent of the children scored below average, with 36% producing no identifiable human trait in their drawing. Identification of delays that impact school readiness at a community level is important for OT practitioners to consider as they expand their practice to provide health promotion and prevention interventions at the community level.
Primary Author and Speaker: Angelika Brocklehurst
Contributing Authors: Megan Davis, Taylor Gray, Brittany McDonald, Angelene Mathis, Madison Phillips, Morganne Troutman
Collapse
|
61
|
Cipriani J, Davis M, Gralinski E, Monforte S, Strausser J. Examining the Occupational Needs and OT Intervention Strategies Used With Refugee Populations: A Scoping Review. Am J Occup Ther 2020. [DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2020.74s1-po7508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Date Presented 03/28/20
Refugees across the world are an ever-growing population, including in the United States. The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review of research from 2014–2018 relevant to OT practice with refugee populations. Twelve peer-reviewed research articles were examined. A trend of more published evidence-based interventions emerged compared to earlier reviews, in addition to assessing needs of this nontraditional population. Implications for OT practice will be presented.
Primary Author and Speaker: Joseph Cipriani
Additional Authors and Speakers: Megan Davis, Emily Gralinski, Stephanie Monforte, Jacqueline Strausser
Collapse
|
62
|
Lafyatis R, Spiera R, Domsic R, Papazoglou A, Ligon C, Zinger Morse CM, Denis JF, Davis M, Gruosso T, Tremblay G, O’connor Mccourt M, Sinclair S, Delara J, Alvarado K, Wood D, Nadler P, Volkmann E. THU0329 SAFETY, TARGET ENGAGEMENT, AND INITIAL EFFICACY OF AVID200, A FIRST-IN-CLASS POTENT AND ISOFORM-SELECTIVE INHIBITOR OF TGF-BETA 1 AND 3, IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE CUTANEOUS SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS (DCSSC): A PHASE 1 DOSE ESCALATION STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:AVID200 is a novel, potent TGF-beta receptor ectodomain-based trap designed to selectively neutralize TGF-beta 1 and 3. These two isoforms have been implicated as central mediators of the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). AVID200 avoids inhibition of TGF-beta 2, the isoform that supports normal cardiac function and hematopoiesis.Objectives:This first-in-human study (AVID200-01;NCT03831438) is a Phase 1, open label, multicenter, cohort dose-escalation trial designed to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, pharmacodynamic (PD) effects, target engagement, and preliminary efficacy in patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc).Methods:Eligible patients must have dcSSc of <5 years (y) duration and a modified Rodnan Skin Score (MRSS) ≥15. AVID200 at dose levels of 1, 3, 9, or 15 mg/kg IV is administered every 2 weeks (Q2W) for 6 weeks (3 doses). Patients tolerating dosing and who have not experienced disease worsening during the initial Treatment Period may receive up to 6 additional doses Q2W (Extension Period). The ability of AVID200 to selectively sequester its target is assessed in plasma by TGF-beta quantification per ELISA and a cell-based functional readout. Expression of biomarkers of TGF-beta inhibition and genes correlating with MRSS are assessed.Results:The first 2 dose cohorts have completed treatment: male/female 3 each, median age 61y (range 45-70), median MRSS at baseline 31 (range 23-39). Recruitment into cohort 3 is complete. AVID200 was well tolerated with no dose limiting toxicities or serious adverse events (SAEs). AEs, all considered possibly related, included single cases of Grade 1 dizziness and CPK elevation, and Grade 2 anemia. All patients demonstrated a decline in MRSS at 6 weeks by 3, 4, and 9 points in Cohort 1, and 2, 8, and 9 points in Cohort 2. Four of 6 patients demonstrated continued decrease in MRSS 12 weeks after the last dose, with all patients showing a decline in MRSS relative to baseline at this timepoint by 7, 6, and 7 points in Cohort 1 and 4, 8, and 13 points in Cohort 2. AVID200 in plasma engaged endogenous activated TGF-beta and potently neutralized signaling from exogenous TGF-beta 1 and 3, but not TGF-beta 2, across the treatment period. PD effects in skin biopsies, including expression of markers of SSc activity, TGF-beta activity, and myofibroblast-associated genes were assessed. Five of 6 patients showed decreased expression of PD biomarker genes, THBS1 and MS4A4A, comparing end of treatment biopsies to baseline, and all patients showed a decline in SERPINE1 expression, a marker gene for TGF-beta activity. Clustering of RNA-seq expression data showed close coregulation of COMP, THBS1, SERPINE1, LOXL, COL10A1, COL11A1, COL12A1, CTGF, and CDH11, suggesting that blocking TGF-beta inhibits this group of profibrotic genes. Single-cell sequencing data show that expression of these genes is upregulated by subsets of SSc fibroblasts.Conclusion:AVID200 at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg was well-tolerated in this first study in dcSSc patients. Evidence of anti-fibrotic effects as indicated by rapid, persistent and clinically meaningful declines in MRSS was observed in all patients, as well as AVID200 target engagement and modulation. Recruitment into additional dose and extension cohorts is ongoing. Together, these clinical data support selective TGF-beta 1 and 3 inhibition by AVID200 as a promising therapeutic approach for dcSSc.Disclosure of Interests:Robert Lafyatis Grant/research support from: Forbius, Consultant of: Certa Therapeutics, Forbius, FBM Therapeutics, Robert Spiera Grant/research support from: Roche-Genetech, GSK, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chemocentryx, Corbus, Forbius, Sanofi, Inflarx, Consultant of: Roche-Genetech, GSK, CSL Behring, Sanofi, Janssen, Chemocentryx, Forbius, Mistubishi Tanabe, Robyn Domsic Consultant of: Forbius, Anna Papazoglou: None declared, Colin Ligon Grant/research support from: Forbius, Christina Mae Zinger Morse: None declared, Jean-François Denis Employee of: Forbius, Margaret Davis Employee of: Forbius, Tina Gruosso Employee of: Forbius, Gilles Tremblay Employee of: Forbius, Maureen O’Connor McCourt Employee of: Forbius, Sandra Sinclair Employee of: Forbius, Jonathan Delara Employee of: Forbius, Krista Alvarado Employee of: Forbius, Debra Wood Consultant of: Forbius, Symphogen, Paul Nadler Consultant of: Forbius, Symphogen, Karyopharm, Elizabeth Volkmann Grant/research support from: Forbius, Corbus Pharmaceuticals, Consultant of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Forbius, Speakers bureau: Boehringer Ingelheim
Collapse
|
63
|
Hu X, Deuse T, Gravina A, Wang D, Tediashvili G, De C, Thayer W, Wahl A, Garcia V, Reichenspurner H, Davis M, Lanier L, Schrepfer S. Hypoimmunogenic Derivatives of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Evade Immune Rejection in Fully Immunocompetent Allogeneic Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
|
64
|
Pimiento C, Leprieur F, Silvestro D, Lefcheck JS, Albouy C, Rasher DB, Davis M, Svenning JC, Griffin JN. Functional diversity of marine megafauna in the Anthropocene. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay7650. [PMID: 32494601 PMCID: PMC7164949 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay7650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Marine megafauna, the largest animals in the oceans, serve key roles in ecosystem functioning. Yet, one-third of these animals are at risk of extinction. To better understand the potential consequences of megafaunal loss, here we quantify their current functional diversity, predict future changes under different extinction scenarios, and introduce a new metric [functionally unique, specialized and endangered (FUSE)] that identifies threatened species of particular importance for functional diversity. Simulated extinction scenarios forecast marked declines in functional richness if current trajectories are maintained during the next century (11% globally; up to 24% regionally), with more marked reductions (48% globally; up to 70% at the poles) beyond random expectations if all threatened species eventually go extinct. Among the megafaunal groups, sharks will incur a disproportionate loss of functional richness. We identify top FUSE species and suggest a renewed focus on these species to preserve the ecosystem functions provided by marine megafauna.
Collapse
|
65
|
Dixon RB, Bonaparte J, Greenwood CJ, Davis M, Dasgupta A. Analytical Performance Evaluation of Aptima Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 Assay Using Hologic Panther Instrument. ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE 2020; 50:278-281. [PMID: 32366570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are responsible for a variety of human diseases. Therefore, rapid detection of these viruses in clinical laboratory is important. Recently Aptima Herpes Simplex 1 and 2 assay has been approved by the FDA. We evaluated analytical performance of this assay by comparing results obtained by analysis of cultures. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aptima Herpes Simplex assay is a nucleic acid amplification test that can be fully automated using the Hologic Panther instrument. This is a qualitative test providing either positive or negative result. We analyzed 115 specimens collected from anogenital locations using the new Aptima Herpes Simplex assay and our current tissue culture method. RESULTS We observed good correlation between results obtained by using Aptima assay and the tissue culture method in 101 specimens but 14 specimens showed discordant results. Further testing in a reference laboratory using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) showed results in agreement with the Aptima assay but not the tissue culture method. The cause of discordance was misidentification of HSV-2 as HSV-1 by the tissue culture method. CONCLUSIONS Aptima Herpes simplex assay on the Hologic Panther instrument is suitable for rapid detection of herpes simplex virus in clinical laboratory.
Collapse
|
66
|
Way M, Marquart L, Chambers DC, Hopkins P, Miura K, Jiyad Z, Plasmeijer EI, Ferguson LE, Davis M, Whiteman DC, Soyer HP, O'Rourke P, Green AC. Skin cancer multiplicity in lung transplant recipients: a prospective population-based study. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:503-508. [PMID: 31853948 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung transplant recipients are at high risk of skin cancer, but precise annual incidence rates of treated skin cancers per patient are unknown. OBJECTIVES To perform a prospective assessment of the total burden of histologically confirmed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and associated factors in lung transplant recipients. METHODS A population-based cohort of 125 Queensland lung transplant recipients aged 18 years and over, recruited between 2013 and 2015, were followed to the end of 2016. All underwent dermatological skin examinations at baseline and annually thereafter and patients self-reported all interim treated skin cancers, which were verified against pathology databases. Standard skin cancer risk factors were obtained via questionnaire, and details of medications were acquired from hospital records. RESULTS During a median follow-up time of 1·7 years, 29 (23%) and 30 (24%) lung transplant recipients with a median duration of immunosuppression of 3·3 years developed SCC and BCC, respectively. The general population age-standardized incidence rates of SCC and BCC were 201 and 171 per 1000 person-years, respectively (based on first primary SCC or BCC during follow-up); however, on accounting for multiple primary tumours, corresponding incidence rates were 447 and 281 per 1000 person-years. Risk of multiple SCCs increased around sixfold in those aged ≥ 60 years and in those with previous skin cancer, and increased around threefold in those treated with the antifungal medication voriconazole. Multiple BCC risk rose threefold from age 60 years and tenfold for patients with previous skin cancer. CONCLUSIONS Lung transplant recipients have very high incidence of multiple primary skin cancers. Close surveillance and assiduous prevention measures are essential. Linked Comment: Proby and Harwood. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:416-417.
Collapse
|
67
|
Davis M, Gathorne-Hardy A, Jaacks L. Pesticides and increased food production - a response to Dunn & colleagues . Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2020; 58:1073-1074. [PMID: 32067503 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2020.1722151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
68
|
Coppens S, Deconinck N, Phadke R, Sewry C, Kadhim H, Tay C, Bakshi M, de Silva D, Thomas N, Park S, French C, Ward M, Arens Y, Manzur A, Ravenscroft G, Laing N, Kamsteeg E, Davis M, Muntoni F, Oates E. P.241Congenital titinopathy as a cause of severe to profound congenital weakness and early death. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
69
|
Nouraei H, Virani S, Chu C, Davis M, Ignaszewski A, Toma M. APPROPRIATENESS OF ORAL ANTICOAGULATION USE IN A CONTEMPORARY COHORT OF AMBULATORY HEART FAILURE PATIENTS. Can J Cardiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2019.07.417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
|
70
|
Ravenscroft G, Clayton J, Faiz F, Milnes D, Cincotta R, Moon P, McGrath P, Colley A, Chao K, Laing N, Davis M. O.16Diagnosis of fetal akinesia and arthrogryposis by panel sequencing and functional genomics. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
71
|
Dixon RB, Waggoner D, Davis M, Rembold K, Dasgupta A. Contamination of Some Kratom Products with Salmonella. ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY SCIENCE 2019; 49:675-677. [PMID: 31611214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration investigated the contamination of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) by Salmonella, an event that caused an outbreak in 20 states after its consumption. Therefore, we investigated 16 different bags of kratom submitted for testing for potential contamination with Salmonella and other microorganisms within the Public Health Laboratory for the state of South Carolina. MATERIALS AND METHODS All kratom powders collected were analyzed for potential contamination with bacteria by an in-house modified Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual Salmonella procedure. RESULTS Out of 16 products analyzed, six brands have unknown manufacturers, but manufacturer information was available for the other 10 products. In total, three brands of kratom showed presence of any Salmonella species. CONCLUSIONS Recently analyzed kratom products show a presence of Salmonella.
Collapse
|
72
|
Guerra A, Moses J, Rivera J, Davis M, Hakinson K. A-65 Verbal Abilities May Influence Performance in Assessment of Verbal Short-Term Memory Tasks. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Examine whether verbal abilities may help explain the learning strategies people employ when completing a short-term verbal memory task.
Methods
The assessment records of 296 American Veterans with diverse neuropsychiatric conditions were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analyses. There were no exclusion criteria. All participants completed the Benton Serial Digit Learning Test – 9 Digits (SDL-9) and Visual Naming (VisNam), Sentence Repetition (SenRep), Controlled Word Association (COWA), and Token Tests of the Multilingual Aphasia Examination (MAE). Individual assessment instruments were factored using Principal Component Analyses (PCA). A three-factor solution of the SDL-9 was co-factored with the verbal components of the MAE to identify common sources of variance.
Results
A three-factor solution of the SDL-9 separated trials into three overlapping factors consisting of early (SDL-9_Early), middle (SDL-9_Middle), and late (SDL-9_Late) trials. Co-factoring the three new scales with the verbal components of the MAE produced a four-factor model explaining 67.85% of the shared variance: 1) SenRep loaded with SDL-9_Early, 2) COWAT loaded with SDL-9_Middle and SDL-9_Late, 3) Token loaded with SDL-9_Late, and 4) Vis Nam loaded with SDL-9_Late.
Conclusions
The results suggest that individuals may engage verbal abilities differently as they progress from simpler to more difficult verbal short-term memory tasks. It appears performance in early trials is mostly associated with rote repetition and performance on middle trials is mostly associated with verbal fluency, while performance on the late trials is associated with a combination of verbal fluency, auditory comprehension, and conceptual organization/naming. This may therefore indicate a shift in learning strategy to meet increased cognitive demands.
Collapse
|
73
|
Hakinson K, Moses J, RIvera J, Guerra A, Davis M, Greenman K. A-49 Visual Memory Errors and Intelligence: The Role of Verbal Mediation. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Examine the relationship of verbal mediation with visual memory errors and intelligence to understand the role of spoken language on other assessment measures.
Method
Assessment records were obtained from a Veteran Affairs clinic for veterans (n=100) with diverse neuropsychiatric conditions who completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS-III), Multilingual Aphasia Examination (MAE), and Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to examine the interrelationship among these assessments. The components of spoken language, types of errors on the BVRT, and the four factors of the WAIS-III were factored using the PCA to identify common sources of variance.
Results
A principal component analysis revealed a six-factor model explaining 68.16% of the shared variance among the WAIS-III factors, MAE components, and BVRT Errors. Omission errors loaded with Processing Speed and Controlled Word Association. Distortions and size errors loaded with Perceptual Organization. Size errors also loaded with Verbal Comprehension and Visual Naming. Misplacements loaded with Working Memory and Sentence Repetition. Misplacements, perseverations, and omissions loaded with the Token Test (a measure associated with auditory comprehension). Rotation errors loaded with Perceptual Organization.
Conclusions
Results indicated significant shared variance between visual memory errors, spoken language, and intelligence factors. This suggests that spoken language is involved in the process of visual memory, and deficits in spoken language may result in increased errors on visual memory tasks. Therefore, treatment recommendations for visual memory difficulties should take into consideration verbal capabilities and intelligence factors to better individualize treatment.
Collapse
|
74
|
Davis M, Moses J, Rivera J, Guerra A, Hakinson K. A-53 Exploring the Relationship between Spoken Language and Verbal Short-term Memory Assessment Tasks. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Examine whether performance on spoken language assessment measures may be associated with performance at different phases of verbal learning and recall tasks.
Method
The assessment records of 222 American Veterans with diverse neuropsychiatric conditions were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analyses. There were no exclusion criteria. All participants completed the Visual Naming (VisNam), Sentence Repetition (SenRep), Controlled Word Association (COWA), and Token Tests of the Multilingual Aphasia Examination (MAE), and Benton Serial Digit Learning Test – 8 Digits (SDL8). Individual assessment instruments were factored using Principal Component Analyses (PCA). A three-factor solution of the SDL-8 was co-factored with the spoken language components of the MAE to identify common sources of variance.
Results
A three-factor solution of the SDL8 separated trials into three overlapping factors consisting of early (SDL8_Early), middle (SDL8_Middle), and late (SDL8_Late) trials. Co-factoring the three new scales with the verbal components of the MAE produced a five-factor model explaining 84.563% of the shared variance: 1) SDL8_Early loaded with SenRep, 2) SDL8_Middle loaded with SenRep, 3) SDL8_Late loaded with Token, 4) SDL8_Late loaded with COWA, and 5) VisNam alone formed the fifth factor.
Conclusions
The results suggest that rote repetition is largely associated with early trials and slightly associated with middle trials, while late trials are largely associated with auditory comprehension and slightly associated with verbal fluency. This may be indicative of a shift in use of spoken language abilities to accommodate increasing levels of complexity in presented verbal short-term memory tasks and thus reflective of a change on learning strategy to optimize performance.
Collapse
|
75
|
Rivera J, Moses J, Davis M, Guerra A, Hakinson K. A-52 An Exploratory Factor Analysis Investigation of the Role of Verbal Mediation in the Interaction between Intelligence and Visual Memory Tasks. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.52] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Examine whether verbal mediation may play a role in the interaction between visual memory tasks and the four-factor model of intelligence as operationalized by standard neuropsychological assessment instruments.
Method
The assessment records of 101 American Veterans with diverse neuropsychiatric conditions were examined using Exploratory Factor and Principal Component Analyses (EFA and PCA respectively). There were no exclusion criteria. All participants completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, third edition (WAIS-III), Benton’s Visual Retention Test (BVRT), and Multilingual Aphasia Examination (MAE). Individual assessment instruments were factored using PCA. The factor solution of the BVRT was co-factored with the scales of the WAIS-III, then the resulting factor scales were again factored with the verbal components of the MAE to identify common sources of variance.
Results
A three-step analysis revealed a four-factor model explaining 69.44% of the shared variance: 1) Items 1-4 of the BVRT (BVRT-E) loaded with Verbal Comprehension and Visual Naming. 2) BVRT-E also loaded with Processing Speed and Controlled Word Association. 3) Items 5-10 of the BVRT (BVRT-L) loaded with Perceptual Organization and the Token Test. 4) Working Memory loaded with Sentence Repetition on a fourth factor.
Conclusions
The results indicate a strong relationship between assessed performance on visual memory tasks and performance on measures based on the four-factor model of intelligence. The results also appear to support the idea that verbal mediation plays a role in the interaction between visual memory and intelligence, particularly when comparing performance on simple versus more complex visual memory tasks.
Collapse
|