Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction in Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Subjected to Various Phytosanitary Treatments

Simple Summary

In this study, seven internal reference genes (G6PDH, GAPDH, RPL-32, Rpl-13, Rps-3, α-tub, and 18S) of Bactroceradorsalis under different quarantine treatments (heat treatment, cold treatment, methyl bromide fumigation, and irradiation) were screened. Finally, the most stable internal reference gene was selected, which laid a foundation for the further study of its resistance mechanisms to some abiotic stresses.

Abstract

Bactrocera dorsalis is a major pest that causes serious damage to many fruits. Although phytosanitary treatment methods have been developed for Bactrocera control, there is a lack of information related to the gene expression pattern of B. dorsalis subjected to phytosanitary treatment conditions. Prior to quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of the most stable reference genes in B. dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae), B. dorsalis third-instar larvae were exposed to various phytosanitary treatments; seven candidate reference genes (18S, G6PDH, GAPDH, RPL-13, RPL-32, RPS-3, and α-Tub) were amplified and their expression stabilities were evaluated using geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and RefFinder algorithms. Different reference genes were found under different stress conditions. G6PDH was the most stable gene after heat treatment. After cold treatment, α-Tub exhibited the highest expression stability. G6PDH expression stability was the highest after fumigation with methyl bromide. RPL-32 showed the highest expression stability after irradiation treatment. Collectively, RefFinder analysis results revealed G6PDH and RPL-32 as the most suitable genes for analyzing phytosanitary treatment in B. dorsalis. This study provides an experimental basis for further gene expression analyses in B. dorsalis subjected to various phytosanitary treatments, which can aid in the development of novel phytosanitary treatments against insect pests.

[An optimized protocol of meniscus cell extraction for single-cell RNA sequencing]

OBJECTIVE

To optimize the protocol of meniscus cell extraction to enhance the efficiency of cell suspension preparation and maintain a high cell viability for single-cell RNA sequencing.

METHODS

We compared the efficiency of the routine cell extraction methods (short-time digestion and long-time digestion) and the optimized protocol for obtaining meniscus cell suspensions by evaluating the cell number obtained and the cell viability. Single-cell RNA sequencing datasets were analyzed to evaluate the stability of the cell suspension prepared using the optimized protocol. The reliability of the optimized protocol was assessed by comparing the single-cell RNA sequencing dataset obtained by the optimized protocol with published single-cell RNA sequencing datasets of the meniscus.

RESULTS

The optimized protocol harvested a greater number of cells (over 1×10⁵) than the routine protocols. The cell suspension prepared with the optimized protocol showed a cell viability higher than 80%, the highest among the 3 methods. Analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets showed that the ratio of the mitochondrial genes was below 20% in over 80% of the cells. CD34⁺ cells, MCAM⁺ cells and COL1A1⁺ cells were identified in the datasets. Comparison with the publish datasets showed that the optimized protocol was capable of harvesting COL3A1⁺, COL1A1⁺, MYLK⁺, BMP2⁺, CD93⁺ and CDK1⁺ cells.

CONCLUSION

Single-cell suspension prepared from the meniscus can be stably obtained using the optimized protocol for single-cell RNA sequencing using the 10× Genomics platform.

Immunomodulatory effects of IL-33 and IL-25 in an ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis mouse model

Both interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-25 induce Th2-type cytokine production by various cell types, suggesting that they may contribute to development of allergic disorders, however, the immunomodulatory effects of IL-33 and IL-25 in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) remain unclear. In the present study, anti-IL-33 and anti-IL-25 Abs were administrated intranasally during rechallenge in OVA-induced AR. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by measuring nasal rubbing, sneezing occurrence, serum OVA-specific antibodies, Th2 immune responses, neutrophil, eosinophil and mast cell recruitment into the nasal mucosa. We found that treatment with anti-IL-33 Ab markedly reduced nasal rubbing, sneezing events, Th2 immune responses, serum OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 levels, mucosal neutrophil, eosinophil and mast cell infiltration. In contrast, the effect of IL-25 antagonism was limited to attenuating the Th2 immune responses, and neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration. These observations indicate that IL-33 and IL-25 play a pathogenic role in an established AR mouse model, with a greater contribution of IL-33 than IL-25. Our findings suggest that IL-33 neutralization may be a potential approach for treatment of AR.

[Clinicopathological features of adenocarcinoma of the rete testis]

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype, and differential diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rete testis. Methods: Four adenocarcinoma cases of the rete testis diagnosed at West China Hospital, Chengdu, China (3 cases, including 2 consultation cases) and the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (1 case) between January 2009 and December 2017 were included. Their clinical, morphologic and immunohistochemical features were analyzed using histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining. Related literature was reviewed to reveal the characteristics of this tumor. Results: The 4 patients' age range was 26-64 years. The maximum diameters of the tumors were 3.0 and 4.5 cm in 2 cases, respectively. On gross examination, adenocarcinomas of the rete testis appeared as a solid, white to gray or tan to yellow mass that raised at the hilum of the testis. Microscopically, all tumors showed multiple histologic patterns, including corded/trabecular (4/4), glandular, nested, sarcomatoid (3/4), solid (2/4), papillary, cribriform, and slit-like (1/4). Three types of adenocarcinoma cells included cuboidal to columnar (4/4), polygonal (4/4) and spindle-shaped (2/4) with pale eosinophilic and clear cytoplasm. The tumor cell nuclei appeared moderately to markedly atypical and pleomorphic, with a various number of mitoses. Transition from benign to malignant rete epithelium was seen in all cases. Eosinophilic hyaloid globules were found in 1 case. On immunohistochemical study, the tumor cells were diffusely, strongly positive for CKpan (4/4), EMA (4/4), Ber-EP4 (3/3) and CAⅨ(2/2), and focally positive for CK7 (4/4), vimentin (4/4), CD10 (4/4), PAX8 (3/3), PAX2 (3/3). The Ki-67 proliferative index was all>50% (4/4). The prognosis was poor. Two of the 3 patients died within 1 year after the surgical resection. Conclusions: Adenocarcinoma of the rete testis is a rare malignant tumor with several histologic patterns. Transition from benign to malignant rete epithelium is an important diagnostic clue. Detailed clinical history, tumor growth site and immunohistochemistry are helpful for its diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

[Epithelioid glioblastoma with BRAF V600E mutation: a clinicopathological and molecular study]

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of the epithelioid glioblastoma (eGBM) with BRAF V600E mutation. Methods: Sixteen cases of eGBM with BRAF V600E mutation diagnosed at the West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China from 2012 to 2019 were collected. Their clinicopathological and molecular characteristics were analyzed. Results: The range of patients' age was from 7 to 61 years (median 31.5 years). There were 4 males and 12 females, with a male to female ratio of 1∶3. Eleven cases were newly diagnosed eGBM and five cases had a previous history of astrocytomas. Most of the tumors were located in the cerebral hemisphere, often in the frontal lobe, with an average diameter of 4.6 cm (2.0-8.0 cm). The tumors were composed of relatively uniform, closely packed epithelioid cells, some showing discohesion, with distinct cell membrane, eosinophilic cytoplasm, eccentric nuclei, distinct nucleoli and mitotic activity. Palisaded/coagulative necrosis was seen in all cases. Glomerular microvascular proliferation was seen in most of the cases, while mono-or multi-nucleated tumor giant cells were seen in some cases. Focal sarcomatoid area was seen in 2 cases, and focal pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA)-like area was seen in 3 cases. Immunohistochemistry showed variable positivity for GFAP, Olig2 and p53. The median Ki-67 index was 30% (10%-50%). Only one case lost ATRX protein expression. Sanger sequencing identified the BRAF V600E mutation in all sixteen patients. Five cases also had mutations in the TERT gene promoter. No IDH1 (R132) or IDH2 (R172) mutation was detected. Surgical resection of the tumors was performed for all patients, and 3 patients also received adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Follow-up data were available for 15 patients, with a follow-up time of 1-89 months (median 10 months). Among the 15 patients, 7 patients died of disease and another 5 patients had recurrences. The overall survival time of the patients under 35 years of age was significantly longer than that of the patients aged 35 years or older (P=0.014), but their progression-free survival was not statistically different (P=0.232). Conclusions: eGBM with BRAF V600E mutation is more commonly detected in young women than other the populations (i.e. elderly or male). The epithelioid morphology should include rhabdoid meningioma, anaplastic PXA, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, metastatic tumors, and melanoma in its differential diagnosis. PXA-like area is observed in some eGBM cases, suggesting a relationship of these two types of tumor. eGBM is a high-grade malignant tumor and most of the cases show recurrences or deaths in a short-period time. The younger patients have a relatively better prognosis than the older ones.

Effect of front-of-package nutrition labeling on food purchases: a systematic review

OBJECTIVES

This study systematically reviewed evidence from interventions on the effect of front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labeling on food purchases.

STUDY DESIGN

The study design used in this study is a systematic review.

METHODS

Keyword search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library.

RESULTS

Fifteen studies (10 randomized controlled trials, four pre-post studies, and one case-control study) met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Five studies were conducted in a controlled setting through the establishment of an online virtual supermarket or physical laboratory food store solely for the intervention. In contrast, the remaining ten studies were conducted in a naturalistic setting where people commonly purchase foods (e.g., supermarket, grocery store, school/hospital cafeteria, or vending machine). FOP labels assessed included traffic lights, health star rating, daily intake guides, health warnings, and high sugar symbol labels. Compared with the control, FOP labels were effective for helping participants make healthier food purchase decisions in five of the 12 studies that assessed traffic lights labels, in one of the two studies that assessed health warning labels, and in one study that assessed high sugar symbol labels. Three assessed health star ratings and one assessed daily intake guide labels, but none revealed an effect on food purchases compared with the control.

CONCLUSIONS

Findings on the effectiveness of FOP nutrition labels in 'nudging' consumers toward healthier food purchases remain mixed and inconclusive. Future studies should examine other types of FOP labels beside the traffic lights labels and explore the different effects by consumer affordability, population subgroup, and shopping environment.

First Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Argon

We report the first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on argon using a liquid argon detector at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source. Two independent analyses prefer CEvNS over the background-only null hypothesis with greater than 3σ significance. The measured cross section, averaged over the incident neutrino flux, is (2.2±0.7)×10^{-39}  cm^{2}-consistent with the standard model prediction. The neutron-number dependence of this result, together with that from our previous measurement on CsI, confirms the existence of the CEvNS process and provides improved constraints on nonstandard neutrino interactions.

Genetic variants in long non-coding RNAs UCA1 and NEAT1 were associated with the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is known for its high incidence, death rate, and relatively low 5-year survival. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play a significant role in cancerization and cancer progression. However, research on the association of polymorphisms in these lncRNAs with the prognosis of OSCC is lacking. Fifteen functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven lncRNAs were selected to explore the relationship between these lncRNA SNPs and the prognosis among 209 OSCC patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the associations. Further functional exploration of significant SNPs was done by eQTL analysis. Using multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis, a predictive role of NEAT1 rs3741384 GG and UCA1 rs7255437 TC+TT in a worse prognosis of OSCC was identified. In addition, a marked increased risk of death was observed with an increasing number of unfavourable genotypes (NUG). The NUG was then incorporated with clinical variables in the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the results indicated a potential role of the NUG in predicting OSCC patient risk of death (area under the curve increase from 0.616 to 0.703). In conclusion, the study findings indicate that genetic variants rs3741384 in NEAT and rs7255437 in UCA1 may influence the survival of OSCC patients.

Effect of fenofibrate on diabetic retinopathy in rats via SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway

OBJECTIVE

To explore the influence of fenofibrate on the diabetic retinopathy (DR) in rats via the sirtuin1 (SIRT1)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A total of 30 SD rats were divided into group A (DR group), group B (fenofibrate treatment group) and group C (Healthy group). Rats in group A were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) for 5 days without feeding. After fasting for 2 days, blood was drawn from the tail veins of the rats to measure blood glucose, and blood glucose ≥16.7 mmol/L represented that the model was eligible. Those in group B were injected with STZ and nourished with the mixed feed containing fenofibrate (10 mg/kg). Those in group C were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline and set as negative control group. The retinal structure of rats in the three groups was observed via immunohistochemical staining, and the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was evaluated via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Moreover, the protein expressions of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) and NF-κB were detected using immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting.

RESULTS

According to the immunohistochemical staining results, rats in group C had intact retinal nuclear layer tissues without phenomena such as fracture, disorderly arrangement, blur structures, and nerve fiber layer edema. Those in group A exhibited fracture of retinal nuclear layer tissues, disorderly arranged cells, blur retinal structures at all layers, and a quite evident nerve fiber layer edema. Compared to that in group A, the nerve fiber layer edema in group B was significantly improved. The TUNEL assay results revealed that compared to normal rats in group C, those in group A and group B had apoptotic RGCs. Additionally, the number of apoptotic cells was the largest in group A, and compared to that in group A, it was notably reduced in group B after treatment with fenofibrate. According to the immunofluorescence assay results, after being treated with fenofibrate, rats in group B showed a significantly lower protein expression level of NF-κB in the retina than in group A. Based on the Western blotting detection results, the protein expression level of NF-κB in group B was evidently lower than that in group A, and was the highest in group A and the lowest in group C. Compared to that in group C, the protein expression level of SIRT1 in group B was increased.

CONCLUSIONS

Fenofibrate facilitates the expression of SIRT1 in the retinal tissues to reduce the NF-κB activity, thereby treating DR in rats.

Genetic diversity of mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in swamp buffalo

The swamp buffalo (Bubalus carabanensis) is mainly bred for meat, transport and rice cultivation in China and Southeast Asian countries. In the current study, we investigated the genetic diversity, maternal origin and phylogenetic relationship of swamp buffalo by analyzing 1,786 mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) sequences from China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, India and Bangladesh. Our results indicated that the swamp buffalo can be divided into two major lineages (SA and SB with the sublineages) and three rare lineages (SC, SD and SE), which showed strong geographic differentiation. The SA1 lineage represented a major domestication event, which involved population expansion. Regions III and V showed higher haplotype diversity than the other regions, indicating that the regions of Southwest China and IndoChina are potential domestication centers for the swamp buffalo. In addition, the swamp buffalo showed a closer phylogenetic relationship to tamaraw. In conclusion, our findings revealed a high level of genetic diversity and the phylogenetic pattern of the swamp buffalo.

Sapphire Fabry-Perot interferometer for high-temperature pressure sensing

An adhesive-free encapsulation sapphire Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) is proposed and demonstrated for high-temperature pressure measurements. The sapphire FPI sensor is packaged by zirconia ferrules and a zirconia sleeve, which is easy to be configured and low in cost. Owing to this packaging technology, the sapphire FPI sensor presents good stability and high temperature resistance. The pressure and temperature properties of the sapphire FPI sensor are investigated within a temperature range from -50^∘C to 1200°C and a pressure range from 0.4 to 4.0 MPa. Experimental results show the FPI has a temperature sensitivity of 23 pm/°C and still works as the temperature is up to 1200°C. Meanwhile, the wavelength shift of the sapphire FPI versus the applied pressure is linear at each tested temperature. The pressure sensitivity is measured to be 1.20 nm/MPa at 1200°C, and the linear response shows the proposed sensor has good repeatability within 0.4-4.0 MPa. Such a sapphire FPI sensor has potential applications in engineering areas, such as the oil industry and gas boilers.

AB0835 THE IMPACT OF ADALIMUMAB VS PLACEBO ON PATIENT-REPORTED OUTCOMES AND UTILITY MEASURES AMONG PATIENTS WITH MODERATELY TO SEVERELY ACTIVE PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

Background:

Physical function and health-related quality of life(HRQoL) are negatively impacted in patients(pts) with PsA. Treatment with conventional and biological (b) DMARDs improved patient-reported outcomes(PROs).

Objectives:

To assess impact of adalimumab(ADA) vs placebo(PBO) on PROs following 12-week (wk) treatment.

Methods:

Pts(n=315) with moderately to severely active PsA and bDMARD naive were randomized to ADA 40mg or PBO every other wk. We assessed PROs at baseline(BL) and wk 12 using the 36-item Short-Form(SF-36) Health Survey physical(PCS) and mental component summary(MCS) scores, 8 domain scores ranging from 0(worst) to 100(best), and SF-6D utility measure derived from all 8 SF-36 domains with scores ranging from 0.296(worst) to 1.00(full health) and minimally important difference(MID) of 0.041. Patient Global Assessment of disease activity(PtGA) and pain(both utilizing 100 mm visual analog scale[VAS]) and HAQ disability index(DI) were assessed. Mean changes from BL, percentages of pts with improvements ≥minimum clinically important differences(MCID), and scores ≥US age-and gender-matched normative values(A/G norms) were analyzed, based on as observed data.Pvalues were assessed by analysis of variance model for continuous variables andCochran–Mantel–Haenszeltest for binary outcomes, adjusting by baseline MTX use and extent of psoriasis. Numbers needed to treat(NNTs) are reported using proportions of pts reporting improvements ≥MCID in SF-36, PtGA, pain, and HAQ-DI.

Results:

BL PRO scores were similar between ADA(n=151) and PBO(n=162;Table 1). Improvements from BL at wk 12 with ADA vs PBO were significant in PtGA, pain, HAQ-DI, and SF-36 PCS(change: 9.3 vs 1.4;P<0.001) but not in SF-36 MCS(1.6 vs 1.2;Table 1). Six of 8 SF-36 domains significantly improved from BL to wk 12 with ADA vs PBO(allP≤0.05;Table 1andFigure 1). SF-6D improvements exceeded MID with ADA(change: 0.071) vs PBO(0.018). Proportions of pts reporting improvements ≥MCID at wk 12 were significantly greater with ADA vs PBO in all PROs, except SF-36 role emotional and mental health domains, with corresponding NNTs ≤6.4(Figure 2). Proportions of pts who reported scores ≥A/G norms in HAQ-DI, SF-36 PCS, and 6 of 8 SF-36 domains were significantly greater with ADA vs PBO(Figure 2).

Table 1.

Mean Disease Characteristics and SF-36 Domain Scores by Treatment Group at Baseline and Wk 12 Compared With Age-and Gender-Matched Normative Values

ADA 40 mg eowPBOA/G normsBaselineWeek 12[change from baseline to week 12]BaselineWeek 12[change from baseline to week 12]SF-36 PCS33.242.5[9.3**]33.334.7[1.4]≥50SF-36 MCS48.149.8[1.6]46.648.4[1.2]≥50SF-6D0.6530.724[0.071]0.6410.659[0.018]—PtGA47.125.9[–21.7**]48.147.5[0.2]—Pt pain51.126.8[–24.1**]48.849.1[1.3]—HAQ-DI1.00.6[–0.4**]1.00.9[–0.1]≤0.25Baseline(vs A/G norms)Week 12(vs A/G norms)Baseline(vs A/G norms)Week 12(vs A/G norms)Physical Functioning50.8(−31.5)65.9***(−16.4)48.2(−34.1)52.0(−30.3)82.3Role Physical37.1(−45.9)65.9***(−17.1)32.6(−50.4)40.6(−42.4)83.0Bodily Pain41.3(−31.6)61.0***(−11.9)40.2(−32.7)43.7(−29.2)72.9General Health49.5(−20.8)62.1***(−8.2)52.1(−18.2)53.0(−17.3)70.3Vitality41.4(−17.8)55.1***(−4.1)41.6(−17.6)45.0(−14.2)59.2Social Functioning66.3(−19.0)77.8†(−7.5)61.7(−23.6)66.7(−18.6)85.3Role Emotional65.1(−23.4)70.4(−18.1)59.1(−29.4)66.0(−22.5)88.5Mental Health67.6(−8.5)72.9(−3.2)64.9(−11.2)67.3(−8.8)76.1

ADA, adalimumab; A/G norm, age-and gender-matched normative value; eow, every other week; DI, disability index; MCS, mental component summary; MID, minimally important difference; PBO, placebo; PCS, physical component summary; PtGA, Patient Global Assessment of disease activity; SF-36, 36-item Short-Form Health Survey; SF-6D, Short-Form 6D.

SF-6D MID=0.041.

Statistical analysis ADA vs PBO:†P<0.05; *P<0.01; **P<0.001; ***P<0.0001.

Conclusion:

Statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements and scores ≥A/G norms(higher definition of response) at week 12 were reported with ADA vs PBO in pts with moderately to severely active PsA.

Disclosure of Interests:

Vibeke Strand Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Celltrion, Consortium of Rheumatology Researchers of North America, Crescendo Bioscience, Eli Lilly, Genentech/Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Hospira, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Sanofi, UCB, Pankaj Patel Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, Naijun Chen Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc, Employee of: AbbVie Inc, Elizabeth Lesser Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc, Employee of: AbbVie Inc

THU0375 IMPROVEMENTS IN GLOBAL FUNCTIONING AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY AND FUNCTIONAL IMPROVEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ACTIVE ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS TREATED WITH UPADACITINIB: RESULTS FROM THE SELECT-AXIS 1 TRIAL

Background:

Upadacitinib (UPA) has been shown to be effective in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) [1]. However, improvements in global functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in these patients, and their relationship with established clinical response measures have not been fully characterized.

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of UPA on the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society Health Index (ASAS HI) and Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire and quantify incremental improvements in ASAS HI and ASQoL response in patients achieving established AS disease activity and physical function improvements at Week (Wk) 14.

Methods:

This was a post-hoc analysis of the SELECT-AXIS 1 trial [1]. Patients received either UPA 15 mg once daily or placebo (PBO) for 14 wks. Mean change in ASAS HI and ASQoL from baseline (BL) to Wks 4, 8 and 14 for UPA and PBO were calculated and UPA vs PBO responses were compared. Changes in ASAS HI and ASQoL above the minimum clinically important difference (MCID ≥3-point improvement for both measures) and ASAS HI ‘good health state’ (ASAS HI score ≤5) at Wk 14 were determined. Changes from BL in ASAS HI and ASQoL were assessed within the combined UPA and PBO group reaching established improvement thresholds across AS clinical response measures (ASAS response criteria, ASDAS improvement criteria, and BASFI MCID) at Wk 14. Mean ASAS HI and ASQoL changes across groups within each measure and magnitude of ASAS HI and ASQoL change between responders and non-responders were compared.

Results:

UPA treatment resulted in significant improvement from BL in ASAS HI and ASQoL at Wk 14 with more patients achieving a MCID and ASAS HI good health state vs PBO (Table). Significant improvements were observed earlier for ASAS HI than for ASQoL, starting at Wk 4. At Wk 14, achievement of clinical improvement thresholds was associated with increasing improvements in both ASAS HI and ASQoL scores (Figures 1 and 2). The magnitude of improvement between the best and worst response categories was greater for ASAS HI than ASQoL: 43-fold vs 7-fold for ASAS response, 5-fold vs 3.8-fold for ASDAS improvement, and 34-fold vs 10.4-fold for BASFI MCID achievement.

Table.

ASAS HI and ASQoL Outcomes at Week 14

ASAS HIASQoLOutcomeUPA(n=93)PBO(n=94)UPA(n=93)PBO(n=94)LSM change from baseline-2.8a-1.4-4.2a-2.7Achievement of MCID (≥3-point improvement)c, n/N (%)38/85 (44.7)b24/89 (27.0)51/83 (61.4)b37/86 (43.0)ASAS HI good health state (ASAS HI score ≤5)d, n/N (%)33/74 (44.6)b15/71 (21.1)NANA

ap<0.05 vs PBO based on mixed-effects model for repeated measures

bp<0.05 vs PBO based on Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test with non-responder imputation

cIn patients with ASAS HI/ASQoL score ≥3 at baseline

dIn patients with ASAS HI >5 at baseline

LSM, least squares mean; NA, not applicable

Conclusion:

UPA treatment in patients with active AS resulted in clinically meaningful improvements vs PBO in global functioning and HRQoL as measured by ASAS HI and ASQoL, with both measures showing discriminatory ability. Earlier UPA vs PBO response and greater magnitude of change across known clinical response groups suggests that ASAS HI may demonstrate greater responsiveness and ability to capture improvements in AS disease activity and physical function achieved with treatment.

References:

[1]van der Heijde D, et al.Lancet2019;394:2108–17.

Acknowledgments:

Financial support for the study was provided by AbbVie. AbbVie participated in interpretation of data, review, and approval of the abstract. All authors contributed to development of the abstract and maintained control over final content. Medical writing services, provided by Joann Hettasch of JK Associates Inc., were funded by AbbVie.

Disclosure of Interests:

Uta Kiltz Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Novartis, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Biocad, Eli Lilly and Company, Grünenthal, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Joachim Sieper Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB Pharma, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, and UCB Pharma, Atul Deodhar Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, GSK, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myer Squibb (BMS), Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myer Squibb (BMS), Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Patrick Zueger Shareholder of: AbbVie, Employee of: AbbVie, In-Ho Song Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc., Employee of: AbbVie Inc., Naijun Chen Shareholder of: AbbVie Inc, Employee of: AbbVie Inc, Désirée van der Heijde Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas, AstraZeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Cyxone, Daiichi, Eisai, Eli-Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, UCB Pharma; Director of Imaging Rheumatology BV