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Hallifax R, Mitchell J, Corcoran J, Psallidas I, Rahman N, Belcher E. P175 Measurement Of Air Leak Post-thoracic Surgery: Implications For Medical Management Of Pneumothorax. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wrightson J, Wray J, Street T, Chapman S, Crook D, Rahman N. S113 Predictors Of Bacterial 'load' In Pleural Infection. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wrightson J, Crook D, Rahman N, Chapman S. S42 Safety And Acceptability Of Bedside Ultrasound-guided Transthoracic Lung Needle Aspiration (tlna) In Pneumonia. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wrightson J, Wray J, Street T, Chapman S, Crook D, Rahman N. S114 Previously Unrecognised Oral Anaerobes In Pleural Infection. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gerhardt SP, Erickson K, Kaita R, Lawson J, Mozulay R, Mueller D, Que W, Rahman N, Schneider H, Smalley G, Tresemer K. Magnetic diagnostics for equilibrium reconstruction and realtime plasma control in NSTX-Upgrade. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11E807. [PMID: 25430372 DOI: 10.1063/1.4889781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes aspects of magnetic diagnostics for realtime control in National Spherical Torus Experiment-Upgrade (NSTX-U). The sensor arrangement on the upgraded center column is described. New analog and digital circuitry for processing the plasma current Rogowski data are presented. An improved algorithm for estimating the plasma vertical velocity for feedback control is presented.
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Dyer M, Vereecken W, Worrall J, George A, Rahman N. Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Testing for Brca Mutations in Women Diagnosed with Ovarian Cancer and their Female First-Degree Relatives: A Uk Health Service Perspective. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A643-A644. [PMID: 27202307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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George A, Smith F, Cloke V, Gore M, Hanson H, Banerjee S, Rahman N. Implementation of Routine Brca Gene Testing of Ovarian Cancer (Oc) Patients at Royal Marsden Hospital. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu338.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Teh E, Mitchell J, Gleeson F, Rahman N, Black E, Belcher E. P-157 * IMPACT ON SERVICE OF A CHANGE IN OXFORD UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS LUNG CANCER FOLLOW-UP PROTOCOL. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu167.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Rahman N, Murphy CC. Impact of intracameral cefuroxime on the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery in Ireland. Ir J Med Sci 2014; 184:395-8. [PMID: 24846749 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-014-1127-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative endophthalmitis (PE) is a rare complication of cataract surgery, but carries a significant risk of blindness. The European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons published a landmark study in 2007 that revealed the use of intracameral cefuroxime as prophylaxis against endophthalmitis reduced its incidence by fivefold. Since the publication of these results, the use of intracameral cefuroxime in cataract surgery has become a standard practice in many institutions, including our own. AIM To identify the incidence rate of PE among patients undergoing cataract surgery over the 4-year period following the introduction of prophylactic intracameral cefuroxime for cataract surgery. METHODS A retrospective case note review of all cases of postoperative endophthalmitis that occurred between 2007 and 2011 was performed. Our results were compared with an earlier report on PE incidence rates from our institution that was conducted prior to the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime and published in 2001. RESULTS There were five reported cases of endophthalmitis from 2007 to 2011 from a total of 8,239 cataract procedures, giving an incidence rate of 0.06%. This compares with an incidence rate of 0.49% in the earlier study prior to the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime and represents an eightfold reduction in the incidence of PE at our hospital. Of the five cases, three were confirmed on culture and sensitivity (two of which were due to Coagulase negative staphylococci and one due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa). CONCLUSION The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis has reduced by approximately eightfold since the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime following cataract surgery at our hospital in 2007. This study strongly supports the use of intracameral cefuroxime as prophylaxis against endophthalmitis in all cataract surgical cases.
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Plöckinger U, Tiling N, Blankenstein O, Weizsäcker KV, Allolio B, Kroiss M, Hauptmann K, Saeger W, Radke C, Steinmüller T, Rahman N, Chrusciel M, Doroszko M, Lacroix A, Huhtaniemi I, Quinkler M. Transient pregnancy-induced Cushing's Syndrome with Aberrant Adrenal hCG receptor. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1372154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Teh E, Mitchell J, Gleeson F, Rahman N, Black E, Belcher E. 195 Impact on service of a change in Oxford lung cancer follow-up protocol. Lung Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(14)70195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Mishra EK, Corcoran J, Hallifax R, Stradling J, Maskell N, Rahman N. P210 Defining the minimal important difference for the visual analogue scale for dyspnoea in patients with malignant pleural effusions. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Penz E, Mishra E, Davies H, Manns B, Miller RF, Rahman N. S79 Comparing the quality of life and cost-effectiveness of indwelling pleural catheter vs. talc pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Sarvananthan S, Rahman N, Ainsworth Q, Evans R, Grebenik K, Gibson F, Hill E, Keiralla A, Palin C, Pigott D, Black E, Belcher E. P-118IMPACT OF INTER-OBSERVER VARIABILITY ON THORACOSCORE RISK STRATIFICATION. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivt288.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Robertson L, Hanson H, Seal S, Warren-Perry M, Hughes D, Howell I, Turnbull C, Houlston R, Shanley S, Butler S, Evans DG, Ross G, Eccles D, Tutt A, Rahman N. BRCA1 testing should be offered to individuals with triple-negative breast cancer diagnosed below 50 years. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:1234-8. [PMID: 22333603 PMCID: PMC3304410 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative (TN) tumours are the predominant breast cancer subtype in BRCA1 mutation carriers. Recently, it was proposed that all individuals below 50 years of age with TN breast cancer should be offered BRCA testing. We have evaluated the BRCA1 mutation frequency and the implications for clinical practice of undertaking genetic testing in women with TN breast cancer. METHODS We undertook BRCA1 mutation analysis in 308 individuals with TN breast cancer, 159 individuals from unselected series of breast cancer and 149 individuals from series ascertained on the basis of young age and/or family history. RESULTS BRCA1 mutations were present in 45 out of 308 individuals. Individuals with TN cancer <50 years had >10% likelihood of carrying a BRCA1 mutation in both the unselected (11 out of 58, 19%) and selected (26 out of 111, 23%) series. However, over a third would not have been offered testing using existing criteria. We estimate that testing all individuals with TN breast cancer <50 years would generate an extra 1200 tests annually in England. CONCLUSION Women with TN breast cancer diagnosed below 50 years have >10% likelihood of carrying a BRCA1 mutation and are therefore eligible for testing in most centres. However, implementation may place short-term logistical and financial burdens on genetic services.
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Franklin JM, Rahman N, Gleeson FV. The clinician's response to a report of an incidental pulmonary embolism detected on multidetector CT. Postgrad Med J 2011; 87:746-9. [DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2011.118497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Momen MA, Haque MM, Akhter S, Ahmed M, Rabbani MG, Rahman N. Penile agenesis in adult. Mymensingh Med J 2011; 20:493-496. [PMID: 21804518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Penile agenesis (PA) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly with profound surgical and psychosocial consequences. Only seventy five cases have been reported in the literature, the highest age of presentation known seven years. We present a twenty six years old otherwise normal aphallic male with attraction to female sex and night emission through anus. The patient did not agree to the female gender assignment and functioning phallic reconstruction is practically unavailable. Early female gender assignment and feminizing perineal reconstruction (Vaginoplasty) in neonatal cases is the technically easier goal of treatment. Late presenting cases add difficulty to debated decision making of gender assignment.
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Turnbull C, Rahman N. Genome-wide association studies provide new insights into the genetic basis of testicular germ-cell tumour. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 34:e86-96; discussion e96-7. [PMID: 21623831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2011.01162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Testicular germ-cell tumour (TGCT) is the most common cancer in young men, and genetic epidemiological studies suggest that the disease has a strong genetic basis. Until 2009, very little of this genetic component had been explained. Genome-wide association studies have since identified eight SNPs at six loci which together account for approximately 15% of the genetic risk of TGCT and offer novel biological insights into testicular germ-cell oncogenesis. In this review, we summarize the genetic epidemiology of TGCT, detail the contribution genome-wide association studies have made to our understanding of the genetic basis of TGCT and reflect on how future technological advances may assist in revealing the remaining genetic factors underlying TGCT susceptibility.
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Shastri V, Rahman N, Martin I, Langer R. Application of Conductive Polymers in Bone Regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-550-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe role of electromagnetism in the physiology of the human body and in the healing process is well accepted. Electroactive polymers, such as electrically conducting polymers, by virtue of their susceptibility to either electrical, mechanical, optical or thermal phenomena, could be utilized as an interface between the external world and the physiological environment1. In this study we have evaluated the utility of polypyrrole (PPy)-a conductive polymer, as an interactive substrate for inducing differentiation in bovine bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). It was observed, the PPy is an excellent substrate for BMSC attachment, proliferation and differentiation. Furthermore, an application of an electrical stimulus (ES) to BMSC via PPy substrate was found to enhance the osteogenic commitment of these cells.
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Slade I, Bacchelli C, Davies H, Murray A, Abbaszadeh F, Hanks S, Barfoot R, Burke A, Chisholm J, Hewitt M, Jenkinson H, King D, Morland B, Pizer B, Prescott K, Saggar A, Side L, Traunecker H, Vaidya S, Ward P, Futreal PA, Vujanic G, Nicholson AG, Sebire N, Turnbull C, Priest JR, Pritchard-Jones K, Houlston R, Stiller C, Stratton MR, Douglas J, Rahman N. DICER1 syndrome: clarifying the diagnosis, clinical features and management implications of a pleiotropic tumour predisposition syndrome. J Med Genet 2011; 48:273-8. [DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.083790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Wilson JRF, Bateman AC, Hanson H, An Q, Evans G, Rahman N, Jones JL, Eccles DM. A novel HER2-positive breast cancer phenotype arising from germline TP53 mutations. J Med Genet 2010; 47:771-4. [PMID: 20805372 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2010.078113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Li-Fraumeni Syndrome is caused by a germline TP53 mutation and is associated with a high risk of breast cancer at young ages. Basal (triple negative) breast cancers are now well recognised to be a typical sub-type of breast cancer developing in a large proportion of BRCA1 gene carriers. We considered whether a similar narrow sub-type of breast cancer was found in TP53 gene mutation carriers. OBJECTIVE A hypothesis generating study to investigate whether there are specific breast tumour characteristics associated with germline TP53 mutations. METHODS Pathological characteristics in 12 breast cancers arising in nine patients carrying pathogenic TP53 mutations were compared to a reference panel of 231 young onset breast tumours included in the POSH study. RESULTS Patients carrying a TP53 mutation showed a significantly higher likelihood of developing a breast cancer with Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor (HER2) amplification (83%) when compared to the cohort of young onset breast cancer cases (16%); ER and PR status were equivalent between groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that breast cancer developing on a background of an inherited TP53 mutation is highly likely to present with amplification of HER2.
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Rahman N, Hitchcock R. Case report of paediatric oxalate urolithiasis and a review of enteric hyperoxaluria. J Pediatr Urol 2010; 6:112-6. [PMID: 19664961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2009.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The formation of renal calculi secondary to enteric hyperoxaluria is rare in the paediatric population. We present the case of an 8-year-old boy who had short bowel syndrome resulting in enteric hyperoxaluria which led to the development of urolithiasis and bilateral ureteric strictures, both of which resolved with medical management. We also review the literature on enteric hyperoxaluria.
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Rahman N, Chouhan J, Gould S, Joseph V, Grant H, Hitchcock R, Johnson P, Lakhoo K. Rectal biopsy for Hirschsprung's disease--are we performing too many? Eur J Pediatr Surg 2010; 20:95-7. [PMID: 20397119 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal biopsy is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of rectal biopsies performed in our institution, and to determine whether we are performing an adequate number of biopsies in patients presenting with features suggestive of this disease. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted of patients who underwent rectal biopsy to exclude Hirschsprung's disease over a seven year period between 2000 and 2006. The histological diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease was made using haematoxylin and eosin as well as acetylcholinesterase on frozen section. Patients were grouped into three age categories: neonates (group A), infants (group B) and those over 1 year of age (group C). The results of the biopsies were compared between groups. RESULTS A total of 668 patients underwent rectal biopsy. 18 samples were insufficient. Based on the histological studies of 650 suitable samples, 73 (11%) were positive and 577 (89%) were negative for Hirschsprung's disease. Of the 73 positive biopsies, 34 (47%) were from group A, 20 (27%) from group B and 19 (26%) from group C. The percentage of positive biopsies was much higher in group A with 29% (34 out of 118) compared to group B with 15% (20 out of 135) and group C with 5% (19 out of 395). Three complications of minor rectal bleeding occurred. CONCLUSIONS With 3 complications and 18 insufficient samples out of 668, rectal biopsy is a safe procedure and remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease, despite the large number of negative biopsies. Contrary to some reports in the literature which question the need for rectal biopsy in those presenting after the neonatal period, 53% of our positive diagnoses were made in children presenting after this period, with 19 positive biopsies out of 395 (5%) performed in children above the age of 1 year.
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Srivastava G, Rahman N, Elsandabesee D, Kumaranayakan P. Hyperlipidaemic pancreatitis in pregnancy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2010; 30:59-60. [PMID: 20121509 DOI: 10.3109/01443610903390999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rogers S, Rahman N, Ryan D, Flint S, Healy C, Stassen LFA. Guidelines for treating patients taking bisphosphonates prior to dental extractions. JOURNAL OF THE IRISH DENTAL ASSOCIATION 2010; 56:40. [PMID: 20337145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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