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Sutherlin DP, Baker S, Bisconte A, Blaney PM, Brown A, Chan BK, Chantry D, Castanedo G, DePledge P, Goldsmith P, Goldstein DM, Hancox T, Kaur J, Knowles D, Kondru R, Lesnick J, Lucas MC, Lewis C, Murray J, Nadin AJ, Nonomiya J, Pang J, Pegg N, Price S, Reif K, Safina BS, Salphati L, Staben S, Seward EM, Shuttleworth S, Sohal S, Sweeney ZK, Ultsch M, Waszkowycz B, Wei B. Potent and selective inhibitors of PI3Kδ: Obtaining isoform selectivity from the affinity pocket and tryptophan shelf. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4296-302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Revised: 05/03/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Fleming JM, Ginsburg E, Oliver SD, Goldsmith P, Vonderhaar BK. Hornerin, an S100 family protein, is functional in breast cells and aberrantly expressed in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:266. [PMID: 22727333 PMCID: PMC3464886 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence suggests an emerging role for S100 protein in breast cancer and tumor progression. These ubiquitous proteins are involved in numerous normal and pathological cell functions including inflammatory and immune responses, Ca2+ homeostasis, the dynamics of cytoskeleton constituents, as well as cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. Our previous proteomic analysis demonstrated the presence of hornerin, an S100 family member, in breast tissue and extracellular matrix. Hornerin has been reported in healthy skin as well as psoriatic and regenerating skin after wound healing, suggesting a role in inflammatory/immune response or proliferation. In the present study we investigated hornerin’s potential role in normal breast cells and breast cancer. Methods The expression levels and localization of hornerin in human breast tissue, breast tumor biopsies, primary breast cells and breast cancer cell lines, as well as murine mammary tissue were measured via immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis and PCR. Antibodies were developed against the N- and C-terminus of the protein for detection of proteolytic fragments and their specific subcellular localization via fluorescent immunocytochemisty. Lastly, cells were treated with H2O2 to detect changes in hornerin expression during induction of apoptosis/necrosis. Results Breast epithelial cells and stromal fibroblasts and macrophages express hornerin and show unique regulation of expression during distinct phases of mammary development. Furthermore, hornerin expression is decreased in invasive ductal carcinomas compared to invasive lobular carcinomas and less aggressive breast carcinoma phenotypes, and cellular expression of hornerin is altered during induction of apoptosis. Finally, we demonstrate the presence of post-translational fragments that display differential subcellular localization. Conclusions Our data opens new possibilities for hornerin and its proteolytic fragments in the control of mammary cell function and breast cancer.
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Safina BS, Baker S, Baumgardner M, Blaney PM, Chan BK, Chen YH, Cartwright MW, Castanedo G, Chabot C, Cheguillaume AJ, Goldsmith P, Goldstein DM, Goyal B, Hancox T, Handa RK, Iyer PS, Kaur J, Kondru R, Kenny JR, Krintel SL, Li J, Lesnick J, Lucas MC, Lewis C, Mukadam S, Murray J, Nadin AJ, Nonomiya J, Padilla F, Palmer WS, Pang J, Pegg N, Price S, Reif K, Salphati L, Savy PA, Seward EM, Shuttleworth S, Sohal S, Sweeney ZK, Tay S, Tivitmahaisoon P, Waszkowycz B, Wei B, Yue Q, Zhang C, Sutherlin DP. Discovery of novel PI3-kinase δ specific inhibitors for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: taming CYP3A4 time-dependent inhibition. J Med Chem 2012; 55:5887-900. [PMID: 22626259 DOI: 10.1021/jm3003747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PI3Kδ is a lipid kinase and a member of a larger family of enzymes, PI3K class IA(α, β, δ) and IB (γ), which catalyze the phosphorylation of PIP2 to PIP3. PI3Kδ is mainly expressed in leukocytes, where it plays a critical, nonredundant role in B cell receptor mediated signaling and provides an attractive opportunity to treat diseases where B cell activity is essential, e.g., rheumatoid arthritis. We report the discovery of novel, potent, and selective PI3Kδ inhibitors and describe a structural hypothesis for isoform (α, β, γ) selectivity gained from interactions in the affinity pocket. The critical component of our initial pharmacophore for isoform selectivity was strongly associated with CYP3A4 time-dependent inhibition (TDI). We describe a variety of strategies and methods for monitoring and attenuating TDI. Ultimately, a structure-based design approach was employed to identify a suitable structural replacement for further optimization.
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Davies DJ, Crowe M, Lucas N, Quinn J, Miller DD, Pritchard S, Grose D, Bettini E, Calcinaghi N, Virginio C, Abberley L, Goldsmith P, Michel AD, Chessell IP, Kew JNC, Miller ND, Gunthorpe MJ. A novel series of benzimidazole NR2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:2620-3. [PMID: 22366657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 01/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel benzimidazoles are discussed as NR2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. High throughput screening (HTS) efforts identified a number of potent and selective NR2B antagonists such as 1. Exploration of the substituents around the core of this template identified a number of compounds with high potency for NR2B (pIC(50) >7) and good selectivity against the NR2A subunit (pIC(50) <4.3) as defined by FLIPR-Ca(2+) and radioligand binding studies. These agents offer potential for the development of therapeutics for a range of nervous system disorders including chronic pain, neurodegeneration, migraine and major depression.
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Donnan EJ, Fielding JE, Gregory JE, Lalor K, Rowe S, Goldsmith P, Antoniou M, Fullerton KE, Knope K, Copland JG, Bowden DS, Tracy SL, Hogg GG, Tan A, Adamopoulos J, Gaston J, Vally H. A multistate outbreak of hepatitis A associated with semidried tomatoes in Australia, 2009. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 54:775-81. [PMID: 22238166 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cir949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large outbreak of hepatitis A affected individuals in several Australian states in 2009, resulting in a 2-fold increase in cases reported to state health departments compared with 2008. Two peaks of infection occurred (April-May and September-November), with surveillance data suggesting locally acquired infections from a widely distributed food product. METHODS Two case-control studies were completed. Intensive product trace-back and food sampling was undertaken. Genotyping was conducted on virus isolates from patient serum and food samples. Control measures included prophylaxis for close contacts, public health warnings, an order by the chief health officer under the Victorian Food Act 1984, and trade-level recalls on implicated batches of semidried tomatoes. RESULTS A multijurisdictional case-control study in April-May found an association between illness and consumption of semidried tomatoes (odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% CI 1.4-6.7). A second case-control study conducted in Victoria in October-November also implicated semidried tomatoes as being associated with illness (OR, 10.3; 95% CI, 4.7-22.7). Hepatitis A RNA was detected in 22 samples of semidried tomatoes. Hepatitis A virus genotype IB was identified in 144 of 153 (94%) patients tested from 2009, and partial sequence analysis showed complete identity with an isolate found in a sample of semidried tomatoes. CONCLUSIONS The results of both case-control studies and food testing implicated the novel vehicle of semidried tomatoes as the cause of this hepatitis A outbreak. The outbreak was extensive and sustained despite public health interventions, the design and implementation of which were complicated by limitations in food testing capability and complex supply chains.
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Lavender T, Goldsmith P, Whittaker R, Schwab U. Botulism, recreational drug use revisited: inhalational poisoning or wound infection? J Infect 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2011.04.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Langer W, Velusamy T, Pineda J, Goldsmith P, Li D, Yorke H. Galactic Observations of Terahertz C+(GOT C+): [CII] Detection of Warm “Dark Gas” in the ISM. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1051/eas/1152026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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58
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Heffron TP, Wei B, Olivero A, Staben ST, Tsui V, Do S, Dotson J, Folkes AJ, Goldsmith P, Goldsmith R, Gunzner J, Lesnick J, Lewis C, Mathieu S, Nonomiya J, Shuttleworth S, Sutherlin DP, Wan NC, Wang S, Wiesmann C, Zhu BY. Rational Design of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase α Inhibitors That Exhibit Selectivity over the Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase β Isoform. J Med Chem 2011; 54:7815-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jm2007084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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59
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Allan AC, Billinton A, Brown SH, Chowdhury A, Eatherton AJ, Fieldhouse C, Giblin GM, Goldsmith P, Hall A, Hurst DN, Naylor A, Rawlings DA, Sime M, Scoccitti T, Theobald PJ. Discovery of a novel series of nonacidic benzofuran EP1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:4343-8. [PMID: 21676612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cassidy AJ, Williams ER, Goldsmith P, Baker SN, Baker MR. The man who could not walk backward: an unusual presentation of neuroferritinopathy. Mov Disord 2011; 26:362-4. [PMID: 21294155 PMCID: PMC3060939 DOI: 10.1002/mds.23415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ginsburg E, Alexander S, Lieber S, Tarplin S, Jenkins L, Pang L, Heger CD, Goldsmith P, Vonderhaar BK. Characterization of ductal and lobular breast carcinomas using novel prolactin receptor isoform specific antibodies. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:678. [PMID: 21144038 PMCID: PMC3009681 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone responsible for proliferation and differentiation of the mammary gland. More recently, prolactin's role in mammary carcinogenesis has been studied with greater interest. Studies from our laboratory and from others have demonstrated that three specific isoforms of the prolactin receptor (PRLR) are expressed in both normal and cancerous breast cells and tissues. Until now, reliable isoform specific antibodies have been lacking. We have prepared and characterized polyclonal antibodies against each of the human PRLR isoforms that can effectively be used to characterize human breast cancers. METHODS Rabbits were immunized with synthetic peptides of isoform unique regions and immune sera affinity purified prior to validation by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses. Sections of ductal and lobular carcinomas were stained with each affinity purified isoform specific antibody to determine expression patterns in breast cancer subclasses. RESULTS We show that the rabbit antibodies have high titer and could specifically recognize each isoform of PRLR. Differences in PRLR isoform expression levels were observed and quantified using histosections from xenografts of established human breast cancer cells lines, and ductal and lobular carcinoma human biopsy specimens. In addition, these results were verified by real-time PCR with isoform specific primers. While nearly all tumors contained LF and SF1b, the majority (76%) of ductal carcinoma biopsies expressed SF1a while the majority of lobular carcinomas lacked SF1a staining (72%) and 27% had only low levels of expression. CONCLUSIONS Differences in the receptor isoform expression profiles may be critical to understanding the role of PRL in mammary tumorigenesis. Since these antibodies are specifically directed against each PRLR isoform, they are valuable tools for the evaluation of breast cancer PRLR content and have potential clinical importance in treatment of this disease by providing new reagents to study the protein expression of the human PRLR.
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Fleming A, Jankowski J, Goldsmith P. In vivo analysis of gut function and disease changes in a zebrafish larvae model of inflammatory bowel disease: a feasibility study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010; 16:1162-72. [PMID: 20128011 DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to develop a model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in zebrafish larvae, together with a method for the rapid assessment of gut morphology and function in vivo thereby enabling medium-throughput compound screening. METHODS Assays were performed using larval zebrafish from 3-8 days postfertilization (d.p.f.) in 96-well plates. Gut morphology and peristalsis were observed in vivo using fluorescent imaging following ingestion of fluorescent dyes. IBD was induced by addition of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) to the medium within the well. Pathology was assessed in vivo using fluorescent imaging and postmortem by histology, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy. Therapeutic compounds were evaluated by coadministration with TNBS. RESULTS A novel method of investigating gut architecture and peristalsis was devised using fluorescent imaging of live zebrafish larvae. Archetypal changes in gut architecture consistent with colitis were observed throughout the gut. Significant changes in goblet cell number and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antibody staining were used to quantify disease severity and rescue. Prednisolone and 5-amino salicylic acid treatment ameliorated the disease changes. Candidate therapeutic compounds (NOS inhibitors, thalidomide, and parthenolide) were assessed and a dissociation was observed between efficacy assessed using a single biochemical measure (TNF-alpha staining) versus an assessment of the entire disease state. CONCLUSIONS Gut physiology and pathology relevant to human disease state can be rapidly modeled in zebrafish larvae. The model is suitable for medium-throughput chemical screens and is amenable to genetic manipulation, hence offers a powerful novel premammalian adjunct to the study of gastrointestinal disease.
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Webber NK, Harwood C, Goldsmith P, Cerio R, Wells P, Kazmi M, Russell-Jones MR, Morris S, Robson A. Aggressive epidermotropic cutaneous CD8+ (Berti’s) lymphoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2010; 35:e210-2. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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64
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Gallagher P, Archibald N, Goldsmith P, Burn D. Two in the hand, an essential lesson in tremor management. Pract Neurol 2010; 10:160-3. [PMID: 20498189 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.211847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Dopa responsive dystonia results from abnormalities in the dopamine synthesis pathway which produces an array of phenotypic presentations with equally numerous genotypes. First documented in children in 1971, the 'classic' phenotype is childhood onset, predominantly lower limb dystonia which gradually progresses to generalised dystonia. Other hallmarks of 'classical' dopa responsive dystonia include marked diurnal variation in symptom severity (worse in the evening), subsequent development of parkinsonism and an excellent, sustained response to levodopa. More recently, adult onset variants have been reported. Here we discuss two siblings with dopa responsive dystonia caused by a mutation in the GTP cyclohydrolase 1 gene. Both presented in adulthood with tremor rather than the 'classic' phenotype. A video is presented (available online) followed by a brief discussion of the literature.
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Buckley CE, Marguerie A, Roach AG, Goldsmith P, Fleming A, Alderton WK, Franklin RJM. Drug reprofiling using zebrafish identifies novel compounds with potential pro-myelination effects. Neuropharmacology 2010; 59:149-59. [PMID: 20450924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of the autoimmune demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS) requires therapies that both limit and repair damage. While several immunomodulatory treatments exist to limit damage there are currently no treatments that promote the regenerative process of remyelination. A rapid way of screening potential pro-remyelination compounds is therefore required. The use of larval zebrafish in a drug reprofiling screen allows rapid in vivo screening and has been used successfully in the past as an efficient way of identifying new indications for existing drugs. A novel screening platform for potential pro-myelination compounds was developed using zebrafish larvae. Two percent of compounds screened from reprofiling libraries altered oligodendrocyte lineage cell recruitment and/or proliferation, as measured by the numbers of dorsally migrated spinal cord olig2(+) cells. Selective screening identified three compounds that altered levels of myelination, as measured by whole larvae myelin basic protein (mbp) transcript levels; the src family kinase inhibitor PP2, a biogenic amine and a thioxanthene. As well as many previously unrecognised compounds, identified compounds included those with previously known effects on myelin and/or the oligodendrocyte lineage, such as a PPAR agonist, steroid hormones and src family kinase inhibitors. As well as providing methods for further assessment of potentially beneficial compounds, this screen has highlighted 25 targets that are able to alter oligodendrocyte lineage cell recruitment or proliferation and/or mbp transcript levels in vivo and are worthy of further investigation for their potential effects on remyelination.
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Ou L, Gehlhaus K, Patel J, Chen J, Goldsmith P, Mock B, Caplen N. Abstract LB-74: A high-throughput RNAi sensitization screen of rapamycin identifies targets for rational drug combination strategies. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-lb-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
RNAi screening affords an unbiased and rapid method to identify genes involved in particular cellular processes and is thus a powerful tool for drug target identification and validation. Rapamycin is a well defined inhibitor of mTOR, a protein being actively pursued as an anti-tumor target. In breast cancer patients, however, treatment with mTOR inhibitors has shown only modest activity suggesting that a combined approach may be required to maximize the clinical application of mTOR inhibitors in these patients. In this study, we performed a high-throughput synthetic siRNA-based RNAi screen of the human kinome plus 350 additional genes (4 siRNAs per gene) in combination with rapamycin, to identify candidate genes whose silencing potentiate the inhibitory effects of rapamycin. Screens were conducted in the ER+ breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-468. For the RNAi screen rapamycin (10 nM) or vehicle only (0.1% DMSO) was added 48 hours post siRNA transfection and cell viability was measured after a further 24 hours of incubation. By comparing the normalized effect on cell viability for each siRNA (Z-score) in the control and rapamycin screens we identified 36 candidate genes whose silencing sensitized MCF-7 cells to rapamycin and 56 that sensitized MDA-MB-468 cells. The silencing of six candidate genes sensitized both cell lines to rapamycin, AKT1, ASPA, CDKN2A, MAP3K7IP1, MAPK12 and PCTK3. The sensitization of rapamycin by silencing of AKT1 was confirmed. Rapamycin treatment increased AKT phosphorylation in the cell lines. HDAC inhibitors have been shown to facilitate the dephosphorylation of AKT; therefore, we tested the combination of rapamycin with the HDAC inhibitor MS-275. MS-275 completely blocks rapamycin-induced AKT phosphorylation, and combining it with rapamycin synergistically inhibited the growth of the MCF-7, MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. We investigated if other pathways are affected by combining rapamycin with MS-275. De-regulation of the RAF-MEK-ERK pathway is frequently detected in human cancers but the high level of ERK phosphorylation is significantly reduced in cells treated with the rapamycin/MS-275 combination. To profile the unphosphorylated, mono and dual-phosphorylated isoforms of ERK1 and ERK2 we used a capillary isoelectric focusing immunoassay to show that the di-phosphorylated isoform of ERK2 was decreased. Our results highlight the potential of high-throughput siRNA screens to identify rational drug combination strategies.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-74.
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Nichols PL, Brand J, Briggs M, D’Angeli M, Farge J, Garland SL, Goldsmith P, Hutchings R, Kilford I, Li HY, MacPherson D, Nimmo F, Sanderson FD, Sehmi S, Shuker N, Skidmore J, Stott M, Sweeting J, Tajuddin H, Takle AK, Trani G, Wall ID, Ward R, Wilson DM, Witty D. Potent oxadiazole CGRP receptor antagonists for the potential treatment of migraine. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1368-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2009] [Revised: 01/02/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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68
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Goldsmith P, Prasad KR. The missing stone. Liver Int 2010; 30:76. [PMID: 19291179 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2009.02014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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69
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Goldsmith P, Prasad KR, Ahmad N, Fisher J. 1H NMR spectroscopic study of blood serum for the assessment of liver function in liver transplant patients. JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES : JGLD 2009; 18:508-509. [PMID: 20076830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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70
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Dewan P, Jawad A, Goldsmith P, Harwood C, Cerio R. Melanoma in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with antitumour necrosis factor: cause or coincidence? Report of two cases. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:1412-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09465.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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71
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Giblin GMP, Billinton A, Briggs M, Brown AJ, Chessell IP, Clayton NM, Eatherton AJ, Goldsmith P, Haslam C, Johnson MR, Mitchell WL, Naylor A, Perboni A, Slingsby BP, Wilson AW. Discovery of 1-[4-(3-chlorophenylamino)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridin-7-yl]-1-morpholin-4-ylmethanone (GSK554418A), a brain penetrant 5-azaindole CB2 agonist for the treatment of chronic pain. J Med Chem 2009; 52:5785-8. [PMID: 19743867 DOI: 10.1021/jm9009857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and SAR of a series of novel azaindole CB(2) agonists. 6-Azaindole 18 showed activity in an acute pain model but was inactive in a chronic model. 18 is a Pgp substrate with low brain penetration. The template was redesigned, and the resulting 5-azaindole 36 was a potent CB(2) agonist with high CNS penetration. This compound was efficacious in the acute model and the chronic joint pain model.
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Lavé T, Chapman K, Goldsmith P, Rowland M. Human clearance prediction: shifting the paradigm. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2009; 5:1039-48. [DOI: 10.1517/17425250903099649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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73
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Jui HY, Goldsmith P, Accili D, Taylor SI. P-17: Identification of a factor that stimulates autophosphorylation of insulin receptor-related receptor. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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74
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Seipold S, Priller FC, Goldsmith P, Harris WA, Baier H, Abdelilah-Seyfried S. Non-SMC condensin I complex proteins control chromosome segregation and survival of proliferating cells in the zebrafish neural retina. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2009; 9:40. [PMID: 19586528 PMCID: PMC2727499 DOI: 10.1186/1471-213x-9-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The condensation of chromosomes and correct sister chromatid segregation during cell division is an essential feature of all proliferative cells. Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) and non-SMC proteins form the condensin I complex and regulate chromosome condensation and segregation during mitosis. However, due to the lack of appropriate mutants, the function of the condensin I complex during vertebrate development has not been described. Results Here, we report the positional cloning and detailed characterization of retinal phenotypes of a zebrafish mutation at the cap-g locus. High resolution live imaging reveals that the progression of mitosis between prometa- to telophase is delayed and that sister chromatid segregation is impaired upon loss of CAP-G. CAP-G associates with chromosomes between prometa- and telophase of the cell cycle. Loss of the interaction partners CAP-H and CAP-D2 causes cytoplasmic mislocalization of CAP-G throughout mitosis. DNA content analysis reveals increased genomic imbalances upon loss of non-SMC condensin I subunits. Within the retina, loss of condensin I function causes increased rates of apoptosis among cells within the proliferative ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) whereas postmitotic retinal cells are viable. Inhibition of p53-mediated apoptosis partially rescues cell numbers in cap-g mutant retinae and allows normal layering of retinal cell types without alleviating their aberrant nuclear sizes. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the condensin I complex is particularly important within rapidly amplifying progenitor cell populations to ensure faithful chromosome segregation. In contrast, differentiation of postmitotic retinal cells is not impaired upon polyploidization.
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Imbert G, Marrony S, Ulrich P, Goldsmith P. P3‐285: Antibody immune response in cynomolgus monkeys following treatment with the active Aß immunotherapy CAD106. Alzheimers Dement 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2009.04.956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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