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O'Connor M, O'Brien K, Waller J, Gallagher P, D'Arcy T, Flannelly G, Martin CM, McRae J, Prendiville W, Ruttle C, White C, Pilkington L, O'Leary JJ, Sharp L. Physical after-effects of colposcopy and related procedures, and their inter-relationship with psychological distress: a longitudinal survey. BJOG 2017; 124:1402-1410. [PMID: 28374937 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence of post-colposcopy physical after-effects and investigate associations between these and subsequent psychological distress. DESIGN Longitudinal survey. SETTING Two hospital-based colposcopy clinics. POPULATION Women with abnormal cytology who underwent colposcopy (±related procedures). METHODS Questionnaires were mailed to women 4, 8 and 12 months post-colposcopy. Details of physical after-effects (pain, bleeding and discharge) experienced post-colposcopy were collected at 4 months. Colposcopy-specific distress was measured using the Process Outcome-Specific Measure at all time-points. Linear mixed-effects regression was used to identify associations between physical after-effects and distress over 12 months, adjusting for socio-demographic and clinical variables. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalence of post-colposcopy physical after-effects. Associations between the presence of any physical after-effects, awareness of after-effects, and number of after-effects and distress. RESULTS Five-hundred and eighty-four women were recruited (response rate = 73, 59 and 52% at 4, 8 and 12 months, respectively). Eighty-two percent of women reported one or more physical after-effect(s). Multiple physical after-effects were common (two after-effects = 25%; three after-effects = 25%). Psychological distress scores declined significantly over time. In adjusted analyses, women who experienced all three physical after-effects had on average a 4.58 (95% CI: 1.10-8.05) higher distress scored than those who experienced no after-effects. Women who were unaware of the possibility of experiencing after-effects scored significantly higher for distress during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of physical after-effects of colposcopy and related procedures is high. The novel findings of inter-relationships between awareness of the possibility of after-effects and experiencing multiple after-effects, and post-colposcopy distress may be relevant to the development of interventions to alleviate post-colposcopy distress. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Experiencing multiple physical after-effects of colposcopy is associated with psychological distress.
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Möstl C, Isavnin A, Boakes PD, Kilpua EKJ, Davies JA, Harrison RA, Barnes D, Krupar V, Eastwood JP, Good SW, Forsyth RJ, Bothmer V, Reiss MA, Amerstorfer T, Winslow RM, Anderson BJ, Philpott LC, Rodriguez L, Rouillard AP, Gallagher P, Nieves-Chinchilla T, Zhang TL. Modeling observations of solar coronal mass ejections with heliospheric imagers verified with the Heliophysics System Observatory. SPACE WEATHER : THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH & APPLICATIONS 2017; 15:955-970. [PMID: 28983209 PMCID: PMC5601179 DOI: 10.1002/2017sw001614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present an advance toward accurately predicting the arrivals of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at the terrestrial planets, including Earth. For the first time, we are able to assess a CME prediction model using data over two thirds of a solar cycle of observations with the Heliophysics System Observatory. We validate modeling results of 1337 CMEs observed with the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) heliospheric imagers (HI) (science data) from 8 years of observations by five in situ observing spacecraft. We use the self-similar expansion model for CME fronts assuming 60° longitudinal width, constant speed, and constant propagation direction. With these assumptions we find that 23%-35% of all CMEs that were predicted to hit a certain spacecraft lead to clear in situ signatures, so that for one correct prediction, two to three false alarms would have been issued. In addition, we find that the prediction accuracy does not degrade with the HI longitudinal separation from Earth. Predicted arrival times are on average within 2.6 ± 16.6 h difference of the in situ arrival time, similar to analytical and numerical modeling, and a true skill statistic of 0.21. We also discuss various factors that may improve the accuracy of space weather forecasting using wide-angle heliospheric imager observations. These results form a first-order approximated baseline of the prediction accuracy that is possible with HI and other methods used for data by an operational space weather mission at the Sun-Earth L5 point.
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Bradley AJ, Webb-Mitchell R, Hazu A, Slater N, Middleton B, Gallagher P, McAllister-Williams H, Anderson KN. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbance in bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2017; 47:1678-1689. [PMID: 28173893 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291717000186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjective reports of insomnia and hypersomnia are common in bipolar disorder (BD). It is unclear to what extent these relate to underlying circadian rhythm disturbance (CRD). In this study we aimed to objectively assess sleep and circadian rhythm in a cohort of patients with BD compared to matched controls. METHOD Forty-six patients with BD and 42 controls had comprehensive sleep/circadian rhythm assessment with respiratory sleep studies, prolonged accelerometry over 3 weeks, sleep questionnaires and diaries, melatonin levels, alongside mood, psychosocial functioning and quality of life (QoL) questionnaires. RESULTS Twenty-three (50%) patients with BD had abnormal sleep, of whom 12 (52%) had CRD and 29% had obstructive sleep apnoea. Patients with abnormal sleep had lower 24-h melatonin secretion compared to controls and patients with normal sleep. Abnormal sleep/CRD in BD was associated with impaired functioning and worse QoL. CONCLUSIONS BD is associated with high rates of abnormal sleep and CRD. The association between these disorders, mood and functioning, and the direction of causality, warrants further investigation.
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Partridge S, Grunseit A, O’Hara B, Neubeck L, Ding D, Gallagher P, Freeman B, Bauman A, Phongsavan P, Gallagher R. Development of a Social Media Intervention for the Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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O'Brien JT, Gallagher P, Stow D, Hammerla N, Ploetz T, Firbank M, Ladha C, Ladha K, Jackson D, McNaney R, Ferrier IN, Olivier P. A study of wrist-worn activity measurement as a potential real-world biomarker for late-life depression. Psychol Med 2017; 47:93-102. [PMID: 27667663 PMCID: PMC5197921 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with a decline in physical activity. Typically this is assessed by self-report questionnaires and, more recently, with actigraphy. We sought to explore the utility of a bespoke activity monitor to characterize activity profiles in LLD more precisely. METHOD The activity monitor was worn for 7 days by 29 adults with LLD and 30 healthy controls. Subjects underwent neuropsychological assessment and quality of life (QoL) (36-item Short-Form Health Survey) and activities of daily living (ADL) scales (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale) were administered. RESULTS Physical activity was significantly reduced in LLD compared with controls (t = 3.63, p < 0.001), primarily in the morning. LLD subjects showed slower fine motor movements (t = 3.49, p < 0.001). In LLD patients, activity reductions were related to reduced ADL (r = 0.61, p < 0.001), lower QoL (r = 0.65, p < 0.001), associative learning (r = 0.40, p = 0.036), and higher Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score (r = -0.37, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Patients with LLD had a significant reduction in general physical activity compared with healthy controls. Assessment of specific activity parameters further revealed the correlates of impairments associated with LLD. Our study suggests that novel wearable technology has the potential to provide an objective way of monitoring real-world function.
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Alharbi M, Bauman A, Neubeck L, Naismith S, Tofler, Yun-Hee J, Mitchell J, Kirkness A, Gallagher P, Woolaston A, Gallagher R. The Physical Activity Patterns of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Participants Using Three Different Measures: Exercise Capacity, Functional Activity, and Habitual Physical Activity. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Miskowiak KW, Petersen JZ, Ott CV, Knorr U, Kessing LV, Gallagher P, Robinson L. Predictors of the discrepancy between objective and subjective cognition in bipolar disorder: a novel methodology. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:511-521. [PMID: 27644707 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The poor relationship between subjective and objective cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder (BD) is well-established. However, beyond simple correlation, this has not been explored further using a methodology that quantifies the degree and direction of the discrepancy. This study aimed to develop such a methodology to explore clinical characteristics predictive of subjective-objective discrepancy in a large BD patient cohort. METHODS Data from 109 remitted BD patients and 110 healthy controls were pooled from previous studies, including neuropsychological test scores, self-reported cognitive difficulties, and ratings of mood, stress, socio-occupational capacity, and quality of life. Cognitive symptom 'sensitivity' scores were calculated using a novel methodology, with positive scores reflecting disproportionately more subjective complaints than objective impairment and negative values reflecting disproportionately more objective than subjective impairment ('stoicism'). RESULTS More subsyndromal depressive and manic symptoms, hospitalizations, BD type II, and being male positively predicted 'sensitivity', while higher verbal IQ predicted more 'stoicism'. 'Sensitive' patients were characterized by greater socio-occupational difficulties, more perceived stress, and lower quality of life. CONCLUSION Objective neuropsychological assessment seems especially warranted in patients with (residual) mood symptoms, BD type II, chronic illness, and/or high IQ for correct identification of cognitive deficits before commencement of treatments targeting cognition.
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Hatt J, Gallagher P, Hall J, Sha'ban F. Audit of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) use after the opening of a new 24/7 emergency hospital. Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ratti V, Hassiotis A, Crabtree J, Deb S, Gallagher P, Unwin G. The effectiveness of person-centred planning for people with intellectual disabilities: A systematic review. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2016; 57:63-84. [PMID: 27394053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of Person-Centred Planning (PCP) on outcomes for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) across the age range. METHOD The electronic databases PsycInfo, Embase, CINHAL, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Medline were searched for studies evaluating the impact of PCP on people with ID, published between 1990 and 2014; these were supplemented by manual searches of reference lists. Studies were considered irrespective of methodology, sample size and publication source, if outcomes reflected the impact of PCP on individuals with ID. RESULTS Seven quantitative, five qualitative and four mixed methods studies were included in the review. The overall quality of the evidence was low but suggestive that PCP may have a positive, yet moderate, impact on some outcomes for individuals with ID, particularly community-participation, participation in activities and daily choice-making. For other outcomes such as employment the findings were inconsistent. CONCLUSION The evidence supporting the effectiveness of PCP is limited and does not demonstrate that PCP can achieve radical transformations in the lives of people with ID. Clearer descriptions of PCP and its components are needed. Small-scale successful demonstrations of effectiveness exist, but its clinical, cost-effectiveness and wider implementation must be investigated in large scale studies.
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Sanneerappa PJB, Cunningham L, Gallagher P, Ramesh N. An Unusual Case of Acquired (Delayed Onset) Cystic Hygroma in a Child. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 109:459. [PMID: 28124858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Gallagher P, Curtin D, de Siún A, O'Shea E, Kennelly S, O'Neill D, Timmons S. Antipsychotic prescription amongst hospitalized patients with dementia. QJM 2016; 109:589-593. [PMID: 26976947 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcw023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antipsychotic drugs are used to treat behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, despite significant safety concerns regarding increased risk of stroke and mortality. The numbers of patients with dementia and related behavioural symptoms being treated in acute hospitals is increasing. AIM (i) to determine pre-admission and in-hospital prevalence of antipsychotic use in a national sample of patients with dementia and acute illness; (ii) identify reasons for antipsychotic use; (iii) assess features of the ward environment which impact on patients with dementia; (iv) determine availability of dementia-specific policies, training, appraisal and mentorship programs which influence service delivery. DESIGN AND METHODS Four-part standardized audit in 35 public acute hospitals comprising (i) retrospective healthcare record review (n = 660); (ii) prospective assessment of ward environment (n = 77); (iii) ward organization interview with clinical managers (n = 77); (iv) hospital organisation interview with senior managers (n = 35). RESULTS Antipsychotic drugs were prescribed to 29% of patients with dementia before hospitalization and to 41% during hospitalization; one quarter received new or additional prescriptions. Assessments for delirium (45%), dementia symptoms (39%), mood (26%), mental state (64%) and distress-provoking factors (3%) were suboptimal. Drug indications were documented in 78%. Non-pharmacological interventions were not documented. Most wards lacked environmental cues to promote orientation. Dementia-specific care pathways existed in 2 of 35 hospitals. Staff support and training programmes were suboptimal. 12% of patients were discharged with new antipsychotic prescriptions. CONCLUSION Antipsychotic medications are commonly prescribed for hospitalized patients with dementia in Ireland. Ward environments and dementia-related governance structures are suboptimal.
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O'Toole S, Lambert V, Gallagher P, Shahwan A, Austin JK. "I don't like talking about it because that's not who I am": Challenges children face during epilepsy-related family communication. Chronic Illn 2016; 12:216-26. [PMID: 27068112 DOI: 10.1177/1742395316644307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Childhood epilepsy not only significantly impacts a child's social relationships and psychosocial wellbeing, but it can also cause disruptions in family relations. Children living with epilepsy often rely on parental figures for guidance in relation to their condition. A paucity of research has examined the challenges for children when communicating about epilepsy with parental figures. This qualitative study explored the challenges faced by children when talking about epilepsy with their parent(s). METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 29 children (aged 6-16 years) living with epilepsy. Participants were recruited from a neurology department of a major pediatric hospital and from a national epilepsy association. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. RESULTS Findings revealed four themes: communication impeding normalcy, parental overprotection, parental reactions to epilepsy-related communication, and restriction of activities as a consequence of epilepsy-related communication. DISCUSSION The study highlights the need for a greater understanding of parent-child dialogue surrounding epilepsy and where challenges lie for children in conversing about their condition. Parents and health care professionals play a pivotal role in facilitating an environment where children feel comfortable talking about epilepsy. This information will be instrumental in the development of a communication-based intervention for families living with epilepsy.
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Gallagher R, Gallagher P, Zhang L, Kirkness A, Glinatsis H, Roach K, Belshaw J, Sadler L, Neubeck L. Technology Use and Confidence in Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Elmamoun M, Szentpetery A, Gallagher P, FitzGerald O. FRI0469 Measuring Outcome in Psoriatic Arthritis (MOPSA), A New Web-Based Tool for Assessment of Psoriatic Arthritis Showing Initiation of Treatment Change in Patients Achieving Minimal Disease Activity. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Nilsson J, Thomas AJ, Stevens LH, McAllister-Williams RH, Ferrier IN, Gallagher P. The interrelationship between attentional and executive deficits in major depressive disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2016; 134:73-82. [PMID: 27037665 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive dysfunction is an established feature of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, it remains unclear whether deficits in different cognitive domains are relatively independent or originate from a circumscribed 'primary deficit'. This study tested the hypothesis that a deficit in attention represents a primary deficit in depression. METHOD Neuropsychological function was assessed in 30 depressed patients with MDD and 34 control participants. Cognitive composites were derived from a minimum of three tests and included attention, executive function, visuospatial memory and verbal memory. A multivariate analysis of variance was used to assess group differences in overall cognitive performance, and multiple regression models were used to evaluate the role of attention in deficits in other domains. RESULTS The cognitive deficit in the depressed sample was found to be characterized by poorer performance in attention and executive function. When evaluating the interrelationship between the two deficits, the attentional deficit was found to persist when variability in executive function was statistically accounted for, whilst the executive deficit was eliminated when attention was accounted for. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the attentional deficit could not be explained by deficits in executive function, which provides support for a primary attention deficit in depression.
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Finkelmeyer A, Nilsson J, He J, Stevens L, Maller JJ, Moss RA, Small S, Gallagher P, Coventry K, Ferrier IN, McAllister-Williams RH. Altered hippocampal function in major depression despite intact structure and resting perfusion. Psychol Med 2016; 46:2157-2168. [PMID: 27192934 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal volume reductions in major depression have been frequently reported. However, evidence for functional abnormalities in the same region in depression has been less clear. We investigated hippocampal function in depression using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neuropsychological tasks tapping spatial memory function, with complementing measures of hippocampal volume and resting blood flow to aid interpretation. METHOD A total of 20 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and a matched group of 20 healthy individuals participated. Participants underwent multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): fMRI during a spatial memory task, and structural MRI and resting blood flow measurements of the hippocampal region using arterial spin labelling. An offline battery of neuropsychological tests, including several measures of spatial memory, was also completed. RESULTS The fMRI analysis showed significant group differences in bilateral anterior regions of the hippocampus. While control participants showed task-dependent differences in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal, depressed patients did not. No group differences were detected with regard to hippocampal volume or resting blood flow. Patients showed reduced performance in several offline neuropsychological measures. All group differences were independent of differences in hippocampal volume and hippocampal blood flow. CONCLUSIONS Functional abnormalities of the hippocampus can be observed in patients with MDD even when the volume and resting perfusion in the same region appear normal. This suggests that changes in hippocampal function can be observed independently of structural abnormalities of the hippocampus in depression.
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Elmamoun M, Loftus C, Szentpetery A, Gallagher P, Barnes L, FitzGerald O. THU0447 Measuring Outcome in Psoriatic Arthritis: Correlation between Different Skin Scores. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Fitzgerald G, Lundon D, Gallagher P, O'Rourke K, Sheehy C, Sullivan C, Silke C, Stafford F, Haroon M, Mullan R, FitzGerald O, O Shea F. FRI0417 Prevalence of Osteoporosis in An Ankylosing Spondylitis Cohort. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.6012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Cochrane A, Higgins N, FitzGerald O, Gallagher P, Ashton J, Breen R, Brennan A, Corcoran O, Desmond D. THU0550 Early Multidisciplinary Interventions To Promote Work Participation in People with Regional Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Higgins N, Cochrane A, FitzGerald O, Gallagher P, Ashton J, Breen R, Brennan A, Corcoran O, Desmond D. THU0625 Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives on The Design and Implementation of An Early Integrated Care Intervention for Musculoskeletal Pain in The Irish Healthcare Setting: A Qualitative Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Farkas F, Szentpetery A, Gallagher P, FitzGerald O. AB0730 Psoriatic Arthritis Patients with Work Disability Have Worse Quality of Life Compared To Those Who Are Employed. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Coleman K, Darlow B, McKinlay E, Gallagher P, Perry M, Beckingsale L, Gray B, Neser H, Donovan S, Stanley J, Pullon S. OC-0372: Changes in student attitudes following a pre-registration interprofessional learning experience. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Coleman K, Darlow B, McKinlay E, Beckingsale L, Donovan S, Gallagher P, Gray B, Neser H, Perry M, Pullon S. EP-2102: “We’re all here for the patient”: exploring the process of interprofessional learning. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)33353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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O'Connor M, Gallagher P, Waller J, Martin CM, O'Leary JJ, Sharp L. Adverse psychological outcomes following colposcopy and related procedures: a systematic review. BJOG 2016; 123:24-38. [PMID: 26099164 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although colposcopy is the leading follow-up option for women with abnormal cervical cytology, little is known about its psychological consequences. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review to examine: (1) what, if any, are the adverse psychological outcomes following colposcopy and related procedures; (2) what are the predictors of adverse psychological outcomes post-colposcopy; and (3) what happens to these outcomes over time. SEARCH STRATEGY Five electronic databases (PubMed, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus) were searched for studies published in English between January 1986 and February 2014. SELECTION CRITERIA Eligible studies assessed psychological wellbeing at one or more time-points post-colposcopy. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts. Full texts of potentially eligible papers were reviewed. Data were abstracted from, and a quality appraisal performed of, eligible papers. MAIN RESULTS Twenty-three papers reporting 16 studies were eligible. Colposcopy and related procedures can lead to adverse psychological outcomes, particularly anxiety. Ten studies investigated predictors of adverse psychological outcomes; management type and treatment had no impact on this. Seven studies investigated temporal trends in psychological outcomes post-colposcopy; findings were mixed, especially in relation to anxiety and distress. Studies were methodologically heterogeneous. CONCLUSIONS Follow-up investigations and procedures for abnormal cervical cytology can cause adverse psychological outcomes among women. However, little is known about the predictors of these outcomes or how long they persist. There is a need for a more standardised approach to the examination of the psychological impact of colposcopy, especially longer-term outcomes. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Follow-up investigations for abnormal cervical cytology can cause adverse psychological outcome among women.
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O'Leary A, Usher C, Lynch M, Hall M, Hemeryk L, Spillane S, Gallagher P, Barry M. Generic medicines and generic substitution: contrasting perspectives of stakeholders in Ireland. BMC Res Notes 2015; 8:790. [PMID: 26670010 PMCID: PMC4678461 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-015-1764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Health (Pricing and Supply of Medical Goods) Act 2013 passed into law in July 2013 and legislated for generic substitution in Ireland. The aim of the study was to ascertain the knowledge and perceptions of stakeholders i.e. patients, pharmacists and prescribers, of generic medicines and to generic substitution with the passing of legislation. METHODS Three stakeholder specific questionnaires were developed to assess knowledge of and perceptions to generic medicines and generic substitution. Purposive samples of patients, prescribers and pharmacists were analysed. Descriptive quantitative and qualitative analyses were undertaken. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION A total of 762 healthcare professionals and 353 patients were recruited. The study highlighted that over 84% of patients were familiar with generic medicines and are supportive of the concept of generic substitution. Approximately 74% of prescribers and 84% of pharmacists were supportive of generic substitution in most cases. The main areas of concern highlighted by the healthcare professionals that might impact on the successful implementation of the policy, were the issue of bioequivalence with generic medicines, the computer software systems used at present in general practitioner (GP) surgeries and the availability of branded generics. The findings from this study identify a high baseline rate of acceptance to generic medicines and generic substitution among patients, prescribers and pharmacists in the Irish setting. The concerns of the main stakeholders provide a valuable insight into the potential difficulties that may arise in its implementation, and the need for on-going reassurance and proactive dissemination of the impact of the generic substitution policy. CONCLUSION The existing positive attitude to generic medicines and generic substitution among key stakeholders in Ireland to generic substitution, combined with appropriate support and collaboration should result in the desired increase in rates of prescribing, dispensing and use of generic medicines.
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