101
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Jamil S, Cedervall J, Hultman I, Ali R, Margaryan NV, Rasmuson A, Johnsen JI, Sveinbjörnsson B, Dalianis T, Kanter L, Orrego A, Strizzi L, Hendrix MJC, Sandstedt B, Kogner P, Ahrlund-Richter L. Neuroblastoma cells injected into experimental mature teratoma reveal a tropism for embryonic loose mesenchyme. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:831-8. [PMID: 23857308 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic neural tumors are responsible for a disproportionate number of cancer deaths in children. Although dramatic improvements in survival for pediatric malignancy has been achieved in previous years advancements seem to be slowing down. For the development of new enhanced therapy and an increased understanding of the disease, pre-clinical models better capturing the neoplastic niche are essential. Tumors of early childhood present in this respect a particular challenge. Here, we explore how components of the embryonic process in stem‑cell induced mature teratoma can function as an experimental in vivo microenvironment instigating the growth of injected childhood neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines. Three human NB cell lines, IMR-32, Kelly and SK-N-BE(2), were injected into mature pluripotent stem cell‑induced teratoma (PSCT) and compared to xenografts of the same cell lines. Proliferative NB cells from all lines were readily detected in both models with a typical histology of a poorly differentiated NB tumor with a variable amount of fibrovascular stroma. Uniquely in the PSCT microenvironment, NB cells were found integrated in a non‑random fashion. Neuroblastoma cells were never observed in areas with well-differentiated somatic tissue i.e. bone, muscle, gut or areas of other easily identifiable tissue types. Instead, the three cell lines all showed initial growth exclusively occurring in the embryonic loose mesenchymal stroma, resulting in a histology recapitulating NB native presentation in vivo. Whether this reflects the 'open' nature of loose mesenchyme more easily giving space to new cells compared to other more dense tissues, the rigidity of matrix providing physical cues modulating NB characteristics, or if embryonic loose mesenchyme may supply developmental cues that attracted or promoted the integration of NB, remains to be tested. We tentatively hypothesize that mature PSCT provide an embryonic niche well suited for in vivo studies on NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jamil
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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102
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Ali R, Naqvi RA, Kumar S, Bhat AA, Rao DN. Multiple antigen peptide containing B and T cell epitopes of F1 antigen of Yersinia pestis showed enhanced Th1 immune response in murine model. Scand J Immunol 2013; 77:361-71. [PMID: 23480362 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Yersinia pestis is a facultative bacterium that can survive and proliferate inside host macrophages and cause bubonic, pneumonic and systemic infection. Apart from humoral response, cell-mediated protection plays a major role in combating the disease. Fraction 1 capsular antigen (F1-Ag) of Y. pestis has long been exploited as a vaccine candidate. In this study, F1-multiple antigenic peptide (F1-MAP or MAP)-specific cell-mediated and cytokine responses were studied in murine model. MAP consisting of three B and one T cell epitopes of F1-antigen with one palmitoyl residue was synthesized using Fmoc chemistry. Mice were immunized with different formulations of MAP in poly DL-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres. F1-MAP with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) as an adjuvant showed enhanced in vitro T cell proliferation and Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokine secretion. Similar formulation also showed significantly higher numbers of cytokine (IL-2, IFN-γ)-secreting cells. Moreover, F1-MAP with CpG formulation showed significantly high (P < 0.001) percentage of CD4(+) IFN-γ(+) cells as compared to CD8(+) IFN-γ(+) cells, and also more (CD4- IFN-γ)(+) cells secrete perforin and granzyme as compared to (CD8- IFN-γ)(+) showing Th1 response. Thus, the study highlights the importance of Th1 cytokine and existence of CD4(+) and CD8(+) immune response. This study proposes a new perspective for the development of vaccination strategies for Y. pestis that trigger T cell immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences AIIMS, New Delhi-110029, India
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103
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Rasty G, Park K, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Diaz De-Vivar A, Rutgers J, Barbuto D, Roma A, Mikami Y, Ali R, Silva E. Invasive endocervical adenocarcinoma – How a new proposal for a pattern-based classification can influence clinical management decisions. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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104
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Munns S, Semaan A, Seward S, Munkarah A, Paximadis P, Miller S, Ali R, Morris R. Treatment-related outcomes in patients with stage III-IV endometrial cancer treated with chemotherapy with or without the addition of radiation therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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105
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Lintzeris N, Leung SY, Dunlop AJ, Larance B, White N, Rivas GR, Holland RM, Degenhardt L, Muhleisen P, Hurley M, Ali R. A randomised controlled trial of sublingual buprenorphine-naloxone film versus tablets in the management of opioid dependence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013; 131:119-26. [PMID: 23317685 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 10/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Buprenorphine-naloxone sublingual film was introduced in 2011 in Australia as an alternative to tablets. This study compared the two formulations on subjective dose effects and equivalence, trough plasma levels, adverse events, patient satisfaction, supervised dosing time, and impact upon treatment outcomes (substance use, psychosocial function). METHODS 92 buprenorphine-naloxone tablet patients were recruited to this outpatient multi-site double-blind double-dummy parallel group trial. Patients were randomised to either tablets or film, without dose changes, over a 31 day period. RESULTS No significant group differences were observed for subjective dose effects, trough plasma buprenorphine or norbuprenorphine levels, adverse events and treatment outcomes. Buprenorphine-naloxone film took significantly less time to dissolve than tablets (173±71 versus 242±141s, p=0.007, F=7.67). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated dose equivalence and comparable clinical outcomes between the buprenorphine-naloxone film and tablet preparations, whilst showing improved dispensing times and patient ratings of satisfaction with the film.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lintzeris
- Langton Centre, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, NSW 2010, Australia.
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106
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Finlayson AE, Godman B, Paterson K, Aston E, Haycox A, Gustafsson LL, Ali R. Personalizing healthcare: from genetics through payment to improving care? J R Soc Med 2013; 106:41-4. [PMID: 23401634 DOI: 10.1258/jrsm.2012.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A E Finlayson
- King's Centre for Global Health, Global Health Offices, Weston Education Centre, London, UK.
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107
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108
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Abstract
To effectively carry out root canal therapy, the clinician must accurately determine the apical limit of the root canal system as well as the position of the canal terminus. Its position can be estimated using a variety of techniques, including radiographs, tactile feedback from endodontic instruments and electronic apex locators. This article describes the micro-anatomy of the apical terminus, different methods of measuring root canal system length and how a tooth can function as an electrical capacitor. This capacitor model represents a starting point upon which all apex locators are based. An understanding of this model can help the practitioner to optimise the use of apex locators, understand their limitations and avoid errors that can occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ali
- Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds, LS2 9LU.
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109
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Stevens RJ, Ali R, Bankhead CR, Bethel MA, Cairns BJ, Camisasca RP, Crowe FL, Farmer AJ, Harrison S, Hirst JA, Home P, Kahn SE, McLellan JH, Perera R, Plüddemann A, Ramachandran A, Roberts NW, Rose PW, Schweizer A, Viberti G, Holman RR. Cancer outcomes and all-cause mortality in adults allocated to metformin: systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials. Diabetologia 2012; 55:2593-2603. [PMID: 22875195 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-012-2653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Observational studies suggest that metformin may reduce cancer risk by approximately one-third. We examined cancer outcomes and all-cause mortality in published randomised controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS RCTs comparing metformin with active glucose-lowering therapy or placebo/usual care, with minimum 500 participants and 1-year follow-up, were identified by systematic review. Data on cancer incidence and all-cause mortality were obtained from publications or by contacting investigators. For two trials, cancer incidence data were not available; cancer mortality was used as a surrogate. Summary RRs, 95% CIs and I (2)statistics for heterogeneity were calculated by fixed effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 4,039 abstracts identified, 94 publications described 14 eligible studies. RRs for cancer were available from 11 RCTs with 398 cancers during 51,681 person-years. RRs for all-cause mortality were available from 13 RCTs with 552 deaths during 66,447 person-years. Summary RRs for cancer outcomes in people randomised to metformin compared with any comparator were 1.02 (95% CI 0.82, 1.26) across all trials, 0.98 (95% CI 0.77, 1.23) in a subgroup analysis of active-comparator trials and 1.36 (95% CI 0.74, 2.49) in a subgroup analysis of placebo/usual care comparator trials. The summary RR for all-cause mortality was 0.94 (95% CI 0.79, 1.12) across all trials. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Meta-analysis of currently available RCT data does not support the hypothesis that metformin lowers cancer risk by one-third. Eligible trials also showed no significant effect of metformin on all-cause mortality. However, limitations include heterogeneous comparator types, absent cancer data from two trials, and short follow-up, especially for mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Stevens
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK.
| | - R Ali
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - C R Bankhead
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - M A Bethel
- Diabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - B J Cairns
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - R P Camisasca
- TGRD Europe, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, London, UK
| | - F L Crowe
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A J Farmer
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - S Harrison
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - J A Hirst
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - P Home
- ICM-Diabetes, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - S E Kahn
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - J H McLellan
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - R Perera
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - A Plüddemann
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - A Ramachandran
- India Diabetes Research Foundation, Dr A. Ramachandran's Diabetes Hospitals, Egmore, Chennai, India
| | - N W Roberts
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | - P W Rose
- Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG, UK
| | | | - G Viberti
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - R R Holman
- Diabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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110
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Ahmed A, Ali R, Khan F, Nadeem A, Zaffar G. Knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning methods among women reporting to a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Contraception 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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111
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Kim JY, Jo MW, Brauner SC, Ferrufino-Ponce Z, Ali R, Cremers SL, Henderson BA. Comment to ‘First postoperative day intraocular pressure rise in resident-performed cataract surgery’. Eye (Lond) 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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112
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Qadir M, Resham S, Naz F, Ahmad K, Ahmed S, Ali R, Amin H, Musani S. Effectiveness of simple strategies in reducing multidrug resistant bloodstream infections in the NICU of a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Int J Infect Dis 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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113
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Ali R, Jacob A, Boggild M. 124 When “the drugs don't work”: think NMO! J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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114
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Sharif M, Shahzad MA, Rehman S, Khan S, Ali R, Khan ML, Khan K. Nutritional evaluation of distillery sludge and its effect as a substitute of canola meal on performance of broiler chickens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012; 25:401-9. [PMID: 25049579 PMCID: PMC4092959 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition of distillery yeast sludge and its inclusion in broiler diets to replace canola meal. Raw distillery yeast sludge was washed with water using water and sludge in the ratio 6:1, respectively. Proximate analysis of raw distillery yeast sludge and washed distillery sludge was carried out for crude protein (CP), true protein (TP), ether extract (EE), ash, acid insoluble ash and nitrogen free extract (NFE) determination. Mineral contents and amino acid profile of raw distillery yeast sludge and washed distillery sludge were also determined. After chemical evaluation, four iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous broiler starter and finisher diets were prepared in mash form using 0 (control), 4, 8 and 12% levels of washed distillery sludge replacing canola meal. One hundred and twenty day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 12 experimental units in such a way that each diet was offered to three experimental units, each comprising of 10 chicks. It was observed that washing affected the nutrients either by decreasing or increasing their concentration. It decreased the total mineral contents whereas CP, TP, EE and NFE contents increased. Washing also increased amino acid profile. Average feed intake and weight gain were higher in birds fed diet containing 8% washed distillery sludge and lower in birds fed diet containing 0% washed distillery sludge. Feed cost per kg live weight gain decreased significantly as the level of washed distillery sludge was increased in the diet. Average heart, liver and pancreas weights decreased with increased level of washed distillery sludge in the diet. The study revealed that after washing, distillery yeast sludge can be used successfully in broiler diets up to the level of 8% without any adverse effect on broiler’s performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sharif
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Shahzad
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Rehman
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Khan
- Govt Islamia College, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Ali
- Director Remount Veterinary and Farms GHQ Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - M L Khan
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - K Khan
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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115
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Ali R, Torella F, Nahser H, Davies R. 153 A common disease but a rare cause of lumbosacral plexopathy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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116
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Ali R, Steiger MJ, Alusi SH. 102 Dopamine dysregulation: not all bad news? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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117
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Kim JY, Jo MW, Brauner SC, Ferrufino-Ponce Z, Ali R, Cremers SL, Henderson BA. Comment to ‘Increased intraocular pressure on the first post-operative day following sutureless extracapsular cataract surgery in Africa’. Eye (Lond) 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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118
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119
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Morton-Gittens J, Ali R, Affan AM, Bovell P, Rampaul R. P2-16-13: Life after Mastectomy without Breast Reconstruction – Are the Needs of Caribbean Women Different? Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p2-16-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim: The standard of care in the United States and United Kingdom for women undergoing mastectomy is to be offered breast reconstruction surgery (BRS), either immediate or delayed. In Trinidad, for a variety of reasons, patients are not routinely offered this option. We undertook a study to determine the impact of breast surgery without reconstruction on their perception of sexuality, body image, relationships and quality of life. The aim is to establish a benchmark for the planning and incorporation of reconstructive options into the care pathway of patients requiring oncoplastic surgery in the Caribbean.
Method: A questionnaire was administered to post surgery breast cancer patients in a public oncology clinic in Trinidad. These patients had no BRS and had surgery at various institutions in Trinidad, where the primary surgical service was General Surgery. Data was collected prospectively and analysed using SPSS software.
Results: Of 130 questionnaires administered to date, 80(61.5%) of those collected were adequate for analysis. 46.1%(n=35) of patients were less than fifty years of age; 44%(n=24) were Afro-Caribbean and 55.6% (n=30) East Indian-Caribbean; 61.1%(n=44) had mastectomies and 38.9%(n=28) had breast conserving surgery (BCS). Of all patients, 90%(n=70) felt attractive, feminine and satisfied with their bodies before surgery, however postoperatively, all who had BCS remained satisfied with their bodies but a significant proportion of patients in the mastectomy group were dissatisfied(p=0.006) and found it harder to look at themselves naked(p=0.025) and be seen naked by their partners (42.9%, n=15). East Indian-Caribbean women felt less attractive after surgery compared to Afro-Caribbean patients(p=0.024). Among all patients, 19.2% felt shy to go out in public after surgery, 28.8% left their house less and 35% (n=25) had fewer social interactions. When analysed by ethnicity, East Indian-Caribbean women were more likely to avoid public events(p=0.003) and had fewer social interactions(p=0.028) than Afro-Caribbean patients. This effect persisted in mastectomy patients(p=0.007), especially in the East Indian-Caribbean group(p=0.0017). 69% of patients were willing to undergo BRS, but it was offered to only 32.5%(n=13) of mastectomy patients. The interest in BRS was similar in all races, age groups and surgery types.
Conclusion: This study explores the experiences and needs of Caribbean women with breast cancer in Trinidad. We found from this data that their needs mirror those of women in other countries where BRS is incorporated into the core care pathway. Our data demonstrates that even with ethnic differences, there is deterioration in self esteem and feminity with breast cancer surgery, with lasting effects. Subtle differences appear to be present in body image perception amongst East Indian-Caribbean women versus Afro-Caribbean and may be a useful template when assessing patient needs with a view to how we individualize care in the Caribbean setting. This data also emphasizes the potential benefit in incorporating an Oncology-Plastic Surgery Team approach in our setting and supports the view that providing BRS to patients as early as possible can help to maintain a positive outlook in personal and social interactions.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-16-13.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Ali
- 1National Radiotherapy Centre, St James, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - AM Affan
- 1National Radiotherapy Centre, St James, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - P Bovell
- 1National Radiotherapy Centre, St James, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - R Rampaul
- 1National Radiotherapy Centre, St James, Trinidad and Tobago
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120
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Leandro N, Ali R, Koci M, Moraes V, Malheiros R, Wineland M, Oviedo-Rondón E. Effects of broiler breeder genetic, diet type, and feeding program on maternal antibody transfer and development of lymphoid tissues in chicken progeny. J APPL POULTRY RES 2011. [DOI: 10.3382/japr.2010-00268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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121
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Leandro N, Ali R, Koci M, Moraes V, Eusebio-Balcazar P, Jornigan J, Malheiros R, Wineland M, Brake J, Oviedo-Rondón E. Maternal antibody transfer to broiler progeny varies among strains and is affected by grain source and cage density. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2730-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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122
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Cossburn M, Pace AA, Jones J, Ali R, Ingram G, Baker K, Hirst C, Zajicek J, Scolding N, Boggild M, Pickersgill T, Ben-Shlomo Y, Coles A, Robertson NP. Autoimmune disease after alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis in a multicenter cohort. Neurology 2011; 77:573-9. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318228bec5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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123
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Parvez M, Al-Dosari M, Niyazi S, Ali R. OL-044 ‘Dinucleotide-pattern’ G → A hypermutations in the pre-core 5′-GGGG tetrad of HBe negative hepatitis B virus (HBV) variant. Int J Infect Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1201-9712(11)60105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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124
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Noll J, Nelson G, Colomer MV, Ali R, Bazalova M, Graves E. SU-E-T-316: Integration of Bioluminescence Imaging with Small Animal Radiotherapy for Treatment Planning and Response Assessment. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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125
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Mariano CJ, Ionescu D, Cheung WY, Ali R, Laskin JJ, Carolan H, Evans K, Murray N. Thymoma: A population-based study of the management and outcomes for the province of British Columbia. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.7023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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126
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Rasheed Z, Ahmad R, Ali R. Structure and immunological function of oxidised albumin in lung cancer: its potential role as a biomarker of elevated oxidative stress. Br J Biomed Sci 2011; 66:67-73. [PMID: 19637646 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2009.11730247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-damaged human serum albumin (HSA) in lung cancer (LC) patients is investigated. The binding characteristics of LC antibodies with native and ROS-damaged HSA are assessed. Smoking and non-smoking LC patients (n=40) are examined by a direct binding enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the results are compared with healthy age- and gender-matched smoking and non-smoking subjects (n=38). A high degree of specific binding in approximately 70% of cancer immunoglobulin G (IgG) towards ROS-damaged HSA was observed, compared to results with its native analogue (P<0.05). Affinity purified IgG from those LC patients with a history of smoking showed substantially stronger binding to damaged HSA over native HSA. Competitive inhibition ELISA substantiated the enhanced recognition of ROS-HSA by circulating antibodies in LC patients. The increase in total serum protein carbonyl levels in the LC patients was largely due to an increase in oxidised albumin. Purified HSA from LC patients (LC-HSA) contained higher levels of carbonyls than did HSA from healthy subjects (normal-HSA; P<0.01). LC-HSA was conformationally altered and showed greater exposure of its hydrophobic regions. Collectively, the oxidation of plasma proteins, especially HSA, might enhance oxidative stress in LC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rasheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, J. N. Medical College, AMU, Aligarh-202002, India.
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Epelboin L, Nicand E, Roussin C, Lernout T, Pettinelli ME, Tesse S, Ali R, Aubry P. A sporadic case of genotype 3f acute hepatitis E in Mayotte. Med Mal Infect 2011; 41:392-4. [PMID: 21493025 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Epelboin
- Service de médecine polyvalente, centre hospitalier de Mayotte, Mamoudzou, Mayotte.
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Cossburn MD, Pace AA, Jones J, Ali R, Ingram G, Baker K, Hirst C, Zajicek J, Scolding N, Boggild M, Pickersgill T, Coles A, Ben-Shlomo Y, Robertson NP. PATU7 Autoimmune diseases after alemtuzumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: findings from a multicentre UK cohort. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.226340.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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129
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Agbo O, Arjomand F, Ali R, Vangala M. A 23-year old male with cough, fever and blood-streaked sputum. Clin Respir J 2010; 3:114-5. [PMID: 20298388 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-699x.2008.00073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Agbo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 DeKalb Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
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130
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Noll J, Ali R, Vilalta M, Graves E. TH-C-204B-04: Assessing the Potential of Cerenkov Radiation for in Vivo Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3469498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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131
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Naru T, Khan RS, Ali R. Pregnancy outcome in women with antiphospholipid syndrome on low-dose aspirin and heparin: a retrospective study. East Mediterr Health J 2010; 16:308-312. [PMID: 20795446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This retrospective review of hospital records analysed pregnancy outcome with 2 different treatments for women with recurrent miscarriage diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome in the index pregnancy. Of 64 women, 29 had received aspirin and 35 aspirin plus heparin. Pregnancy-induced hypertension, prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal death were considered as maternal and fetal complications. There were no significant differences in antenatal and maternal complications between the groups. HOwever, there were significant differences in mean anticardiolipin IgG antibody levels. Aspirin alone or in combination with parin was equally efficacious in women with antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Naru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Goh JH, Saravanan S, Ng WM, Looi LM, Ali R. Localised Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis Presenting As Anterior Knee Pain. Malays Orthop J 2010. [DOI: 10.5704/moj.1003.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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133
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Naru T, Khan R, Ali R. Pregnancy outcome in women with antiphospholipid syndrome on low-dose aspirin and heparin: a retrospective study. East Mediterr Health J 2010. [DOI: 10.26719/2010.16.3.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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134
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Gaughwin MD, Douglas RM, Davies L, Mylvaganam A, Liew C, Ali R. Preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among prisoners: prisoners' and prison officers' knowledge of HIV and their attitudes to options for prevention. Community Health Stud 2010; 14:61-4. [PMID: 2331865 DOI: 10.1111/j.1753-6405.1990.tb00022.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M D Gaughwin
- Drug and Alcohol Services Council, South Australian Health Commission, Adelaide
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135
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Ahsan MS, Mullick SI, Sobhan MA, Khanam M, Nahar JS, Salam MA, Ali R, Islam M, Kabir MS. Subtypes of dissociative (conversion) disorder in two tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2010; 19:66-71. [PMID: 20046174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Dissociative (conversion) disorders are common among the patients attending in and out patients of Psychiatry Department of tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh. This study was done to see the subtypes of dissociative (conversion) disorder according to International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10). This is a descriptive, cross sectional study done on 100 consecutive patients from the Departments of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka and Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Study period was July 2005 to June 2006. Among the patients of dissociative (conversion) disorder, mixed dissociative (conversion) disorder was found highest 34%, followed by dissociative convulsion 33%, dissociative motor disorders 19%, dissociative anaesthesia and sensory loss 5%, dissociative amnesia 4%, dissociative fugue 3%. However, the researcher did not find any multiple personality disorder which is relatively common in North America. This finding reflected that there are differences in prevalence of sub types of dissociative disorders in Bangladesh and Western countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ahsan
- Department of Psychiatry, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Shahbagh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Liozon E, Roussin C, Garou A, Mermet L, Epelboin L, Thery Y, Valadier P, de Lagarde B, Gabrié P, Ali R. Maladie de Behçet chez le sujet de race noire : l’expérience de Mayotte. Rev Med Interne 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.03.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
A 14-year-old female patient attended Bristol Dental Hospital for an oral screening prior to undergoing a bone marrow transplant as treatment for her acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Maxillofacial radiographs revealed multiple, well-defined, non-corticated radiolucent lesions throughout the vault of her skull and mandible. These radiological features (coupled with the patient's age) would have correlated with a diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. However, a previous bone marrow biopsy confirmed that the patient did indeed have acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The lytic lesions were present throughout her entire skeletal frame and had previously led to episodes of leg and abdominal pain. We feel that this radiological presentation of leukaemia needs to be reported as these features could easily have been confused with other haematological or even malignant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ali
- Department of Oral and Dental Science, Bristol Dental Hospital, Bristol, BS1 2LY, UK.
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Hasan Z, Jamil B, Khan J, Ali R, Khan MA, Nasir N, Yusuf MS, Jamil S, Irfan M, Hussain R. Relationship between circulating levels of IFN-gamma, IL-10, CXCL9 and CCL2 in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis is dependent on disease severity. Scand J Immunol 2009; 69:259-67. [PMID: 19281538 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is dependent on T cell and macrophage activation regulated by cytokines. Cytokines and chemokines produced at disease sites may be released into circulation. Data available on circulating cytokines in tuberculosis (TB) is mostly on pulmonary TB (PTB) with limited information on extrapulmonary disease (EPul-TB). We measured interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interkeukin-10 (IL-10), CXCL9 and CCL2 in sera of patients (n = 80) including; PTB (n = 42), EPul-TB (n = 38) and BCG vaccinated healthy endemic controls (EC, n = 42). EPul-TB patients comprised those with less severe (LNTB) or severe (SevTB) disease. Serum IFN-gamma, IL-10 and CXCL9 levels were significantly greater while CCL2 was reduced in TB patients as compared with EC. IFN-gamma was significantly greater in PTB as compared with LNTB (P = 0.002) and SevTB (P = 0.029). CXCL9 was greater in PTB as compared with LNTB (P = 0.009). In contrast, CCL2 levels were reduced in PTB as compared with LNTB (P = 0.021) and SevTB (P = 0.024). A Spearman's rank correlation analysis determined a positive association between IFN-gamma and IL-10 (rho = 0.473, P = 0.002) and IFN-gamma and CXCL9 (rho = 0.403, P = 0.008) in the PTB group. However, in SevTB, only IFN-gamma and CXCL9 were positively associated (rho = 0.529, P = 0.016). Systemic levels of cytokines are reflective of local responses at disease sites. Therefore, our data suggests that in PTB increased IFN-gamma and CXCL9 balanced by IL-10 may result in a more effective cell mediated response in the host. However, elevated inflammatory chemokines CXCL9 and CCL2 in severe EPul-TB without concomitant down modulatory cytokines may exacerbate disease related pathology and hamper restriction of M. tuberculosis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Hasan
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
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Mitchell JP, Nagel MW, Avvakoumova V, MacKay H, Ali R. The abbreviated impactor measurement (AIM) concept: part II--Influence of evaporation of a volatile component-evaluation with a "droplet-producing" pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI)-based formulation containing ethanol as cosolvent. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:252-7. [PMID: 19291411 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The abbreviated impactor measurement (AIM) concept is a potential solution to the labor-intensive full-resolution cascade impactor (CI) methodology for inhaler aerosol aerodynamic particle size measurement. In this validation study, the effect of increasing the internal dead volume on determined mass fractions relating to aerodynamic particle size was explored with two abbreviated impactors both based on the Andersen nonviable cascade impactor (ACI) operating principle (Copley fast screening Andersen impactor [C-FSA] and Trudell fast screening Andersen impactor [T-FSA]). A pressurized metered dose inhaler-delivered aerosol producing liquid ethanol droplets after propellant evaporation was chosen to characterize these systems. Measures of extrafine, fine, and coarse particle mass fractions from the abbreviated systems were compared with corresponding data obtained by a full-resolution ACI. The use of liquid ethanol-sensitive filter paper provided insight by rendering locations visible where partly evaporated droplets were still present when the "droplet-producing" aerosol was sampled. Extrafine particle fractions based on impactor-sized mass were near equivalent in the range 48.6% to 54%, comparing either abbreviated system with the benchmark ACI-measured data. The fine particle fraction of the impactor-sized mass determined by the T-FSA (94.4 +/- 1.7%) was greater than using the C-FSA (90.5 +/- 1.4%) and almost identical with the ACI-measured value (95.3 +/- 0.4%). The improved agreement between T-FSA and ACI is likely the result of increasing the dead space between the entry to the induction port and the uppermost impaction stage, compared with that for the C-FSA. This dead space is needed to provide comparable conditions for ethanol evaporation in the uppermost parts of these impactors.
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141
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Mitchell JP, Nagel MW, Avvakoumova V, MacKay H, Ali R. The abbreviated impactor measurement (AIM) concept: part 1--Influence of particle bounce and re-entrainment-evaluation with a "dry" pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI)-based formulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2009; 10:243-51. [PMID: 19280348 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-009-9202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The abbreviated impactor measurement concept is a potential improvement to the labor-intensive full-resolution cascade impactor methodology for inhaler aerosol aerodynamic particle size distribution (APSD) measurement by virtue of being simpler and therefore quicker to execute. At the same time, improved measurement precision should be possible by eliminating stages upon which little or no drug mass is collected. Although several designs of abbreviated impactor systems have been developed in recent years, experimental work is lacking to validate the technique with aerosols produced by currently available inhalers. In part 1 of this two-part article that focuses on aerosols produced by pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDIs), the evaluation of two abbreviated impactor systems (Copley fast screening Andersen impactor and Trudell fast screening Andersen impactor), based on the full-resolution eight-stage Andersen nonviable cascade impactor (ACI) operating principle, is reported with a formulation producing dry particles. The purpose was to investigate the potential for non-ideal collection behavior associated with particle bounce in relation to internal losses to surfaces from which particles containing active pharmaceutical ingredient are not normally recovered. Both abbreviated impactors were found to be substantially equivalent to the full-resolution ACI in terms of extra-fine and fine particle and coarse mass fractions used as metrics to characterize the APSD of these pMDI-produced aerosols when sampled at 28.3 L/min, provided that precautions are taken to coat collection plates to minimize bounce and entrainment.
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Ali R, Ozkalemkas F, Kimya Y, Koksal N, Ozkan H, Ozkocaman V, Hoyrazli A, Cetinkaya M, Tunali A. Acute leukemia and pregnancy. Leuk Res 2009; 33:e26-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 07/09/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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143
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Ali R, Kim R, Tellides G, Geirsson A. 446: Dynamic Regulation of Micro RNAs in Ischemic Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure. J Heart Lung Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2008.11.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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144
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Ali R, Le Maitre CL, Richardson SM, Hoyland JA, Freemont AJ. Connective tissue growth factor expression in human intervertebral disc: implications for angiogenesis in intervertebral disc degeneration. Biotech Histochem 2008; 83:239-45. [PMID: 19016368 DOI: 10.1080/10520290802539186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is strongly associated with chronic low back pain, one of the most common causes of morbidity in the West. While normal healthy IVD is avascular, angiogenesis is a constant feature of IVD degeneration and has been shown to be associated with in-growth of nerves. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis. To investigate the expression of CTGF in both normal and degenerated IVD, 21 IVDs were obtained from patients at surgery or postmortem examination and grouped according to the severity of histological degeneration. The immunohistochemical expression of CTGF was correlated with the degree of degeneration. CD31 immunohistochemistry was used to correlate IVD degeneration with vasculature. Our results showed that CTGF is expressed in non-degenerated and degenerated human IVDs and increased expression of CTGF is associated with degenerated discs, particularly within areas of neovascularization. We suggest that CTGF may play a role in angiogenesis in the human degenerated IVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ali
- Department of Tissue Injury and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Al-wahab Z, Malone J, Bryant C, Shah J, Vay A, Ali R, Solomon L, Morris R. Papillary Serous Carcinoma of the Cervix: Case Report. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2008.09.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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146
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Injecting drug users are vulnerable to infection with HIV and other blood borne viruses as a result of collective use of injecting equipment as well as sexual behaviour. OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of oral substitution treatment for opioid dependent injecting drug users on rates of HIV infections, and high risk behaviours. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO to March 2007. We also searched reference lists of articles, reviews and conference abstracts SELECTION CRITERIA Studies were required to consider the incidence of risk behaviours, or the incidence of HIV infection related to substitution treatment of opioid dependence. All types of original studies were considered. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS One reviewer extracted data from included studies, assessed quality and confirmed decisions by consulting with all other reviewers. MAIN RESULTS Thirty-three studies, involving 10,400 participants, were included. The majority were not randomised controlled studies and there were problems of confounding and bias. The studies varied in several aspects limiting the extent of quantitative analysis. Studies consistently show that oral substitution treatment for opioid-dependent injecting drug users is associated with statistically significant reductions in illicit opioid use, injecting use and sharing of injecting equipment. It is also associated with reductions in the proportion of injecting drug users reporting multiple sex partners or exchanges of sex for drugs or money, but has little effect on condom use. It appears that the reductions in risk behaviours related to drug use do translate into reductions in cases of HIV infection. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Oral substitution treatment for injecting opioid users reduces drug-related behaviours with a high risk of HIV transmission, but has less effect on sex-related risk behaviours. The lack of data from randomised controlled studies limits the strength of the evidence presented in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gowing
- University of Adelaide, Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology, DASC Evidence-Bsed Practice Unit, Adelaide, Australia, 5005.
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147
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Ali R, Raina V. Developing innovative models for North-South cooperation in clinical research--experience from the INDOX Cancer Research Network. Ann Oncol 2008; 19:831-3. [PMID: 18325920 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdn034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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148
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149
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Chappell MJ, Evans ND, Errington RJ, Khan IA, Campbell L, Ali R, Godfrey KR, Smith PJ. A coupled drug kinetics-cell cycle model to analyse the response of human cells to intervention by topotecan. Comput Methods Programs Biomed 2008; 89:169-178. [PMID: 18082908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2007.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2007] [Revised: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 11/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A model describing the response of the growth of single human cells in the absence and presence of the anti-cancer agent topotecan (TPT) is presented. The model includes a novel coupling of both the kinetics of TPT and cell cycle responses to the agent. By linking the models in this way, rather than using separate (disjoint) approaches, it is possible to illustrate how the drug perturbs the cell cycle. The model is compared to experimental in vitro cell cycle response data (comprising single cell descriptors for molecular and behavioural events), showing good qualitative agreement for a range of TPT dose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Chappell
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
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150
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Rasheed Z, Ahmad R, Rasheed N, Ali R. Reactive oxygen species damaged human serum albumin in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2007; 26:395-404. [PMID: 17987802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damaged human serum albumin (HSA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been investigated in the present study. HSA was modified by hydroxyl radical. Modification occurred in HSA was characterized by physico-chemical techniques. ROS modified HSA was found to be highly immunogenic in rabbits. The binding characteristics of circulating antibodies in HCC patients against native and ROS-modified HSA were assessed. HCC patients (n = 31) were examined by direct binding ELISA and their results were compared with healthy age-matched controls (n = 22). High degree of specific binding by 77.4% of HCC sera towards ROS-HSA, in comparison to its native analogue (p < 0.05) was observed. Competitive ELISA reiterates the direct binding results. Gel retardation assay further substantiated the enhanced recognition of ROS-HSA by circulating antibodies in HCC patients. The increase in total serum protein carbonyl levels in the HCC patients was largely due to an increase in oxidized albumin. Purified HSA of HCC patients (HCC-HSA) contained higher levels of carbonyls than HSA of normal subjects (normal-HSA) (p < 0.01). HCC-HSA was conformationally altered, with more exposure of its hydrophobic regions. Collectively, the oxidation of plasma proteins, especially HSA, might enhance oxidative stress in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Rasheed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, AMU, Aligarh, India.
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