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Hassan IA, Wang S, Xu L, Yan R, Song X, XiangRui L. Immunological response and protection of mice immunized with plasmid encodingToxoplasma gondiiglycolytic enzyme malate dehydrogenase. Parasite Immunol 2014; 36:674-83. [DOI: 10.1111/pim.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Song YL, Jing WH, Du G, Yang FQ, Yan R, Wang YT. Qualitative analysis and enantiospecific determination of angular-type pyranocoumarins in Peucedani Radix using achiral and chiral liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1338:24-37. [PMID: 24630501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Angular-type pyranocoumarins (APs), the derivatives of khellactone, are widely documented as the main active constituents in Peucedani Radix (Chinese name: Qian-hu). Owing to the natural occurrence of chiral centers, enantiomers of APs are extensively distributed in the original plant, and enantioselective performances have been definitely demonstrated for these enantiomers. In current study, the chemical characterization of the major and minor APs in Peucedani Radix was performed using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and hybrid ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometry. On the other hand, a heart-cut two-dimensional achiral-chiral liquid chromatography combining triple quadropole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry system (2D LC-MS/MS) was developed for simultaneous enantiospecific quantification of eighteen coumarins, including seven pairs of enantiomers. Eleven APs (1-11) were recruited to propose UV absorption characteristics and electrospray ionization fragmentation patterns of APs. A total of 42 components were categorized into APs based on their UV spectral properties and identified according to the proposed mass fragmentation pathways, while two linear-type furanocoumarins (12-13) were unambiguously assigned by further purification. A Capcell core RP-C18 column was employed in the primary LC dimension to achieve efficient racemic separation for the main chemical constituents (1-9 and 12-13) in Peucedani Radix, while a Chiralpak AD-RH column was utilized in the secondary dimension to contribute enantioselective separation for seven enantiomerically enriched components (1, 3 and 5-9). Collectively, the results provided the chemical evidences for revealing the material basis of the therapeutic effects of Peucedani Radix, and the developed 2D LC-MS/MS system in the present study is expected to be an ideal tool for the quality control of Peucedani Radix as well as a reliable technique for complex matrices containing both achiral and chiral components.
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Yan R, Wu H. SU-E-J-137: Hybrid EOE and EOI Dynamic Gating for Effective Image Guided Radiation Treatment. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Gao L, Nilson PM, Igumenschev IV, Fiksel G, Yan R, Davies JR, Martinez D, Smalyuk V, Haines MG, Blackman EG, Froula DH, Betti R, Meyerhofer DD. Observation of self-similarity in the magnetic fields generated by the ablative nonlinear Rayleigh-Taylor instability. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:185003. [PMID: 23683208 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.185003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic fields generated by the nonlinear Rayleigh-Taylor growth of laser-seeded three-dimensional broadband perturbations were measured in laser-accelerated planar targets using ultrafast proton radiography. The experimental data show self-similar behavior in the growing cellular magnetic field structures. These observations are consistent with a bubble competition and merger model that predicts the time evolution of the number and size of the bubbles, linking the cellular magnetic field structures with the Rayleigh-Taylor bubble and spike growth.
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Wang H, Xue L, Yan R, Zhou Y, Wang MS, Cheng MJ, Huang HJ. Comparison of FIB-4 and APRI in Chinese HBV-infected patients with persistently normal ALT and mildly elevated ALT. J Viral Hepat 2013; 20:e3-10. [PMID: 23490387 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Significant liver disease has been reported in chronic hepatitis B patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Liver biopsy (LB) is the current gold standard for assessing hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV. However, associated risks have led to the development of noninvasive models. Their utility in patients with normal ALT is unknown. FIB-4 and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) were calculated for patients with chronic HBV infection undergoing biopsy. The performance of each model and AUROC for predicting significant fibrosis (Scheuer's score ≥ S2) were determined for the entire cohort and stratified by elevated (≥50 U/L) and normal ALT. Two-hundred and thirty-one liver biopsies were included. The number of patient with normal ALT was 140, and 22.1% had significant fibrosis. The AUROC curve for patients with normal ALT was 0.81 for FIB-4 and 0.80 for APRI, compared with 0.71 for FIB-4 and 0.72 for APRI for those with mildly elevated ALT level. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of FIB-4 were 0.63, 0.88, 0.61 and 0.93, for patients with normal ALT; the values for APRI were 0.40, 0.88, 0.33 and 0.93. Both FIB-4 and APRI are useful for identification of those without significant fibrosis. However, because they have poor PPV, LB will continue to be used for assessment of HBV-infected patients with normal ALT and mildly elevated ALT.
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Yan R, Ren C, Li J, Maximov AV, Mori WB, Sheng ZM, Tsung FS. Generating energetic electrons through staged acceleration in the two-plasmon-decay instability in inertial confinement fusion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:175002. [PMID: 22680873 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.175002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new hot-electron generation mechanism in two-plasmon-decay instabilities is described based on a series of 2D, long-term (~10 ps) particle-in-cell and fluid simulations under parameters relevant to inertial confinement fusion. The simulations show that significant laser absorption and hot-electron generation occur in the nonlinear stage. The hot electrons are stage accelerated from the low-density region to the high-density region. New modes with small phase velocities develop in the low-density region in the nonlinear stage and form the first stage for electron acceleration. Electron-ion collisions are shown to significantly reduce the efficiency of this acceleration mechanism.
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Fan L, Dan C, Guang L, Yan R. 1.052 SLEEP DISORDERS IN DIFFERENT CLINICAL SUBGROUPS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(11)70166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Yan R, Zhong W, Zhu Y, Zhang X. Trichosanthin-stimulated dendritic cells induce a type 2 helper T lymphocyte response through the OX40 ligand. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:491-500. [PMID: 23397671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichosanthin (TCS) induces a type 2 helper T lymphocyte (T(H)2) immune response that leads to the production of TCS-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E and a subsequent allergic reaction in vivo. However, events immediately following treatment with TCS are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate whether dendritic cells (DCs) are the initial mediators of T(H)2 cell polarization induced by TCS and to investigate potential causative mechanisms METHODS DCs were cultured from purified human peripheral monocytes in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL) 4. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell surface antigen, intracellular cytokines, DC endocytic capacity, and apoptosis. The transcriptional profile for 120 genes in DCs was detected using oligonucleotide microarray analysis. RESULTS TCS exerted a cytotoxic effect on DCs in a concentration-dependent manner. Although TCS alone did not induce full maturation of DC, it did so in the presence of tumor necrosis factor alpha and IL-1beta in vitro. TCS-stimulated DCs induced a decreased ratio of T(H)1/T(H)2 cells derived from naïve T cells and showed selective expression of OX40 ligand (OX40L) at both mRNA and protein levels. This induction was partially blocked by anti-OX40L antibody. CONCLUSION Our results imply that TCS-stimulated DCs polarize the development of T(H)2 cells partially by means of the OX40L signal. Modulation of these DC will favor the alleviation of TCS-induced allergy.
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Yan R, Wang H, Yang Z, Ji ZH, Guo YM. Predicted probability of meniscus tears: comparing history and physical examination with MRI. Swiss Med Wkly 2011; 141:w13314. [PMID: 22180191 DOI: 10.4414/smw.2011.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The indication for surgical treatment of a meniscal lesion should not only rely on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, but also on a detailed history and a thorough clinical examination. However, various intra-articular lesions may often produce similar symptoms. So, what kinds of symptoms are more associated with a meniscal tear? Is MRI worth doing? OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to identify sensitive and specific clinical tests and elements of patients' history with a high predictive value, and to assess the combined diagnostic accuracy of sensitive and specific clinical tests and elements of patients' history with MRI. METHODS Data from 281 consecutive knee arthroscopies to investigate and treat suspected internal knee pathologies were retrospectively collected between March 2009 and April 2010. The study group consisted of 262 knees. Statistically significant factors in the clinical diagnosis of meniscal tears were screened by a chi-square test. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which factors associated with meniscal tears found during arthroscopy. The diagnostic values of MRI and the sensitive and specific clinical tests and elements of patients' history with high predictive value for meniscal tears were calculated. RESULTS The overall diagnostic value of MRI for meniscal tears was: accuracy, 88.8%; sensitivity, 95.7%; specificity, 75.8%; positive predictive value (PPV), 88.2%; and negative predictive value (NPV), 90.4%. Giving way, locking and McMurray's test were independent diagnostic factors with a predicted correct percentage of 80.0% (p <0.05) for the diagnosis of meniscal tears found during arthroscopy. Locking, McMurray's test and MRI increased the predicted correct percentage of meniscal tears found during arthroscopy to 91.6% (p <0.05). For the diagnosis of meniscal tears found during arthroscopy, giving way, locking and McMurray's test had the following values for accuracy (49.2, 60.9, 76), sensitivity (43.5, 55.2, 75.8), specificity (84, 96, 76.9), PPV (94.4, 98.8, 95.1) and NPV (19.4, 25.8, 35.1). Combining MRI, the diagnostic values of giving way, locking, and McMurray's test were: accuracy, 88.3,89.9,89.4; sensitivity, 95.7,97.4,97.4; specificity, 74.2,75.8,74.2; PPV, 87.5,88.4,87.7; and NPV, 90.2,94,93.9. CONCLUSIONS Giving way, locking and McMurray's test are independent clinical diagnostic factors for the diagnosis of meniscal tears. MRI has higher accuracy, sensitivity and NPV for the diagnosis of meniscal tears than giving way, locking and McMurray's test. The combination of giving way, locking, McMurray's test and MRI for confirmation is typical for a meniscal lesion diagnosis. Based on these findings, MRI should be used in a standard manner to detect meniscal tears found during arthroscopy.
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Song YL, Jing WH, Zhao HY, Yan R, Li PT, Wang YT. Stereoselective metabolism of (±)-praeruptorin A, a calcium channel blocker from Peucedani Radix, in pooled liver microsomes of rats and humans. Xenobiotica 2011; 42:231-7. [PMID: 21957884 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2011.609250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
(±)-Praeruptorin A (PA) is the major component of Peucedani Radix. The present study investigated stereoselectivity in PA metabolism in liver microsomes of rats (RLMs) and humans (HLMs), for the first time. PA was enantioseparated by semi-preparative chiral HPLC. Metabolic profiles of the dextrorotatory (dPA) and the levorotatory (lPA) forms in HLMs and RLMs were determined using LC-MS/MS. (-)-cis-Khellactone (D1) prepared from basic hydrolysis of dPA, and (3'R, 4'R)-4'-angeloyl-khellactone (L8) and (3'R, 4'R)-3'-angeloyl-khellactone (L9) isolated from a scale-up incubation of lPA with rat plasma were unambiguously identified by LC-MS/MS and NMR analysis. Other metabolites were tentatively identified using LC-MS/MS. In the absence of NADPH-regenerating system, dPA remained intact, however, lPA yielded L8 and L9 via a carboxylesterase(s)-mediated process. In the presence of NADPH-regenerating system, lPA produced 9 (L1-9) metabolites in both species, while dPA generated 12 (D1-12) and 6 (D1-3, 6, 9 and 10) metabolites in RLMs and HLMs, respectively. Hydrolysis, oxidation and acyl migration were demonstrated to be the predominant pathways for both enantiomers. Both enantiomers were eliminated faster in RLMs than in HLMs, while lPA showed greater species difference. PA enantiomers exhibited stereoselective metabolism in RLMs and HLMs, implying chiral discrimination in their actions.
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Yan R, Chen S, Zhang X, Han J, Zhang Y, Undersander D. Short communication: Effects of replacing part of corn silage and alfalfa hay with Leymus chinensis hay on milk production and composition. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:3605-8. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Li Z, Yan C, Yan R, Feng Z. Analytical Performance of the Abbott Architect i2000 Tacrolimus Assay in Chinese Patients After Renal Transplantation. Transplant Proc 2010; 42:4534-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.09.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang XZ, Xu ZJ, Tai RZ, Zhen XJ, Wang Y, Guo Z, Yan R, Chang R, Wang B, Li M, Zhao J, Gao F. Ratio-contrast imaging of dual-energy absorption for element mapping with a scanning transmission X-ray microscope. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2010; 17:804-809. [PMID: 20975228 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049510031250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The detection of chemical mapping with a spatial resolution of 30 nm has been achieved with a scanning transmission X-ray microscope at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. For each specimen, two absorption images were scanned separately with energies E(1) and E(2): E(1) was focused on the absorption edge of the chosen element and E(2) was focused below the edge. A K-edge division method is proposed and applied to obtain the element mapping. Compared with the frequently used K-edge subtraction method, this ratio-contrast method is shown to be more accurate and sensitive in identifying the elements of interest, where the definition of the contrast threshold is simple and clear in physics. Several examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the method.
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Jing WH, Song YL, Yan R, Bi HC, Li PT, Wang YT. Transport and metabolism of (±)-praeruptorin A in Caco-2 cell monolayers. Xenobiotica 2010; 41:71-81. [DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2010.526653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhu D, Wang J, Zeng Q, Zhang Z, Yan R. A novel endophytic Huperzine A-producing fungus, Shiraia sp. Slf14, isolated from Huperzia serrata. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:1469-78. [PMID: 20602655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To characterize and identify a novel Huperzine A (HupA)-producing fungal strain Slf14 isolated from Huperzia serrata (Thunb. ex Murray) Trev. in China. METHODS AND RESULTS The isolation, identification and characterization of a novel endophytic fungus producing HupA specifically and consistently from the leaves of H. serrata were investigated. The fungus was identified as Shiraia sp. Slf14 by molecular and morphological methods. The HupA produced by this endophytic fungus was shown to be identical to authentic HupA analysed by thin layer chromatographic, High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LC-MS, (1) H NMR and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity in vitro. The amount of HupA produced by Shiraia sp. Slf14 was quantified to be 327.8 μg l(-1) by HPLC, which was far higher than that of the reported endophytic fungi, Acremonium sp., Blastomyces sp. and Botrytis sp. CONCLUSIONS The production of HupA by endophyte Shiraia sp. Slf14 is an enigmatic observation. It would be interesting to further study the HupA production and regulation by the cultured endophyte in H. serrata and in axenic cultures. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Although the current accumulation of HupA by the endophyte is not very high, it could provide a promising alterative approach for large-scale production of HupA. However, further strain improvement and the fermentation process optimization are required to result in the consistent and dependable production.
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Li S, Wang Z, Liao Y, Zhang W, Shi Q, Yan R, Ruan C, Dai K. The glycoprotein Ibalpha-von Willebrand factor interaction induces platelet apoptosis. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:341-50. [PMID: 19840363 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The interaction of glycoprotein (GP) Ibalpha with von Willebrand factor (VWF) initiates platelet adhesion, and simultaneously triggers intracellular signaling cascades leading to platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. Some of the signaling events are similar to those occurring during apoptosis, however, it is still unclear whether platelet apoptosis is induced by the GPIbalpha-VWF interaction. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the GPIbalpha-VWF interaction induces platelet apoptosis and the role of 14-3-3zeta in apoptotic signaling. METHODS Apoptotic events were assessed in platelets or Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing wild-type (1b9) or mutant GPIb-IX interacting with VWF by flow cytometry or western blotting. RESULTS Ristocetin-induced GPIbalpha-VWF interaction elicited apoptotic events in platelets, including phosphatidylserine exposure, elevations of Bax and Bak, gelsolin cleavage, and depolarization of mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential. Apoptotic events were also elicited in platelets exposed to pathologic shear stresses in the presence of VWF; however, the shear-induced apoptosis was eliminated by the anti-GPIbalpha antibody AK2. Furthermore, apoptotic events occurred in 1b9 cells stimulated with VWF and ristocetin, but were significantly diminished in two CHO cell lines expressing mutant GPIb-IX with GPIbalpha truncated at residue 551 or a serine-to-alanine mutation at the 14-3-3zeta-binding site in GPIbalpha. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the GPIbalpha-VWF interaction induces apoptotic events in platelets, and that the association of 14-3-3zeta with the cytoplasmic domain of GPIbalpha is essential for apoptotic signaling. This finding may suggest a novel mechanism for platelet clearance or some thrombocytopenic diseases.
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Yan R, Maximov AV, Ren C, Tsung FS. Growth and saturation of convective modes of the two-plasmon decay instability in inertial confinement fusion. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2009; 103:175002. [PMID: 19905766 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.175002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Particle-in-cell (PIC) and fluid simulations of two-plasmon decay (TPD) instability under conditions relevant to inertial confinement fusion show the importance of convective modes. Growing at the lower density region, the convective modes can cause pump depletion and are energetically dominant in the nonlinear stage. The PIC simulations show that TPD saturates due to ion density fluctuations, which can turn off TPD by raising the instability threshold through mode coupling.
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Li S, Shi Q, Wang Z, Yan R, Cheng H, Dai K. Hypergravity results in human platelet hyperactivity. J Physiol Biochem 2009; 65:147-56. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03179065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Aigbirhio FI, Allen P, Andersson S, Anton M, Barron D, Bloom AJ, Botting NP, Brandau W, Brichard L, Brown JA, Brown RT, Cable KM, Caffrey M, Carroll MA, Chaplin DJ, Coissard V, Cuyckens F, Demmer O, Dijkgraaf I, Dyke AM, Gill DM, Hall KA, Hester AJ, Hickey M, Irvine S, Janssen C, Kerr WJ, Kessler H, Kingston LP, Landreau C, Lawrie KWM, Lloyd-Jones G, Loaring H, Lockley WJS, Marshall LJ, Mo B, Moseley JD, Murrell VL, Nilsson GN, Oekonomopulos R, Pinney KG, Pleasance S, Raddatz S, Rees AT, Reid RG, Renny JS, Robert F, Rustidge D, Schumacher U, Schwaiger DM, Sharma S, Soloviev D, Spivey AC, Sriram M, Thijssen J, Tseng CC, Verluyten W, Viton F, Vliegen M, Weldon H, Wester HJ, Wilkinson DJ, Williams JMJ, Williamson G, Willis CL, Yan R. Abstracts of the 17th International Isotope Society (UK group) Symposium Synthesis and Applications of Labelled Compounds 2008. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Åberg G, Aigbirhio FI, Alexakis E, Al-Maharik N, Almi M, Ambacher Y, Andersson S, Athlan A, Badman G, Baldwin SA, Baumann M, Baxendale IR, Botting NP, Bragg RA, Brown JA, Burton A, Bushby N, Cable K, Campbell G, Carr R, Carroll M, Chen L, Christlieb M, Davies P, Ellames GJ, Ellis W, Elmore C, Fryatt T, Geach N, Harding JR, Hartmann S, Harwood S, Hayward JJ, Henderson PJF, Herbert RB, Heys JR, Hölzl S, Hopkin MD, Horn P, Ilyas T, Irvine S, Jackson SD, Jin J, Keats A, Kennedy AR, Kerr WJ, Kitching MO, Landreau C, Lanners S, Lawrence R, Lawrie KWM, Ley SV, Little G, Lockley WJS, Maier D, Manning C, McNeill A, Middleton DA, Montgomery S, Morrison JJ, Mrzljak L, Newman J, Newsome J, Nikbin-Roudsari N, Nilsson GN, Oldfield MF, Patching SG, Procter DJ, Randall G, Robertson AA, Rummel CS, Rustidge D, Sherhod R, Shipley N, Smith CD, Smith CJ, Smith DI, Song C, Tamborini L, Waterhouse I, Watts A, Werkheiser JL, Williams G, Willis CL, Woodward P, Yan R, Young G, Zhang Q. 16th International Isotope Society (UK group) Symposium. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Li G, Yan R, Ren C, Wang TL, Tonge J, Mori WB. Laser channeling in millimeter-scale underdense plasmas of fast-ignition targets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:125002. [PMID: 18517876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.125002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that laser channeling in millimeter-scale underdense plasmas is a highly nonlinear and dynamic process involving longitudinal plasma buildup, laser hosing, channel bifurcation and self-correction, and electron heating to relativistic temperatures. The channeling speed is much less than the linear group velocity of the laser. The simulations find that low-intensity channeling pulses are preferred to minimize the required laser energy but with an estimated lower bound on the intensity of I approximately 5x10(18) W/cm(2) if the channel is to be established within 100 ps. The channel is also shown to significantly increase the transmission of an ignition pulse.
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Li W, Yan R, Jing X, Jiang B. Crystallization kinetics of mixtures of poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile). J MACROMOL SCI B 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00222349208215514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Fraser GE, Yan R, Preston-Martin S. Sensitivity and PPPV of Tumor Registry Matching for a Nation-Wide Cohort Study. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s93-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Fraser GE, Yan R. Multivariate Measurement Error Correction Using Two Biomarkers Per Variable. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s154-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Fraser GE, Yan R, Bell LS. Age- and Cohort-Specific Time Trends in Bmi among Black and White Seventh-Day Adventists During Six Decades. Am J Epidemiol 2006. [DOI: 10.1093/aje/163.suppl_11.s45-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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