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Wattacheril J, Shea PR, Mohammad S, Behling C, Aggarwal V, Wilson LA, Yates KP, Ito J, Fishbein M, Stong N, Lavine JE, Goldstein DB. Exome sequencing of an adolescent with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease identifies a clinically actionable case of Wilson disease. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2018; 4:mcs.a003087. [PMID: 30026388 PMCID: PMC6169823 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic whole-exome sequencing has proven highly successful in a range of rare diseases, particularly early-onset genetic conditions. In more common conditions, however, exome sequencing for diagnostic purposes remains the exception. Here we describe a patient initially diagnosed with a common, complex liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), who was determined to have Wilson disease (WD) upon research-related exome sequencing. The patient presented as a 14.5-yr-old adolescent with chronically elevated aminotransferases, normal ceruloplasmin, and histologic examination consistent with NAFLD with advanced fibrosis. He was enrolled in a large longitudinal study of patients with NAFLD and was found to have WD by exome sequencing performed 4 yr later. This new diagnosis, confirmed clinically by 24 h urine copper quantification, led to a change in the therapy from lifestyle counseling to directed treatment with d-penicillamine, a copper chelating agent. In this case, the likelihood of making the correct diagnosis and thereby choosing the appropriate treatment was increased by exome sequencing and careful interpretation. This example illustrates the utility of exome sequencing diagnostically in more common conditions not currently considered as targets for genome-wide evaluation and adds to a growing body of evidence that patients diagnosed with more common conditions often in fact have rarer genetically determined syndromes that have escaped clinical detection.
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Gjessing MC, Christensen DH, Manji F, Mohammad S, Petersen PE, Saure B, Skjengen C, Weli SC, Dale OB. Salmon gill poxvirus disease in Atlantic salmon fry as recognized by improved immunohistochemistry also demonstrates infected cells in non-respiratory epithelial cells. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1103-1110. [PMID: 29745427 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Gill diseases cause serious losses in farming of Atlantic salmon and the number of agents involved increases. Salmon gill poxvirus (SGPV) and the gill disease in causes where SGPV apparently was the only disease-causing agent were initially characterized. Recently, it was further shown that SGPV can be a common denominator in widely different multifactorial gill diseases. Here, we present the challenge of diagnosing gill disease with SGPV in salmon fry of 0,3-5 grams. Apoptosis of gill lamellar epithelial cells and hemophagocytosis was also observed in fry similar to findings in smolts and grow-out fish. Using our newly developed immunohistochemistry method, we further demonstrate that some of the apoptotic epithelial cells covering the oral cavity were positive for SGPV. Thus, SGPV is not restricted to respiratory epithelium alone and may infect the fish at very early life stages. Furthermore, as the cases examined here are from Norway, Faroe Island and Scotland, we show that SGPV is more widespread than previously reported.
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Mohammad S. International quality of life, similar but different. Pediatr Transplant 2017; 21. [PMID: 28752675 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chandrasekhar M, Mohammad S, Walker K, Ruiz G, Groninger H. Trends in Palliative Care in Inpatient Advanced Heart Failure After Initiation of a Dedicated Palliative Care Team. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mohammad S. Lateral arthroplasty versus conventional arthroplasty in Sawhney's type III temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a comparison. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bass LM, Kim S, Superina R, Mohammad S. Jejunal varices diagnosed by capsule endoscopy in patients with post-liver transplant portal hypertension. Pediatr Transplant 2017; 21. [PMID: 27762481 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Portal hypertension secondary to portal vein obstruction following liver transplant occurs in 5%-10% of children. Jejunal varices are uncommon in this group. We present a case series of children with significant GI blood loss, negative upper endoscopy, and jejunal varices detected by CE. Case series of patients who had CE for chronic GI blood loss following liver transplantation. Three patients who had their initial transplants at a median age of 7 months were identified at our institution presenting at a median age of 8 years (range 7-16 years) with a median Hgb of 2.8 g/dL (range 1.8-6.8 g/dL). Upper endoscopy was negative for significant esophageal varices, gastric varices, and bleeding portal gastropathy in all three children. All three patients had significant jejunal varices noted on CE in mid-jejunum. Jejunal varices were described as large prominent bluish vessels underneath visualized mucosa, one with evidence of recent bleeding. The results led to venoplasty of the portal vein in two patients and a decompressive shunt in one patient with resolution of GI bleed and anemia. CE is useful to diagnose intestinal varices in children with portal hypertension and GI bleeding following liver transplant.
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Salimin N, Mohammad S, Goh H, Tang S, Chong C, Salim SM, Ahmad H, Abdullah N, Muzzamer M, Sayuty AA, Rahman SA. 325P Preliminary review of computed tomography (CT)-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) in treatment of cervical cancers: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) experience. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(21)00483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Mohammad S, Wolfe LA, Stöbe P, Biskup S, Wainwright MS, Melin-Aldana H, Malladi P, Muenke M, Gahl WA, Whitington PF. Infantile Cirrhosis, Growth Impairment, and Neurodevelopmental Anomalies Associated with Deficiency of PPP1R15B. J Pediatr 2016; 179:144-149.e2. [PMID: 27640355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of whole-exome sequencing (WES) in a sibling pair with undetermined liver disease and describe the phenotype associated with mutations discovered therein. STUDY DESIGN Next-generation WES was performed on 2 siblings (S1 and S2) who were born to nonconsanguineous parents of European extraction. Both siblings developed cirrhosis of indeterminate etiology and required liver transplantation; S1 at 7 months and S2 at 22 months. RESULTS Sequencing of germline DNA identified compound heterozygous mutations in PPP1R15B resulting in increased levels of phosphorylated eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α. CONCLUSIONS The first demonstration of PPP1R15B associated with liver disease expands the phenotypic spectrum of PPP1R15B related diseases. Our findings validate the application of WES in the diagnosis of children with undetermined liver disease. Understanding the genetic basis of liver disease may allow the development of targeted therapies for treatment and adequate counseling of families.
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Salimin N, Mohammad S, Goh H, Tang S, Chong C, Mohd Salim S, Ahmad H, Abdullah N, Muzzamer M, Ahmad Sayuty A, Abdul Rahman S. 325P Preliminary review of computed tomography (CT)-based image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) in treatment of cervical cancers: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) experience. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw585.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mohammad S. Budesonide as first-line therapy for non-cirrhotic autoimmune hepatitis in children: a decision analysis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:753-62. [PMID: 26762679 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1130166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Therapy for autoimmune hepatitis has been prednisone based for decades; however, budesonide may be equally effective with fewer side effects. Our aim was to evaluate quality-adjusted life years and health care costs of three different treatment regimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treatment using prednisone, budesonide or a combination of both over a three-year period in newly diagnosed children with type I autoimmune hepatitis were simulated with a Markov model. Transition probabilities were calculated over consecutive three-month period. Costs were determined from a hospital database and health utilities were estimated from the literature. A Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis was used to simulate the outcomes of 5000 patients in each treatment arm. RESULTS Compared to standard therapy, budesonide leads to a gain of 0.09 quality-adjusted life years, costing $17,722 per QALY over a three-year period. Standard therapy led to significantly lower QALY's compared to other strategies (p < 0.001). Health utilities of patients in remission in each treatment group had the greatest impact on the model. Budesonide remained the treatment of choice if the probability of inducing remission was 55% or greater. CONCLUSIONS Budesonide therapy in non-cirrhotic, treatment naïve patients with type I autoimmune hepatitis yielded greater QALY's compared to the current standard therapy with an acceptable increase in costs.
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Bush JW, Mohammad S, Melin-Aldana H, Kagalwalla AF, Arva NC. Eosinophilic density in graft biopsies positive for rejection and blood eosinophil count can predict development of post-transplant digestive tract eosinophilia. Pediatr Transplant 2016; 20:540-51. [PMID: 26917244 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
EGID is a known post-transplant complication. Its etiology has been related to antirejection medication, but other factors may also play a role as only few transplant recipients develop EGID despite standardized treatment. This study aimed to determine whether EGID is associated with rejection events and with a specific phenotype of the rejection-positive graft biopsies in children with solid organ transplant. All patients with liver, heart, and kidney transplant followed at our institution were included in the study. Digestive tract eosinophilia was more common in heart and liver recipients and was a rare event after renal transplantation. Subjects with EGID had higher incidence of rejection and elevated peripheral blood AEC. The first rejection event and high AEC values preceded EGID diagnosis in the majority of patients. Histologically, the initial rejection-positive graft biopsy revealed accentuated eosinophilia in EGID patients compared with non-EGID cohort, which correlated with higher blood eosinophil counts at the time of first rejection episode. Prominent graft tissue and peripheral blood eosinophilia prior to EGID diagnosis suggests a predisposition for eosinophil activation in patients with post-transplant digestive eosinophilic disorder. These parameters can be used as markers for subsequent development of EGID.
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Croy B, Redhead M, Felker A, Mara D, Portilho N, Mohammad S. Riddles posed by pregnancy-associated mouse uterine natural killer cells. J Reprod Immunol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2016.04.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Walrave TRWM, Mohammad S, Ploeger RR. [Mania induced by antibiotic therapy]. TIJDSCHRIFT VOOR PSYCHIATRIE 2016; 58:603-606. [PMID: 27527887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report two cases of adults who developed mania after taking the antibiotic clarithromycin. Clarithromycin is a frequently used antibiotic, but it can lead to a rare but significant psychiatric complication in the form of a manic episode. Mania is commonly associated with bipolar disorder, but the causes can be pharmacological, metabolic or neurologic, particularly when it occurs in patients who themselves or whose families have no past history of psychiatric illness. New-onset mania calls for detailed clinical and laboratory testing and neuro-imaging so that somatic causes can be ruled out. It is important that the currently used medication is included in the differential diagnosis of mania. The first step in treatment is to discontinue the antibiotic therapy. The pharmacological treatment for mania caused by antibiotic therapy is largely the same as for mania in bipolar disorder; this means starting with anti-manic and anti-psychotic medication and providing a structured and calming environment. Most cases of pharmacologically induced mania are resolved if the aetiology is determined and treated. Mania that has pharmacological causes generally does not require prophylactic mood-stabilising treatment. Nevertheless, a psychiatric follow-up is advisable. If these steps are taken, the prognosis is favourable.
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Rätsep MT, Paolozza A, Hickman AF, Maser B, Kay VR, Mohammad S, Pudwell J, Smith GN, Brien D, Stroman PW, Adams MA, Reynolds JN, Croy BA, Forkert ND. Brain Structural and Vascular Anatomy Is Altered in Offspring of Pre-Eclamptic Pregnancies: A Pilot Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2015; 37:939-45. [PMID: 26721772 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Pre-eclampsia is a serious clinical gestational disorder occurring in 3%-5% of all human pregnancies and characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications. Offspring born of pre-eclamptic pregnancies are reported to exhibit deficits in cognitive function, higher incidence of depression, and increased susceptibility to stroke. However, no brain imaging reports exist on these offspring. We aimed to assess brain structural and vascular anatomy in 7- to 10-year-old offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies compared with matched controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies and matched controls (n = 10 per group) were recruited from an established longitudinal cohort examining the effects of pre-eclampsia. Children underwent MR imaging to identify brain structural and vascular anatomic differences. Maternal plasma samples collected at birth were assayed for angiogenic factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies exhibited enlarged brain regional volumes of the cerebellum, temporal lobe, brain stem, and right and left amygdalae. These offspring displayed reduced cerebral vessel radii in the occipital and parietal lobes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis revealed underexpression of the placental growth factor among the maternal plasma samples from women who experienced pre-eclampsia. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to report brain structural and vascular anatomic alterations in the population of offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Brain structural alterations shared similarities with those seen in autism. Vascular alterations may have preceded these structural alterations. This pilot study requires further validation with a larger population to provide stronger estimates of brain structural and vascular outcomes among the offspring of pre-eclamptic pregnancies.
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Sabou S, Tseng THJ, Stephenson J, Siddique I, Verma R, Mohammad S. Correction of sagittal plane deformity and predictive factors for a favourable radiological outcome following multilevel posterior lumbar interbody fusion for mild degenerative scoliosis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2015; 25:2520-6. [PMID: 26626083 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4338-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lin HC, Melin-Aldana H, Mohammad S, Ekong UD, Alonso EM. Extended follow-up of pediatric liver transplantation patients receiving once daily calcineurin inhibitor. Pediatr Transplant 2015; 19:709-15. [PMID: 26256288 DOI: 10.1111/petr.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe longitudinal results in a cohort of pediatric liver transplant patients successfully minimized to once daily CNI monotherapy for longer than five yr and assess changes in liver biochemistries and liver histology. A retrospective chart review of all pediatric liver transplant patients at a single center was performed. Biopsies and serum biochemistries (AST, ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, INR, creatinine) are reported at time points: PM, five-yr, seven-yr, and nine-yr post-minimization. Biopsies were assessed for inflammation and fibrosis using Ishak and Batts grading systems. Successful minimization to daily CNI monotherapy was defined as normal liver enzymes with no episodes of rejection. Thirty-three patients have successfully remained on once daily CNI for >5 yr, and 19/33 of these patients have serial liver biopsies available for review. We report on the clinical and histological findings of these 19 patients. All 19 patients continue to have normal liver biochemistries. On post-minimization biopsies, fibrosis progressed by ≥2 stages in one patient (5.3%) despite normal liver biochemistries. Carefully selected patients can tolerate minimization to once daily CNI monotherapy as few have progression of fibrosis.
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Mohammad S. Hemicoronal approach for zygomatic complex fractures: an assessment. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.08.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dhambri S, Mohammad S, Van Buu ON, Galvani G, Meyer Y, Lannou MI, Sorin G, Ardisson J. Recent advances in the synthesis of natural multifunctionalized decalins. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:841-64. [PMID: 25891138 DOI: 10.1039/c4np00142g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent innovative synthetic strategies developed for the stereoselective construction of natural complex decalin systems. It offers an insight into various synthetic targets and approaches and provides information for developments within the area of natural products as well as synthetic methodology.
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Mohammad Y, Shaaban R, Hassan M, Yassine F, Mohammad S, Tessier JF, Ellwood P. Respiratory effects in children from passive smoking of cigarettes and narghile: ISAAC Phase Three in Syria. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2015; 18:1279-84. [PMID: 25299858 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and asthma symptoms is well documented, but a causal relationship is inconclusive. International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Three was the first to report a dose-response relationship between current wheezing and exposure to parental cigarette smoke. As exposure of children to water pipe (narghile) smoke is of concern in Syria, in the ISAAC Phase Three Tartous Centre we also examined the role of parental smoking of the narghile. METHODS Parents of children aged 6-7 years completed core written questionnaires about the prevalence of symptoms, and an environmental questionnaire for other risk factors, including parental cigarette smoking. We added questions about narghile to the questionnaire. RESULTS Among 2 734 pupils (49% females) surveyed, we found an association between exposure to ETS of the mother smoking cigarette or narghile and ever wheezing, nocturnal cough and severe wheeze; however, the strongest association was found when the mother smoked narghile. Mother smoking narghile was also associated with exercise wheeze. Father smoking narghile, but not cigarettes, was associated with nocturnal cough, severe wheeze and exercise wheeze. The association with current wheeze became significant when mother smoked both cigarettes and narghile; however, the effect was addititive and not synergic. CONCLUSION We recommend that international studies investigating ETS include questions on narghile smoking.
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Perito ER, Mohammad S, Rosenthal P, Alonso EM, Ekong UD, Lobritto SJ, Feng S. Posttransplant metabolic syndrome in the withdrawal of immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients (WISP-R) pilot trial. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:779-85. [PMID: 25648649 PMCID: PMC4426259 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Posttransplant metabolic syndrome (PTMS)-obesity, hypertension, elevated triglycerides, low HDL and glucose intolerance-is a major contributor to morbidity after adult liver transplant. This analysis of the Withdrawal of Immunosuppression in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients (WISP-R) pilot trial is the first prospective study of PTMS after pediatric liver transplant. Twenty children were enrolled in WISP-R, at median age 8.5 years (IQR 6.4-10.8), and weaned from calcineurin-inhibitor monotherapy. The 12 children who tolerated complete immunosuppression withdrawal were compared to matched historical controls. At baseline, 45% of WISP-R subjects and 58% of controls had at least one component of PTMS. Calcineurin-inhibitor withdrawal in the WISP-R subjects did not impact the prevalence of PTMS components compared to controls. At 5 years, despite weaning off of immunosuppression, 92% of the 12 tolerant WISP-R subjects had at least one PTMS component and 58% had at least two; 33% were overweight or obese, 50% had dyslipidemia, 33% glucose intolerance and 42% systolic hypertension. Overweight/obesity increased the risk of hypertension in all children. Compared to controls, WISP-R tolerant subjects had similar GFR at baseline but did have higher GFR at 2, 3 and 4 years. Further study of PTMS and immunosuppression withdrawal after pediatric liver transplant is warranted.
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Singh S, Mehrotra D, Mohammad S. Profile changes after conventional and chin shield genioplasty. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2014; 4:70-5. [PMID: 25737921 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the profile changes after conventional and chin shield genioplasty. MATERIAL AND METHOD 20 patients with retruded chin were randomly allocated to two different groups. The experimental group had chin shield osteotomy with interposition of hydroxyapatite collagen graft soaked in platelet rich plasma, while the controls had a conventional genioplasty. The outcome variables evaluated were lip seal, chin thickness, mandibular base length, SNB, labiomental angle, anterior lower facial height, transverse chin shift, and complications. RESULTS There was an increase in chin thickness among all, but a significant increase in anterior lower facial height was seen in the experimental group only. There was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction score in both groups. CONCLUSION Chin shield genioplasty provides horizontal as well as vertical lengthening of chin without deepening of the mentolabial fold. Hydroxyapatite collagen bone graft and platelet rich plasma promote healing, induce bone formation and reduce bone resorption.
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Singh N, Pal US, Mohammad S, Singh RK, Mehta G, Makadia HS. Unilateral temporomandibular joint ankylosis with contralateral aplasia. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2014; 4:256-9. [PMID: 24665190 PMCID: PMC3961909 DOI: 10.4103/0975-5950.127665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is considered as one of the complex joints of the human body. Mandibular condylysis is distinguished from condylar aplasia by its non-association with aural/facial anomalies, and also as normal development appears to proceed until the lytic event occurs. It is further distinguished from primary and secondary condylar hypoplasia by the following: Absence of condyle rather than it being small, the normal development appears to proceed until the lytic event occurs, and its non-association with aural/facial anomalies or temporomandibular ankylosis. In the present report, a patient with a unilateral missing mandibular condyle with contralateral TMJ ankylosis is presented and the treatment is outlined and discussed.
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Mohammad S, Grimberg A, Rand E, Anand R, Yin W, Alonso EM. Long-term linear growth and puberty in pediatric liver transplant recipients. J Pediatr 2013; 163:1354-60.e1-7. [PMID: 23916225 PMCID: PMC4155930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore linear growth, puberty, and predictors of linear growth impairment among pubertal liver transplant recipients. STUDY DESIGN Review of data collected prospectively through the Studies of Pediatric Liver Transplantation registry. Thirty-one variables were tested as risk factors for linear growth impairment, and factors significant at P < .1 were included in a logistic regression model. Risk factor analysis was limited to 512 patients who had complete demographic and medical data. RESULTS A total of 892 patients surviving their first liver transplant by >1 year, with ≥ 1 height recorded, who were between 8 and 18 years old between the years 2005 and 2009 were included. Median follow-up was 70.2 ± 38.6 months, mean age was 12.9 ± 3.3 years, and mean height z-score (zH) was -0.5 ± 1.4 SD. Twenty percent had linear growth impairment at last follow-up. Of 353 subjects with Tanner stage data, 39% of girls and 42% of boys ages 16-18 years were not yet Tanner 5. Growth impairment rates were higher among boys than girls (30% vs 7%, P < .05) at Tanner stage 4, and occurred in 8/72 (11%) of Tanner 5 subjects. Among patients with parental height data, zH were lower than calculated mid-parental zH (P < .005). Independent predictors of growth impairment included linear growth impairment at transplant (OR 11.53, P ≤ .0001), re-transplantation (OR 4.37, P = .001), non-white race (P = .0026), and primary diagnosis other than biliary atresia (P = .0105). CONCLUSIONS Linear growth impairment and delayed puberty are common in pubertal liver transplant recipients, with pre-transplant growth impairment identified as a potentially modifiable risk factor. Catch-up growth by the end of puberty may be incomplete.
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Passi D, Mohammad S, Mehrotra D, Singh S. Study of morphological changes in condyle with duration of TMJ ankylosis. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2012.04.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chaudhury S, Hormaza L, Mohammad S, Lokar J, Ekong U, Alonso EM, Wainwright MS, Kletzel M, Whitington PF. Liver transplantation followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for atypical mevalonic aciduria. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:1627-31. [PMID: 22405037 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03989.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mevalonic aciduria because of mutations of the gene for mevalonate kinase causes limited synthesis of isoprenoids, the effects of which are widespread. The outcome for affected children is poor. A child with severe multisystem manifestations underwent orthotopic liver transplantation at age 50 months for the indication of end-stage liver disease. This procedure corrected liver function and eliminated portal hypertension, and the patient showed substantial improvement in neurological function. However, autoinflammatory episodes continued unabated until hematopoietic stem cell transplantation was performed at 80 months. Through this complex therapy, the patient now enjoys a high quality of life without significant disability.
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