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Cho YK, Woo HJ, Kim SW, Bae IG, Song YG, Cheong HJ, Lee H, Han SH, Choi HJ, Moon C, Ryu SY, Hur J, Lee JC, Jo YM, Kim YJ. The clinical and economic burden of community-onset complicated skin and skin structure infections in Korea. Korean J Intern Med 2020; 35:1497-1506. [PMID: 32066225 PMCID: PMC7652669 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2018.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate epidemiologic characteristics, clinical and economic burdens, and factors associated with mortality in complicated skin and skin structure infection (cSSSI) patients in Korea. METHODS A retrospective, observational, nationwide study was conducted between April to July 2012 at 14 tertiary-hospitals in Korea. Eligible patients were hospitalized adults with community acquired cSSSI, who underwent surgical intervention and completed treatment between November 2009 and October 2011. Data on demography, clinical characteristics, outcomes and medical resource utilization were collected through medical record review. Direct medical costs were calculated by multiplying quantities of resources utilized by each unit price in Korea. RESULTS Of 473 patients enrolled, 449 patients (except 24 patients with no record on surgical intervention) were eligible for analysis. Microbiological testing was performed on 66.1% of patients and 8.2% had multiple pathogens. Among culture confirmed pathogens (n = 297 patients, 340 episodes), 76.2% were gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus; 41.2%) and 23.8% were gram-negative. The median duration of hospital stay was 16 days. Among treated patients, 3.3% experienced recurrence and 4.2% died in-hospital. The mean direct medical costs amounted to $4,195/ person, with the greatest expenses for hospitalization and antibiotics. The in-hospital mortality and total medical costs were higher in combined antibiotics therapy than monotherapy (p < 0.05). Charlson's comorbidity index ≥ 3, standardized early warning scoring ≥ 4, sub-fascia infections and combined initial therapy, were all found to be associated with higher mortality. CONCLUSION Korean patients with community-onset cSSSI suffer from considerable clinical and economic burden. Efforts should be made to reduce this burden through appropriate initial treatment.
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Cho YS, Kim HD, Kim E, Han SH, Han SB, Mishra NK, Jung YH, Jeong T, Kim IS. Direct Integration of Phthalazinone and Succinimide Scaffolds via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Heo N, Jung I, Kim DK, Han SH, Lee K, Lee PH. Sequential 1,3-N- to C- and 1,3-C- to C-Migration of Sulfonyl Groups through the Synthesis of 1,4-Diazepines from the Aza-[5 + 2] Cycloaddition of Indoloazomethine Ylides. Org Lett 2020; 22:6562-6567. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Han SH, Zhou ZZ, Sheng CY, Liu JH, Wang L, Yuan HM, Liu HJ. High thermoelectric performance of half-Heusler compound BiBaK with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:425704. [PMID: 32624508 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aba2e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Half-Heusler compounds usually exhibit relatively higher lattice thermal conductivity that is undesirable for thermoelectric applications. Here we demonstrate by first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport theory that the BiBaK system is an exception, which has rather low thermal conductivity as evidenced by very small phonon group velocity and relaxation time. Detailed analysis indicates that the heavy Bi and Ba atoms form a cage-like structure, inside which the light K atom rattles with larger atomic displacement parameters. In combination with its good electronic transport properties, the BiBaK shows a maximum n-typeZTvalue of 1.9 at 900 K, which outperforms most half-Heusler thermoelectric materials.
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Jeoung D, Kim K, Han SH, Ghosh P, Lee SH, Kim S, An W, Kim HS, Mishra NK, Kim IS. Phthalazinone-Assisted C-H Amidation Using Dioxazolones Under Rh(III) Catalysis. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7014-7023. [PMID: 32275431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of phthalazinone derivatives is pivotal for their utilization as pharmaceutical agents and other entities. Herein, we report the phthalazinone-assisted carbon-nitrogen bond forming reaction using dioxazolones as robust amidation sources under Rh(III) catalysis. The broad functional group tolerance and complete site-selectivity are observed. Notably, a series of transformations of synthesized compounds into biologically relevant N-heterocycles demonstrates the applicability of the developed methodology.
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Lee KH, Kwon DE, Do Han K, La Y, Han SH. Association between cytomegalovirus end-organ diseases and moderate-to-severe dementia: a population-based cohort study. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:216. [PMID: 32466754 PMCID: PMC7254693 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01776-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between cytomegalovirus (CMV) and dementia remains controversial. Previous studies have suggested that CMV serostatus, as assessed by serum immunoglobulin G, plays a role in neurodegeneration with cognitive impairment. We aimed to evaluate the association between CMV tissue-invasive end-organ diseases and moderate-to-severe dementia. METHODS The ICD 10th revision codes from the National Health Insurance Database covering the entire population of the Republic of Korea were used to classify patients into exposed (n = 687, age ≥ 40 years, with CMV disease) and unexposed (n = 3435, without CMV disease) groups, matched by age and sex at a 1:5 ratio of exposed: unexposed. All non-HIV-1-infected subjects selected during 2010-2014 with a washout period of the previous 4 years were followed up until December 2016 to identify newly diagnosed cases of moderate-to-severe dementia. RESULTS Multivariate regression model (M3) adjusted for age, sex, low income, body mass index, transplantation status, malignant neoplasms, end-stage renal disease on dialysis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia showed a significantly higher incidence of dementia (odds ratio: 1.9; 95% confidence interval: 1.2-2.8) in the exposed group than that in the unexposed group. The risk of vascular dementia (2.9, 1.1-7.5) was higher than that of Alzheimer's disease (1.6, 1.0-2.6) in the exposed group in M3. In M3, patients aged 40-59 years with CMV diseases had a significantly higher risk of all kinds of dementia than those aged 60-79 and ≥ 80 years (11.7, 2.5-49.4 vs. 1.8, 1.1-3.2 vs. 1.3, 0.5-2.8; P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS CMV diseases may be associated with the risk of moderate-to-severe dementia.
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Baek Y, Cheong K, Ko GH, Han GU, Han SH, Kim D, Lee K, Lee PH. Iridium-Catalyzed Cyclative Indenylation and Dienylation through Sequential B(4)–C Bond Formation, Cyclization, and Elimination from o-Carboranes and Propargyl Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:9890-9895. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kim D, Ghosh P, Kwon NY, Han SH, Han S, Mishra NK, Kim S, Kim IS. Deoxygenative Amination of Azine- N-oxides with Acyl Azides via [3 + 2] Cycloaddition. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2476-2485. [PMID: 31904240 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free deoxygenative C-H amination reaction of azine-N-oxides with acyl azides is described. The initial formation of an isocyanate from the starting acyl azide via a Curtius rearrangement can trigger a [3 + 2] dipolar cycloaddition of polar N-oxide fragments to generate the aminated azine derivative. The applicability of this method is highlighted by the late-stage and sequential amination reactions of complex bioactive compounds, including quinidine and fasudil. Moreover, the direct transformation of aminated azines into various bioactive N-heterocycles illustrates the significance of this newly developed protocol.
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Kim K, Han SH, Jeoung D, Ghosh P, Kim S, Kim SJ, Ku JM, Mishra NK, Kim IS. Ru(II)-Catalyzed C-H Hydroxyalkylation and Mitsunobu Cyclization of N-Aryl Phthalazinones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:2520-2531. [PMID: 31904238 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II)-catalyzed C(sp2)-H functionalization of N-aryl phthalazinones with a range of aldehydes and activated ketone is described. Initial formation of hydroxyalkylated phthalazinones and subsequent Mitsunobu cyclization provided facile access to biologically relevant indazolophthalazinones. The utility of this method is highlighted by synthetic transformations into a series of potentially bioactive scaffolds.
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Maeng C, Son JY, Lee SC, Baek Y, Um K, Han SH, Ko GH, Han GU, Lee K, Lee K, Lee PH. Expansion of Azulenes as Nonbenzenoid Aromatic Compounds for C–H Activation: Rhodium- and Iridium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of Azulene Carboxylic Acids with Alkynes for the Synthesis of Azulenolactones and Benzoazulenes. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3824-3837. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kim HW, Kwon OC, Han SH, Park MC. Positive conversion of interferon-γ release assay in patients with rheumatic diseases treated with biologics. Rheumatol Int 2020; 40:471-479. [PMID: 31919575 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-019-04510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate whether the type of biologics (TNFi or others) or type of rheumatic diseases (RA or AS) influence the conversion rate of initially negative tuberculosis (TB) screening test results. A total of 119 patients with RA or AS who had negative baseline interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) results assessed by QuantiFERON-TB Gold in tube (QTF-GIT) were included. All patients received biologic agents, and rescreening with QTF-GIT was performed after a median of 25.9 months from the baseline test. Clinical characteristics and IFN-γ levels were compared between converters and non-converters. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with positive conversion. IGRA conversion was found in 14 of 119 patients (11.8%). The converters were older (53.4 ± 14.2 vs 44.4 ± 15.5 years, p = 0.040), had higher baseline TB-specific IFN-γ responses (0.105 [0.018-0.205] vs 0.010 [0.000-0.035] IU/ml, p = 0.001) and higher incidence of active TB (14.3% vs 0.0%, p = 0.013). The number of patients with RA or AS was 9 (64.3%) or 5 (35.7%) in converters, and 45 (42.9%) or 60 (57.1%) in non-converters. In terms of use of biologics, TNFi of monoclonal antibody form was less commonly used in the converters (p = 0.024). In the logistic regression analysis, type of disease and type of biologics used were not associated with IGRA conversion, whereas baseline TB-specific IFN-γ response was significantly associated with IGRA conversion (OR 1.083, 95% CI 1.019-1.151, p = 0.011). Serial monitoring of LTBI with IGRA retesting is needed during biologic treatment, regardless of the type of rheumatic diseases or type biologics used.
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Yoo SG, Han KD, Lee KH, La Y, Kwon DE, Han SH. Impact of Cytomegalovirus Disease on New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Population-Based Matched Case-Control Cohort Study. Diabetes Metab J 2019; 43:815-829. [PMID: 30688050 PMCID: PMC6943276 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2018.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A latent cytomegalovirus (CMV) cause chronic inflammation through undesirable inflation of cell-mediated immune response. CMV immunoglobulin G has been associated with cardiovascular disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus. We evaluated impact of CMV diseases on new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS From the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claim database of entire population with 50 million, we retrieved 576 adult case group with CMV diseases diagnosed with International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related-Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) B25 code between 2010 and 2014 after exclusion of patients with T2DM to 2006. The 2,880 control patients without T2DM from 2006 to cohort entry point were selected between 2010 and 2014 by age, sex matching with case group. The subjects without new-onset T2DM were followed until 2015. T2DM, hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia (DYS), and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) were coded as ICD-10. RESULTS The frequency of new-onset T2DM in case group was significantly higher than that in control (5.6% vs. 2.2%, P<0.001). The group with T2DM (n=95) had higher incidence of CMV diseases than the group without T2DM (n=3,361) (33.7% vs. 16.2%, P<0.001). In multivariate regression model adjusted by age, sex, lower income, HTN, and DYS, the incidence rate (IR) of T2DM in case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (IR per 1,000, 19.0 vs. 7.3; odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.3 to 3.2). The co-existence of HTN, DYS, and ESRD with CMV diseases did not influence the IR of T2DM. CONCLUSION CMV diseases increase the patients' risk of developing T2DM.
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La Y, Kwon DE, Yoo SG, Lee KH, Han SH, Song YG. Human cytomegalovirus seroprevalence and titres in solid organ transplant recipients and transplant donors in Seoul, South Korea. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:948. [PMID: 31703564 PMCID: PMC6842252 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause poor outcomes in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients; moreover, it is associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the general population. Accordingly, anti-HCMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroepidemiology may be useful in identifying the risk of post-SOT HCMV infection or disease as well as immunosenescence or CVD. However, HCMV seroprevalence and titre have not been fully evaluated with regard to age distribution or compared between SOT recipients and healthy individuals in South Korea. Methods We retrospectively retrieved all unduplicated anti-HCMV IgG results of individuals aged > 1 year evaluated between July 2006 and November 2017 at Severance Hospital in Seoul. The cohort, excluding haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients and subjects with equivocal values, included 2184 SOT recipients and 3015 healthy transplant donors. All IgG results in the SOT recipients were measured during the pre-transplant period. Results The overall IgG seroprevalence and titres were significantly higher among SOT recipients than among healthy donors (98.7% vs. 88.6%, p < 0.001, and 64.7 ± 44.3 vs. 49.8 ± 20.6 arbitrary units/mL, p < 0.001, respectively). The lowest seropositive rate in the SOT group was observed in recipients aged between 11 and 15 years (70.6%). The frequency of seropositivity among adults aged ≥41 years increased to ≥90% in SOT recipients and healthy donors. Age was independently associated with higher HCMV seroprevalence (41–60 years, OR, 76.4, 95% CI, 24.5–238.9, p < 0.001; ≥ 61 years, OR, 4.4, 95% CI, 1.3–14.9, p < 0.001, compared to ≤40 years). The healthy donor group had an independently low HCMV seropositive rate (OR, 0.1, 95% CI, 0.1–0.2, p < 0.001). Conclusions HCMV seropositivity was the lowest among school-aged children and adolescents. IgG testing revealed an intermediate serostatus risk of post-transplant HCMV infection and disease for most adult SOT recipients in South Korea.
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Hwa Lee K, Eun Kwon D, Do Han K, Hoon Han S, Goo Song Y. 2306. Impact of Cytomegalovirus Disease on New-Onset Dementia: Population-Based-Matched Case–Control Cohort Study. Open Forum Infect Dis 2019. [PMCID: PMC6809510 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofz360.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) with dementia is still controversial. Previous studies suggested that serostatus of latent CMV infection assessed by serum CMV IgG could play a role in development of neurodegeneration with cognitive impairment. This study is aimed to evaluate the relation of CMV tissue invasive diseases to vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s dementia. Methods The ICD-10 codes from the National Health Insurance Database covering 50 million people were used to collect the patient group (n = 687) aged ≥ 40 years with CMV tissue invasive end-organ diseases and control group (n = 3,435) matched by non-CMV infection, age and sex with 1:5 ratio. The subjects were retrieved for enrolled patients during 2010–2014 with wash-out period for 6 years, and followed until December 2016. Results Multivariate regression model adjusted by age and sex showed a significantly higher incidence rate of dementia (odds ratio [OR], 2.10 and 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.45–3.05) in patients with CMV disease. According to the type of dementia, the risk of vascular dementia in patient group (OR, 3.31 and 95% CI, 1.30–8.41) was higher than Alzheimer’s dementia (OR, 1.74 and 95% CI, 1.09–2.78). In the age subgroup analysis adjusted by sex, patients aged 40–59 years with CMV disease had a higher risk of dementia than those aged ≥ 60 years (OR, 12.3 [95% CI, 3.2–47.6] vs. 1.8 [95% CI, 1.2–2.7], P = 0.010). Conclusion CMV disease independently increased the risk of vascular dementia as well as Alzheimer’s dementia. ![]()
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Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Park JB, Lee KH, Han SH, Chung TH, Kwak MK, Rho H, Jeong T, Ha JS. Stable and efficient transfer-printing including repair using a GaN-based microscale light-emitting diode array for deformable displays. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11551. [PMID: 31399605 PMCID: PMC6689111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
GaN-based microscale light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) are reported for assembly into deformable displays and repair systems. A stamp-imprinting method that enables large area assembly without spatial limitation is involved in the system, and a selective pick-up method is presented that includes a method for removing detected defective chips through micro-pulsed laser scanning. The photosensitive functional material, which is an accepted layer for the stable imprinting of chips, is determined by controlling the adhesion. In addition, selective pick-up and adhesion-controlled functional materials allow the implementation of defect-free displays through two pick-and-place cycles. Displays and related systems fabricated with this method can offer interesting optical and electrical properties.
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Ghosh P, Kwon NY, Han S, Kim S, Han SH, Mishra NK, Jung YH, Chung SJ, Kim IS. Site-Selective C-H Alkylation of Diazine N-Oxides Enabled by Phosphonium Ylides. Org Lett 2019; 21:6488-6493. [PMID: 31373494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of alkylated diazine derivatives is important for their practical utilization as pharmaceuticals and for other purposes. Herein, we describe the metal-free site-selective C-H alkylation of diazine N-oxides using phosphonium ylides that affords a variety of alkylated diazine derivatives with broad functional group tolerance. The utility of this method is showcased by the late-stage functionalization of a commercially available drug such as varenicline. Notably, the sequential C-H alkylation of pyrazine N-oxides for the total synthesis of a pyrazine-containing natural product, paenibacillin A, highlights the importance of this method.
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Kim JH, Kim J, Lee WJ, Seong H, Choi H, Ahn JY, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Son T, Kim HI, Han SH, Choi JY, Kim CO, Yeom JS, Hyung WJ, Song YG, Noh SH, Kim JM. The incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection in older adults after gastric cancer surgery: A STROBE-compliant retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16739. [PMID: 31393386 PMCID: PMC6708829 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical site infection (SSI) is a well-known complication in older adults. However, there have been no studies on SSI after gastrectomy in older adults. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of SSIs after gastrectomy in older adults.We performed a retrospective cohort study of older adults, aged 65 years or older, who underwent gastrectomy between January 2015 and December 2015 at the Severance Hospital in Seoul, Korea. The incidence and outcomes of SSIs after gastrectomy were evaluated, and the risk factors for SSI were identified using multivariate analyses.We identified 353 older adults who underwent gastrectomy. Of these, 25 patients (7.1%) developed an SSI. Multivariate analysis indicated that open surgery (odds ratio, 2.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-6.51; P = .03) and a longer operation time (odds ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.00-1.01; P = .04) were independent risk factors for SSI after gastrectomy. In the SSI group, the incidence of postoperative fever (84.0% vs 51.8%; P < .001), length of postoperative hospital stay (13 days vs 6 days; P < .001), and re-admission rates within 30 days postoperatively (32.0% vs 3.4%; P < .001) were significantly higher than those in the non-SSI group.The risk factors for SSI in older adults after gastrectomy were open surgery and a longer operation time. When an SSI occurred, the postoperative hospital stay was prolonged and the chances of having a postoperative fever and being re-admitted within 30 days increased.
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Kim MC, Han SH. Variability of plant risk due to variable operator allowable time for aggressive cooldown initiation. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2019.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee H, Kang D, Han SH, Chun R, Pandey AK, Mishra NK, Hong S, Kim IS. Allylic Acetals as Acrolein Oxonium Precursors in Tandem C−H Allylation and [3+2] Dipolar Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lee KH, Yoo SG, Cho Y, Kwon DE, La Y, Han SH, Kim MS, Choi JS, Kim SI, Kim YS, Min YH, Cheong JW, Kim JS, Song YG. Characteristics of community-acquired respiratory viruses infections except seasonal influenza in transplant recipients and non-transplant critically ill patients. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2019; 54:253-260. [PMID: 31262511 PMCID: PMC7102620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background/Purpose Transplant recipients are vulnerable to life-threatening community-acquired respiratory viruses (CA-RVs) infection (CA-RVI). Even if non-transplant critically ill patients in intensive care unit (ICU) have serious CA-RVI, comparison between these groups remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate clinical characteristics and mortality of CA-RVI except seasonal influenza A/B in transplant recipients and non-transplant critically ill patients in ICU. Methods We collected 37,777 CA-RVs multiplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test results of individuals aged ≥18 years from November 2012 to November 2017. The CA-RVs tests included adenovirus, coronavirus 229E/NL63/OC43, human bocavirus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus 1/2/3, rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus A/B. Results We found 286 CA-RVI cases, including 85 solid organ transplantation recipients (G1), 61 hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients (G2), and 140 non-transplant critically ill patients in ICU (G3), excluding those with repeated isolation within 30 days. Adenovirus positive rate and infection cases were most prominent in G2 (p < 0.001). The median time interval between transplantation and CA-RVI was 30 and 20 months in G1 and G2, respectively. All-cause in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in G3 than in G1 or G2 (51.4% vs. 28.2% or 39.3%, p = 0.002, respectively). The mechanical ventilation (MV) was the independent risk factor associated with all-cause in-hospital mortality in all three groups (hazard ratio, 3.37, 95% confidence interval, 2.04–5.56, p < 0.001). Conclusions This study highlights the importance of CA-RVs diagnosis in transplant recipients even in long-term posttransplant period, and in non-transplant critically ill patients in ICU with MV.
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Kim JH, Kim J, Lee WJ, Seong H, Choi H, Ahn JY, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Son T, Kim HI, Han SH, Choi JY, Yeom JS, Hyung WJ, Song YG, Noh SH. A High Visceral-To-Subcutaneous Fat Ratio is an Independent Predictor of Surgical Site Infection after Gastrectomy. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8040494. [PMID: 30979055 PMCID: PMC6518224 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8040494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that body composition is an important factor that affects surgical site infection (SSI). However, each study has utilized different body composition criteria. Therefore, in this study, we aim to determine the most predictable body composition criteria for the prediction of SSI after gastrectomy. The visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and muscle area were assessed by a preoperative-stage computed tomographic (CT) scan. To compare the predictive performance of body composition for SSI, logistic regression models were used, and the models were compared using the receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) value. Of the 1038 eligible patients, 58 patients (5.6%) developed SSI. The VFA-to-SFA ratio showed the best predictive performance (mean AUC 75.11). The cutoff value for the SSI of the VFA-to-SFA ratio was 0.94, and the sensitivity and specificity were 67.86% and 77.65%, respectively. A multivariate logistic analysis indicated that a total gastrectomy (OR, 2.13; p = 0.017), stage III or IV cancer (OR, 2.66; p = 0.003), and a high VFA-to-SFA ratio (OR, 8.09; p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for SSI after gastrectomy. The VFA-to-SFA ratio is the most predictable body composition model for use in predicting the incidence of SSI after gastrectomy.
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Kim H, Byeon M, Jeong E, Baek Y, Jeong SJ, Um K, Han SH, Han GU, Ko GH, Maeng C, Son J, Kim D, Kim SH, Lee K, Lee PH. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Regioselective C3‐Alkylation of 2‐Arylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines with Aryl Diazoesters. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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73
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Chun R, Kim S, Han SH, Han S, Lee SH, Mishra NK, Jung YH, Kim HS, Kim IS. Synthesis of (2
H
)‐Indazoles from Azobenzenes Using Paraformaldehyde as a One‐Carbon Synthon. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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74
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Lee KH, Han SH, Yong D, Paik HC, Lee JG, Kim MS, Joo DJ, Choi JS, Kim SI, Kim YS, Park MS, Kim SY, Yoon YN, Kang S, Jeong SJ, Choi JY, Song YG, Kim JM. Acquisition of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Solid Organ Transplantation Recipients. Transplant Proc 2019; 50:3748-3755. [PMID: 30577266 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) can lead to life-threatening outcomes with rapid spread of the carbapenemase gene in solid organ transplantation (SOT) recipients because of limitations of available antibiotics. We examined the characteristics and importance of CPE acquisition in SOT recipients with large numbers of CPE isolates. METHODS Between November 2015 and October 2016, 584 CPE isolates were found in 37 recipients and verified by carbapenemase gene multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). One hundred recipients with at least 2 negative results in carbapenemase PCR for stool surveillance and no CPE isolates in clinical samples were retrospectively included. RESULTS Most CPE isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing K. pneumoniae (546, 93.5%). The most frequent transplantation organ was lung (43.3%), and the most common sample with CPE isolates other than stool was respiratory tract (22.6%). The median time between SOT and first CPE acquisition was 7 days. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in recipients with CPE than in those without CPE (24.3% vs 10.0%; P = .03). In multivariate regression analysis, stool colonization of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci and/or Clostridium difficile during 30 days before SOT (odds ratio [OR], 3.28; 95% CI, 1.24-8.68; P = .02), lung transplantation (OR, 4.50; 95% CI, 1.19-17.03; P = .03), and intensive care unit stay ≥2 weeks (OR, 6.21; 95% CI, 1.72-22.45; P = .005) were associated with acquisition of CPE. CONCLUSIONS Early posttransplantation CPE acquisition may affect the clinical outcome of SOT recipients. Careful screening for CPE during the early posttransplantation period would be meaningful in recipients with risk factors.
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Baek Y, Kim J, Hyunseok Kim, Jung SJ, Ryu H, Kim S, Son JY, Um K, Han SH, Seo HJ, Heo J, Lee K, Baik MH, Lee PH. Selective C-C bond formation from rhodium-catalyzed C-H activation reaction of 2-arylpyridines with 3-aryl-2 H-azirines. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2678-2686. [PMID: 30996984 PMCID: PMC6419924 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05142a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel method for the synthesis of acylmethyl-substituted 2-arylpyridine derivatives using 3-aryl-2H-azirines was developed.
A novel method for the synthesis of acylmethyl-substituted 2-arylpyridine derivatives using 3-aryl-2H-azirines was developed by exploring a prototype reaction using DFT-calculations and carrying out targeted experiments guided by the calculated mechanism. 2H-Azirine was initially hypothesized to ring-open at the metal center to furnish familiar metal nitrene complexes that may undergo C–N coupling. Computational studies quickly revealed and prototype experimental work confirmed that neither the formation of the expected metal nitrene complexes nor the C–N coupling were viable. Instead, azirine ring-opening followed by C–C coupling was found to be much more favorable to give imines that readily underwent hydrolysis in aqueous conditions to form acylmethyl-substituted products. This new method was highly versatile and selective toward a wide range of substrates with high functional group tolerance. The utility of the new method is demonstrated by a convenient one-pot synthesis of biologically relevant heterocycles such as pyridoisoindole and pyridoisoqunolinone.
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