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Bapna K, Choudhary RJ, Pandey SK, Phase DM. Implication of local moment at Ti and Fe sites for the electrical and magneto-transport properties of degenerate semiconducting Ti₁-xFexO₂-d epitaxial films. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2012; 24:056004. [PMID: 22251929 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/5/056004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of local magnetic moment on the electrical and magneto-transport properties of thin films of the degenerate semiconductor Ti(1-x)Fe(x)O(2-d) (x = 0,0.04). The electrical measurements of these films reveal high temperature metallic behavior and resistivity minima. The behavior below the resistivity minimum temperature is ascribed to Kondo like scattering. The coupling between the local moment and the charge carriers is reflected in the magnetoresistance measurements in these films. This work indicates competition between the magnetic ordering mechanism by J(RKKY) and the moment screening mechanism by J(Kondo). Accordingly the role of carrier density in achieving the magnetic ordering in such materials either by defect engineering or by transition metal doping is discussed.
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Srivatsan A, Ethirajan M, Pandey SK, Dubey S, Zheng X, Liu TH, Shibata M, Missert J, Morgan J, Pandey RK. Conjugation of cRGD peptide to chlorophyll a based photosensitizer (HPPH) alters its pharmacokinetics with enhanced tumor-imaging and photosensitizing (PDT) efficacy. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:1186-97. [PMID: 21702452 PMCID: PMC3148296 DOI: 10.1021/mp200018y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The α(v)β(3) integrin receptor plays an important role in human metastasis and tumor-induced angiogenesis. Cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp (cRGD) peptide represents a selective α(v)β(3) integrin ligand that has been extensively used for research, therapy, and diagnosis of neoangiogenesis. For developing photosensitizers with enhanced PDT efficacy, we here report the synthesis of a series of bifunctional agents in which the 3-(1'-hexyloxyethyl)-3-devinylpyropheophorbide a (HPPH), a chlorophyll-based photosensitizer, was conjugated to cRGD and the related analogues. The cell uptake and in vitro PDT efficacy of the conjugates were studied in α(v)β(3) integrin overexpressing U87 and 4T1 cell lines whereas the in vivo PDT efficacy and fluorescence-imaging potential of the conjugates were compared with the corresponding nonconjugated photosensitizer HPPH in 4T1 tumors. Compared to HPPH, the HPPH-cRGD conjugate in which the arginine and aspartic acid moieties were available for binding to two subunits of α(v)β(3) integrin showed faster clearance, enhanced tumor imaging and enhanced PDT efficacy at 2-4 h postinjection. Molecular modeling studies also confirmed that the presence of the HPPH moiety in HPPH-cRGD conjugate does not interfere with specific recognition of cRGD by α(v)β(3) integrin. Compared to U87 and 4T1 cells the HPPH-cRGD showed significantly low photosensitizing efficacy in A431 (α(v)β(3) negative) tumor cells, suggesting possible target specificity of the conjugate.
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Pandey SK, Sharma V, O'Day DM, Billson FA. J Donald M Gass MD: father of macular diseases, and one of the ten most influential ophthalmologists of the 20th century. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 39:828-31. [PMID: 21575127 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02601.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
John Donald MacIntyre Gass, MD was one of the most significant figures to emerge in ophthalmology in the last 100 years. There could be few ophthalmologists who cannot attribute part of their increase in understanding of retinal disease to the influence of Don Gass. His insights opened up opportunities for many new effective therapies. He has influenced ophthalmic thought worldwide, if not by his presence as a visitor, then through his scientific publications, his outstanding books and the international fellows he trained. Like many distinguished physicians, Don Gass's clinical acumen was well grounded in his understanding of ocular pathology. This experience was gained under the mentorship of Lorenz E Zimmerman, MD, who trained a number of distinguished ophthalmologists, who subsequently became professors. Professor Gass passed away on February 26, 2005 at the age of 76 years from pancreatic carcinoma. With the demise of Don Gass, the world of ophthalmology has lost an extraordinary physician of great talent, commonsense and humility. On the other hand it has gained a generation of young ophthalmologists inspired by his example.
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Pandey SK, Chaube MK, Tripathi D. Peristaltic transport of multilayered power-law fluids with distinct viscosities: a mathematical model for intestinal flows. J Theor Biol 2011; 278:11-9. [PMID: 21377477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Revised: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This paper is concerned with the theoretical study of two-dimensional peristaltic flow of power-law fluids in three layers with different viscosities. The analysis is carried out under low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations. The shapes of the interfaces are described by a system of non-linear algebraic equations which are solved numerically as streamlines. It is found that the non-uniformity in the intermediate and peripheral layers diminishes when the viscosity of the intermediate layer is increased and that of the outermost layer is kept unaltered for both the pseudo-plastic and dilatant fluids. Similar are the observations when the viscosity of the outermost layer is increased and that of the intermediate layer is kept fixed. The flow rate increases with the viscosities of the peripheral and the intermediate layers but the viscosity of the outermost layer is more effective. However, the knowledge of the effect of the viscosity of the intermediate layer facilitates us to achieve the required flow rate without disturbing the outermost layer. An increase in the flow behaviour index too favours larger flow rates. The trapping limits increase with the viscosity of the intermediate layer but decrease with the viscosity of the outermost layer and the flow behaviour index. Thus, a medicinal intervention that creates a more viscous intermediate layer and reduces pseudo plasticity may reduce constipation.
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Pandey SK, Banik RM. Extractive fermentation for enhanced production of alkaline phosphatase from Bacillus licheniformis MTCC 1483 using aqueous two-phase systems. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4226-4231. [PMID: 21227688 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.12.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2010] [Revised: 12/11/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A study was made to find out maximum partitioning of Bacillus licheniformis alkaline phosphatase in different ATPSs composed of different molecular weight of PEG X (X=2000, 4000, 6000) with salts (magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate, sodium citrate) and polymers (dextran 40, dextran T500). Physicochemical factors such as effect of system pH, system temperature and production media were evaluated for partitioning of alkaline phosphatase. PEG 4000 [9.0% (w/v)] and dextran T500 [9.6% (w/v)] were selected as most suitable system components for alkaline phosphatase production by B. licheniformis based on greater partition coefficient (k=5.23). The two-phase system produced fewer enzymes than the homogeneous fermentation (control) in early stage of fermentation, but after 72 h the enzyme produced in the control system was less than that in the ATPS. Total alkaline phosphatase yield in ATPS fermentation was 3907.01 U/ml and in homogeneous fermentation 2856.50 U/ml.
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Dicken M, Munday JS, Archer RM, Mayhew IG, Pandey SK. Cutaneous fungal granulomas due to Alternaria spp. infection in a horse in New Zealand. N Z Vet J 2011; 58:319-20. [PMID: 21151220 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2010.69765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Equine cutaneous fungal granulomas have been previously referred to in New Zealand (Fairley 1998), and are described in the veterinary literature from around the world, including North America and Australia (Pascoe and Summers 1981; Genovese et al. 2001; Valentine et al. 2006), but no peer-reviewed reports appear published in the literature in New Zealand. Described here is a case of multiple cutaneous fungal granulomas caused by Alternaria spp. in a horse in New Zealand.
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Morgan J, Jackson JD, Zheng X, Pandey SK, Pandey RK. Substrate affinity of photosensitizers derived from chlorophyll-a: the ABCG2 transporter affects the phototoxic response of side population stem cell-like cancer cells to photodynamic therapy. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1789-804. [PMID: 20684544 DOI: 10.1021/mp100154j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizers (PS) synthesized with the aim of optimizing photodynamic therapy (PDT) of tumors do not always fulfill their potential when tested in vitro and in vivo in different tumor models. The ATP-dependent transporter ABCG2, a multidrug resistant pump expressed at variable levels in cancerous cells, can bind and efflux a wide range of structurally different classes of compounds including several PS used preclinically and clinically such as porphyrins and chlorins. ABCG2 may lower intracellular levels of substrate PS below the threshold for cell death in tumors treated by PDT, leaving resistant cells to repopulate the tumor. To determine some of the structural factors that affect substrate affinity of PS for ABCG2, we used an ABCG2-expressing cell line (HEK 293 482R) and its nonexpressing counterpart, and tyrosine kinase ABCG2 inhibitors in a simple flow cytometric assay to identify PS effluxed by the ABCG2 pump. We tested a series of conjugates of substrate PS with different groups attached at different positions on the tetrapyrrole macrocycle to examine whether a change in affinity for the pump occurred and whether such changes depended on the position or the structure/type of the attached group. PS without substitutions including pyropheophorbides and purpurinimides were generally substrates for ABCG2, but carbohydrate groups conjugated at positions 8, 12, 13, and 17 but not at position 3 abrogated ABCG2 affinity regardless of structure or linking moiety. At position 3, affinity was retained with the addition of iodobenzene, alkyl chains and monosaccharides, but not with disaccharides. This suggests that structural characteristics at position 3 may offer important contributions to requirements for binding to ABCG2. We examined several tumor cell lines for ABCG2 activity, and found that although some cell lines had negligible ABCG2 activity in bulk, they contained a small ABCG2-expressing side population (SP) thought to contain cells which are responsible for initiating tumor regrowth. We examined the relevance of the SP to PDT resistance with ABCG2 substrates in vitro and in vivo in the murine mammary tumor 4T1. We show for the first time in vivo that the substrate PS HPPH (2-[1-hexyloxyethyl]-2-devinyl pyropheophorbide-a) but not the nonsubstrate PS HPPH-Gal (a galactose conjugate of HPPH) selectively preserved the SP which was primarily responsible for regrowth in vitro. The SP could be targeted by addition of imatinib mesylate, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor which inhibits the ATPase activity of ABCG2, and prevents efflux of substrates. A PDT resistant SP may be responsible for recurrences observed both preclinically and clinically. To prevent ABCG2 mediated resistance, choosing nonsubstrate PS or administering an ABCG2 inhibitor alongside a substrate PS might be advantageous when treating ABCG2-expressing tumors with PDT.
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Munday JS, Wolfe AG, Lawrence KE, Pandey SK. Disseminated Mortierella wolfii infection in a neonatal calf. N Z Vet J 2010; 58:62-3. [PMID: 20200577 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2010.65062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Singh N, Pandey SK, Tripathi RP. Regioselective [3+2] cycloaddition of chalcones with a sugar azide: easy access to 1-(5-deoxy-D-xylofuranos-5-yl)-4,5-disubstituted-1H-1,2,3-triazoles. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1641-8. [PMID: 20579636 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2010] [Revised: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
[3+2] Cycloaddition of 5-azido-5-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-d-xylofuranose with 1,3-diphenyl-prop-3-enones, followed by oxidation of the intermediate triazolines in a tandem manner, led to the regioselective formation of 4-benzoyl-1-(5-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-alpha-d-xylofuranos-5-yl)-5-phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles in moderate to good yields.
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Marwaha RS, Pandey SK, Kumar D, Singh SV, Kumar P. Potato processing scenario in India: Industrial constraints, future projections, challenges ahead and remedies - A review. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2010; 47:137-56. [PMID: 23572617 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-010-0026-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/11/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Indian potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) processing industry has emerged fast due to economic liberalization coupled with growing urbanization, expanding market options and development of indegenous processing varieties. India's first potato processing varieties 'Kufri Chipsona-1' and 'Kufri Chipsona-2' were developed in 1998, followed by an improved processing variety 'Kufri Chipsona-3' in 2005 for the Indian plains and first chipping variety 'Kufri Himsona' for the hills. These varieties have >21% tuber dry matter content, contain low reducing sugars (<0.1% on fresh wt) and are most suitable for producing chips, French fries and dehydrated products. The availability of these varieties and standardization of storage techniques for processing potatoes at 10-12°C with sprout suppressant isopropyl N-(3-chlorophenyl) carbamate have revolutionized the processing scenario within a short span of 10 years. Currently about 4% of total potato produce is being processed in organized and unorganized sector. Potato processing industry mainly comprises 4 segments: potato chips, French fries, potato flakes/powder and other processed products. However, potato chips still continue to be the most popular processed product. The major challenge facing the industries lies in arranging round the year supply of processing varieties at reasonable price for their uninterrupted operation, besides several others which have been discussed at length and addressed with concrete solutions.
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Zheng X, Morgan J, Pandey SK, Chen Y, Tracy E, Baumann H, Missert JR, Batt C, Jackson J, Bellnier DA, Henderson BW, Pandey RK. Conjugation of 2-(1'-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinylpyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) to carbohydrates changes its subcellular distribution and enhances photodynamic activity in vivo. J Med Chem 2009; 52:4306-18. [PMID: 19507863 DOI: 10.1021/jm9001617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The carbohydrate moieties on conjugating with 3-(1'-hexyloxyethyl)-3-devinyl pyropeophorbide-a (HPPH) altered the uptake and intracellular localization from mitochondria to lysosomes. In vitro, HPPH-Gal 9 PDT showed increased PDT efficacy over HPPH-PDT as detectable by the oxidative cross-linking of nonphosphorylated STAT3 and cell killing in ABCG2-expressing RIF cells but not in ABCG2-negative Colon26 cells. This increased efficacy in RIF cells could at least partially be attributed to increased cellular accumulation of 9, suggesting a role of the ABCG2 transporter for which HPPH is a substrate. While such differences in the accumulation in HPPH derivatives by tumor tissue in vivo were not detectable, 9 still showed an elevated light dose-dependent activity compared to HPPH in mice bearing RIF as well as Colon26 tumors. Further optimization of the carbohydrate conjugates at variable treatment parameters in vivo is currently underway.
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Pandey SK, Sajjad M, Chen Y, Zheng X, Yao R, Missert JR, Batt C, Nabi HA, Oseroff AR, Pandey RK. Comparative positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging and phototherapeutic potential of 124I- labeled methyl- 3-(1'-iodobenzyloxyethyl)pyropheophorbide-a vs the corresponding glucose and galactose conjugates. J Med Chem 2009; 52:445-55. [PMID: 19090663 DOI: 10.1021/jm8012213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In our present study, 3-(1(')-m-iodobenzyloxyethyl)pyropheophorbide-a methyl ester 1, 3-(1'-m-iodobenzyloxyethyl)-17(2)-{(2-deoxy)glucose}pyropheophorbide-a 2, and 3-(1'-m-iodobenzyloxyethyl)-17(2)-{(1-deoxy)galactose}pyropheophorbide-a 3 were synthesized and converted into the corresponding (124)I-labeled analogues by reacting the intermediate trimethyltin analogues with Na(124)I. Photosensitizers 1-3 were evaluated for the PDT efficacy in C3H mice bearing RIF tumors at variable doses and showed a significant long-term tumor cure. Among the compounds investigated, the non-carbohydrate analogue 1 was most effective. These results were in contrast to the in vitro data, where compared to the parent analogue the corresponding galactose and glucose derivatives showed enhanced cell kill. Among the corresponding (124)I-labeled analogues, excellent tumor images were obtained from compound 1 in both tumor models (RIF and Colon-26) and the best tumor contrast was observed at 72 h after injection. Conjugating a glucose moiety to photosensitizer 1 initially diminished its tumor uptake, whereas with time the corresponding galactose analogue showed improved tumor contrast.
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Pandey SK, Sajjad M, Chen Y, Pandey A, Missert JR, Batt C, Yao R, Nabi HA, Oseroff AR, Pandey RK. Compared to purpurinimides, the pyropheophorbide containing an iodobenzyl group showed enhanced PDT efficacy and tumor imaging (124I-PET) ability. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:274-82. [PMID: 19191565 PMCID: PMC2652733 DOI: 10.1021/bc8003638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two positional isomers of purpurinimide, 3-[1'-(3-iodobenzyloxyethyl)] purpurin-18-N-hexylimide methyl ester 4, in which the iodobenzyl group is present at the top half of the molecule (position-3), and a 3-(1'-hexyloxyethy)purpurin-18-N-(3-iodo-benzylimide)] methyl ester 5, where the iodobenzyl group is introduced at the bottom half (N-substitued cyclicimide) of the molecule, were derived from chlorophyll-a. The tumor uptake and phototherapeutic abilities of these isomers were compared with the pyropheophorbide analogue 1 (lead compound). These compounds were then converted into the corresponding 124I-labeled PET imaging agents with specific activity >1 Ci/micromol. Among the positional isomers 4 and 5, purpurinimide 5 showed enhanced imaging and therapeutic potential. However, the lead compound 1 derived from pyropheophorbide-a exhibited the best PET imaging and PDT efficacy. For investigating the overall lipophilicity of the molecule, the 3-O-hexyl ether group present at position-3 of purpurinimide 5 was replaced with a methyl ether substituent, and the resulting product 10 showed improved tumor uptake, but due to its significantly higher uptake in the liver, spleen, and other organs, a poor tumor contrast in whole-body tumor imaging was observed.
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Werner L, Izak AM, Isaacs RT, Pandey SK, Apple DJ. Evolution of Intraocular Lens Implantation. Ophthalmology 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-04332-8.00058-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Nessim M, Pandey SK, Werner L, Mohammed M, Kumar V. Histochemical analysis of bandage contact lens precipitates. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2008; 31:47-9. [PMID: 17766171 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2007.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Revised: 03/29/2007] [Accepted: 06/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Contact lens deposits have been reported previously with extended wear of soft contact lenses, with proteins, lipids, mucous, and various salts such as chloride, potassium and calcium being deposited on the lens surface [1]. We report an unusual case of precipitates on the surface of a bandage contact lens (BCL) following intensive treatment with topical preservative free artificial tears. Evaluation included microscopic and histochemical analysis of the BCL. We have also reviewed the literature for previous reports of contact lens precipitates.
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Stump RJW, Lovicu FJ, Ang SL, Pandey SK, McAvoy JW. Lithium stabilizes the polarized lens epithelial phenotype and inhibits proliferation, migration, and epithelial mesenchymal transition. J Pathol 2007; 210:249-57. [PMID: 16924593 DOI: 10.1002/path.2049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a common complication of cataract surgery caused by epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and aberrant lens cell growth. One path to prevention depends on maintaining the quiescent lens epithelial phenotype. Here we report that lithium chloride (LiCl) is a potent stabilizer of the lens epithelial phenotype. In lens epithelial explants (controls), at low cell density, cells readily depolarized, spread out, and proliferated. By contrast, in the presence of LiCl, cells did not spread out or exhibit migratory behaviour. Using concentrations of 1-30 mM LiCl we also showed that cell proliferation is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Confocal microscopy and immunohistochemistry for ZO-1 and E-cadherin showed that LiCl treatment maintained tight junctions at the apical margins of cells. Taken together with measurements of cell heights, this showed that the cells in LiCl-treated explants maintained the apical baso-lateral polarity and cobblestone-like packing that is characteristic of lens epithelial cells in vivo. Significantly, the effects of LiCl also extended to blocking the potent EMT/cataract-promoting effects of transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) on lens epithelial cells. In TGFbeta-treated explants, cells progressively dissociated from one another, taking on various elongated spindle shapes and strongly expressing alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA). These features are characteristic of PCO. In both rat and human capsulorhexis explants, LiCl treatment effectively blocked the accumulation of alpha-SMA and maintained the cells in a polarized, adherent, cobblestone-packed monolayer. These findings highlight the feasibility of applying molecular strategies to stabilize lens epithelial cells and prevent aberrant differentiation and growth that leads to cataract.
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Gryshuk AL, Graham A, Pandey SK, Potter WR, Missert JR, Oseroff A, Dougherty TJ, Pandey RK. A First Comparative Study of Purpurinimide-based Fluorinated vs. Nonfluorinated Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy¶. Photochem Photobiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1562/0031-8655(2002)0760555afcsop2.0.co2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tripathi SK, Pandey SK. The effect of aluminium phosphide on the human brain: a histological study. MEDICINE, SCIENCE, AND THE LAW 2007; 47:141-6. [PMID: 17520959 DOI: 10.1258/rsmmsl.47.2.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The study was conducted on 317 cases of poisoning in the Varanasi region, India, between January 2002 and August 2003. Aluminium phosphide (Celphos) was used by 239 victims (75.40% of the total) and was used in 69.03% of male and 30.96% of female cases. It was commoner in males from both rural and urban areas and in the 21-30 year age group. Microscopic investigation of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex showed distinct changes due to the effect of celphos. Findings in the cerebral cortex revealed disorganisation of the different layers, round shaped neurons with a convex border, degenerated Nissl granules in the cytoplasm and a deeply stained degenerated eccentric nucleus. Findings in the cerebellar cortex included degenerated neurons, the infiltration of round cells into the molecular layer and the disappearance of the processes of Purkinje cells. Degenerate nuclei were surrounded by scavenger cells in the granular layer. The subcortical zone of the brain revealed a paucity of glial cells, degeneration of nerve fibres and the appearance of necrotic patches.
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Pandey SK, Zheng X, Morgan J, Missert JR, Liu TH, Shibata M, Bellnier DA, Oseroff AR, Henderson BW, Dougherty TJ, Pandey RK. Purpurinimide Carbohydrate Conjugates: Effect of the Position of the Carbohydrate Moiety in Photosensitizing Efficacy. Mol Pharm 2007; 4:448-64. [PMID: 17373821 DOI: 10.1021/mp060135x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A lactose moiety was regioselectively introduced at various positions of N-hexyl-mesopurpurinimide (a class of chlorin containing a fused six-membered imide ring system, lambda(max): 700 nm) to investigate the effect of its presence and position on photosensitizing efficacy. The resulting novel structures produced a significant difference in in vitro and in vivo efficacy. Among the positional isomers in which the lactose moiety was introduced at positions 3, 8, and 12, the 3-lactose purpurin-18-N-hexylimide produced the best efficacy. Compared to these analogues, the lactose moiety joined with an amide bond at position 17(2), and with an N-benzyl group bearing a -C[triple bond]C- linkage at position 13(2) showed reduced in vitro/in vivo photosensitivity. A noticeable difference between lactose conjugates in cell uptake (RIF tumor cells) was observed at 3 and 24 h postincubation. Replacing the lactose (Galbeta1 --> 4Glc) with beta-galactose and glucose moieties at position 3 of purpurinimide produced an increase in both cell uptake and in in vitro efficacy, but with reduced in vivo efficacy. Sites of intracellular localization differed among photosensitizers with and without carbohydrate moieties. Molecular modeling shows favorable interactions of 3- and 12-lactose-purpurinimide analogues with both galectin-1 and galectin-3, but clear contributions were not found for the conjugate containing lactose moiety at position 8. In a comparative ELISA study of the lactose conjugates with free lactose, all carbohydrate-purpurinimides showed binding to both galectins with a significant variation between the batches of galectins.
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Patra M, Pandey SK, Ramamurthy T, Singh DV, Das SK. Characterization of cytotoxin-producing Aeromonas caviae (strain HT10) isolated from a sulfur spring in Orissa, India. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007; 44:338-41. [PMID: 17309514 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2007.02108.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
During a study of microbial diversity, a bacterial strain designated HT10, was isolated from sediment collected from an unexplored sulfur spring at Athamallik, Orissa, India. Various biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that strain HT10 is Aeromonas caviae. The growth temperature of this strain ranged from 12 to 43 degrees C and the optimum temperature was 30 degrees C. The strain HT10 showed cytotoxic and alpha-hemolytic activity. This is the first report on the isolation of Aeromonas caviae from sulfur spring.
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Abstract
Imidazoline derivatives, a class of novel cationic surfactants are presently gaining importance in global detergent market due to their wide range of applications. These are extensively used mainly as fabric softeners and antistatic agents. The present communication reviews the preparation, reaction scheme, reaction rates and properties of imidazoline derivatives. The analysis of imidazoline derivatives, its mode of action, their biodegradation and various applications have also been discussed.
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Pandey SK, Shukla VK. Anatomical variations of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve. Clin Anat 2007; 20:150-6. [PMID: 16795062 DOI: 10.1002/ca.20365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The variations in formation, location, and courses of the cords of brachial plexus and the median nerve were studied in both axillae of 172 cadavers. The total prevalence of variation was 12.8% (CI, 7.6-17.4) and it was found in 13.2% (CI, 7.5-18) of male and in 10.7% (CI, -0.6-19.6) of female cadavers. These variations were divided into three groups. The first group was abnormal location of the cords, which was either posterolateral or anteromedial in relation to the axillary artery in 2.3% (CI, 0.1-4.5) cadavers. The lateral cord and the medial root of the median nerve had received communicating branches from the posterior cord in most of the cases of this group. The second group was absence of the posterior cord in 3.5% (CI, 0.7-6.1) of cadavers. The lateral and medial cords of this group were connected with the communicating branches, which had a course in front of the axillary artery. The third group was abnormal formation and course of the median nerve in 7% (CI, 3.1-10.6) of cadavers. In all cases of this group the medial root received communicating branch/branches either from the lateral or posterior cord. In eight (4.7%) cadavers, both roots of the median nerve were joined on medial side of the axillary artery to form a median nerve, which traveled medial to the artery. In four (2.3%) cadavers the roots of the median nerve did not join and both traveled separately anteromedial to the axillary and brachial arteries. This study indicates that all three cords and median nerve vary considerably in levels of origin, location and course in relation to the axillary artery and these variable cases were joined with the communicating branch/branches. The observed variations are of anatomical and clinical interest. These kinds of variations are more prone to injury in radical neck dissection and in other surgical operation of the axilla.
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Chen Y, Ohkubo K, Zhang M, Wenbo E, Liu W, Pandey SK, Ciesielski M, Baumann H, Erin T, Fukuzumi S, Kadish KM, Fenstermaker R, Oseroff A, Pandey RK. Photophysical, electrochemical characteristics and cross-linking of STAT-3 protein by an efficient bifunctional agent for fluorescence image-guided photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2007; 6:1257-67. [DOI: 10.1039/b710395f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kleinmann G, Apple DJ, Werner L, Pandey SK, Neuhann IM, Assia EI, Laws DE, de Borin OA, Mamalis N. Postoperative surface deposits on intraocular lenses in children. J Cataract Refract Surg 2006; 32:1932-7. [PMID: 17081899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the clinicopathologic features of 4 intraocular lenses (IOLs) composed of 3 different hydrophilic biomaterials explanted from children who had postoperative opacification of the IOL optic. SETTING David J Apple, MD, Laboratories for Ophthalmic Devices Research, John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. METHODS The IOLs were explanted 20, 11, 22, and 25 months postoperatively from children aged 10, 3, 36, and 20 months old, respectively, at IOL implantation. Clinical data were obtained to correlate the findings with possible associated risk factors. The explanted IOLs were examined by gross and light microscopy. They were further analyzed with a stain for calcium, alizarin red 1%. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were also performed. RESULTS The primary reason for cataract surgery in Case 1 and Case 2 was persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV); 1 patient received a B-Lens IOL (Hanita) and the other a Centerflex IOL (Rayner). The primary reason in Case 3 was familial bilateral congenital cataract and in Case 4, rubella cataract; both patients received a Hydroview IOL (Bausch & Lomb). All 4 IOLs had surface deposits on the optic, but the morphology of the deposits on the B-Lens and Centerflex IOLs was different than that in previously reported cases. The deposits in all four cases stained positive with alizarin red and consisted of calcium and phosphorus when imaged with EDS. CONCLUSIONS Calcified deposits on 2 Hydroview IOLs explanted from children were similar to those seen in adults with the same IOL. The deposits on the B-Lens and Centerflex IOLs were probably secondary to a breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier caused by preexisting PHPV.
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Neuhann IM, Stodulka P, Werner L, Mamalis N, Pandey SK, Kleinmann G, Apple DJ. Two opacification patterns of the same hydrophilic acrylic polymer: case reports and clinicopathological correlation. J Cataract Refract Surg 2006; 32:879-86. [PMID: 16765810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We report 2 intraocular lenses (IOLs) manufactured from the same hydrophilic acrylic polymer by Ioltech that developed optic opacification. In both cases, the postoperative course after implantation of the IOLs was complicated by significant inflammatory reaction with fibrin formation in the anterior chamber. Pathologic analyses of the explanted IOLs were consistent with dystrophic calcification leading to optic opacification, but the pattern was different between the 2 IOL designs. Patient-related factors might have been responsible for this complication.
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