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Harada T, Asahina H, Oizumi S, Takamura K, Harada M, Kanazawa K, Fujita Y, Kojima T, Sugaya F, Tanaka H, Ryoichi H, Ogi T, Ikari T, Yokouchi H, Kikuch E, Akita H, Isobe H, Nishimura M. A prospective phase II trial of carboplatin (CBDCA) and nab-paclitaxel (nabPTX) for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Hirasawa K, Izumo M, Umemoto T, Suzuki K, Harada T, Akashi YJ. P304Prognostic significance of transvalvular flow rate during exercise in asymptomatic patients with aortic stenosis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz747.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The optimal management of asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) remains controversial. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) in asymptomatic patients with AS.
Purpose
To investigate the additive value of ESE in asymptomatic patients with AS.
Methods and results
We retrospectively enrolled 109 consecutive patients (mean age 73±13 years, 55 men) with AS (aortic valve area ≤1.5cm2) who underwent ESE. Of these, 10 patients referred for aortic valve replacement without symptoms were excluded; finally, 99 conservatively managed patients were enrolled. During the mean follow-up period of 14±11 months, 23 patients (23%) suffered from AS related events. Although no differences in mean pressure gradient at rest and during exercise were found between the patients with and without adverse events, transvalvular flow rate during exercise (Ex-FR) was lower in patients with adverse events than those without adverse events (236±55 ml/sec vs 274±64 ml/sec, P=0.01). Using multivariate Cox regression analysis, low Ex-FR (<270 ml/sec) was an independent predictor for adverse events in patients with asymptomatic AS (hazard ratio: 3.53, P<0.01). The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that Ex-FR was clearly stratified the event-free survival (Figure, log-rank P<0.01).
K-M curve according to Ex-FR
Conclusion
These results suggested that Ex-FR measured by ESE should play crucial roles in risk stratification in asymptomatic patients with AS.
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Hirasawa K, Izumo M, Mizukoshi K, Suzuki T, Sato Y, Watanabe M, Kamijima R, Ohara H, Harada T, Akashi YJ. P1493Prognostic significance of right ventricular function during exercise in patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a heterogeneous condition that may present crucial complication including life-threatening arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. However, the risk stratification of HCM without left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction had not been fully elucidated. Moreover, although recent studies have revealed the right ventricle (RV) involvement of HCM, the prognostic importance of RV function during exercise is unclear.
Purpose
To investigate the prognostic significance of RV function in patients with non-obstructive HCM using exercise stress echocardiography (ESE).
Methods and results
This study conducted on 100 HCM patients (age 62.9±13.6 years, 63% men) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction who underwent ESE using semi-supine bicycle ergometer. Ten patients with significant LVOT obstruction (≥30mmHg) were excluded and 9 were also excluded because of the inadequate imaging quality or insufficiency of data. Among remaining 81 non-obstructive HCM patients, 9 patients suffered from HCM related cardiac events including cardiac death, unexpected hospitalization, life-threatening arrhythmias, and new-onset of syncope during the mean follow up period of 2.6±1.6 years. A multivariate Cox Hazard analysis revealed that low tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion during exercise (Ex-TAPSE, cut-off: 24mm) was an independent predictor of cardiac events. (hazard ratio: 18.66, 95% confidence interval: 3.66–338.46, P<0.001) The estimated cumulative cardiac event free survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was significantly lower in patients with reduced Ex-TAPSE (<24mm) than those with preserved Ex-TAPSE (Log-rank, P<0.01).
K-M curve according to Ex-TAPSE
Conclusion
Ex-TAPSE had a strong predictive value of clinical outcomes in non-obstructive HCM patients. Right ventricular function during exercise may have crucial role in the risk stratification of non-obstructive HCM.
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Ko R, Oizumi S, Mizugaki H, Fujita Y, Harada T, Takashina T, Igawa S, Watanabe K, Hotta T, Minemura H, Saeki S, Yagishita S, Hamada A. P1.14-36 Phase II Trial of Afatinib in Elderly Patients Aged Over 75 Years with EGFR Mutation Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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55
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Kawashima Y, Yamaguchi O, Kozuki T, Furuya N, Kurimoto F, Okuno T, Yamada T, Komiyama K, Ko R, Nagai Y, Ishikawa N, Harada T, Watanabe K, Seike M, Yoshimura K, Kobayashi K, Kagamu H. Phase II study to evaluate the peripheral blood mononuclear cell biomarker for nivolumab efficacy on previously treated non-small cell lung cancer subjects (NEJ029B: IMMUNITY-ONE). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ohhara Y, Kojima T, Honjo O, Yamada N, Sato T, Kunisaki M, Takamura K, Takashina T, Sukoh N, Tanaka H, Kawai Y, Fujita Y, Sugaya F, Hommura F, Harada T, Ryoichi H, Kinoshita I, Amano T, Oizumi S, Akita H. Prognostic factors for non-small cell lung cancer patients with driver mutation negative and brain metastases (HOT 1701). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Harada T, Ito S, Tsukazaki A. Electric dipole effect in PdCoO 2/β-Ga 2O 3 Schottky diodes for high-temperature operation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax5733. [PMID: 31667346 PMCID: PMC6799984 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax5733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature operation of semiconductor devices is widely demanded for switching/sensing purposes in automobiles, plants, and aerospace applications. As alternatives to conventional Si-based Schottky diodes usable only at 200°C or less, Schottky interfaces based on wide-bandgap semiconductors have been extensively studied to realize a large Schottky barrier height that makes high-temperature operation possible. Here, we report a unique crystalline Schottky interface composed of a wide-gap semiconductor β-Ga2O3 and a layered metal PdCoO2. At the thermally stable all-oxide interface, the polar layered structure of PdCoO2 generates electric dipoles, realizing a large Schottky barrier height of ~1.8 eV, well beyond the 0.7 eV expected from the basal Schottky-Mott relation. Because of the naturally formed homogeneous electric dipoles, this junction achieved current rectification with a large on/off ratio approaching 108 even at a high temperature of 350°C. The exceptional performance of the PdCoO2/β-Ga2O3 Schottky diodes makes power/sensing devices possible for extreme environments.
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Honda S, Namekata K, Kimura A, Guo X, Harada C, Murakami A, Matsuda A, Harada T. Survival of Alpha and Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells in NMDA-Induced Neurotoxicity and a Mouse Model of Normal Tension Glaucoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:3696-3707. [DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Namekata K, Guo X, Kimura A, Arai N, Harada C, Harada T. DOCK8 is expressed in microglia, and it regulates microglial activity during neurodegeneration in murine disease models. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:13421-13433. [PMID: 31337702 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 (DOCK8) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor whose loss of function results in immunodeficiency, but its role in the central nervous system (CNS) has been unclear. Microglia are the resident immune cells of the CNS and are implicated in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and glaucoma, which affects the visual system. However, the exact roles of microglia in these diseases remain unknown. Herein, we report that DOCK8 is expressed in microglia but not in neurons or astrocytes and that its expression is increased during neuroinflammation. To define the role of DOCK8 in microglial activity, we focused on the retina, a tissue devoid of infiltrating T cells. The retina is divided into distinct layers, and in a disease model of MS/optic neuritis, DOCK8-deficient mice exhibited a clear reduction in microglial migration through these layers. Moreover, neuroinflammation severity, indicated by clinical scores, visual function, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, was reduced in the DOCK8-deficient mice. Furthermore, using a glaucoma disease model, we observed impaired microglial phagocytosis of RGCs in DOCK8-deficient mice. Our data demonstrate that DOCK8 is expressed in microglia and regulates microglial activity in disease states. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in microglial activation and implicate a role of DOCK8 in several neurological diseases.
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Harada T, Tsutomi H, Mori R, Wilson DB. Cognitive-behavioural treatment for amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS)-use disorders. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2019; 15:e1026. [PMID: 37131466 PMCID: PMC8356519 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) refer to a group of synthetic stimulants including amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and related substances. ATS are highly addictive and prolonged use may result in a series of mental and physical symptoms including anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances, cognitive impairments, paranoia, hallucinations and delusion.Currently there is no widely accepted treatment for ATS-use disorder. However, cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) is the first-choice treatment. The effectiveness of CBT for other substance-use disorders (e.g. alcohol-, opioid- and cocaine-use disorders) has been well documented and as such this basic treatment approach has been applied to the ATS-use disorder. Objectives To investigate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioural treatment for people with ATS-use disorder for reducing ATS use compared to other types of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, 12-step facilitation, no intervention or treatment as usual. Search methods We identified randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-RCTs comparing CBT for ATS-use disorders with other types of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, 12 step facilitation or no intervention. We searched the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group Specialised Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase and five other databases up to July 2018. In addition, we examined reference lists of eligible studies and other systematic reviews. We contacted experts in the field. Selection criteria Eligibility criteria consisted of RCTs and quasi-RCTs comparing CBT versus other types of interventions with adult ATS users (aged 18 years or older) diagnosed by any explicit diagnostic system. Primary outcomes included abstinence rate and other indicators of drug-using behaviours. Data collection and analysis We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. Main results Only two studies met the eligibility criteria. Both studies were at low risk of selection bias and reporting bias. In one study, almost half of participants in the intervention group dropped out and this study was at high risk of attrition bias. The studies compared a single session of brief CBT or a web-based CBT to a waiting-list control (total sample size across studies of 129). Results were mixed across the studies. For the single-session brief CBT study, two out of five measures of drug use produced significant results, percentage of abstinent days in 90 days (odds ratio (OR) 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02 to 2.11) and dependence symptoms (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.59, 95% CI-1.16 to-0.02). Little confidence could be placed in the results from this study give the small sample size (25 participants per group) and corresponding large CIs around the observed effects. For the web-based CBT, there was no significant difference across different outcomes. Neither study reported adverse effects. The meta-analytic mean across these two trials for drug use was not significant (SMD -0.28, 95% CI-0.69 to 0.14). In summary, overall quality of evidence was low and there was insufficient evidence to conclude that CBT is effective, or ineffective, at treating ATS use. Authors' conclusions Currently, there is not enough evidence to establish the efficacy of CBT for ATS-use disorders because of a paucity of high-quality research in this area.
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Wiltrout K, Ferrer A, van de Laar I, Namekata K, Harada T, Klee EW, Zimmerman MT, Cousin MA, Kempainen JL, Babovic-Vuksanovic D, van Slegtenhorst MA, Aarts-Tesselaar CD, Schnur RE, Andrews M, Shinawi M. Variants in DOCK3 cause developmental delay and hypotonia. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:1225-1234. [PMID: 30976111 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The DOCK3 gene encodes the Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (DOCK3) protein, which belongs to the family of guanine nucleotide exchange factors and is expressed almost exclusively in the brain and spinal cord. We used whole exome sequencing (WES) to investigate the molecular cause of developmental delay and hypotonia in three unrelated probands. WES identified truncating and splice site variants in Patient 1 and compound heterozygous and homozygous missense variants in Patients 2 and 3, respectively. We studied the effect of the three missense variants in vitro by using site-directed mutagenesis and pull-down assay and show that the induction of Rac1 activation was significantly lower in DOCK3 mutant cells compared with wild type human DOCK3 (P < 0.05). We generated a protein model to further examine the effect of the two missense variants within or adjacent to the DHR-2 domain in DOCK3 and this model supports pathogenicity. Our results support a loss of function mechanism but the data on the patients with missense variants should be cautiously interpreted because of the variability of the phenotypes and limited number of cases. Prior studies have described DOCK3 bi-allelic loss of function variants in two families with ataxia, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Here, we report on three patients with DOCK3-related developmental delay, wide-based or uncoordinated gait, and hypotonia, further supporting DOCK3's role in a neurodevelopmental syndrome and expanding the spectrum of phenotypic and genotypic variability.
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Sano H, Namekata K, Kimura A, Shitara H, Guo X, Harada C, Mitamura Y, Harada T. Differential effects of N-acetylcysteine on retinal degeneration in two mouse models of normal tension glaucoma. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:75. [PMID: 30692515 PMCID: PMC6349904 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is widely used as a mucolytic agent and as an antidote to paracetamol overdose. NAC serves as a precursor of cysteine and stimulates the synthesis of glutathione in neural cells. Suppressing oxidative stress in the retina may be an effective therapeutic strategy for glaucoma, a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and optic nerves. Here we examined the therapeutic potential of NAC in two mouse models of normal tension glaucoma, in which excitatory amino-acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) or glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) gene was deleted. EAAC1 is expressed in retinal neurons including RGCs, whereas GLAST is mainly expressed in Müller glial cells. Intraperitoneal administration of NAC prevented RGC degeneration and visual impairment in EAAC1-deficient (knockout; KO) mice, but not in GLAST KO mice. In EAAC1 KO mice, oxidative stress and autophagy were suppressed with increased glutathione levels by NAC treatment. Our findings suggest a possibility that systemic administration of NAC may be available for some types of glaucoma patients.
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Fukasawa N, Fukuda T, Nagaoka M, Harada T, Takahashi H, Ikegami M. Aggregation and phosphorylation of α-synuclein with proteinase K resistance in focal α-synucleinopathy predominantly localized to the cardiac sympathetic nervous system. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2019. [PMID: 28637099 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Akaiwa K, Namekata K, Azuchi Y, Sano H, Guo X, Kimura A, Harada C, Mitamura Y, Harada T. Topical Ripasudil Suppresses Retinal Ganglion Cell Death in a Mouse Model of Normal Tension Glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:2080-2089. [PMID: 29677370 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-23276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess if ripasudil has a neuroprotective effect using mice with excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) deletion (EAAC1 knockout [KO] mice), a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma. Methods Topical administration (5 μL/day) of two different concentrations of ripasudil (0.4% and 2%) were applied to EAAC1 KO mice from 5 to 12 weeks old. Optical coherence tomography, multifocal electroretinograms, the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP), and histopathology analyses were performed at 5, 8, and 12 weeks old. Retrograde labeling of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), immunoblot, and immunohistochemical analyses of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the retina were performed at 8 weeks old. Results Topical ripasudil ameliorated retinal degeneration and improved visual function in EAAC1 KO mice at both 8 and 12 weeks old. Ripasudil reduced IOP and strongly suppressed the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK that stimulates RGC death in EAAC1 KO mice. Conclusions These results suggest that, in addition to IOP reduction, ripasudil prevents glaucomatous retinal degeneration by neuroprotection, which is achieved by suppressing cell-death signaling pathways.
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Harada T, Takemura A. [Quality Assurance Procedure for Linear Accelerators Measuring Direct Tissue Maximum Ratio with a Calibration Water Phantom]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2019; 75:1150-1157. [PMID: 31631108 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2019_jsrt_75.10.1150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we proposed an efficient quality assurance method which can measure direct tissue maximum ratio (TMRDir), total scatter factor (Scp, Dir), wedge factor (WFDir), tissue phantom ratio 20/10 (TPR20/10Dir) by using a calibration water phantom and a Farmer chamber. The TMRDir was compared with the calculated TMR (TMRCal) that was calculated from the percentage depth dose at the time of the linear accelerator installation. Scp, Dir, WFDir and TPR20/10Dir calculated from TMRDir were compared with Scp, BD, WFBD, and TPR20/10BD measured at the time of the linear accelerator installation. The difference between TMRDir and TMRCal was approximately within 1% except for using 60° wedge filter. The difference between Scp, Dir and Scp, BD was within 1%, between WFDir and WFBD was within 2%, between TPR20/10Dir and TPR20/10BD was within 1%, these differences were acceptable levels of AAPM TG-142 report. Also, coefficient of variation (CV) of TMRDir, ScpDir, WFDir and TPR20/10Dir when changing days and measuring multiple times were approximately within 1%, these CVs were reference levels of AAPM TG-106 report. We validated that was an efficient quality assurance method by measuring direct tissue maximum ratio, but the propose method has limited in measurable field size.
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Harada T, Tsutomi H, Mori R, Wilson DB. Cognitive-behavioural treatment for amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS)-use disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 12:CD011315. [PMID: 30577083 PMCID: PMC6516990 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd011315.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) refer to a group of synthetic stimulants including amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and related substances. ATS are highly addictive and prolonged use may result in a series of mental and physical symptoms including anxiety, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances, cognitive impairments, paranoia, hallucinations and delusion.Currently there is no widely accepted treatment for ATS-use disorder. However, cognitive-behavioural treatment (CBT) is the first-choice treatment. The effectiveness of CBT for other substance-use disorders (e.g. alcohol-, opioid- and cocaine-use disorders) has been well documented and as such this basic treatment approach has been applied to the ATS-use disorder. OBJECTIVES To investigate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioural treatment for people with ATS-use disorder for reducing ATS use compared to other types of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, 12-step facilitation, no intervention or treatment as usual. SEARCH METHODS We identified randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-RCTs comparing CBT for ATS-use disorders with other types of psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, 12 step facilitation or no intervention. We searched the Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group Specialised Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase and five other databases up to July 2018. In addition, we examined reference lists of eligible studies and other systematic reviews. We contacted experts in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA Eligibility criteria consisted of RCTs and quasi-RCTs comparing CBT versus other types of interventions with adult ATS users (aged 18 years or older) diagnosed by any explicit diagnostic system. Primary outcomes included abstinence rate and other indicators of drug-using behaviours. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS Only two studies met the eligibility criteria. Both studies were at low risk of selection bias and reporting bias. In one study, almost half of participants in the intervention group dropped out and this study was at high risk of attrition bias. The studies compared a single session of brief CBT or a web-based CBT to a waiting-list control (total sample size across studies of 129). Results were mixed across the studies. For the single-session brief CBT study, two out of five measures of drug use produced significant results, percentage of abstinent days in 90 days (odds ratio (OR) 0.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02 to 2.11) and dependence symptoms (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.59, 95% CI -1.16 to -0.02). Little confidence could be placed in the results from this study give the small sample size (25 participants per group) and corresponding large CIs around the observed effects. For the web-based CBT, there was no significant difference across different outcomes. Neither study reported adverse effects. The meta-analytic mean across these two trials for drug use was not significant (SMD -0.28, 95% CI -0.69 to 0.14). In summary, overall quality of evidence was low and there was insufficient evidence to conclude that CBT is effective, or ineffective, at treating ATS use. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Currently, there is not enough evidence to establish the efficacy of CBT for ATS-use disorders because of a paucity of high-quality research in this area.
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Lenz B, Braendli-Baiocco A, Engelhardt J, Fant P, Fischer H, Francke S, Fukuda R, Gröters S, Harada T, Harleman H, Kaufmann W, Kustermann S, Nolte T, Palazzi X, Pohlmeyer-Esch G, Popp A, Romeike A, Schulte A, Lima BS, Tomlinson L, Willard J, Wood CE, Yoshida M. Characterizing Adversity of Lysosomal Accumulation in Nonclinical Toxicity Studies: Results from the 5th ESTP International Expert Workshop. Toxicol Pathol 2018; 46:224-246. [PMID: 29471779 DOI: 10.1177/0192623317749452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes have a central role in cellular catabolism, trafficking, and processing of foreign particles. Accumulation of endogenous and exogenous materials in lysosomes represents a common finding in nonclinical toxicity studies. Histologically, these accumulations often lack distinctive features indicative of lysosomal or cellular dysfunction, making it difficult to consistently interpret and assign adverse dose levels. To help address this issue, the European Society of Toxicologic Pathology organized a workshop where representative types of lysosomal accumulation induced by pharmaceuticals and environmental chemicals were presented and discussed. The expert working group agreed that the diversity of lysosomal accumulations requires a case-by-case weight-of-evidence approach and outlined several factors to consider in the adversity assessment, including location and type of cell affected, lysosomal contents, severity of the accumulation, and related pathological effects as evidence of cellular or organ dysfunction. Lysosomal accumulations associated with cytotoxicity, inflammation, or fibrosis were generally considered to be adverse, while those found in isolation (without morphologic or functional consequences) were not. Workshop examples highlighted the importance of thoroughly characterizing the biological context of lysosomal effects, including mechanistic data and functional in vitro readouts if available. The information provided here should facilitate greater consistency and transparency in the interpretation of lysosomal effects.
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Nakahara Y, Oizumi S, Mizugaki H, Fujita Y, Harada T, Takashina T, Ko R, Watanabe K, Hotta T, Minemura H, Saeki S, Yagishita S, Hamada A. Phase II trial of afatinib in elderly patients over 75 years of age with EGFR mutation positive NSCLC. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy425.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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69
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Noriyuki T, Imai H, Fumita S, Harada T, Gamoh M, Akashi Y, Sato H, Kizawa Y, Tokoro A. Opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer pain in Japan (OIC-J study): Patients’ self-assessment of the symptoms and the impact. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy444.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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70
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Nakamura S, Miki H, Okamoto Y, Sogabe K, Oura M, Takahashi M, Iwasa M, Harada T, Fujii S, Kagawa K, Abe M. Alteration of muscle mass after chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy444.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Harada C, Kimura A, Guo X, Namekata K, Harada T. Recent advances in genetically modified animal models of glaucoma and their roles in drug repositioning. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 103:161-166. [PMID: 30366949 PMCID: PMC6362806 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of vision loss in the world. Currently, pharmacological intervention for glaucoma therapy is limited to eye drops that reduce intraocular pressure (IOP). Recent studies have shown that various factors as well as IOP are involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma, especially in the subtype of normal tension glaucoma. To date, various animal models of glaucoma have been established, including glutamate/aspartate transporter knockout (KO) mice, excitatory amino acid carrier 1 KO mice, optineurin E50K knock-in mice, DBA/2J mice and experimentally induced models. These animal models are very useful for elucidating the pathogenesis of glaucoma and for identifying potential therapeutic targets. However, each model represents only some aspects of glaucoma, never the whole disease. This review will summarise the benefits and limitations of using disease models of glaucoma and recent basic research in retinal protection using existing drugs.
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Imai H, Fumita S, Harada T, Noriyuki T, Gamoh M, Akashi Y, Sato H, Kizawa Y, Tokoro A. Opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer pain in Japan: Prospective observational study using Rome IV OIC diagnostic criteria (OIC-J Study). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy300.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Harada T, Udagawa H, Sugiyama E, Atagi S, Koyama R, Watanabe S, Nakamura Y, Harada D, Hataji O, Tanaka F, Niimi A, Kida H, Satouchi M, Inoue A, Urata Y, Yamane Y, Yoh K, Yoshioka H, Yamanaka T, Goto K. P1.01-33 Randomized Phase 2 Study Comparing CBDCA+PTX+BEV and CDDP+PEM+BEV in Treatment-Naïve Advanced Non-Sq NSCLC (CLEAR study). J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yamada T, Shiotsu S, Tanimura K, Harada T, Kubota Y, Takeda T, Watanabe S, Uchino J, Takayama K. P1.01-102 Retrospective Analysis of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with EGFR Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in a Japanese Cohort. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Goda T, Kinoshita I, Oizumi S, Nakano K, Harada T, Kawai Y, Sakakibara-Konishi J, Yokouchi H, Morikawa N, Yamada N, Yamazaki S, Sugawara S, Asahina H, Amano T, Hatanaka Y, Matsuno Y, Nishihara H, Isobe H, Nishimura M, Dosaka-Akita H. A prospective observational study of HER2 alterations in NSCLCs: HOT1303-A. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy292.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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