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Garrison JC, Youngs WJ. Ag(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: synthesis, structure, and application. Chem Rev 2006; 105:3978-4008. [PMID: 16277368 DOI: 10.1021/cr050004s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 896] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Garrison JC, Panzner MJ, Custer PD, Reddy DV, Rinaldi PL, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Synthesis and characterization of a trigonal bipyramidal supramolecular cage based upon rhodium and platinum metal centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:4644-6. [PMID: 17082870 DOI: 10.1039/b608991g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 4-ethynyl-pyridine with tert-butyl lithium followed by its addition to (Me3tacn)RhCl3 affords the facial octahedral complex (Me3tacn)Rh(CCPy)3, condensation of which with the square planar complex cis-(DCPE)Pt(NO3)2 results in a self-assembled trigonal bipyramidal cage with Rh(III) and Pt(II) atoms occupying the vertices.
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Garrison JC, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Synthesis and crystallographic characterization of multi-donor N-heterocyclic carbene chelating ligands and their silver complexes: Potential use in pharmaceuticals. J Organomet Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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54
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Gostevskii B, Kalikhman I, Tessier CA, Panzner MJ, Youngs WJ, Kost D. Hexacoordinate Complexes of Silacyclobutane: Spontaneous Ring Opening and Rearrangement. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om0505559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Reaction of aluminum trichloride or gallium trichloride with the extremely weak base hexachlorotriphosphazene gives adducts in which the group 13 element is bound to a phosphazene nitrogen atom. In solution, the adducts exhibit fluxional behavior. The phosphazene ring of the adducts is distorted into a slight chair conformation.
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Custer PD, Garrison JC, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Anion Directed Synthesis of Paddlane and Trisilver Tweezer Complexes Based upon Silver Coordination Chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:5738-9. [PMID: 15839642 DOI: 10.1021/ja050154k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Addition of AgBF4 or Ag(O3SCF3) to the tripodal ligand, Me3tacnRh(CCPh)3, yields a paddlane complex as well as a novel trinuclear silver "tweezer" complex based upon silver acetylene coordination chemistry. The paddlane is composed of two Me3tacnRh(CCPh)3 moieties held together by silver acetylene interactions. The tweezer complex is composed of one tripodal moiety with three silver atoms coordinated to each acetylene-Rh-acetylene face. The tweezer complex is stabilized by additional interactions, including a triflate anion which serves to cap the complex.
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Al-Humydi A, Youngs WJ, Collins S. Propene Polymerization Using ansa-Metallocenium Ions: Excess Activator Effects on Polymerization Activity and Polymer Microstructure. Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om050100j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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59
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Melaiye A, Sun Z, Hindi K, Milsted A, Ely D, Reneker DH, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Silver(I)−Imidazole Cyclophanegem-Diol Complexes Encapsulated by Electrospun Tecophilic Nanofibers: Formation of Nanosilver Particles and Antimicrobial Activity. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:2285-91. [PMID: 15713108 DOI: 10.1021/ja040226s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silver(I)-imidazole cyclophane gem-diol complex, 3 [Ag2C36 N10(O)4](2+)2(x)-, where x = OH- or CO3(2-), was synthesized and well characterized. The minimum inhibition concentration tests showed that the aqueous form of 3 is 2 times less effective as an antibiotic than 0.5% AgNO3, with about the same amount of silver. The antimicrobial activity of 3 was enhanced when encapsulated into Tecophilic polymer by electrospinning to obtain mats made of nano-fibers. The fiber mats released nanosilver particles, which in turn sustained the antimicrobial activity of the mats over a long period of time. The rate of bactericidal activity of 3 was greatly improved by encapsulation, and the amount of silver used was much reduced. The amount of silver contained in the fiber mat of 3, with 75% of 3 and 25% Tecophilic, was 8 times less than that in 0.5% AgNO3 and 5 times lower than that in silver sulfadiazine cream 1%. The fiber mat was found to kill S. aureus at the same rate as 0.5% AgNO3, with zero colonies on an agar plate, and about 6 times faster than silver sulfadiazine cream. The silver mats were found effective against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, C. albicans, A. niger, and S. cerevisiae. Transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the fiber mats. The acute toxicity of the ligand (imidazolium cyclophane gem-diol dichloride) was assessed by intravenous administration to rats, with an LD 50 of 100 mg/kg of rat.
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Al-Humydi A, Garrison JC, Youngs WJ, Collins S. Propene Polymerization Using ansa-Metallocenium Ions: Excess Activator Effects on Polymerization Activity and Polymer Microstructure. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om0492092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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61
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Wagler TA, Daunch WA, Panzner M, Youngs WJ, Rinaldi PL. Solid-state 33S MAS NMR of inorganic sulfates. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2004; 170:336-344. [PMID: 15388098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2004.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2004] [Revised: 07/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state (33)S MAS NMR spectra of a variety of inorganic sulfates have been obtained at magnetic field strengths of 4.7, 14.1, 17.6, and 18.8 T. Some of the difficulties associated with obtaining natural abundance (33)S NMR spectra have been overcome by using a high magnetic field strength and magic angle spinning (MAS). Multiple factors were considered when analyzing the spectral linewidths, including magnetic field inhomogeneity, dipolar coupling, chemical shift anisotropy, chemical shift dispersion, and quadrupolar coupling. In most of these sulfate samples, quadrupolar coupling was the dominant line broadening mechanism. Nuclear electric quadrupolar coupling constants (C(q)) as large as 2.05 MHz were calculated using spectral simulation software. Spectral information from these new data are compared with X-ray measurements and GAUSSIAN 98W calculations. A general correlation was observed between the magnitude of the C(q) and the increasing difference between S-O bond distances within the sulfate groups. Solid-state (33)S spin-lattice (T(1)) relaxation times were measured and show a significant reduction in T(1) for the hydrated sulfates. This is most likely the result of the modulation of the time-dependent electric field gradient at the nuclear site by motion of water molecules. This information will be useful in future efforts to use (33)S NMR in the compositional and structural analysis of sulfur containing materials.
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Quezada CA, Garrison JC, Panzner MJ, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. The Potential Use of Rhodium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes as Radiopharmaceuticals: The Transfer of a Carbene from Ag(I) to RhCl3·3H2O. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om049697d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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63
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Garrison JC, Kim H, Collins S, Youngs WJ. A fluorophenylboron-functionalized zirconium silsesquioxane complex. Acta Crystallogr C 2004; 60:m357-9. [PMID: 15237161 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270104012296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2004] [Accepted: 05/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis(eta5-cyclopentadienyl)[rel-(1R,5S,7R,14S)-(1,3,5,7,9,11,14-heptacyclopentyl-7,14-dioxidotricyclo[7.3.3(1,9).1(5,11)]heptasiloxan-3-yloxy)bis(pentafluorophenyl)borane2-]zirconium, [Zr(C5H5)2(C47H63BF10O12Si7)], consists of [ZrCp2] (Cp is cyclopentadienyl) and [(C6F5)2B] moieties bound to a silsesquioxane core. The silsesquioxane binds to the Zr atom through two of its O atoms to form a distorted tetrahedron. The [(C6F5)2B] moiety is bound to the silsesquioxane through an O atom, forming an Si-O-B bond angle of 168.4 (4) degrees. The steric and electronic effects of the Zr atom and the borate moieties force the silsesquioxane core to distort. These distortions can be seen by examination of the Si-O-Si bond angles.
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Vembu N, Nallu M, Durmus S, Panzner M, Garrison J, Youngs WJ. Layer architecture in 4-nitrophenyl and 4-chlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate at 100 K. Acta Crystallogr C 2004; 60:o248-51. [PMID: 15071225 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270104002471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2003] [Accepted: 01/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The structures of the title compounds, C(12)H(8)N(2)O(7)S and C(12)H(8)ClNO(5)S, contain weak C-H.O interactions creating layers of molecules which, taking the conformation of the molecules into account, are arranged in an ABAB sequence. Both structures can be designated, therefore, as ordered racemates of rotameric species.
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Melaiye A, Simons RS, Milsted A, Pingitore F, Wesdemiotis C, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Formation of water-soluble pincer silver(I)-carbene complexes: a novel antimicrobial agent. J Med Chem 2004; 47:973-7. [PMID: 14761198 DOI: 10.1021/jm030262m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Silver(I)-2,6-bis(ethanolimidazolemethyl)pyridine hydroxide (4a) and silver(I)-2,6-bis(propanolimidazolemethyl)pyridine hydroxide (4b) are water-soluble silver(I)-carbene complexes that were synthesized in high yield by reacting silver(I) oxide with N-substituted pincer ligands 3 (a = 2,6-bis(ethanolimidazoliummethyl)pyridine diiodide, b = 2,6-bis(propanolimidazoliummethylpyridine)pyridine dibromide). The X-ray crystal structure of 4a is a one-dimensional linear polymer, whereas the mass spectroscopy confirms a monomer in the gas phase. A change in the anion of 4a from a hydroxide to a hexafluorophosphate formed a silver(I)-carbene complex 4c that is dimeric in structure and insoluble in water. The bactericidal activities of the water-soluble silver(I)-carbene complexes were found to be improved over that of silver nitrate.
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Kascatan-Nebioglu A, Panzner MJ, Garrison JC, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Synthesis and Structural Characterization ofN-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Silver(I) and Rhodium(I) from Caffeine. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om030689r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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67
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Vembu N, Nallu M, Durmus S, Pazner M, Garrison J, Youngs WJ. 2-Chlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate and 2,4-dichlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate: supramolecular aggregation through C-H...O, pi-pi and van der Waals interactions. Acta Crystallogr C 2004; 60:o65-8. [PMID: 14712050 DOI: 10.1107/s0108270103027380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2003] [Accepted: 11/28/2003] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2-chlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, C(12)H(8)ClNO(5)S, and 2,4-dichlorophenyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, C(12)H(7)Cl(2)NO(5)S, weak C-H...O interactions generate S(5), S(6) and R(2)(2)(7) rings. The supramolecular aggregation is completed by the presence of pi-pi interactions and intermolecular van der Waals short contacts.
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Simons RS, Panzner MJ, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Formation of a sterically crowded iridium(III)-silyl complex from the bulky terphenyl silane H3Si(C6H3Mes2-2,6). J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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69
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Stapleton RA, Galan BR, Collins S, Simons RS, Garrison JC, Youngs WJ. Bulky aluminum alkyl scavengers in olefin polymerization with group 4 catalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:9246-7. [PMID: 12889925 DOI: 10.1021/ja030121+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The binding of H2O to MeAl(OAr)2 (1: Ar = 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) in THF-d8 at -40 degrees C provides aquo complex 2, the structure of which was determined by X-ray crystallography. Complex 2 is unstable above 0 degrees C in THF-d8 and decomposes to form ArOH (major), CH4 (minor), and a methyl aluminoxane of undetermined structure. Decomposition of 2 follows first-order kinetics with k = 3.0 x 10-4 s-1 at 5 degrees C. The hindered phenol ArOH slowly reacts with [Cp2ZrMe][MeB(C6F5)3] (4) in bromobenzene-d5 solution at 25 degrees C to furnish CH4 and [Cp2ZrOAr][MeB(C6F5)3] (5), the structure of which was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. This reaction follows second-order kinetics for [ArOH] = [4] = 0.045 M and with k = 2.8 x 10-3 M-1 s-1 at 25 degrees C. This corresponds to a rate that is >107 x slower than the apparent rate of ethylene insertion for 4 at 25 degrees C at typical concentrations encountered in olefin polymerization. The kinetic data, as well as control experiments involving the addition of ArOH to active catalyst producing poly(ethylene), demonstrate that ArOH has essentially no effect on polymerization kinetics involving 4.
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Garrison JC, Simons RS, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Synthesis and structural characterization of a [Ag4]4+ cluster stabilized by a mixed-donor N-heterocyclic carbene linked cyclophane and the first reported synthesis of a N-heterocyclic carbene complex in water. J Organomet Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(03)00151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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71
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Simons RS, Custer P, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Formation of N-Heterocyclic Complexes of Rhodium and Palladium from a Pincer Silver(I) Carbene Complex. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om020958y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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72
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Simons RS, Gallucci JC, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. Synthesis and characterization of the sterically hindered iridium(III)–silyl complex: (Et3P)3(H)2Ir[Si(H)Cl(C6H3-Mes2-2,6)] and the generation of the cationic iridium(III)-silylene complex: [(Et3P)3(H)2IrSi(H)(C6H3-Mes2-2,6)][B(C6F5)4]. J Organomet Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(02)01374-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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73
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Ferrara JD, Tessier-Youngs C, Youngs WJ. Synthesis and characterization of a copper(I) triflate complex of 1,2:5,6:9,10-tribenzocyclododeca-1,5,9-triene-3,7,11-triyne. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om00146a041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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74
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Guo L, Bradshaw JD, Tessier CA, Youngs WJ. A Planar Skeleton Heterocyclyne, 1,1-Diphenyl-4,5:8,9-dibenzo-1-silacycloundeca-4,8-diene-2,6,10-triyne, and Its Nickel(0) Complex. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om00002a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Youngs WJ, Kinder JD, Bradshaw JD, Tessier CA. Synthesis of nickel(0) complex of a methoxy-substituted tribenzocyclotriyne. X-ray crystallographic evidence for an intermolecular carbon-hydrogen-nickel agostic interaction. Organometallics 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/om00031a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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