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Chan Y, Ball J, Teng T, Tuttle C, Ahamed Y, Carrington M, Stewart S. Estimating the current and future incidence and prevalence of heart failure in the Australian adult population. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chiu PW, Mak HKF, Chan Y, Chan T, Ho KM. Hippocampal MR spectroscopic abnormalities in a cohort of syphilitic patients with HIV and neurosyphilis infection. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2014; 5:83-94. [PMID: 25625030 PMCID: PMC4299779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Co-infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and neurosyphilis (NS) has become a rising trend, but the extent of brain damage associated with the concomitant infections remains unknown. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) can evaluate metabolic changes underlying early brain infections. 25 syphilitic patients (7 HIV-positive with NS; 6 HIV-positive without NS; 5 HIV-negative with NS; 7 non-HIV, non-NS) and 17 healthy controls (HC) underwent single-voxel (1)H-MRS in the bilateral hippocampi. Absolute concentrations of major metabolites were measured using a 3T MRI scanner. No significant structural abnormality was detected in all patients. However, metabolic changes were found in the left hippocampus of both the HIV-positive and NS subgroups, showing significantly higher choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (mI) compared to HC. In the right hippocampus, HIV-positive subgroup showed significantly higher Cr and reduced NAA, while NS subgroup only showed significantly reduced NAA compared to HC. The non-HIV, non-NS syphilitic subgroup showed no significant difference compared to HC. Substantial metabolic changes occurred in bilateral hippocampi in HIV and NS co-infections. NAA reduction might represent early neuronal damage, while mI/Cho elevation reflects gliosis/inflammatory changes. (1)H-MRS could serve as a non-invasive tool to triage patients suspected of NS for lumbar puncture in non-HIV syphilitic patients.
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Ramsey H, Chan Y, Obaidee S, Bowen E, Elkin S. P69 A Study Of The Effect Of The 2013 'be Clear On Lung Cancer' Campaign On 2 Week Wait Referrals To An Inner North West London Cancer Centre. Thorax 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2014-206260.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Chan Y, Jeffrey J. EVALUATION OF VIDEO-BASED EDUCATION TO SUPPLEMENT STANDARDIZED CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION EDUCATION MATERIALS AND INFORMED CONSENT PROCESSES. Can J Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.07.721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Oo M, Tencheva A, Khalid N, Chamberlain H, Chan Y. 50 * ASSESSING FRAILTY IN THE ACUTE MEDICAL ADMISSION OF ELDERLY PATIENTS. Age Ageing 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu036.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chan Y, Mcgill A, Kanwar R, Krissansen G, Haggarty N, Xin L, Poppitt S. Bovine Peptic Casein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Model of ApoE-deficient Mice but not Overweight, Mildly Hypercholesterolaemic Men. CURRENT RESEARCH IN NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.2.1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Associations have been shown between consumption of bovine dairy and decreased prevalence of metabolic related disorders. Milk peptides may promote both angiotensin-I- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition for blood pressure (BP) lowering and insulin action for better glycaemic control. Less is known of other metabolic parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dairy peptic casein hydrolysate (CH) on markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in (1) an apolipoproteinE (ApoE) - deficient mouse model of high-fat fed hypercholesterolaem- ia, and, (2) a clinical study of moderate overweight and hypercholesterolaemia. In Trial 1, ApoE-deficient mice were supplemented with high dose CH (~1g/kg body weight) in a randomised, 9-wk, parallel design intervention, and blood and tissue samples harvested. In Trial 2, 24 mildly hypercholesterolaemic men were supplemented with lower dose CH (~0.1g/kg body weight, 10g/day, 3-wks) and matched whey protein control (WP, 10g/day, 3-wks) in a randomised, 9-wk, cross-over design intervention. Diets were separated by a 3-wk washout. Fasting blood and urine samples were collected, and blood pressure (BP) measured weekly. Clinical trial registration number, ACTRN 12611001013954. In ApoE-deficient mice, administration of CH significantly inhibited circulating total cholesterol concentrations by 37% (TC, P<0.01) and decreased aorta atherosclerotic lesion score by 25% (P<0.01). In the clinical study there were no significant differential effects of CH supplementation on CV markers, including serum lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride), glucose and BP. Whilst high dose bovine peptic CH attenuated CVD risk in a murine ApoE deficient model of aggressive hypercholesterolaemia, no evidence of amelioration of risk by supplementation with a lower dose of CH in an overweight population of mildly hypercholesterolaemic men was found.
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Chan Y, Yeung KH, Ho HF, Ho KM, Tin-Keung Lam E, Leung WL, Kam KM. Use of cerebrospinal fluid enzyme immunoassay for diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Int J STD AIDS 2013; 25:571-8. [DOI: 10.1177/0956462413515452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary Neurosyphilis is a difficult clinical stage of syphilis as there is no ideal method for diagnosis and workup requires lumbar puncture which may sometimes provide ambiguous results especially in HIV co-infected patients. Enzyme immunoassay is a widely used screening test for syphilis in serum, but its test performance was not well studied in cerebrospinal fluid. To examine the diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid-enzyme immunoassay (CSF-EIA) in neurosyphilis, we conducted a prospective study for two years. All consecutive patients admitted for workup of neurosyphilis under the Social Hygiene Service, in Hong Kong, were included. Laboratory tests on CSF included several serological tests, CSF cell count, and protein. Forty-five patients were prospectively recruited, of which 29 people were living with HIV / AIDS. Using diagnostic case definition standard stipulated in the IUSTI 2008 guidelines, 17 patients satisfied the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. The CSF-EIA test provided 100% in both sensitivity and negative predictive value; its specificity was 46.4% (13/28, 95% CI 31.8–61%). Specificity improved to 80.8% (95% CI: 68.4–93.2%) with optical density cut-off value at 1.4 for cases with CSF red cell counts <600/mm3. This is the first study on use of CSF-EIA in neurosyphilis. CSF-EIA showed high sensitivity and high negative predictive value in the study population and the presence of CSF red cells < 600/mm3 might not affect its accuracy.
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El-Nezami H, Tam PKH, Chan Y, Lau ASY, Leung FCC, Chen SF, Lan LCL, Wang MF. Impact of melamine-tainted milk on foetal kidneys and disease development later in life. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19 Suppl 8:34-38. [PMID: 24473527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
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Morris G, Chan Y, Grubb J, Jungles S, Kakkis E. P.3.7 A prodrug strategy to increase oral absorption and bioavailability of Sialic acid in an HIBM mouse model. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kehne DM, Karasik M, Aglitsky Y, Smyth Z, Terrell S, Weaver JL, Chan Y, Lehmberg RH, Obenschain SP. Implementation of focal zooming on the Nike KrF laser. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:013509. [PMID: 23387652 DOI: 10.1063/1.4789313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In direct drive inertial confinement laser fusion, a pellet containing D-T fuel is imploded by ablation arising from absorption of laser energy at its outer surface. For optimal coupling, the focal spot of the laser would continuously decrease to match the reduction in the pellet's diameter, thereby minimizing wasted energy. A krypton-fluoride laser (λ = 248 nm) that incorporates beam smoothing by induced spatial incoherence has the ability to produce a high quality focal profile whose diameter varies with time, a property known as focal zooming. A two-stage focal zoom has been demonstrated on the Nike laser at the Naval Research Laboratory. In the experiment, a 4.4 ns laser pulse was created in which the on-target focal spot diameter was 1.3 mm (full width at half maximum) for the first 2.4 ns and 0.28 mm for the final 2 ns. These two diameters appear in time-integrated focal plane equivalent images taken at several locations in the amplification chain. Eight of the zoomed output beams were overlapped on a 60 μm thick planar polystyrene target. Time resolved images of self-emission from the rear of the target show the separate shocks launched by the two corresponding laser focal diameters.
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Mak ADP, Wu JCY, Chan Y, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Lee S. Letter: dyspepsia, anxiety and depression - authors' reply. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013. [PMID: 23205488 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
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Bay B, Chan Y, Fong C, Leong H. Differential cellular zinc levels in metastatic and primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2012; 11:745-8. [PMID: 21528269 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.11.4.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc levels are known to be elevated in certain cancer tissues. In this study, zinc content in metastatic and primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells were quantitated by X-ray microanalysis at the ultrastructural level. Zinc levels of cancer cells derived from the cervical lymph node of a patient with metastatic carcinoma and that from the nasopharynx biopsy of another NPC patient with no clinical evidence of secondary spread, were analyzed. X-ray microanalysis revealed significantly higher cellular zinc levels in metastatic NPC cells. Zinc is a known anti-apoptotic agent and tumor response to radiotherapy is linked with apoptosis or programmed cell death. Raised zinc levels observed here could provide the biological basis for the observation of a higher percentage of distant metastasis in cervical node positive NPC patients treated by radiotherapy (the mainstay of treatment for NPC) as compared to those without regional nodal disease.
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Mak ADP, Wu JCY, Chan Y, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Lee S. Dyspepsia is strongly associated with major depression and generalised anxiety disorder - a community study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:800-10. [PMID: 22957985 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2012] [Revised: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between dyspepsia and psychiatric comorbidity such as anxiety and depression is poorly defined. Previous studies have been limited by lack of standardised diagnostic criteria. AIM To examine the prevalence and comorbidity of dyspepsia as defined by Rome III (6-month duration) with DSM-IV-TR generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive episodes (MDE) in the general population. METHODS A random population-based telephone survey was done using a questionnaire on symptoms of Rome III Dyspepsia, DSM-IV-TR GAD and MDE and their chronological relationship. RESULTS Of the 2011 respondents 8.0% currently had Rome III Dyspepsia, 3.8% reported GAD and 12.4% reported MDE respectively. Dyspeptic subjects had a twofold increased risk of GAD (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.06-3.89, P < 0.001) and a threefold increased risk of MDE (OR = 3.56, 95% CI: 2.33-5.43, P < 0.001). MDE and GAD most often coincided with dyspepsia in onset. Dyspepsia (OR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.65-3.72 P < 0.001), MDE (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.64-3.46, P < 0.001) and female sex (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.21-2.23, P < 0.001) independently predicted frequent medical consultations. GAD independently predicted high investigation expenditure (OR = 4.65, 95% CI: 1.15-18.70, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS With stringently adopted Rome III and DSM-IV-TR criteria, dyspepsia was strongly associated and often coincident in onset with generalised anxiety disorder and major depressive episodes in the community. Excessive healthcare utilisation should alert clinicians to risk of psychiatric comorbidity.
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Chung A, Dugast A, Robinson H, Chan Y, Ackerman ME, Cox J, Koff W, Barouch D, Rerks-Ngarm S, Michael N, Kim J, Alter G. Vector induced skewing of antibody Fc-effector functions. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442037 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Soh J, Xu S, Tan Z, Ng Z, Hing W, Wu T, Chan Y, Lee B. Evolving Prescription Trends in the Management of Childhood Wheeze in Singapore. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Clapham KR, Yu TW, Ganesh VS, Barry B, Chan Y, Mei D, Parrini E, Funalot B, Dupuis L, Nezarati MM, du Souich C, van Karnebeek C, Guerrini R, Walsh CA. FLNA genomic rearrangements cause periventricular nodular heterotopia. Neurology 2012; 78:269-78. [PMID: 22238415 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31824365e4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify copy number variant (CNV) causes of periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH) in patients for whom FLNA sequencing is negative. METHODS Screening of 35 patients from 33 pedigrees on an Affymetrix 6.0 microarray led to the identification of one individual bearing a CNV that disrupted FLNA. FLNA-disrupting CNVs were also isolated in 2 other individuals by multiplex ligation probe amplification. These 3 cases were further characterized by high-resolution oligo array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and the precise junctional breakpoints of the rearrangements were identified by PCR amplification and sequencing. RESULTS We report 3 cases of PNH caused by nonrecurrent genomic rearrangements that disrupt one copy of FLNA. The first individual carried a 113-kb deletion that removes all but the first exon of FLNA. A second patient harbored a complex rearrangement including a deletion of the 3' end of FLNA accompanied by a partial duplication event. A third patient bore a 39-kb deletion encompassing all of FLNA and the neighboring gene EMD. High-resolution oligo array CGH of the FLNA locus suggests distinct molecular mechanisms for each of these rearrangements, and implicates nearby low copy repeats in their pathogenesis. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that FLNA is prone to pathogenic rearrangements, and highlight the importance of screening for CNVs in individuals with PNH lacking FLNA point mutations.
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Chan Y, Carrington M, Calderone A, Wong C, Stewart S. High Risk for Heart Failure? Clinical and Risk Profile of the Nurse-led Intervention for Less Chronic Heart Failure (NIL-CHF) Study Cohort. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chan Y, Beltrame J, Rychkov G, Wilson D. Thromboxane A2-mediated L-type Calcium Channel Activation in the Vasculature. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chan Y, Carrington M, Calderone A, Stewart S. Prevalence and Prognostic Importance of Combined Depression and Cognitive Impairment in Typically Older Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chan Y, Carrington M, Calderone A, Scuffham P, Goldstein S, Stewart S. Impact of a Multidisciplinary, Home-Based Health Care Program Versus Usual Care for Privately Insured Cardiac Patients. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Woo C, Kong C, Chan Y, Wong C, Leong J, Lee C, Sorokin V. Reliable Procedure to Maintain RNA Quality During Laser Capture Microdissection of Human Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells. Heart Lung Circ 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2012.05.664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Deng GE, Chan Y, Yeung KS, Vickers AJ, Cassileth BR. Acupuncture for chemotherapy-induced fatigue: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Muttalib M, Rusius V, Hwang M, Chan Y, Brown H. Diagnostic and treatment challenges in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis - 10 year experience. Eur J Surg Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2011.03.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Lai WY, Tang WYM, Loo SKF, Chan Y. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients undergoing nail avulsion surgery for dystrophic nails. Hong Kong Med J 2011; 17:127-131. [PMID: 21471592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients undergoing surgical nail avulsion. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Two dermatology centres in Hong Kong. PATIENTS A total of 32 patients with nail diseases who underwent 33 nail avulsion procedures were reviewed from case records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Age, gender, co-morbidities, disease duration, clinical features, histopathology and fungal culture of nail plate, nail bed specimen for fungal culture in appropriate cases, and postoperative outcome. RESULTS The mean age of the patients at the time of nail avulsion was 54 (range, 27-86) years. The most frequent preoperative findings were thickened nails (23 specimens, 70%) and discolouration (20 specimens, 61%). Onychomycosis was the most common pre-consultative diagnosis (20 specimens, 61%). Prior to nail avulsion, topical or systemic treatment had been tried in more than half of the cases. Histopathology of the avulsed nails confirmed onychomycosis in 24 (73%) of specimens. The clinical cure rate was 88% and the mycologic cure rate was 100%. The procedure was well tolerated without significant complications. Relapse was only noted in three (9%) of the patients having nail avulsions. The time for full re-growth ranged from 5 to 10 months. CONCLUSIONS Total nail avulsion is an effective management option for patients whose diagnosis of onychomycosis was doubtful, and constitutes a treatment armamentarium especially for patients with single or oligo-onychomycosis.
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Chan Y, Mok CC, Tang WYM. Erythema elevatum diutinum in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2010; 31:259-62. [PMID: 20652813 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1574-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 07/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare chronic form of leukocytoclastic vasculitis with unknown etiology. EED has been described in association with hematological malignancies, infections and a number of rheumatological diseases. We report a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who presented with intermittent attacks of tender nodules and plaques on the shins and ankles for 6 months. Skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of EED. Treatment with dapsone resulted in complete resolution of the skin lesions. EED is rarely reported in SLE, and its presentation and treatment is reviewed.
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