901
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Wu QJ, McMahon R, Chang Z, Zhuang T, O'Daniel J, Yoo S, Zhu X, Yin F. SU-FF-T-301: Clinical Implementation and Commission of Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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902
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Sawakuchi G, Tit U, Ciangaru G, Mirkovic D, Zhu X, Mohan R. SU-FF-T-425: The Causes of the Lateral Envelop of Low Doses in Scanning Proton Beamlets. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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903
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Knopf A, Zhu X, Parodi K, Paganetti H, Bortfeld T, El Fakhri G. SU-FF-J-129: In-Room Proton Range Verification Using Mobile NeuroPET - Feasibility Study. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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904
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Ciangaru G, Sahoo N, Zhu X, Sawakuchi G, Gillin M. WE-E-BRD-07: Algorithm for Accurate Computation of Doses From Large-Angle Scattering of Scanned Proton Pencil Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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905
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Wang X, Sahoo N, Zhu X, Ding X, Arjomandy B, Ciangaru G, Gillin M. SU-FF-T-268: Study of Field Size Factors for Passively Scattered Proton Therapy Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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906
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Matney J, Vedam S, Dong L, Amos R, Zhu X, Balter P, Mohan R. MO-FF-A2-03: Is Average CT a Good Estimate of Mid-Ventilation Position of Surrounding Normal Structures for Proton Therapy Treatment Planning of Lung Tumors? Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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907
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Thongphiew D, Zhu X, Wu Q, Wu Q, Yin F. SU-FF-T-80: Hybrid Image Guided Radiation Therapy for Hypofractionated Prostate IMRT: Feasibility Study. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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908
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Zhou H, Xu J, Rodriguez M, van den Haak F, Zhu X, Xian Y, Nelson G, Jogani R, Keall P, Graves E. TH-C-BRC-10: Evaluation of a Micro-CT Based 3D Conformal Animal Radiotherapy System. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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909
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Zhu X, Bourland J, Yuan Y, Zhuang T, O'Daniel J, Thongphiew D, Wu Q, Das S, Yoo S, Yin F. SU-FF-J-56: Integrating Real-Time Tracking Into Image Guided Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer Treatment. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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910
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Zhu X, Sahoo N, Sawakuchi G, Lii M, Ciangaru G, Bues M, Pan X, Zhang X, Ding X, Titt U, Arjomandy B, Suzuki K, Mohan R, Gillin M. SU-FF-T-618: Configuration and Validation of a Double Gaussian Dose Model for Scanning Proton Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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911
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Zhu X, Titt U, Bues M, Sahoo N, Ciangaru G, Sawakuchi G, Poenisch F, Lii M, Zhang X, Li Y, Arjomandy B, Suzuki K, Mohan R, Gillin M. SU-FF-T-617: Configuration and Validation of a Single Gaussian Dose Model for Scanning Proton Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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912
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Giebeler A, Zhu X, Starkschall G, Balter P, Titt U, Tucker S, Newhauser W. SU-FF-T-625: Estimation of Uncertainty for the Patient and Compensator Scatter Correction Factor in Proton Therapy D/MU Calculations. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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913
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Li H, Lee A, Zhu X, Kudchadker R. SU-FF-T-258: The Effect of Treatment Couch Attenuation On Radiation Dose for Megavoltage Photon Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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914
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Sahoo N, Martin C, Zhu X, Ding X, Arjomandy B, Ciangaru G, Gillin M. SU-FF-T-278: Study of Differences in Lateral Penumbra Widths of Passively Scattered and Spot Scanned Proton Therapy Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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915
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Both S, Zhu T, Finlay J, Zhu X, Slopsema R, Dolney D, McDonough J. SU-FF-T-195: An Independent Program for MU Check of Modulated Scanning Beam for IMPT. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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916
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Sawakuchi G, Titt U, Mirkovic D, Zhu X, Sahoo N, Bues M, Ciangaru G, Poenisch F, Suzuki K, Arjomandy B, Gillin M, Mohan R. WE-E-BRD-06: Validation of An MCNPX Monte Carlo Model of a Discrete-Spot Scanning Beam Nozzle and Evaluation of the Beamlet Lateral Envelope of Low Doses. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3182558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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917
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Arjomandy B, Sahoo N, Cox J, Lee A, Zhu X, Gillin M. SU-FF-T-105: Surface Doses Comparison for Spot Scanned and Passively Scattered Proton Therapy Beams. Med Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3181579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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918
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De Gouw JA, te Lintel Hekkert S, Mellqvist J, Warneke C, Atlas EL, Fehsenfeld FC, Fried A, Frost GJ, Harren FJM, Holloway JS, Lefer B, Lueb R, Meagher JF, Parrish DD, Patel M, Pope L, Richter D, Rivera C, Ryerson TB, Samuelsson J, Walega J, Washenfelder RA, Weibring P, Zhu X. Airborne measurements of ethene from industrial sources using laser photo-acoustic spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:2437-42. [PMID: 19452898 DOI: 10.1021/es802701a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) instrument was developed and used for aircraft measurements of ethene from industrial sources near Houston, Texas. The instrument provided 20 s measurements with a detection limit of less than 0.7 ppbv. Data from this instrument and from the GC-FID analysis of air samples collected in flight agreed within 15% on average. Ethene fluxes from the Mt. Belvieu chemical complex to the northeast of Houston were quantified during 10 different flights. The average flux was 520 +/- 140 kg h(-1) in agreement with independent results from solar occultation flux (SOF) measurements, and roughly an order of magnitude higher than regulatory emission inventories indicate. This study shows that ethene emissions are routinely at levels that qualify as emission upsets, which need to be reported to regional air quality managers.
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919
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Zhu X, Zheng B, Wang S, Willems RJL, Xue F, Cao X, Li Y, Bo S, Liu J. Molecular characterisation of outbreak-related strains of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium from an intensive care unit in Beijing, China. J Hosp Infect 2009; 72:147-54. [PMID: 19339079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2009.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium affecting 14 patients in a 20-bed intensive care unit (ICU) between September 2006 and August 2007 (incidence: 3.56 cases per 1000 ICU patient days). Eighteen isolates of vanA type E. faecium were analysed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis, which showed 14 types overall. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) identified eight different sequence types (STs) (ST78, ST117, ST203, ST316, ST362, ST363, ST364 and ST365), including four new types (ST362, ST363, ST364 and ST365) and 17 strains belonged to clonal complexes CC17. Sixteen of these carried the esp gene. Eighteen Tn1546-like elements encoding vanA-type VRE were classified into three types (types I to III) and all of them contained both IS1216V and IS1542 insertions. Vancomycin resistance of 14 vanA type E. faecium isolates was transferred at a frequency of 1.3 x 10(-6) to 6.4 x 10(-5) between E. faecium strains during filter mating. Our findings indicate that conjugative dissemination of Tn1546-like elements among CC17 E. faecium occurred during the outbreak in this ICU.
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920
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Zhang X, Chentoufi AA, Dasgupta G, Nesburn AB, Wu M, Zhu X, Carpenter D, Wechsler SL, You S, BenMohamed L. A genital tract peptide epitope vaccine targeting TLR-2 efficiently induces local and systemic CD8+ T cells and protects against herpes simplex virus type 2 challenge. Mucosal Immunol 2009; 2:129-143. [PMID: 19129756 PMCID: PMC4509510 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2008.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The next generation of needle-free mucosal vaccines is being rationally designed according to rules that govern the way in which the epitopes are recognized by and stimulate the genital mucosal immune system. We hypothesized that synthetic peptide epitopes extended with an agonist of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR-2), that are abundantly expressed by dendritic and epithelial cells of the vaginal mucosa, would lead to induction of protective immunity against genital herpes. To test this hypothesis, we intravaginally (IVAG) immunized wild-type B6, TLR-2 (TLR2(-/-)) or myeloid differentiation factor 88 deficient (MyD88(-/-)) mice with a herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) CD8+ T-cell peptide epitope extended by a palmitic acid moiety (a TLR-2 agonist). IVAG delivery of the lipopeptide generated HSV-2-specific memory CD8+ cytotoxic T cells both locally in the genital tract draining lymph nodes and systemically in the spleen. Moreover, lipopeptide-immunized TLR2(-/-) and MyD88(-/-) mice developed significantly less HSV-specific CD8+ T-cell response, earlier death, faster disease progression, and higher vaginal HSV-2 titers compared to lipopeptide-immunized wild-type B6 mice. IVAG immunization with self-adjuvanting lipid-tailed peptides appears to be a novel mucosal vaccine approach, which has attractive practical and immunological features.
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921
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Liu F, Yin J, Du M, Yan P, Xu J, Zhu X, Yu J. Heat-stress-induced damage to porcine small intestinal epithelium associated with downregulation of epithelial growth factor signaling. J Anim Sci 2009; 87:1941-9. [PMID: 19213704 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2008-1624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme heat during certain days of the summer renders pigs susceptible to severe heat stress, which negatively affects their growth performance. We hypothesized that such heat stress impaired the small intestinal mucosa, a site responsible for nutrient absorption. To simulate heat stress, Chinese experimental mini-pigs were treated with 5 h of continual 40 degrees C temperature each day for 10 d in succession. Pigs were killed at 1, 3, 6 and 10 d after treatment, and small intestinal epithelia were sampled for histochemical examination and biochemical analyses. The duodenum and jejunum were seriously damaged within 3 d of initiation of treatment. Subsequent study of the process of jejunum recovery showed that the initiation of recovery started within 6 d following heat stress. Such damage was associated with the downregulation of epithelial growth factor signaling. In conclusion, heat stress induced short-term damage to the epithelium of porcine intestine. Because the intestinal epithelium is crucial for nutrient uptake, such damage should partially account for the impairment of growth performance of pigs under heat stress.
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922
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Zhu X, Wang M, Crump C, Rothenberg M, Mishra A. CD4+CD45RBLow T Cells Are Critical In Regulating Esophageal Eosinophilia In Mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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923
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Su B, Wang X, Nunomura A, Moreira PI, Lee HG, Perry G, Smith MA, Zhu X. Oxidative stress signaling in Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2009; 5:525-32. [PMID: 19075578 DOI: 10.2174/156720508786898451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence demonstrate that oxidative stress is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD), occurring prior to cytopathology, and therefore may play a key pathogenic role in AD. Oxidative stress not only temporally precedes the pathological lesions of the disease but also activates cell signaling pathways, which, in turn, contribute to lesion formation and, at the same time, provoke cellular responses such as compensatory upregulation of antioxidant enzymes found in vulnerable neurons in AD. In this review, we provide an overview of the evidence of oxidative stress and compensatory responses that occur in AD, particularly focused on potential sources of oxidative stress and the roles and mechanism of activation of stress-activated protein kinase pathways.
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924
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Zhao Y, Liang Y, Zhang N, Wang M, Zhu X. Pulse width effect in ultrafast laser ionization imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2008; 33:2467-2469. [PMID: 18978889 DOI: 10.1364/ol.33.002467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of different laser pulse widths on laser-induced ionization imaging of microstructures embedded in transparent materials are investigated. It is shown that a femtosecond laser-induced ionization probe can detect the variation of elemental composition of the sample materials with a higher contrast ratio, whereas the ionization probe generated by picosecond laser pulses is more sensitive to the structural change inside optical materials, which can be well explained by the different roles of multiphoton ionization and avalanche ionization involved in material breakdown. These results also suggest that an optimum diagnosis could be obtained if well-selected laser parameters are employed in ultrafast laser ionization imaging.
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925
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Abstract
Background Obesity is rapidly becoming a global epidemic. Unlike many complex human diseases, obesity is defined not just by a single trait or phenotype, but jointly by measures of anthropometry and metabolic status. Methods We applied maximum likelihood factor analysis to identify common latent factors underlying observed covariance in multiple obesity-related measures. Both the genetic components and the mode of inheritance of the common factors were evaluated. A total of 1775 participants from 590 families for whom measures on obesity-related traits were available were included in this study. Results The average age of participants was 37 years, 39% of the participants were obese (body mass index ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) and 26% were overweight (body mass index 25.0 - 29.9 kg/m2). Two latent common factors jointly accounting for over 99% of the correlations among obesity-related traits were identified. Complex segregation analysis of the age and sex-adjusted latent factors provide evidence for a Mendelian mode of inheritance of major genetic effect with heritability estimates of 40.4% and 47.5% for the first and second factors, respectively. Conclusions These findings provide a support for multivariate-based approach for investigating pleiotropic effects on obesity-related traits which can be applied in both genetic linkage and association mapping.
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